In this work, the effect of the maximum particle size and the molar concentration of the alkaline hardening solution on the mechanical response in uniaxial compression of geopolymeric mortars manufactured from the geopolymerization of Peruvian mine tailings dust was evaluated. The mechanical results found showed that the average mechanical resistance increased as the molar concentration of the hardening solution increased from 10 to 15M, on the other hand, it was possible to verify that as the particle size of sand and mine tailings is greater, the mechanical resistance values increased. The mechanical data found are in good agreement with the porosity results, that is, as the porosity values increased, the mechanical resistance gradually decreased. The stiffness values reported in the studied geopolymeric mortars showed a slight increase when the values of molar concentration and maximum particle size increased. All the mortars studied presented a similar microstructure, with fine sand particles dispersed within a continuous phase of geopolymer (geopolymerized mining tailings).
{"title":"Effect of Particle Size and Molarity of Hardening Solution on the Mechanical Properties of New Geopolymeric Mortars Manufactured from Mine Tailings","authors":"C. Palomino-Ñaupa, F. Huamán-Mamani","doi":"10.4028/p-jjcux5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-jjcux5","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the effect of the maximum particle size and the molar concentration of the alkaline hardening solution on the mechanical response in uniaxial compression of geopolymeric mortars manufactured from the geopolymerization of Peruvian mine tailings dust was evaluated. The mechanical results found showed that the average mechanical resistance increased as the molar concentration of the hardening solution increased from 10 to 15M, on the other hand, it was possible to verify that as the particle size of sand and mine tailings is greater, the mechanical resistance values increased. The mechanical data found are in good agreement with the porosity results, that is, as the porosity values increased, the mechanical resistance gradually decreased. The stiffness values reported in the studied geopolymeric mortars showed a slight increase when the values of molar concentration and maximum particle size increased. All the mortars studied presented a similar microstructure, with fine sand particles dispersed within a continuous phase of geopolymer (geopolymerized mining tailings).","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140263274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adityanindran Mahaindran, Xiaon Qin Meng, L. H. Tee, B. L. Chua, Kai Siang Oh
Anthocyanins are said to possess antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti-obesity effects. There is lot of emphasis placed on the improvement of the methods for extracting anthocyanins; one of which being extraction via aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS). Aqueous two-phase system is a liquid-liquid extraction method that has many benefits like easy to scale up with high recovery yield. However, ATPS also has drawbacks as it utilizes organic solvents and low biodegradability ionic liquid. In this context, Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADESs) which are inexpensive, eco-friendly can be employed in aqueous two-phase system. Thus, the purpose of this research is to explore the feasibility of NADES-ATPS in the extraction and purification of anthocyanins. This research will investigate the solubility of anthocyanins and characterize the NADESs in terms of density, viscosity, and polarity to screen out NADESs that are suitable to be used for the extraction of anthocyanins. To do this, 6 different types of NADES with different molar ration, such as 1:1,1:2 and 1:3 of hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) to hydrogen bond donor (HBD) ratio, were prepared and screened. The NADES was prepared using choline chloride as HBA, and malonic acid, lactic acid, glycerol, ascorbic acid, urea, and citric acid as HBD. The solubility of 10% anthocyanin was found in a range of 0.60×10−2 g/g to 1.81×10−2g/g. The solubility of the anthocyanins in NADES was correlated to the viscosity and polarity of the NADES where it was seen that the solubility has a positive relationship with polarity. The solubility also showed a similar trend to the viscosity however up to critical point, upon which the solvent was too viscous and was unable to be utilized in room temperature. The research concludes that malonic acid-based NADES to be the most suitable to be utilized for the extraction of anthocyanin using ATPS.
