Breastfeeding is widely recognized to have many health benefits for newborns such as its protective properties. However, in the NICU, milk expression has shown many challenges for mothers. In order to help achieve the Canadian national goal for breastfeeding, Bujold & et al conducted a qualitative cross-sectional study to explore these challenges and recommend solutions to help mothers cope with milk expression. Even if there are few limitations mentioned in this study, findings provided insight about the impact of location and environment and helping mothers cope has shown to be effective in promoting closeness with their infant.
{"title":"How to help mothers of NICU infants cope with milk expression","authors":"Myriam Laniel, Vhea Paderanga, Aliza Patterson, Manahel Sarai, Zamila Uddin","doi":"10.26443/mjm.v20i1.777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26443/mjm.v20i1.777","url":null,"abstract":"Breastfeeding is widely recognized to have many health benefits for newborns such as its protective properties. However, in the NICU, milk expression has shown many challenges for mothers. In order to help achieve the Canadian national goal for breastfeeding, Bujold & et al conducted a qualitative cross-sectional study to explore these challenges and recommend solutions to help mothers cope with milk expression. Even if there are few limitations mentioned in this study, findings provided insight about the impact of location and environment and helping mothers cope has shown to be effective in promoting closeness with their infant.","PeriodicalId":18292,"journal":{"name":"McGill Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46710860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Legare, Analisa Astorino, Zineb Bouaouina, Melina Phan, Yi Wei
What happens once young adults and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) have to transfer from the pediatric to the adult healthcare system? To facilitate this process, a knowledge synthesis explored the challenges faced by OI patients during their transition and elaborated a transfer tool. This study is meant to help educate nurses into optimizing the transfer of OI patients. The following expert commentary was developed in the context of a research course and aims to summarize and comment on the findings of this study.
{"title":"Literature Review and Transfer Tool Creation to Facilitate Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) Patients’ Transfer from Pediatric to Adult Healthcare Systems: A Synthesis","authors":"M. Legare, Analisa Astorino, Zineb Bouaouina, Melina Phan, Yi Wei","doi":"10.26443/mjm.v20i1.815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26443/mjm.v20i1.815","url":null,"abstract":"What happens once young adults and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) have to transfer from the pediatric to the adult healthcare system? To facilitate this process, a knowledge synthesis explored the challenges faced by OI patients during their transition and elaborated a transfer tool. This study is meant to help educate nurses into optimizing the transfer of OI patients. The following expert commentary was developed in the context of a research course and aims to summarize and comment on the findings of this study.","PeriodicalId":18292,"journal":{"name":"McGill Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41553323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"18th Annual EBOSS Research Day on March 18th, 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.26443/mjm.v20i2.984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26443/mjm.v20i2.984","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>N/A</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":18292,"journal":{"name":"McGill Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44101299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Knowledge produced by specialized professionals can be shared to promote public understanding and decision-making. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the application, translation, and dissemination of specialized knowledge has informed global policy responses and contributed to new vaccine technologies that protect against disease. However, the pandemic has also highlighted the potential impacts that ineffective knowledge dissemination and misinformation can have on health outcomes, which can further deepen health inequities between groups. Preliminary considerations are suggested for ways to foster a culture of knowledge sharing aimed at promoting global health equity.
