In this study, a Hydroelectric Cell (HEC) was developed using lithium-substituted magnesium ferrite (Li–MgFe₂O₄) synthesized by solid-state reaction and sintered between 800 and 1000 °C to evaluate the influence of sintering temperature on structure and performance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed phase formation with crystallite sizes ranging from 57.65 to 60.89 nm, while higher sintering temperatures enhanced crystallinity. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed stability up to 950 °C. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed grain sizes of 100–300 nm with temperature-dependent porosity, while EDAX verified elemental composition. Bonding characteristics were investigated by FTIR and XPS. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis indicated a surface area of ∼3.2 m2/g and an average pore size of 25 nm, suitable for efficient water dissociation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed a sharp impedance drop from 107 Ω to 10 Ω during operation. Upon water introduction, H₂O molecules dissociated into OH− and H₃O+ ions; confinement of H₃O+ within nanopores created an internal field, promoting faster ion transport and enhanced ionic current. Power generation occurred through oxidation of the Zn anode by OH− ions and reduction of H₃O+ at the Ag cathode. The HEC sintered at 1000 °C (area 19.6 cm2) exhibited superior performance, achieving 15 mW power output, 50 mA short-circuit current, and 1.2 V open-circuit voltage. Overall, the results demonstrate the role of sintering temperature in tailoring LiMg ferrite properties and highlight its promise as an efficient, eco-friendly catalyst for sustainable hydroelectric cell technology.
{"title":"Temperature-dependent performance of LiMg ferrite for renewable electricity generation via hydroelectric cells","authors":"Nilesh Kengar, Atul Teli, Guruprasad Bhinge, Chidanand Kanamadi","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a Hydroelectric Cell (HEC) was developed using lithium-substituted magnesium ferrite (Li–MgFe₂O₄) synthesized by solid-state reaction and sintered between 800 and 1000 °C to evaluate the influence of sintering temperature on structure and performance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed phase formation with crystallite sizes ranging from 57.65 to 60.89 nm, while higher sintering temperatures enhanced crystallinity. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed stability up to 950 °C. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed grain sizes of 100–300 nm with temperature-dependent porosity, while EDAX verified elemental composition. Bonding characteristics were investigated by FTIR and XPS. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis indicated a surface area of ∼3.2 m<sup>2</sup>/g and an average pore size of 25 nm, suitable for efficient water dissociation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed a sharp impedance drop from 10<sup>7</sup> Ω to 10 Ω during operation. Upon water introduction, H₂O molecules dissociated into OH<sup>−</sup> and H₃O<sup>+</sup> ions; confinement of H₃O<sup>+</sup> within nanopores created an internal field, promoting faster ion transport and enhanced ionic current. Power generation occurred through oxidation of the Zn anode by OH<sup>−</sup> ions and reduction of H₃O<sup>+</sup> at the Ag cathode. The HEC sintered at 1000 °C (area 19.6 cm<sup>2</sup>) exhibited superior performance, achieving 15 mW power output, 50 mA short-circuit current, and 1.2 V open-circuit voltage. Overall, the results demonstrate the role of sintering temperature in tailoring Li<img>Mg ferrite properties and highlight its promise as an efficient, eco-friendly catalyst for sustainable hydroelectric cell technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119203"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119208
Lulu Jiang , Wenqi Lei , Xiaoyun Miao , Xiulin Wang , Yongcun Liu , Yuanshuang Zheng , Xiaofeng Ye , Donglin Han
Ba3MoNbO8.5-based materials are an attractive class of hexagonal perovskite-derived oxide ion conductors, and the oxide ion conductivity can be increased to 0.012 Scm−1 at 700 °C by doping Zr to form the composition of Ba3MoNb0.95Zr0.05O8.475 (BMNZ5). However, BMNZ5 shows lower relative density around 69% after sintering at 1200 °C. Increasing the temperature to 1300 °C densifies the sample but unfortunately results in the formation of a BaMoO4 second phase. Interestingly, adding K2CO3 leads to the reduced temperature forming the BMNZ5 phase, and the relative density increases to 89% by adding 5 mol% K2CO3. Although the conductivity decreases slightly, adding K2CO3 leads to an acceptable balance between the relative density and conductivity. The samples added with 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mol% K2CO3 show reasonably high total conductivity of 0.0079, 0.0062 and 0.0077 Scm−1 at 700 °C in a dry Ar-20% O2 atmosphere. No proton conduction was detected in both the pristine and 2.5 mol% K2CO3-added compositions by the H2O/D2O isotope effect measurements.