{"title":"A New Green Solvent: Synthesis and Characterization of Natural-Deep-Eutectic-Solvent (NADES) for Application on Aqueous-Two-Phase System (ATPS) for Extraction of Anthocyanin","authors":"Adityanindran Mahaindran, Xiaon Qin Meng, L. H. Tee, B. L. Chua, Kai Siang Oh","doi":"10.4028/p-mumd2p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-mumd2p","url":null,"abstract":"Anthocyanins are said to possess antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti-obesity effects. There is lot of emphasis placed on the improvement of the methods for extracting anthocyanins; one of which being extraction via aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS). Aqueous two-phase system is a liquid-liquid extraction method that has many benefits like easy to scale up with high recovery yield. However, ATPS also has drawbacks as it utilizes organic solvents and low biodegradability ionic liquid. In this context, Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADESs) which are inexpensive, eco-friendly can be employed in aqueous two-phase system. Thus, the purpose of this research is to explore the feasibility of NADES-ATPS in the extraction and purification of anthocyanins. This research will investigate the solubility of anthocyanins and characterize the NADESs in terms of density, viscosity, and polarity to screen out NADESs that are suitable to be used for the extraction of anthocyanins. To do this, 6 different types of NADES with different molar ration, such as 1:1,1:2 and 1:3 of hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) to hydrogen bond donor (HBD) ratio, were prepared and screened. The NADES was prepared using choline chloride as HBA, and malonic acid, lactic acid, glycerol, ascorbic acid, urea, and citric acid as HBD. The solubility of 10% anthocyanin was found in a range of 0.60×10−2 g/g to 1.81×10−2g/g. The solubility of the anthocyanins in NADES was correlated to the viscosity and polarity of the NADES where it was seen that the solubility has a positive relationship with polarity. The solubility also showed a similar trend to the viscosity however up to critical point, upon which the solvent was too viscous and was unable to be utilized in room temperature. The research concludes that malonic acid-based NADES to be the most suitable to be utilized for the extraction of anthocyanin using ATPS.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"74 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. S. Nisa, T. Paramitha, H. Aliwarga, H. Widiyandari, Agus Supriyanto, Rista Tristanti Kisdina, Rifdha Hendianti Kisdina, Nanda Yudi Shofi Subekti, Marcus Saputra
The technology for converting energy from sunlight (photovoltaic) has entered the third generation. The Perovskite Solar Cell (PSC) can compete with the efficiency of current silicon solar cells. However, from the commercial side, there are still obstacles due to the high price of the hole transport material. This component prevents electrons from being transferred to the anode. It also extracts and transports active layer holes to the electrode. This material can be removed since perovskite material can play a dual role. Perovskite materials can be utilized as light harvesters and hole conductors. However, the absence of one component in the PSC structure certainly affects PSC performance. Therefore, in this review, several developments of hole-transport material-free PSC are discussed regarding the type of material used. It starts from the electron transport layer, perovskite layer, and counter electrode. The TiO2 material is most often used for the electron transport layer because it can achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of >12%. Moreover, with the addition of doping, the PCE value can reach 14.06%. In addition, for the perovskite layer, with a slight modification of the MAPbI3 material, the PCE value is >16%.
{"title":"Material Perspective for Hole Transport Material-Free Perovskite Solar Cell: A Mini Review","authors":"S. S. Nisa, T. Paramitha, H. Aliwarga, H. Widiyandari, Agus Supriyanto, Rista Tristanti Kisdina, Rifdha Hendianti Kisdina, Nanda Yudi Shofi Subekti, Marcus Saputra","doi":"10.4028/p-0pbnie","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-0pbnie","url":null,"abstract":"The technology for converting energy from sunlight (photovoltaic) has entered the third generation. The Perovskite Solar Cell (PSC) can compete with the efficiency of current silicon solar cells. However, from the commercial side, there are still obstacles due to the high price of the hole transport material. This component prevents electrons from being transferred to the anode. It also extracts and transports active layer holes to the electrode. This material can be removed since perovskite material can play a dual role. Perovskite materials can be utilized as light harvesters and hole conductors. However, the absence of one component in the PSC structure certainly affects PSC performance. Therefore, in this review, several developments of hole-transport material-free PSC are discussed regarding the type of material used. It starts from the electron transport layer, perovskite layer, and counter electrode. The TiO2 material is most often used for the electron transport layer because it can achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of >12%. Moreover, with the addition of doping, the PCE value can reach 14.06%. In addition, for the perovskite layer, with a slight modification of the MAPbI3 material, the PCE value is >16%.