El Moustapha Elhaj-Maham, Babacar Diouf, El Hadji Babacar Ly, Moise Manga
Natural fibers have garnered considerable attention from researchers and academics alike due to their eco-friendly nature and sustainability. These fibers are being explored for their potential use in polymer composites. The use of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composite materials is rapidly increasing in both industrial and fundamental research applications due to their renewable, low, and biodegradable properties. In order to reduce the CO2 emissions, the building energy consumption and preserve the natural sand. The present study involved conducting an analysis of the results obtained from the experimental investigation where five mixtures of typha fiber sand, and cement (MHC0, MHC5, MHC10, MHC15 and MHC20)) were utilized to make Typha-concrete. The experimental mixtures being examined and the results indicate that the density of the samples diminishes in proportion to the incorporation of typha fiber, while the thermal conductivity is enhanced. In addition, the characteristics of lightweight structures can be attributed to the generated specimens, which have been determined by their documented compressive strength. Based on the results of RILEM's functional classification analysis, it can be concluded that Typha-concrete meets the mechanical and thermal requirements of construction materials, making it a feasible option for both structural and insulating concrete applications.
{"title":"Study of the Physic-Mechanical Properties of a Typha Concrete Composites: A Possible New Material for Sustainable Construction","authors":"El Moustapha Elhaj-Maham, Babacar Diouf, El Hadji Babacar Ly, Moise Manga","doi":"10.4028/p-bxp2lf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-bxp2lf","url":null,"abstract":"Natural fibers have garnered considerable attention from researchers and academics alike due to their eco-friendly nature and sustainability. These fibers are being explored for their potential use in polymer composites. The use of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composite materials is rapidly increasing in both industrial and fundamental research applications due to their renewable, low, and biodegradable properties. In order to reduce the CO2 emissions, the building energy consumption and preserve the natural sand. The present study involved conducting an analysis of the results obtained from the experimental investigation where five mixtures of typha fiber sand, and cement (MHC0, MHC5, MHC10, MHC15 and MHC20)) were utilized to make Typha-concrete. The experimental mixtures being examined and the results indicate that the density of the samples diminishes in proportion to the incorporation of typha fiber, while the thermal conductivity is enhanced. In addition, the characteristics of lightweight structures can be attributed to the generated specimens, which have been determined by their documented compressive strength. Based on the results of RILEM's functional classification analysis, it can be concluded that Typha-concrete meets the mechanical and thermal requirements of construction materials, making it a feasible option for both structural and insulating concrete applications.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"44 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141113522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study examined the properties of bleached Schoutenia ovata Korth Fiber (SF) for prospective application in composite reinforcement. .The characterization of SF was done using FTIR and SEM-EDS techniques to examine the morphology of SF following treatment with NaOH and various concentrations of NaClO. The treatment improved the interaction between the fiber and the composite matrix. As a result, fibers require bleaching before they may be processed further.
{"title":"The Effect of Bleaching Variation on Schoutenia Ovata Korth Fiber as a Composite Reinforcement","authors":"A. Andoko, Riduwan Prasetya","doi":"10.4028/p-55sktf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-55sktf","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the properties of bleached Schoutenia ovata Korth Fiber (SF) for prospective application in composite reinforcement. .The characterization of SF was done using FTIR and SEM-EDS techniques to examine the morphology of SF following treatment with NaOH and various concentrations of NaClO. The treatment improved the interaction between the fiber and the composite matrix. As a result, fibers require bleaching before they may be processed further.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"78 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141114019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tri Haryanto Soleh Atmaja, L. A. Safitri, P. Rupajati, A. Baskoro
This study explores the optimization of Micro Friction Stir Spot Welding (mFSSW) by investigating the influence of tool profiles on welding outcomes, using aluminum alloy AA1100 with a 0.42 mm thickness as the specimen material. Monitoring temperature and RPM during welding with thermocouples and tachometers, mechanical properties are assessed through tensile shear tests, microhardness measurements, and macrostructural observations. The findings serve as the basis for developing Neural Network models using Rapidminer software, marking a transformative development that positions Neural Networks as potent tools for optimizing welding processes, potentially leading to achieving optimal weld quality. The investigation also delves into three welding tool configurations – the two-stage pin, one-stage pin, and pinless mFSSW probes – highlighting their distinct impacts on tensile shear test values and overall welding quality. Notably, the two-stage pin configuration emphasizes the significance of larger pin diameters and controlled heat generation for enhanced weld strength, while the one-stage pin configuration underscores the pivotal role of pin diameter and elevated temperatures in improving weld quality. The pinless mFSSW probe configuration, on the other hand, emphasizes the importance of shoulder diameter and temperature control for superior tensile shear test results. Leveraging Neural Network modeling for optimization, this study advances our understanding of parameter interactions and underscores the efficacy of Neural Networks in achieving superior tensile shear test values and welding quality in mFSSW, offering valuable insights for future endeavors in the field..