{"title":"Enhanced sinterability of Ba3MoNb0.95Zr0.05O8.475 oxide ion conductor by adding K2CO3","authors":"Lulu Jiang , Wenqi Lei , Xiaoyun Miao , Xiulin Wang , Yongcun Liu , Yuanshuang Zheng , Xiaofeng Ye , Donglin Han","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ba<sub>3</sub>MoNbO<sub>8.5</sub>-based materials are an attractive class of hexagonal perovskite-derived oxide ion conductors, and the oxide ion conductivity can be increased to 0.012 Scm<sup>−1</sup> at 700 °C by doping Zr to form the composition of Ba<sub>3</sub>MoNb<sub>0.95</sub>Zr<sub>0.05</sub>O<sub>8.475</sub> (BMNZ5). However, BMNZ5 shows lower relative density around 69% after sintering at 1200 °C. Increasing the temperature to 1300 °C densifies the sample but unfortunately results in the formation of a BaMoO<sub>4</sub> second phase. Interestingly, adding K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> leads to the reduced temperature forming the BMNZ5 phase, and the relative density increases to 89% by adding 5 mol% K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>. Although the conductivity decreases slightly, adding K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> leads to an acceptable balance between the relative density and conductivity. The samples added with 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mol% K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> show reasonably high total conductivity of 0.0079, 0.0062 and 0.0077 Scm<sup>−1</sup> at 700 °C in a dry Ar-20% O<sub>2</sub> atmosphere. No proton conduction was detected in both the pristine and 2.5 mol% K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>-added compositions by the H<sub>2</sub>O/D<sub>2</sub>O isotope effect measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119208"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119196
Neha Bhatt, Mohan Singh Mehata
This work reports the synthesis of highly stable tungsten diselenide (WSe2) quantum dots (QDs) and their application as photoluminescence (PL)-based probes for detecting hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glucose. The synthesized WSe2 QDs exhibit sharp blue PL and an intense absorption band at 269 nm, corresponding to the excitonic transition. The QDs display excitation-dependent PL behavior, with the PL maximum located at 416 nm for a specific excitation wavelength. Time-resolved PL analysis reveals a four-exponential decay profile, suggesting the presence of multiple overlapping emissions originating from different emissive states. The PL intensity of WSe2 QDs decreases strongly and linearly with increasing H2O2 concentration in the range of 0.33–693 nM and for glucose in the range of 3.3–974 nM. The QDs demonstrate excellent sensitivity, achieving detection limits of 1.87 nM (0.064 ppb) for H2O2 and 2.42 nM (0.436 ppb) for glucose. Mechanistic investigations indicate that the modulation of the optical properties of WSe2 QDs arises from interactions with H2O2, either through direct addition or via in situ generation during glucose oxidation catalyzed by glucose oxidase (GOx). The results suggest that the quenching process occurs via static quenching, driven by the formation of a ground-state complex between the QDs and the quencher.