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"10 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138943875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extensive research has been conducted on fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites, which have demonstrated superior mechanical properties compared to their individual components. In order to add on to current research trends, the use of ground coffee waste (GCW) and Luffa fibers reinforced polyethylene (PE) composites were fabricated to produce a hybrid natural FRP composite. Tensile testing of the composite indicates that the optimum fiber volume to be between 15% and 35%, as the tensile strength exhibited 9.32 MPa and 8.75 MPa, respectively. Similarly, the tensile modulus of the fabricated composite peaked at 25% with 238 MPa, then declined to 173 MPa at 35%. This indicates that the fibers effectively reinforce the polymer matrix, but once the composite reaches its optimal fiber volume, a decrease in both tensile strength and tensile modulus is observed. The reduction in tensile properties can be attributed to an uneven distribution of load-bearing capacity throughout the composite, as the fibers are no longer able to fully support the matrix once the optimal fiber volume is reached. The specific tensile strength and specific tensile modulus also shows that with the inclusion of Luffa fiber and GCW microfiber contributed to a lighter weight composite. In a nutshell, the hybrid composite fabricated using 25% fiber volume exhibited a tensile strength almost similar to its neat matrix counterpart, though has a noteworthy value in terms of its tensile modulus. The hybrid composite can be as strong in terms of tensile strength, but far more significant in its rigidity, in comparison to the neat polyethylene laminate. Therefore, it showed that the hybrid natural Luffa/GCW FRP has the potential in the engineering industry, such as lightweight furniture, household appliances, automotive parts, and other composite engineering applications.
{"title":"Tensile Properties Characterisation of Hybrid Luffa/GCW Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite","authors":"Mohd Khairul Afiq, H. Kuan, Mohamad Zaki Hassan","doi":"10.4028/p-tw3ujj","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-tw3ujj","url":null,"abstract":"Extensive research has been conducted on fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites, which have demonstrated superior mechanical properties compared to their individual components. In order to add on to current research trends, the use of ground coffee waste (GCW) and Luffa fibers reinforced polyethylene (PE) composites were fabricated to produce a hybrid natural FRP composite. Tensile testing of the composite indicates that the optimum fiber volume to be between 15% and 35%, as the tensile strength exhibited 9.32 MPa and 8.75 MPa, respectively. Similarly, the tensile modulus of the fabricated composite peaked at 25% with 238 MPa, then declined to 173 MPa at 35%. This indicates that the fibers effectively reinforce the polymer matrix, but once the composite reaches its optimal fiber volume, a decrease in both tensile strength and tensile modulus is observed. The reduction in tensile properties can be attributed to an uneven distribution of load-bearing capacity throughout the composite, as the fibers are no longer able to fully support the matrix once the optimal fiber volume is reached. The specific tensile strength and specific tensile modulus also shows that with the inclusion of Luffa fiber and GCW microfiber contributed to a lighter weight composite. In a nutshell, the hybrid composite fabricated using 25% fiber volume exhibited a tensile strength almost similar to its neat matrix counterpart, though has a noteworthy value in terms of its tensile modulus. The hybrid composite can be as strong in terms of tensile strength, but far more significant in its rigidity, in comparison to the neat polyethylene laminate. Therefore, it showed that the hybrid natural Luffa/GCW FRP has the potential in the engineering industry, such as lightweight furniture, household appliances, automotive parts, and other composite engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138943966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tea dregs are usually discarded and increase the landfill problem, even though it still contains some fibers that might be used as an alternative fiber source for biodegradable packaging bowl (BPB) production. A novel BPB from tea dregs reinforced with starch and poly (lactic acid) (PLA) was produced in this study by subjecting the mixture to a compression molding with a bowl shape. Tea dregs, starch, and PLA in the ratio of 50:30:20 resulted in the best appearance and highest value of the mechanical properties. Properties improvements with plasticizers, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and PLA coating were performed sequentially in the best product ratio, significantly affecting appearance, mechanical, and water absorption properties. Adding sorbitol 5pph, MCC 3pph, and coating with 6% PLA solution improved the product's properties most effectively. These improvements resulted in the best appearance, higher compressive strength, higher hardness value, and lower water absorption. This study concluded that tea dregs could be used as an alternative fiber source in the production of BPB. The addition of plasticizer, MCC, and PLA coating at the optimum concentration can be conducted for the properties improvement of BPB.