{"title":"Knowledge-sharing to enhance global health equity","authors":"B. Cheng, Salma Chaudhry, Brianna Cheng","doi":"10.26443/mjm.v20i1.912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26443/mjm.v20i1.912","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge produced by specialized professionals can be shared to promote public understanding and decision-making. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the application, translation, and dissemination of specialized knowledge has informed global policy responses and contributed to new vaccine technologies that protect against disease. However, the pandemic has also highlighted the potential impacts that ineffective knowledge dissemination and misinformation can have on health outcomes, which can further deepen health inequities between groups. Preliminary considerations are suggested for ways to foster a culture of knowledge sharing aimed at promoting global health equity.","PeriodicalId":18292,"journal":{"name":"McGill Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44651527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Nearing two nears into the current pandemic, COVID-19 is recognized worldwide for its devastating physical effects, with mandatory restrictions implemented to prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. However, the world is only beginning to understand the pandemic’s mental and social side effects. As such, current research on consequential mental health from COVID-19 is still novel, and there is much more to be learned concerning the long-term psychological effects and damage from the pandemic. Discussion: The combination of online learning and social isolation due to COVID-19 has affected post-secondary students across North America as it relates to their overall well-being and mental health. Researchers have aimed to examine the psychological impact on students’ mental health, primarily through cross-sectional studies and self-reported surveys. Conclusion: Studies have determined that COVID-19 has increased mental health symptoms such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, as well as increased feelings of isolation, loneliness, and fatigue. Furthermore, drinking and substance use, poor sleeping patterns, and screen time have risen as a result of the ongoing pandemic. Relevance: These findings call for post-secondary institutions, health care providers, and governments to prioritize the mental health of future generations while providing support and intervention programs. Future research should focus on further investigating COVID-19’s long-term effects on the mental health of post-secondary students and exploring prevention methods.
{"title":"Implication of COVID-19 on Post-Secondary Students’ Mental Health: A Review","authors":"C. Sillcox","doi":"10.26443/mjm.v20i1.922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26443/mjm.v20i1.922","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nearing two nears into the current pandemic, COVID-19 is recognized worldwide for its devastating physical effects, with mandatory restrictions implemented to prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. However, the world is only beginning to understand the pandemic’s mental and social side effects. As such, current research on consequential mental health from COVID-19 is still novel, and there is much more to be learned concerning the long-term psychological effects and damage from the pandemic.\u0000Discussion: The combination of online learning and social isolation due to COVID-19 has affected post-secondary students across North America as it relates to their overall well-being and mental health. Researchers have aimed to examine the psychological impact on students’ mental health, primarily through cross-sectional studies and self-reported surveys.\u0000Conclusion: Studies have determined that COVID-19 has increased mental health symptoms such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, as well as increased feelings of isolation, loneliness, and fatigue. Furthermore, drinking and substance use, poor sleeping patterns, and screen time have risen as a result of the ongoing pandemic.\u0000Relevance: These findings call for post-secondary institutions, health care providers, and governments to prioritize the mental health of future generations while providing support and intervention programs. Future research should focus on further investigating COVID-19’s long-term effects on the mental health of post-secondary students and exploring prevention methods.","PeriodicalId":18292,"journal":{"name":"McGill Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42703181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abraham Akbar, Nicholas Peoples, Hangyu Xie, P. Sergot, Haitham M. Hussein, W. Peacock IV, Z. Rafique
Background: The therapeutic benefit of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for acute ischemic stroke is provenbut extremely time-dependent. Current guidelines recommend a <60 minute door-to-needle time. We identify here factors affecting door-to-needle time of tPA administration for acute ischemic stroke. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of an emergency department from 2010 to 2013. Inclusion criteria were discharge diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke and tPA administration within 4.5 hours of onset. Exclusion criteria were non-ischemic strokes (transient ischemic attacks, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage) or those given tPA >4.5 hours. We used a linear regression model to quantify factor influence and compared tPA administration benchmark times to target benchmark times (median + quartiles). Results: Among the 71 ischemic stroke patients included, 38 (54%) received tPA within ≤ 60 minutes. Female sex was associated with a door-to-needle time delay of 13.97 minutes (95% CI 3.412 to 27.111). Median benchmark times did not show evidence of delay in any benchmark in comparison with target benchmark times. Conclusion: Female sex was associated with increased door-to-needle time. Further investigation of these areas may enable optimized workflow, decreased door-to-needle times, and improved patient outcomes.