{"title":"WSe2 quantum dot-based photoluminescent platform for ultrasensitive biosensing of hydrogen peroxide and glucose","authors":"Neha Bhatt, Mohan Singh Mehata","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work reports the synthesis of highly stable tungsten diselenide (WSe<sub>2</sub>) quantum dots (QDs) and their application as photoluminescence (PL)-based probes for detecting hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) and glucose. The synthesized WSe<sub>2</sub> QDs exhibit sharp blue PL and an intense absorption band at 269 nm, corresponding to the excitonic transition. The QDs display excitation-dependent PL behavior, with the PL maximum located at 416 nm for a specific excitation wavelength. Time-resolved PL analysis reveals a four-exponential decay profile, suggesting the presence of multiple overlapping emissions originating from different emissive states. The PL intensity of WSe<sub>2</sub> QDs decreases strongly and linearly with increasing H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentration in the range of 0.33–693 nM and for glucose in the range of 3.3–974 nM. The QDs demonstrate excellent sensitivity, achieving detection limits of 1.87 nM (0.064 ppb) for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and 2.42 nM (0.436 ppb) for glucose. Mechanistic investigations indicate that the modulation of the optical properties of WSe<sub>2</sub> QDs arises from interactions with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, either through direct addition or via in situ generation during glucose oxidation catalyzed by glucose oxidase (GOx). The results suggest that the quenching process occurs via static quenching, driven by the formation of a ground-state complex between the QDs and the quencher.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119196"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119205
Zanlang Tang , Chen Liu , Xincun Tang , Haonan Liu , Biao Qin
The controlled synthesis of Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2 (NCM 811 precursor) is of great importance for the development of cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries. However, a comprehensive understanding of the thermodynamic behavior for optimization of transition metal parameters during coprecipitation remains insufficient, limiting the predicting outcomes in synthesis. This study proposes a thermodynamic analysis to describe the behavior of Ni2+, Co2+, and Mn2+, aiming to optimize the synthesis of NCM 811 precursors via chemical coprecipitation. The research is structured into two parts: (i) a theoretical precipitation ratio formula is derived through thermodynamic analysis based on reactions involved in coprecipitation; (ii) spherical NCM 811 precursors with a β-Ni(OH)₂ phase composition are synthesized under optimized conditions, including a transition metal concentration = 2 mol/L, initial pH = 11.0, reaction temperature = 60 °C, and an ammonia concentration = 4 mol/L. The resulting precursors exhibit monodisperses particles with a size of approximately 10 μm, and more than 99% of the transition metals are successfully coprecipitated into the NCM 811 precursors phase, in agreement with the theoretical predictions from the thermodynamic analysis. This work improved the prediction accuracy for NCM 811 precursors synthesis via a new thermodynamic modeling framework from 35 equilibria in coprecipitation in Ni2+-Co2+-Mn2+-NH3-OH−-H2O system, offering a reliable pathway for the controllable synthesis of Ni-rich cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
{"title":"Thermodynamic modeling and parameters optimization for Ni0.8Co0.1Mn 0.1(OH)2 synthesis via transitional metal coprecipitation","authors":"Zanlang Tang , Chen Liu , Xincun Tang , Haonan Liu , Biao Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The controlled synthesis of Ni<sub>0.8</sub>Co<sub>0.1</sub>Mn<sub>0.1</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub> (NCM 811 precursor) is of great importance for the development of cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries. However, a comprehensive understanding of the thermodynamic behavior for optimization of transition metal parameters during coprecipitation remains insufficient, limiting the predicting outcomes in synthesis. This study proposes a thermodynamic analysis to describe the behavior of Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup>, and Mn<sup>2+</sup>, aiming to optimize the synthesis of NCM 811 precursors via chemical coprecipitation. The research is structured into two parts: (i) a theoretical precipitation ratio formula is derived through thermodynamic analysis based on reactions involved in coprecipitation; (ii) spherical NCM 811 precursors with a β-Ni(OH)₂ phase composition are synthesized under optimized conditions, including a transition metal concentration = 2 mol/L, initial pH = 11.0, reaction temperature = 60 °C, and an ammonia concentration = 4 mol/L. The resulting precursors exhibit monodisperses particles with a size of approximately 10 μm, and more than 99% of the transition metals are successfully coprecipitated into the NCM 811 precursors phase, in agreement with the theoretical predictions from the thermodynamic analysis. This work improved the prediction accuracy for NCM 811 precursors synthesis via a new thermodynamic modeling framework from 35 equilibria in coprecipitation in Ni<sup>2+</sup>-Co<sup>2+</sup>-Mn<sup>2+</sup>-NH<sub>3</sub>-OH<sup>−</sup>-H<sub>2</sub>O system, offering a reliable pathway for the controllable synthesis of Ni-rich cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119205"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119183
R.K. Aldakheel , N.A. Algarou , M.A. Almessiere , A. Baykal , S. Caliskan , E. Mojtahedi , Sagar E. Shirsath , S. Ali
Ni0.6Cu0.2Zn0.2InxScxFe2-2xO4 nanoparticles (NPs) (x ≤ 0.10) were synthesized using the Sol-Gel combustion route to investigate the substitution of non-magnetic Indium (In+3) and Scandium (Sc+3) ions. XRD (X-ray diffraction) confirmed the purity of all products, exhibiting a single-phase spinel structure. Crystallite size (DXRD), determined by Rietveld refinement, ranged from 35 to 79 nm. SEM (Scanning electron spectroscopy) and TEM (Transmission electron spectroscopy)/HR-TEM (High resolution transmission electron spectroscopy)were used to analyze morphology. VSM (Vibrating sample magnetometer) measurements at 300 and 10 K revealed narrow hysteresis loops for all samples, confirming their soft ferrimagnetic nature. In3+ and Sc3+ substitution led to a remarkable alteration in magnetic behavior due to cation redistribution. The saturation magnetization (Mₛ) increased with higher substitution levels (x). Conversely, coercivity (Hc) decreased. The reduction in Hc and squareness ratio (SQR < 0.5) further confirmed the multidomain and soft magnetic character of the nanoparticles. These results demonstrate that the dual In3+/Sc3+ substitution is an effective method to tune the cation distribution and exchange interactions, which is providing an approach to tailor Ni-Cu-Zn soft magnetic ferrites for innovative applications.