{"title":"Development and Properties Improvement of Tea Dregs-Based Biodegradable Packaging Formulated with Starch and Poly(Lactic Acid)","authors":"Sulkhan Windrayahya, Yudi Pranoto, T. Wittaya","doi":"10.4028/p-mptn9p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-mptn9p","url":null,"abstract":"Tea dregs are usually discarded and increase the landfill problem, even though it still contains some fibers that might be used as an alternative fiber source for biodegradable packaging bowl (BPB) production. A novel BPB from tea dregs reinforced with starch and poly (lactic acid) (PLA) was produced in this study by subjecting the mixture to a compression molding with a bowl shape. Tea dregs, starch, and PLA in the ratio of 50:30:20 resulted in the best appearance and highest value of the mechanical properties. Properties improvements with plasticizers, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and PLA coating were performed sequentially in the best product ratio, significantly affecting appearance, mechanical, and water absorption properties. Adding sorbitol 5pph, MCC 3pph, and coating with 6% PLA solution improved the product's properties most effectively. These improvements resulted in the best appearance, higher compressive strength, higher hardness value, and lower water absorption. This study concluded that tea dregs could be used as an alternative fiber source in the production of BPB. The addition of plasticizer, MCC, and PLA coating at the optimum concentration can be conducted for the properties improvement of BPB.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"5 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138944817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Areca husk fibre is an agro-waste natural fibre that can be used in reinforced resin composites due to its low density, low cost and higher mechanical strength. Hard composites have applications in the packing industry and automobile industries. Over the years, researchers have been trying to develop lightweight, cheaper and efficient materials for them in daily life. In the present study, the Shore-D hardness level of chemically surface-modified unripe and ripe Areca Husk Fiber (AHF) reinforced polyester resin composites have been investigated. The unripe and ripe AHF are chemically treated through mercerization, potassium permanganate treatment, benzoylation, acrylation and acetylation methodologies to change their fibre-matrix bonding ability. The composites of chemically treated unripe and ripe AHF-reinforced polyester resin composites are fabricated, polyester resin as matrix material and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKPO) as a hardener. The Shore-D analysis was carried out to study the hardness properties of the composites. In conclusion, The acrylation treated AHF polyester resin composite shows a better harness among the other chemically treatments. Although, the fibre maturity of AHF increases the composite hardness except for benzoylation and acetylation chemical treatments. AHF-reinforced polyester resins can be used as hard materials in various applications such as automobile sectors, the packaging industry and more.