{"title":"Optimizing Micro Friction Stir Spot Welding (mFSSW) of Aluminum Alloy AA1100 Using Neural Network Model","authors":"Tri Haryanto Soleh Atmaja, L. A. Safitri, P. Rupajati, A. Baskoro","doi":"10.4028/p-bbosi6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-bbosi6","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the optimization of Micro Friction Stir Spot Welding (mFSSW) by investigating the influence of tool profiles on welding outcomes, using aluminum alloy AA1100 with a 0.42 mm thickness as the specimen material. Monitoring temperature and RPM during welding with thermocouples and tachometers, mechanical properties are assessed through tensile shear tests, microhardness measurements, and macrostructural observations. The findings serve as the basis for developing Neural Network models using Rapidminer software, marking a transformative development that positions Neural Networks as potent tools for optimizing welding processes, potentially leading to achieving optimal weld quality. The investigation also delves into three welding tool configurations – the two-stage pin, one-stage pin, and pinless mFSSW probes – highlighting their distinct impacts on tensile shear test values and overall welding quality. Notably, the two-stage pin configuration emphasizes the significance of larger pin diameters and controlled heat generation for enhanced weld strength, while the one-stage pin configuration underscores the pivotal role of pin diameter and elevated temperatures in improving weld quality. The pinless mFSSW probe configuration, on the other hand, emphasizes the importance of shoulder diameter and temperature control for superior tensile shear test results. Leveraging Neural Network modeling for optimization, this study advances our understanding of parameter interactions and underscores the efficacy of Neural Networks in achieving superior tensile shear test values and welding quality in mFSSW, offering valuable insights for future endeavors in the field..","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141114464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margono Margono, D. Darmadi, T. D. Widodo, Suprapto Suprapto, T. Sujitno, Muhammad Kozin
Titanium Nitride coating has attracted much interest in increasing the hardness of aluminum alloys. This study aims to investigate the effect of Ar: N gas mixture and time on increasing the hardness of aluminum alloys using DC sputtering. Preparation of TiN thin films on aluminum alloy substrates using flowing gas mixture parameters and time. First, the layer of TiN was deposited on the sample with a gas mixture of 90Ar:10N; 80Ar:20N; 70Ar:30N; and 60Ar:40N (%) for 60 minutes. Then the optimum gas mixture that produces the highest surface hardness is used in the second process with time variations of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. The results showed that the highest hardness was achieved in a gas mixture of 70Ar:30N and 60 minutes. The TiN phase formed on the aluminum surface was identified by XRD, while the surface morphology was observed by SEM. Compared with untreated samples, the hardness of treated samples increased significantly.
氮化钛涂层在提高铝合金硬度方面备受关注。本研究旨在探讨 Ar：N 混合气体和时间对使用直流溅射提高铝合金硬度的影响。利用流动混合气体参数和时间在铝合金基底上制备 TiN 薄膜。首先，在 90Ar:10N、80Ar:20N、70Ar:30N 和 60Ar:40N（%）的混合气体中将 TiN 层沉积在样品上 60 分钟。然后在第二道工序中使用产生最高表面硬度的最佳混合气体，时间分别为 30、60、90 和 120 分钟。结果表明，70Ar:30N 的混合气体和 60 分钟的时间可产生最高的硬度。铝表面形成的 TiN 相是通过 XRD 确定的，而表面形貌则是通过 SEM 观察的。与未处理的样品相比，处理后样品的硬度明显提高。
{"title":"Hardness and Microstructure of TiN Coating on Aluminum Alloy with DC Sputtering","authors":"Margono Margono, D. Darmadi, T. D. Widodo, Suprapto Suprapto, T. Sujitno, Muhammad Kozin","doi":"10.4028/p-2clvvz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-2clvvz","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium Nitride coating has attracted much interest in increasing the hardness of aluminum alloys. This study aims to investigate the effect of Ar: N gas mixture and time on increasing the hardness of aluminum alloys using DC sputtering. Preparation of TiN thin films on aluminum alloy substrates using flowing gas mixture parameters and time. First, the layer of TiN was deposited on the sample with a gas mixture of 90Ar:10N; 80Ar:20N; 70Ar:30N; and 60Ar:40N (%) for 60 minutes. Then the optimum gas mixture that produces the highest surface hardness is used in the second process with time variations of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. The results showed that the highest hardness was achieved in a gas mixture of 70Ar:30N and 60 minutes. The TiN phase formed on the aluminum surface was identified by XRD, while the surface morphology was observed by SEM. Compared with untreated samples, the hardness of treated samples increased significantly.