{"title":"Influence of nonmagnetic In3+ and Sc3+ ions co-substitution on the structure, cation distribution and magnetic features of Ni0.6Cu0.2Zn0.2Fe2O4 nanoparticles","authors":"R.K. Aldakheel , N.A. Algarou , M.A. Almessiere , A. Baykal , S. Caliskan , E. Mojtahedi , Sagar E. Shirsath , S. Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ni<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.2</sub>Zn<sub>0.2</sub>In<sub>x</sub>Sc<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>2-2x</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) (x ≤ 0.10) were synthesized using the Sol-Gel combustion route to investigate the substitution of non-magnetic Indium (In<sup>+3</sup>) and Scandium (Sc<sup>+3</sup>) ions. XRD <strong>(X-ray diffraction)</strong> confirmed the purity of all products, exhibiting a single-phase spinel structure. Crystallite size (D<sub>XRD</sub>), determined by Rietveld refinement, ranged from 35 to 79 nm. SEM <strong>(Scanning electron spectroscopy)</strong> and TEM <strong>(Transmission electron spectroscopy)</strong>/HR-TEM <strong>(High resolution transmission electron spectroscopy)</strong>were used to analyze morphology. VSM <strong>(Vibrating sample magnetometer)</strong> measurements at 300 and 10 K revealed narrow hysteresis loops for all samples, confirming their soft ferrimagnetic nature. In<sup>3+</sup> and Sc<sup>3+</sup> substitution led to a remarkable alteration in magnetic behavior due to cation redistribution. The saturation magnetization (Mₛ) increased with higher substitution levels (x). Conversely, coercivity (H<sub>c</sub>) decreased. The reduction in H<sub>c</sub> and squareness ratio (SQR < 0.5) further confirmed the multidomain and soft magnetic character of the nanoparticles. These results demonstrate that the dual In<sup>3+</sup>/Sc<sup>3+</sup> substitution is an effective method to tune the cation distribution and exchange interactions, which is providing an approach to tailor Ni-Cu-Zn soft magnetic ferrites for innovative applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119183"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polymer-embedded transition metal-based electrodes with excellent specific capacitance have received considerable attention for energy storage applications in recent years. Layered Hydroxides exhibit significant potential for enhancing the performance of supercapacitors (SCs) due to their efficient interlayer ion transport and redox reactions. The limited number of active sites and the uniform distribution of metal species impede enhancements in capacity performance. In this study, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is effectively hierarchical network resembling a flower of ternary metal LTH nanostructure through site-specific co-precipitation, leading to enhanced SCs performance. The PVP@Ce/Co/Ni-LTH (PVP@CCN-LTH) hybrid retains the stacked nanolayered porous structure values of 20.8 m2 g−1 characteristic of ternary metal LTH, while keeping the interlayer ion transfer impedance at a minimal level. The incorporated polymer PVP molecules play a vital role, enabling the additional active sites, which improve electrochemical properties, including electrical conductivity, capacitive performance, and cycling stability. Structural, spectral, morphological, surface elemental binding energies, surface area properties, and the electrochemical performance of the fabricated electrodes are studied with appropriate characterization tools, and the obtained results are discussed. The developed Hybrid Supercapacitor (HSC) material demonstrated an exceptional Specific capacity of 350.5 mAh g−1 (reaching up to 2524 F g−1) at a current density of 4 A g−1 in PVA-KOH hydrogel electrolyte. The remarkable cycling stability (98.4 % retention after 9000 charge-discharge cycles) may be attributed to the unique characteristics and synergistic effects of multi-LTHs. The PVP@CCN2:2:1-LTH/AC electrodes exhibit a high-power density (PD) of 12,800 W kg−1 and Energy density (ED) of 30.5 Wh kg−1 with remarkable stability. The fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor proves that the PVP@CCN2:2:1-LTH/AC has the viable potential for commodification in the field of Hybrid Energy efficiency SCs.