{"title":"A Study on Shore D Hardness of Areca Husk Fibre Reinforced Polyester Resin Composite: Impact of Fibre Maturity","authors":"G. Chethan, K.C. Sunil, M. Maddani, Y. Narayana","doi":"10.4028/p-inpop0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-inpop0","url":null,"abstract":"Areca husk fibre is an agro-waste natural fibre that can be used in reinforced resin composites due to its low density, low cost and higher mechanical strength. Hard composites have applications in the packing industry and automobile industries. Over the years, researchers have been trying to develop lightweight, cheaper and efficient materials for them in daily life. In the present study, the Shore-D hardness level of chemically surface-modified unripe and ripe Areca Husk Fiber (AHF) reinforced polyester resin composites have been investigated. The unripe and ripe AHF are chemically treated through mercerization, potassium permanganate treatment, benzoylation, acrylation and acetylation methodologies to change their fibre-matrix bonding ability. The composites of chemically treated unripe and ripe AHF-reinforced polyester resin composites are fabricated, polyester resin as matrix material and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKPO) as a hardener. The Shore-D analysis was carried out to study the hardness properties of the composites. In conclusion, The acrylation treated AHF polyester resin composite shows a better harness among the other chemically treatments. Although, the fibre maturity of AHF increases the composite hardness except for benzoylation and acetylation chemical treatments. AHF-reinforced polyester resins can be used as hard materials in various applications such as automobile sectors, the packaging industry and more.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138947534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have gained popularity and the attention of numerous researchers in recent times because of their benefits. The separator membrane is one of the most important parts of the LIB. Separator membranes are made of polymeric materials, one of which is cellulose acetate (CA). In this study, we synthesize CA from corn husk. There are 2 methodological ways in this study, namely the synthesis of CA which consists of delignification and acetylation, and fabrication of PVDF/ CA/ Nanoclay electrolyte membrane with variation of CA PVDF (0%:100, 10%: 90%, 20%: 80%, 30%: 70%, 50%: 50%). The synthesis of CA from corn husk exhibits XRD results which were comparable to the peak of commercial CA. Meanwhile, the PVDF/ CA-Nanoclay-based separator membrane with the composition of 50% PVDF and 50% CA had the best characterization results with an electrolyte uptake value of 139.649% and a porosity value of 79.11%. Based on the attained results, the CA extracted from corn husk in this study is applicable to use for the fabrication of electrolyte membrane.
近来，可充电锂离子电池（LIB）因其优点而受到众多研究人员的青睐和关注。隔膜是锂离子电池最重要的部件之一。分离膜由聚合物材料制成，醋酸纤维素（CA）就是其中之一。在本研究中，我们从玉米皮中合成了 CA。本研究采用了两种方法，即由脱木素和乙酰化组成的 CA 合成法，以及以不同的 CA PVDF（0%:100、10%:90%、20%:80%、30%:70%、50%:50%）制备 PVDF/ CA/ Nanoclay 电解质膜。从玉米皮中合成的 CA 的 XRD 结果与商用 CA 的峰值相当。同时，50% PVDF 和 50% CA 组成的 PVDF/ CA-Nanoclay 基分离膜的表征结果最好，电解质吸收值为 139.649%，孔隙率为 79.11%。根据所得结果，本研究中从玉米皮中提取的 CA 适用于电解质膜的制造。
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Acetate Membrane from Corn (Zea mays) Husk as Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolyte Membrane","authors":"E. Dyartanti, Fairuz Yasmin Majid, Visista Mahisi Adriari, Diyan Wahyu Widodo, Sukma Budi Utomo Albuni","doi":"10.4028/p-7hdm9m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-7hdm9m","url":null,"abstract":"Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have gained popularity and the attention of numerous researchers in recent times because of their benefits. The separator membrane is one of the most important parts of the LIB. Separator membranes are made of polymeric materials, one of which is cellulose acetate (CA). In this study, we synthesize CA from corn husk. There are 2 methodological ways in this study, namely the synthesis of CA which consists of delignification and acetylation, and fabrication of PVDF/ CA/ Nanoclay electrolyte membrane with variation of CA PVDF (0%:100, 10%: 90%, 20%: 80%, 30%: 70%, 50%: 50%). The synthesis of CA from corn husk exhibits XRD results which were comparable to the peak of commercial CA. Meanwhile, the PVDF/ CA-Nanoclay-based separator membrane with the composition of 50% PVDF and 50% CA had the best characterization results with an electrolyte uptake value of 139.649% and a porosity value of 79.11%. Based on the attained results, the CA extracted from corn husk in this study is applicable to use for the fabrication of electrolyte membrane.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"85 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maud Gracious Fuko, H. Noby, Abdelrahman Zkria, Ahmed Hassan El Shazly
We report the fabrication of porous hydrophobic flat sheet membranes composed of polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-co-HFP), which is incorporated with graphene (GNP) concentrations of (0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 wt.%) as the hydrophobic filler. FTIR, XRD, and SEM results were used to analyze the composites' functional groups, crystallinity and surface morphology. The water contact angles were 116 ±1.2°; 120 ±0.9°; 126 ±0.7°; 130 ±0.6° for pristine, 0.2 wt%, 0.5 wt%, and 0.8 wt% of GNP membranes, respectively. Moreover, the graphene incorporation enhanced the fabricated polymer's ultimate tensile strength (UTS). The UTS was as follows 2.4±0.01, 5.43±0.02, 7.485±0.015 and 6±0.01MPa for pristine, 0.2 wt% GNP, 0.5 wt% GNP and 0.8 wt% GNP respectively. The highest UTS was (7.485 ±0.015 MPa) for the 0.5 wt% GNP. Graphene incorporation (0.5 wt%) enhanced the membranes’ porosity (78 ±1.9%). This study explored the effect of graphene to improve the flat sheet membranes' mechanical strength, hydrophobicity, and porosity, which can then be applied in desalination using membrane distillation to mitigate clean water shortages and crises.