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"62 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141116937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Casting is one of the most commonly used manufacturing method for geometrically complex product. Among the casting technologies, sand casting is often found in application. Beside the advantages of the sand-casting process, it also has a drawback that is often encountered, namely product defects. Product defects can be caused by a lack of attention to sand casting parameters. This work aims to minimize those defects, including porosity defects, shrinkage defects and incomplete defects by optimizing process parameters using the Taguchi method. The identified sand-casting process parameters include gating location, riser location, molding conditions and pouring temperature with each parameter consisting of 3 levels. This research using the fractional factorial L9 (34). Data processing is carried out by analysis of mean (ANOM) to obtain plot effects. The results showed that the optimal combination of parameters that resulted in shrinkage, porosity and minimal incomplete defects were at gating location level 2, riser location level 1, mold condition level 2 and pouring temperature level 3. The results of the comparison before and after optimization were an increase of 0.77, where previously it was 1.30 to 2.07 based on normalized data.
{"title":"Parameter Design of Sand Casting to Minimize Shrinkage Defects, Porosity Defects and Incomplete Defects","authors":"Syah Rizal Muzaqqi, S. Suprayitno, Y. Pradana","doi":"10.4028/p-ck89wq","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ck89wq","url":null,"abstract":"Casting is one of the most commonly used manufacturing method for geometrically complex product. Among the casting technologies, sand casting is often found in application. Beside the advantages of the sand-casting process, it also has a drawback that is often encountered, namely product defects. Product defects can be caused by a lack of attention to sand casting parameters. This work aims to minimize those defects, including porosity defects, shrinkage defects and incomplete defects by optimizing process parameters using the Taguchi method. The identified sand-casting process parameters include gating location, riser location, molding conditions and pouring temperature with each parameter consisting of 3 levels. This research using the fractional factorial L9 (34). Data processing is carried out by analysis of mean (ANOM) to obtain plot effects. The results showed that the optimal combination of parameters that resulted in shrinkage, porosity and minimal incomplete defects were at gating location level 2, riser location level 1, mold condition level 2 and pouring temperature level 3. The results of the comparison before and after optimization were an increase of 0.77, where previously it was 1.30 to 2.07 based on normalized data.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141113882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anaerobic digestion or anaerobic digestion is a biological process of degradation of organic matter in an anaerobic environment. It involves the degradation and stabilization of complex organic matter by a consortium of micro-organisms leading to methane-rich biogas that can be used as an alternative energy to fossil fuels. In addition, the use of biogas allows for the preservation of the environment and the sustainable development of rural areas and landlocked regions, as well as the diversification of energy resources, but also contributes to the development of agriculture through the production of organic fertilizer. In 2018, Senegal was ranked as the 15th world exporter of cashew nuts with a production of around 18,000 tons per year according to a study by PADEC (Support Program for the Development of Casamance). Four regions mainly invest in it: Kolda, Ziguinchor, Sédhiou, and Fatick. However, in the natural region of Casamance ( Kolda, Ziguinchor, and Sédhiou), each year, after the cashew nut campaign, more than 342,000 tons of cashew apples, pressed or not, are rejected without any recovery, thus degrading in the environment. In addition, rice is traditionally grown in Casamance and in some Diola circles, it had become one of the criteria of wealth, which explains why it occupied most of the cultivated areas and each year thousands of tons of rice husk are burned for elimination/reduction without any recovery. These immense annual productions of waste, without any recovery, in a context dominated by a deficit in cooking and lighting energy constitutes a form of energy resilience and motivates us to study the co-digestion of the rice husk (with a report of C/N equal to 101.317) on cashew apple pulp (having a C/N ratio of 23.201 ). The study of the co-digestion of rice husk and apple pulp at the laboratory scale with the inoculum reveals, that the co-digestion with pH correction contains 39.40% methane and 51.50% carbon dioxide after 49 days of production and 64.04% methane (CH4) and 25.86% carbon dioxide (CO2) on the 96th day. For co-digestion without adjustment, production stopped on the 49th day with a production of 23.68% methane and 45.65% carbon dioxide.