背景:组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(tPA)治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的疗效已得到证实，但极具时间依赖性。目前的指南建议睡眠时间为4.5小时。我们使用线性回归模型来量化因素影响，并比较tPA给药基准时间与目标基准时间(中位数+四分位数)。结果:71例缺血性脑卒中患者中，38例(54%)在≤60分钟内接受tPA治疗。女性患者从门到针的时间延迟为13.97分钟(95% CI 3.412 ~ 27.111)。与目标基准测试时间相比，中位数基准测试时间没有显示任何基准测试延迟的证据。结论:女性与从门到针的时间增加有关。对这些领域的进一步研究可以优化工作流程，减少从门到针的时间，并改善患者的治疗效果。
{"title":"Thrombolytic Administration for Acute Ischemic Stroke","authors":"Abraham Akbar, Nicholas Peoples, Hangyu Xie, P. Sergot, Haitham M. Hussein, W. Peacock IV, Z. Rafique","doi":"10.26443/mjm.v20i1.881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26443/mjm.v20i1.881","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The therapeutic benefit of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for acute ischemic stroke is provenbut extremely time-dependent. Current guidelines recommend a <60 minute door-to-needle time. We identify here factors affecting door-to-needle time of tPA administration for acute ischemic stroke.\u0000Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of an emergency department from 2010 to 2013. Inclusion criteria were discharge diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke and tPA administration within 4.5 hours of onset. Exclusion criteria were non-ischemic strokes (transient ischemic attacks, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage) or those given tPA >4.5 hours. We used a linear regression model to quantify factor influence and compared tPA administration benchmark times to target benchmark times (median + quartiles).\u0000Results: Among the 71 ischemic stroke patients included, 38 (54%) received tPA within ≤ 60 minutes. Female sex was associated with a door-to-needle time delay of 13.97 minutes (95% CI 3.412 to 27.111). Median benchmark times did not show evidence of delay in any benchmark in comparison with target benchmark times.\u0000Conclusion: Female sex was associated with increased door-to-needle time. Further investigation of these areas may enable optimized workflow, decreased door-to-needle times, and improved patient outcomes.\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":18292,"journal":{"name":"McGill Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41619147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-04DOI: 10.1056/nejm196502042720519
Arjan S. Dhoot, Michael Wan
Strabismus is characterized by a misalignment of the eyes. A thorough history and physical examination should be performed by clinicians when strabismus is suspected. The Hirschberg, cover, cover-uncover, and alternate prism cover tests are commonly used to identify and diagnose strabismus. Strabismus usually requires a referral to an ophthalmologist. Treatment of strabismus involves eye patches, cycloplegic drops, prescription glasses, and surgery. Strabismus can result in vision loss due to amblyopia and may also cause double vision, psychosocial concerns, and impaired depth perception.
{"title":"Approach to Strabismus","authors":"Arjan S. Dhoot, Michael Wan","doi":"10.1056/nejm196502042720519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm196502042720519","url":null,"abstract":"Strabismus is characterized by a misalignment of the eyes. A thorough history and physical examination should be performed by clinicians when strabismus is suspected. The Hirschberg, cover, cover-uncover, and alternate prism cover tests are commonly used to identify and diagnose strabismus. Strabismus usually requires a referral to an ophthalmologist. Treatment of strabismus involves eye patches, cycloplegic drops, prescription glasses, and surgery. Strabismus can result in vision loss due to amblyopia and may also cause double vision, psychosocial concerns, and impaired depth perception.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":18292,"journal":{"name":"McGill Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1056/nejm196502042720519","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42327304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abanoub Aziz Rizk, A. Al-Izzi, Naitik Acharya, Liam H Brown, Gina Rizq, Samuel Gobraeil, Hanifa J Soueid
The Emergency Department (ED) is a highly stressful and fast-paced environment in which doctors are challenged to efficiently adapt and recall knowledge to make safe patient-care decisions. A literature search was conducted to assess the evidence supporting the benefits of exclusively hiring pre-clerkship and clerkship medical students as medical scribes in the emergency department. Several databases were used to collect a total of (insert#) articles and studies to explore and summarize the benefits of its implementation. These include, but are not limited to, increasing medical student exposure to the specialty of emergency medicine, enhancing their clinical skills, and assisting students to pay-down their medical school-related debt. Furthermore, appointing medical students as scribes is mutually beneficial to the ED by helping to cut down the lengthy wait times for patients and reduce the significantly high rates of emergency physician burnout. We conclude that hiring medical students as scribes in the ED is a potentially beneficial practice that merits further consideration and analysis.