{"title":"Fabrication of Graphene-Modified Polyvinylidene Fluoride-co-Hexafluoropropylene Porous Polymeric Flat Sheet Membranes","authors":"Maud Gracious Fuko, H. Noby, Abdelrahman Zkria, Ahmed Hassan El Shazly","doi":"10.4028/p-sji8mu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-sji8mu","url":null,"abstract":"We report the fabrication of porous hydrophobic flat sheet membranes composed of polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-co-HFP), which is incorporated with graphene (GNP) concentrations of (0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 wt.%) as the hydrophobic filler. FTIR, XRD, and SEM results were used to analyze the composites' functional groups, crystallinity and surface morphology. The water contact angles were 116 ±1.2°; 120 ±0.9°; 126 ±0.7°; 130 ±0.6° for pristine, 0.2 wt%, 0.5 wt%, and 0.8 wt% of GNP membranes, respectively. Moreover, the graphene incorporation enhanced the fabricated polymer's ultimate tensile strength (UTS). The UTS was as follows 2.4±0.01, 5.43±0.02, 7.485±0.015 and 6±0.01MPa for pristine, 0.2 wt% GNP, 0.5 wt% GNP and 0.8 wt% GNP respectively. The highest UTS was (7.485 ±0.015 MPa) for the 0.5 wt% GNP. Graphene incorporation (0.5 wt%) enhanced the membranes’ porosity (78 ±1.9%). This study explored the effect of graphene to improve the flat sheet membranes' mechanical strength, hydrophobicity, and porosity, which can then be applied in desalination using membrane distillation to mitigate clean water shortages and crises.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"57 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Gopinath, J. Rooby, E. Prabakaran, M. Kaarthick
This work aimed to evaluate several physicochemical characteristics in irrigation water over acceptable criteria. The research for this paper was conducted during the construction of the Karur District in the state of Tamil Nadu in South India. In order to conduct the investigation of the water's quality, 201 open-air wells provided the source for the water samples. The field survey design was utilized and complemented by laboratory testing to analyze the levels of physicochemical parameters in both seasons (pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons) for groundwater and water bodies. Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR), Kelly Index (KI), pH, Electric Conductivity (EC), and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were the physical and chemical parameters that were analyzed. The average electrical conductivity values were relatively high, despite our studied samples being within the allowable range for irrigation water quality.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Quality of Groundwater for Irrigation Purposes in Karur District, Tamilnadu, South India","authors":"R. Gopinath, J. Rooby, E. Prabakaran, M. Kaarthick","doi":"10.4028/p-roapy9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-roapy9","url":null,"abstract":"This work aimed to evaluate several physicochemical characteristics in irrigation water over acceptable criteria. The research for this paper was conducted during the construction of the Karur District in the state of Tamil Nadu in South India. In order to conduct the investigation of the water's quality, 201 open-air wells provided the source for the water samples. The field survey design was utilized and complemented by laboratory testing to analyze the levels of physicochemical parameters in both seasons (pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons) for groundwater and water bodies. Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR), Kelly Index (KI), pH, Electric Conductivity (EC), and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were the physical and chemical parameters that were analyzed. The average electrical conductivity values were relatively high, despite our studied samples being within the allowable range for irrigation water quality.","PeriodicalId":18262,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Forum","volume":"42 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138946489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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