聚合物嵌入过渡金属电极具有优异的比电容，近年来在储能领域受到广泛关注。层状氢氧化物由于其有效的层间离子传输和氧化还原反应，在提高超级电容器（SCs）性能方面表现出显著的潜力。有限数量的活性位点和均匀分布的金属物种阻碍了容量性能的提高。在本研究中，聚乙烯吡罗烷酮（PVP）通过位点特异性共沉淀有效地形成了类似三元金属LTH纳米结构花的分层网络，从而增强了SCs的性能。PVP@Ce/Co/Ni-LTH （PVP@CCN-LTH）杂化物保留了三元金属LTH的堆叠纳米层多孔结构值20.8 m2 g−1的特征，同时层间离子转移阻抗保持在最小水平。掺入的聚合物PVP分子起着至关重要的作用，可以增加额外的活性位点，从而改善电化学性能，包括导电性、电容性能和循环稳定性。采用合适的表征工具对制备电极的结构、光谱、形态、表面元素结合能、表面积性质和电化学性能进行了研究，并对所得结果进行了讨论。所开发的混合超级电容器（HSC）材料在PVA-KOH水凝胶电解质中的电流密度为4 a g−1时，具有350.5 mAh g−1的特殊比容量（达到2524 F g−1）。在9000次充放电循环后，该材料的循环稳定性（98.4%的保留率）可归因于多lths的独特特性和协同效应。PVP@CCN2:2:1-LTH/AC电极具有12800 W kg−1的高功率密度（PD）和30.5 Wh kg−1的能量密度（ED），稳定性好。制造的不对称超级电容器证明了PVP@CCN2:2:1-LTH/AC在混合能源效率sc领域具有可行的商品化潜力。
{"title":"Engineering hierarchical (Ce/Co/Ni) CCN-LTH ternary hydroxide hybrids for next-generation supercapacitor electrode applications","authors":"Manjuparkavi Murugan , Ponnusamy Sasikumar , Latha Marasamy , Pitchaimani Veerakumar , Prabhu Sengodan , Rajagembu Perumal","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.119140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.119140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymer-embedded transition metal-based electrodes with excellent specific capacitance have received considerable attention for energy storage applications in recent years. Layered Hydroxides exhibit significant potential for enhancing the performance of supercapacitors (SCs) due to their efficient interlayer ion transport and redox reactions. The limited number of active sites and the uniform distribution of metal species impede enhancements in capacity performance. In this study, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is effectively hierarchical network resembling a flower of ternary metal LTH nanostructure through site-specific co-precipitation, leading to enhanced SCs performance. The PVP@Ce/Co/Ni-LTH (PVP@CCN-LTH) hybrid retains the stacked nanolayered porous structure values of 20.8 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup> characteristic of ternary metal LTH, while keeping the interlayer ion transfer impedance at a minimal level. The incorporated polymer PVP molecules play a vital role, enabling the additional active sites, which improve electrochemical properties, including electrical conductivity, capacitive performance, and cycling stability. Structural, spectral, morphological, surface elemental binding energies, surface area properties, and the electrochemical performance of the fabricated electrodes are studied with appropriate characterization tools, and the obtained results are discussed. The developed Hybrid Supercapacitor (HSC) material demonstrated an exceptional Specific capacity of 350.5 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> (reaching up to 2524 F g<sup>−1</sup>) at a current density of 4 A g<sup>−1</sup> in PVA-KOH hydrogel electrolyte. The remarkable cycling stability (98.4 % retention after 9000 charge-discharge cycles) may be attributed to the unique characteristics and synergistic effects of multi-LTHs. The PVP@CCN<sub>2:2:1</sub>-LTH/AC electrodes exhibit a high-power density (PD) of 12,800 W kg<sup>−1</sup> and Energy density (ED) of 30.5 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> with remarkable stability. The fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor proves that the PVP@CCN<sub>2:2:1</sub>-LTH/AC has the viable potential for commodification in the field of Hybrid Energy efficiency SCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119140"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.mseb.2025.119175
Triantafyllia Grekou , Dimitrios Koutsonikolas , George Karagiannakis , Eustathios S. Kikkinides
As the world moves toward a low–carbon future, hydrogen (H2) is playing a key role in sustainable energy strategies, driving research into the development of efficient H2 separation systems. In this study, a scalable low–temperature (250 °C) chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and oxygen was employed to deposit a H2–selective silica layer on a commercial titania membrane. In contrast to conventional single-stage CVD routes, a novel addition of intermediate ozone (O₃) treatments between deposition steps promoted the formation of a stable, purely inorganic structure by decomposing residual organics and activating the surface for the subsequent deposition. The resulting SiO2/TiO2 membrane demonstrated a favorable balance between permeance and selectivity, achieving a H2 permeance of 1.9 × 10– 7mol m−2s−1Pa−1 and a H2/CO2 permselectivity of 80.4 at 250 °C. Additionally, a theoretical mass transport model was applied at each modification stage to assess pore structure evolution, identify the dominant transport mechanisms, and advance the understanding of structure–permeation relationship.