{"title":"Optimization of the Co-Production between the Rice Husk and the Pulp of the Cashew Apple Produced in the Natural Region of Casamance","authors":"Omar Kata Faye, P. B. Himbane, L. Ndiaye","doi":"10.4028/p-k8uyif","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-k8uyif","url":null,"abstract":"Anaerobic digestion or anaerobic digestion is a biological process of degradation of organic matter in an anaerobic environment. It involves the degradation and stabilization of complex organic matter by a consortium of micro-organisms leading to methane-rich biogas that can be used as an alternative energy to fossil fuels. In addition, the use of biogas allows for the preservation of the environment and the sustainable development of rural areas and landlocked regions, as well as the diversification of energy resources, but also contributes to the development of agriculture through the production of organic fertilizer. In 2018, Senegal was ranked as the 15th world exporter of cashew nuts with a production of around 18,000 tons per year according to a study by PADEC (Support Program for the Development of Casamance). Four regions mainly invest in it: Kolda, Ziguinchor, Sédhiou, and Fatick. However, in the natural region of Casamance ( Kolda, Ziguinchor, and Sédhiou), each year, after the cashew nut campaign, more than 342,000 tons of cashew apples, pressed or not, are rejected without any recovery, thus degrading in the environment. In addition, rice is traditionally grown in Casamance and in some Diola circles, it had become one of the criteria of wealth, which explains why it occupied most of the cultivated areas and each year thousands of tons of rice husk are burned for elimination/reduction without any recovery. These immense annual productions of waste, without any recovery, in a context dominated by a deficit in cooking and lighting energy constitutes a form of energy resilience and motivates us to study the co-digestion of the rice husk (with a report of C/N equal to 101.317) on cashew apple pulp (having a C/N ratio of 23.201 ). The study of the co-digestion of rice husk and apple pulp at the laboratory scale with the inoculum reveals, that the co-digestion with pH correction contains 39.40% methane and 51.50% carbon dioxide after 49 days of production and 64.04% methane (CH4) and 25.86% carbon dioxide (CO2) on the 96th day. For co-digestion without adjustment, production stopped on the 49th day with a production of 23.68% methane and 45.65% carbon dioxide.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141117384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Fahmi Ardiansyah, L. A. Safitri, P. Rupajati, A. Baskoro
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is an innovative technique that enhances the conventional method of joining metals. Notably ecofriendly due to its energy efficiency, FSW involves minimal energy input, reduces pollution, and saves time and costs. It finds applications in diverse sectors such as automotive, aerospace, and industry. Each material requires specific process parameters, which leads to this study focusing on identifying suitable parameters for AA7075 aluminum with a 6mm thickness. Using a tool featuring a tapered cylindrical thread pin and a flat shoulder, the study aims to investigate the influence of FSW process parameters, rotation speed, and traverse speed on the mechanical strength of butt joint connections. The study's experimental design varies these parameters and evaluates the joints through tensile strength testing, hardness testing, and macrostructural analysis. Utilizing Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the data highlights the impact of rotation and traverse speed on tensile strength. Hardness test results present variations within heat zones, analyzing the effects of the mentioned variables. The findings demonstrate minimal flash and successful surface outcomes but also identify wormholes within the stir zone (SZ). Tensile strength testing reveals a definite correlation between RPM and traverse speed with joint strength. In contrast, hardness testing indicates that these parameters do not significantly affect joint hardness. Macrostructure examination suggests RPM and traverse speed have negligible effects on the heat-affected zone. In conclusion, FSW presents a sustainable and effective welding approach with implications for multiple industries, and this research provides insights into optimizing its parameters for specific aluminum materials.