{"title":"Engaging Pre-Clerkship and Clerkship Students as Medical Scribes in The Emergency Department","authors":"Abanoub Aziz Rizk, A. Al-Izzi, Naitik Acharya, Liam H Brown, Gina Rizq, Samuel Gobraeil, Hanifa J Soueid","doi":"10.26443/mjm.v20i1.913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26443/mjm.v20i1.913","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The Emergency Department (ED) is a highly stressful and fast-paced environment in which doctors are challenged to efficiently adapt and recall knowledge to make safe patient-care decisions. A literature search was conducted to assess the evidence supporting the benefits of exclusively hiring pre-clerkship and clerkship medical students as medical scribes in the emergency department. Several databases were used to collect a total of (insert#) articles and studies to explore and summarize the benefits of its implementation. These include, but are not limited to, increasing medical student exposure to the specialty of emergency medicine, enhancing their clinical skills, and assisting students to pay-down their medical school-related debt. Furthermore, appointing medical students as scribes is mutually beneficial to the ED by helping to cut down the lengthy wait times for patients and reduce the significantly high rates of emergency physician burnout. We conclude that hiring medical students as scribes in the ED is a potentially beneficial practice that merits further consideration and analysis. \u0000","PeriodicalId":18292,"journal":{"name":"McGill Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46266720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abanoub Aziz Rizk, Nicolas Mourad, Marina Saad, Emanuel Aziz Rizk, M. Saad
Medical students are faced with many unprecedented challenges, one of which is the large amount of material they are required to learn and retain. While effective learning strategies have been thoroughly researched, stress levels amongst medical students remain very high due to perceived failure to retain material, suggesting that novel methods of implementing such existing strategies are required. Aside from stress levels, additional challenges in medical education include the incorporation of inconsistent testing methods and the challenge of accommodating different learning styles and preferences. A more evidence-based approach that aims to cover many learning styles at once may be desirable. The aim of this commentary is to present some of the current learning and teaching strategies utilized within medical education across the world and to promote a novel supplementary approach to medical education involving a variable ratio incentive-based system of active recall and spaced repetition. This system aims to reward small achievements throughout the semester and complements formal structured examinations in order to motivate students. While this model has yet to be tested, we hope to motivate medical faculty to pilot a program with these evidence-based strategies in mind.
{"title":"Rewarding progress: Effective learning strategies through a variable ratio incentive-based approach in medical education","authors":"Abanoub Aziz Rizk, Nicolas Mourad, Marina Saad, Emanuel Aziz Rizk, M. Saad","doi":"10.26443/mjm.v20i1.914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26443/mjm.v20i1.914","url":null,"abstract":"Medical students are faced with many unprecedented challenges, one of which is the large amount of material they are required to learn and retain. While effective learning strategies have been thoroughly researched, stress levels amongst medical students remain very high due to perceived failure to retain material, suggesting that novel methods of implementing such existing strategies are required. Aside from stress levels, additional challenges in medical education include the incorporation of inconsistent testing methods and the challenge of accommodating different learning styles and preferences. A more evidence-based approach that aims to cover many learning styles at once may be desirable. The aim of this commentary is to present some of the current learning and teaching strategies utilized within medical education across the world and to promote a novel supplementary approach to medical education involving a variable ratio incentive-based system of active recall and spaced repetition. This system aims to reward small achievements throughout the semester and complements formal structured examinations in order to motivate students. While this model has yet to be tested, we hope to motivate medical faculty to pilot a program with these evidence-based strategies in mind.","PeriodicalId":18292,"journal":{"name":"McGill Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47250396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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