{"title":"Assessment of nanoporous structure in novel H2–selective silica–based membranes via integrated gas transport modeling: Membrane development and characterization","authors":"Triantafyllia Grekou , Dimitrios Koutsonikolas , George Karagiannakis , Eustathios S. Kikkinides","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.119175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.119175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the world moves toward a low–carbon future, hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) is playing a key role in sustainable energy strategies, driving research into the development of efficient H<sub>2</sub> separation systems. In this study, a scalable low–temperature (250 °C) chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and oxygen was employed to deposit a H<sub>2</sub>–selective silica layer on a commercial titania membrane. In contrast to conventional single-stage CVD routes, a novel addition of intermediate ozone (O₃) treatments between deposition steps promoted the formation of a stable, purely inorganic structure by decomposing residual organics and activating the surface for the subsequent deposition. The resulting SiO<sub>2</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> membrane demonstrated a favorable balance between permeance and selectivity, achieving a H<sub>2</sub> permeance of 1.9 × 10<sup>– 7</sup>mol m<sup>−2</sup>s<sup>−1</sup>Pa<sup>−1</sup> and a H<sub>2</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub> permselectivity of 80.4 at 250 °C. Additionally, a theoretical mass transport model was applied at each modification stage to assess pore structure evolution, identify the dominant transport mechanisms, and advance the understanding of structure–permeation relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials with mixed-phase compositions are known to outperform single-phase systems in photocatalysis due to improved charge separation at phase junctions. In this work, triphasic TiO2 nanoparticles containing anatase, rutile, and brookite were synthesized via a low-temperature sol-gel method, and the effect of Cu doping on their structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties were systematically examined. X-ray diffraction and Raman analyses confirmed the stable coexistence of all three phases, with Cu incorporation inducing lattice distortion and macrostrain. FTIR studies revealed enhanced surface hydroxylation and increased oxygen-vacancy-related defects at low Cu concentrations, while higher Cu loadings resulted in partial CuO segregation. UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy showed bandgap narrowing in the anatase and rutile phases, leading to enhanced visible-light absorption, whereas the brookite bandgap remained largely unchanged. Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible-light irradiation achieved a maximum efficiency of 86.1% for 1 wt% Cu-doped TiO2. This study lies in demonstrating how controlled Cu doping selectively tunes phase-specific electronic states in a triphasic TiO2 system to maximize visible-light photocatalytic efficiency, highlighting its potential for water purification applications.