{"title":"The Effect of Friction Stir Weld (FSW) Process Parameters on Tensile Strength, Macro Structure, and Hardness in Results of AA7075 Butt Joints","authors":"Muhammad Fahmi Ardiansyah, L. A. Safitri, P. Rupajati, A. Baskoro","doi":"10.4028/p-elhs5v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-elhs5v","url":null,"abstract":"Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is an innovative technique that enhances the conventional method of joining metals. Notably ecofriendly due to its energy efficiency, FSW involves minimal energy input, reduces pollution, and saves time and costs. It finds applications in diverse sectors such as automotive, aerospace, and industry. Each material requires specific process parameters, which leads to this study focusing on identifying suitable parameters for AA7075 aluminum with a 6mm thickness. Using a tool featuring a tapered cylindrical thread pin and a flat shoulder, the study aims to investigate the influence of FSW process parameters, rotation speed, and traverse speed on the mechanical strength of butt joint connections. The study's experimental design varies these parameters and evaluates the joints through tensile strength testing, hardness testing, and macrostructural analysis. Utilizing Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the data highlights the impact of rotation and traverse speed on tensile strength. Hardness test results present variations within heat zones, analyzing the effects of the mentioned variables. The findings demonstrate minimal flash and successful surface outcomes but also identify wormholes within the stir zone (SZ). Tensile strength testing reveals a definite correlation between RPM and traverse speed with joint strength. In contrast, hardness testing indicates that these parameters do not significantly affect joint hardness. Macrostructure examination suggests RPM and traverse speed have negligible effects on the heat-affected zone. In conclusion, FSW presents a sustainable and effective welding approach with implications for multiple industries, and this research provides insights into optimizing its parameters for specific aluminum materials.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141113067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Youssef Ben Smail, Fatima Lmai, A. El Moumen, A. Imad
The production of the jute fibers and yarns in enormous amounts and their use in different fields requires an overall comprehension of the evolution of their performance during their use and before their end life. Exposing the jute yarns to the extreme environmental conditions, such as high humidity, severe weathering, severe environments, freezing environments and others can degrade the mechanical properties jute yarns. Besides, the use of these jute yarns on the appropriate applications immersed in normal water may be accelerated them to reach their end-of-life. In this work, the thermal and mechanical properties of the jute yarns immersed in normal water for different duration were evaluated. This environmental condition was selected owing to the high probability to the exposing of yarns to the immersing in normal water on outdoors which affect their performance. The thermal stability of the jute yarns was effectuated in order to explain the chemical and physical changers occurred and linked to the mechanical properties. Results show that the mechanical properties of the jute yarns degraded by along immersion in water compared to the raw one. The tensile stress and the tensile modulus are dropped by 47 % (from 52 to 28 MPa) and 46 % (from 2.28 to 1.24 GPa), respectively for the samples immersed in water along duration (9 months) compared to the raw samples. Besides, the thermal stability of the immersed samples shows that there are no significant changes except a slight high residue for the immersed ones.
{"title":"Normal Water Effect on the Thermal and the Mechanical Properties of Jute Yarns","authors":"Youssef Ben Smail, Fatima Lmai, A. El Moumen, A. Imad","doi":"10.4028/p-8raupz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-8raupz","url":null,"abstract":"The production of the jute fibers and yarns in enormous amounts and their use in different fields requires an overall comprehension of the evolution of their performance during their use and before their end life. Exposing the jute yarns to the extreme environmental conditions, such as high humidity, severe weathering, severe environments, freezing environments and others can degrade the mechanical properties jute yarns. Besides, the use of these jute yarns on the appropriate applications immersed in normal water may be accelerated them to reach their end-of-life. In this work, the thermal and mechanical properties of the jute yarns immersed in normal water for different duration were evaluated. This environmental condition was selected owing to the high probability to the exposing of yarns to the immersing in normal water on outdoors which affect their performance. The thermal stability of the jute yarns was effectuated in order to explain the chemical and physical changers occurred and linked to the mechanical properties. Results show that the mechanical properties of the jute yarns degraded by along immersion in water compared to the raw one. The tensile stress and the tensile modulus are dropped by 47 % (from 52 to 28 MPa) and 46 % (from 2.28 to 1.24 GPa), respectively for the samples immersed in water along duration (9 months) compared to the raw samples. Besides, the thermal stability of the immersed samples shows that there are no significant changes except a slight high residue for the immersed ones.