{"title":"Cu-doped triphasic TiO2 nanocrystalline materials for enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity","authors":"Madhu Prasad P.V, Rajesh Cheruku, Amar Srivatsava, Vijaya Kumar Kambila, M.V.H. Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) nanomaterials with mixed-phase compositions are known to outperform single-phase systems in photocatalysis due to improved charge separation at phase junctions. In this work, triphasic TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles containing anatase, rutile, and brookite were synthesized via a low-temperature sol-gel method, and the effect of Cu doping on their structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties were systematically examined. X-ray diffraction and Raman analyses confirmed the stable coexistence of all three phases, with Cu incorporation inducing lattice distortion and macrostrain. FTIR studies revealed enhanced surface hydroxylation and increased oxygen-vacancy-related defects at low Cu concentrations, while higher Cu loadings resulted in partial CuO segregation. UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy showed bandgap narrowing in the anatase and rutile phases, leading to enhanced visible-light absorption, whereas the brookite bandgap remained largely unchanged. Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible-light irradiation achieved a maximum efficiency of 86.1% for 1 wt% Cu-doped TiO<sub>2</sub>. This study lies in demonstrating how controlled Cu doping selectively tunes phase-specific electronic states in a triphasic TiO<sub>2</sub> system to maximize visible-light photocatalytic efficiency, highlighting its potential for water purification applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119197"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In advanced semiconductor technology nodes below 10 nm, precise flat-band voltage (VFB) control is essential for tuning the threshold voltage. This study systematically investigates the incorporation of Ti-doped HfO2 (HTO) interlayers into metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors to modulate VFB while maintaining favorable electrical performance. A ∼2 nm HTO interlayer was prepared via atomic layer deposition (ALD) supercycles with controlled Ti doping concentrations and strategically positioned within the high-k dielectric stacks. The results reveal that a 50 % Ti-doped HTO interlayer located at the dielectric/Si interface produces the most significant VFB shift, along with reduced equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) and an acceptable leakage current density. This VFB modulation is attributed to interface dipole engineering as a result of the difference in electronegativity between Ti–O–Si and Hf–O–Si bonds. Furthermore, VFB is strongly correlated with the spatial placement of the interlayer: VFB shifts are pronounced when the HTO interlayer is positioned at the dielectric/Si or metal/dielectric interfaces, but minimal when embedded within the HfO2 matrix due to the cancellation of opposite dipoles. This study establishes an effective and scalable approach to dipole modulation in high-k gate stacks, enabling precise VFB control and EOT scaling for future low-power applications.
{"title":"Interface dipole engineering via TiO2-doped HfO2 interlayers for flat-band voltage modulation in scaled high-k gate stacks","authors":"Han-Fang Shiue , Hao-Chen Wu , Kian-Guan Lim , Chun-Ho Chuang , Chi-Lin Mo , Miin-Jang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In advanced semiconductor technology nodes below 10 nm, precise flat-band voltage (<em>V</em><sub><em>FB</em></sub>) control is essential for tuning the threshold voltage. This study systematically investigates the incorporation of Ti-doped HfO<sub>2</sub> (HTO) interlayers into metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors to modulate <em>V</em><sub><em>FB</em></sub> while maintaining favorable electrical performance. A ∼2 nm HTO interlayer was prepared via atomic layer deposition (ALD) supercycles with controlled Ti doping concentrations and strategically positioned within the high-k dielectric stacks. The results reveal that a 50 % Ti-doped HTO interlayer located at the dielectric/Si interface produces the most significant <em>V</em><sub><em>FB</em></sub> shift, along with reduced equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) and an acceptable leakage current density. This <em>V</em><sub><em>FB</em></sub> modulation is attributed to interface dipole engineering as a result of the difference in electronegativity between Ti–O–Si and Hf–O–Si bonds. Furthermore, <em>V</em><sub><em>FB</em></sub> is strongly correlated with the spatial placement of the interlayer: <em>V</em><sub><em>FB</em></sub> shifts are pronounced when the HTO interlayer is positioned at the dielectric/Si or metal/dielectric interfaces, but minimal when embedded within the HfO<sub>2</sub> matrix due to the cancellation of opposite dipoles. This study establishes an effective and scalable approach to dipole modulation in high-k gate stacks, enabling precise <em>V</em><sub><em>FB</em></sub> control and EOT scaling for future low-power applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the laser-induced fabrication of conductive pathways in a technical-grade polypropylene (PP) masterbatch containing glass fibers, hollow glass microspheres, and carbon black at 10, 20, and 0.4–0.5 wt%, respectively. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were synthesised and added to the masterbatch composition, as individual or combined fillers. GNP loadings in the resulting compounds were tuned to improve mechanical properties, but not to impart significant electrical conductivity in the resulting composite materials. The different loadings (2.5 wt% GNPs, 2.5 wt% GO or 2.5 wt% GO with 1.5 wt% GNPs, respectively) were confirmed in composition by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). A beneficial effect of GNP and GO on the mechanical properties of the composite was confirmed using elongation and three-point flexural tests. Among the series of formulations, the PP composite loaded with 2.5 wt% GNPs exhibited the best mechanical properties and was selected for laser processing experiments. Laser scribing parameters, such as optical power (W) and scribing speed (mm/s), were found to significantly influence the morphology, composition, and electrical properties of laser-scribed paths. Lowest sheet resistance (0.3 Ohm/sq) values were achieved with high laser power and low writing speeds. Morphological, compositional, and structural analyses of the scribed paths were conducted using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and micro-Raman spectroscopy. These analyses revealed that the scribed tracks were not homogeneous in composition, containing isolated graphene sheets and an accumulation layer of carbon black (CB) covering the entire irradiated path. Interestingly, the glass fibers and hollow glass microspheres provided a good support for the accumulation of carbon black along the laser irradiated paths. More interestingly, this accumulation layer of agglomerated CB was found to provide a continuous conductive network for effective electron transport. We also explored the capabilities of these laser-scribed tracks to transmit electrical signals, assessing their performance in comparison to standard USB cables. Our findings indicate that the laser-scribed tracks achieved comparable latency and data transfer rates to traditional USB cables. Moreover, no errors were observed during data transfer, and the phase correlation necessary for serial communication was preserved. These results demonstrate that laser-scribed tracks can reliably support data transfer operations, offering a simple route of embedding components through CO2 laser irradiation processing. By laser-treating a rectangular area, we also fabricated a polymer-based electric heater with high thermal homogeneity and a linear voltage-temperature dependence.
{"title":"Low latency, electrically conductive path for low-power electronics, obtained by laser sintering of carbon-enhanced polypropylene composites","authors":"Elio Sarotto , Alessandra Scidà , Enrico Ferro Demarchi , Alessandro Damin , Gianluca Deninno , Mauro Francesco Sgroi , Julio Gomez , Valentina Brunella , Emanuele Treossi , Vincenzo Palermo , Antonino Veca , Federico Cesano","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the laser-induced fabrication of conductive pathways in a technical-grade polypropylene (PP) masterbatch containing glass fibers, hollow glass microspheres, and carbon black at 10, 20, and 0.4–0.5 wt%, respectively. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were synthesised and added to the masterbatch composition, as individual or combined fillers. GNP loadings in the resulting compounds were tuned to improve mechanical properties, but not to impart significant electrical conductivity in the resulting composite materials. The different loadings (2.5 wt% GNPs, 2.5 wt% GO or 2.5 wt% GO with 1.5 wt% GNPs, respectively) were confirmed in composition by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). A beneficial effect of GNP and GO on the mechanical properties of the composite was confirmed using elongation and three-point flexural tests. Among the series of formulations, the PP composite loaded with 2.5 wt% GNPs exhibited the best mechanical properties and was selected for laser processing experiments. Laser scribing parameters, such as optical power (W) and scribing speed (mm/s), were found to significantly influence the morphology, composition, and electrical properties of laser-scribed paths. Lowest sheet resistance (0.3 Ohm/sq) values were achieved with high laser power and low writing speeds. Morphological, compositional, and structural analyses of the scribed paths were conducted using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and micro-Raman spectroscopy. These analyses revealed that the scribed tracks were not homogeneous in composition, containing isolated graphene sheets and an accumulation layer of carbon black (CB) covering the entire irradiated path. Interestingly, the glass fibers and hollow glass microspheres provided a good support for the accumulation of carbon black along the laser irradiated paths. More interestingly, this accumulation layer of agglomerated CB was found to provide a continuous conductive network for effective electron transport. We also explored the capabilities of these laser-scribed tracks to transmit electrical signals, assessing their performance in comparison to standard USB cables. Our findings indicate that the laser-scribed tracks achieved comparable latency and data transfer rates to traditional USB cables. Moreover, no errors were observed during data transfer, and the phase correlation necessary for serial communication was preserved. These results demonstrate that laser-scribed tracks can reliably support data transfer operations, offering a simple route of embedding components through CO<sub>2</sub> laser irradiation processing. By laser-treating a rectangular area, we also fabricated a polymer-based electric heater with high thermal homogeneity and a linear voltage-temperature dependence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119204"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号