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"131 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141114915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PMMA is used in dentistry as the main matrix for denture manufacture. Dentures are a substitute for natural human teeth which must have mechanical properties and are biocompatible to withstand mastication in the oral cavity. However, PMMA has poor mechanical properties, so it is necessary to add filler to the PMMA matrix. In this study zirconium oxide (ZrO2) was used as a filler because it has good mechanical properties and aesthetics. The aim of this study was to study the effect of adding ZrO2 filler on the hardness and compatibility of denture composites at concentrations ( 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%). The bulk composite polymerization method used in the manufacture of dental composites is by mixing powdered materials in the form of PMMA, BPO as an initiator, and ZrO2 filler which has been silanized with liquid materials in the form of MMA monomer and cross-linking agent Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate (EGDMA). Mixing powder liquid in this method uses hand mixing in a stainless steel container until it reaches the dough phase and is packed into a mold according to ASTM for Vickers hardness tests. Heat cured polymerization technique was used for the curing process in a water bath at 74°C for 90 minutes and continued at 100°C for 30 minutes. The results obtained in this study, the addition of ZrO2 filler to a concentration of 5% showed an increase in the hardness value up to 37.6 VHN. Keywords: Denture Teeth, Composite Bulk Polymerization, Heat cured Polymerization, Zirconium Oxide
{"title":"Effect of Silanized Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) Filler on Hardness of Acrylic-Based Denture Teeth","authors":"Hubbi Hikmatu Ilma, Fahri Raihan Ashary, Fachri Kurniawan Asghar, Ardista Izdhihar Kaloka, B. Airlangga, Sumarno Sumarno","doi":"10.4028/p-s4kb7u","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-s4kb7u","url":null,"abstract":"PMMA is used in dentistry as the main matrix for denture manufacture. Dentures are a substitute for natural human teeth which must have mechanical properties and are biocompatible to withstand mastication in the oral cavity. However, PMMA has poor mechanical properties, so it is necessary to add filler to the PMMA matrix. In this study zirconium oxide (ZrO2) was used as a filler because it has good mechanical properties and aesthetics. The aim of this study was to study the effect of adding ZrO2 filler on the hardness and compatibility of denture composites at concentrations ( 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%). The bulk composite polymerization method used in the manufacture of dental composites is by mixing powdered materials in the form of PMMA, BPO as an initiator, and ZrO2 filler which has been silanized with liquid materials in the form of MMA monomer and cross-linking agent Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate (EGDMA). Mixing powder liquid in this method uses hand mixing in a stainless steel container until it reaches the dough phase and is packed into a mold according to ASTM for Vickers hardness tests. Heat cured polymerization technique was used for the curing process in a water bath at 74°C for 90 minutes and continued at 100°C for 30 minutes. The results obtained in this study, the addition of ZrO2 filler to a concentration of 5% showed an increase in the hardness value up to 37.6 VHN. Keywords: Denture Teeth, Composite Bulk Polymerization, Heat cured Polymerization, Zirconium Oxide","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"45 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141113789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahamane Nassirou Amadou Kiari, Affoué Tindo Sylvie Konan, Ousmaila Sanda Mamane, H. Koné, Guy Didier Fanou, Maâzou Siragi Dounounou Boukari, Maman Hamissou Ibrahim Grema, Maman Mousbahou Malam Alma, Kouassi Benjamin Yao
Activated carbon (AC) is an adsorbent material used for the removal of pollutants from wastewater. Unfortunately, these materials used by the industry are very expensive. This is why research is being conducted to produce low-cost activated carbons from natural biomass. The objective of this work is to study the effect of activation by orthophosphoric acid on the quality of activated carbons. The different techniques used for the characterization are: the Iodine number and the Methylene Blue Index. For activated carbons prepared in a single activation step, iodine number of 609.12 and methylene blue value of 102.48 mg/g were obtained. For those prepared in two activation steps, iodine number of 951.75 mg/g and methylene blue value of 115.14 mg/g were obtained.
{"title":"Influence of Orthophosphoric Acid Activation on the Quality of Activated Carbons","authors":"Mahamane Nassirou Amadou Kiari, Affoué Tindo Sylvie Konan, Ousmaila Sanda Mamane, H. Koné, Guy Didier Fanou, Maâzou Siragi Dounounou Boukari, Maman Hamissou Ibrahim Grema, Maman Mousbahou Malam Alma, Kouassi Benjamin Yao","doi":"10.4028/p-kd7gn9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-kd7gn9","url":null,"abstract":"Activated carbon (AC) is an adsorbent material used for the removal of pollutants from wastewater. Unfortunately, these materials used by the industry are very expensive. This is why research is being conducted to produce low-cost activated carbons from natural biomass. The objective of this work is to study the effect of activation by orthophosphoric acid on the quality of activated carbons. The different techniques used for the characterization are: the Iodine number and the Methylene Blue Index. For activated carbons prepared in a single activation step, iodine number of 609.12 and methylene blue value of 102.48 mg/g were obtained. For those prepared in two activation steps, iodine number of 951.75 mg/g and methylene blue value of 115.14 mg/g were obtained.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141117512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：