Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2020.201552
A. Pereverzieva, A. Bobukh, Mikhail Podustov
Production of soda ash using the ammonia method belongs to the class of complex continuous chemical-technological systems and is characterized by multidimensionality, inertia, the existence of cycles of material flows, complex dependences between the input and output parameters of technological modes. The research into the operation of this production and its performance indicators revealed that 24–26 % of losses in soda ash production were caused by violations of the technological mode at the absorption-distillation department. Many of these violations can be prevented, and losses can be significantly reduced, by developing a system of diagnosing the state of technological processes at this department. The main task of the diagnosing system at the absorption-distillation department is to determine the moment of transition of the technological process to the emergency state, disabling the control system, informing a technologist-operator about the probable cause of the emergency, and giving recommendations for its elimination. After the elimination of the reasons for the deviation of the technological process from normal functioning, the measures on switching on the control system are taken. The system of diagnosing an absorption-distillation department of soda ash production should be implemented based on the passive observations of the course of the technological process. This is due to the continuity of production, on the one hand, and the requirement to adhere to the mode of the normal functioning of the technological process, on the other hand. The results of the analysis of diagnosing emergencies prove that the implementation of the method of logical decision tables will enhance the speed of the diagnosing process and improve its quality due to the prevention and timely liquidation of emergencies. It was established that if the same emergency analysis vector corresponds to different causes of emergencies in this system, it is necessary to use characteristics of the statistical theory of solutions.
{"title":"Development of a Diagnosing System for the Absorption-distillation Department of Soda Ash Production","authors":"A. Pereverzieva, A. Bobukh, Mikhail Podustov","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.201552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.201552","url":null,"abstract":"Production of soda ash using the ammonia method belongs to the class of complex continuous chemical-technological systems and is characterized by multidimensionality, inertia, the existence of cycles of material flows, complex dependences between the input and output parameters of technological modes. The research into the operation of this production and its performance indicators revealed that 24–26 % of losses in soda ash production were caused by violations of the technological mode at the absorption-distillation department. Many of these violations can be prevented, and losses can be significantly reduced, by developing a system of diagnosing the state of technological processes at this department. The main task of the diagnosing system at the absorption-distillation department is to determine the moment of transition of the technological process to the emergency state, disabling the control system, informing a technologist-operator about the probable cause of the emergency, and giving recommendations for its elimination. After the elimination of the reasons for the deviation of the technological process from normal functioning, the measures on switching on the control system are taken. The system of diagnosing an absorption-distillation department of soda ash production should be implemented based on the passive observations of the course of the technological process. This is due to the continuity of production, on the one hand, and the requirement to adhere to the mode of the normal functioning of the technological process, on the other hand. The results of the analysis of diagnosing emergencies prove that the implementation of the method of logical decision tables will enhance the speed of the diagnosing process and improve its quality due to the prevention and timely liquidation of emergencies. It was established that if the same emergency analysis vector corresponds to different causes of emergencies in this system, it is necessary to use characteristics of the statistical theory of solutions.","PeriodicalId":18300,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Materials Processing & Manufacturing (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75332559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-28DOI: 10.15587/2519-4852.2020.198411
K. Semchenko, L. Vyshnevska, I. Gladukh
The aim. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the technology of “AP-helmin” tablets preparation and to establish the possible critical parameters of the production process.Materials and methods. Objects such as a mixture of pure substances albendazole and praziquantel in the ratio (1:4), tablet mass and tablet core samples were used in the research. The usual physicochemical and pharmacotechnological methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine were used in the work, namely, the appearance, physical parameters, bulk density, compressibility, flowability, crushing force, determination of average mass, uniformity of mass, resistance to crushing and disintegration time were evaluated.Results. It was found that the mixture of active substances has poor flowability, indicating the need to enter the stage of wet granulation in the development of tablet technology with them.The wet granulation stage was carried out with the addition of such excipients as corn starch, microcrystalline cellulose 101 (MCC-101) and povidone (as a 10 % solution).Studies of the 4 samples of tablet mass allowed establishing the most rational composition for the formation of tablets-cores – sample number 4. The samples of composition No. 4 are white core tablets, homogeneous, without chips and cracks, and with respect to resistance to crushing and disintegration time meet the requirements of SPhU (96 N and 8 min 27 sec, respectively).The next stage of the study was the development of a common technology for the preparation of the tablets “AP-helmin”. In order to ensure proper consumer characteristics, the Opadry II ®YS-1-7027 White ("Colorcon") white coating was introduced.Conclusions. On the basis of the obtained results, a technological scheme of production was prepared taking into account the critical parameters and the forecasted control methods at different stages
的目标。本工作的目的是验证“AP-helmin”片剂的制备工艺，并确定可能的生产工艺关键参数。材料和方法。研究对象为阿苯达唑与吡喹酮按1:4比例混合的纯物质、片剂质量和片芯样品。采用乌克兰国家药典常用的物化药法，对其外观、物理参数、容重、可压缩性、流动性、破碎力、平均质量测定、质量均匀性、抗破碎性和崩解时间进行了评价。发现原料药混合后流动性较差，说明在片剂技术开发中需要进入湿造粒阶段。湿造粒阶段采用玉米淀粉、微晶纤维素101 (MCC-101)和聚维酮(10%溶液)等辅料进行。通过对4个片剂质量样品的研究，确定了片剂形成的最合理成分-岩心-样品号4。4号成分样品为白色芯片，均质，无碎裂，抗破碎性和崩解时间均满足SPhU要求(96 N, 8 min 27 sec)。研究的下一阶段是开发一种用于制备“AP-helmin”片剂的通用技术。为了确保适当的消费者特性，介绍了Opadry II®YS-1-7027白色(“Colorcon”)白色涂层。在此基础上，考虑关键参数和不同阶段的预测控制方法，制定了生产工艺方案
{"title":"Substantiation of Production Technology of Tablets ‘AP-Helmin’","authors":"K. Semchenko, L. Vyshnevska, I. Gladukh","doi":"10.15587/2519-4852.2020.198411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2020.198411","url":null,"abstract":"The aim. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the technology of “AP-helmin” tablets preparation and to establish the possible critical parameters of the production process.Materials and methods. Objects such as a mixture of pure substances albendazole and praziquantel in the ratio (1:4), tablet mass and tablet core samples were used in the research. The usual physicochemical and pharmacotechnological methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine were used in the work, namely, the appearance, physical parameters, bulk density, compressibility, flowability, crushing force, determination of average mass, uniformity of mass, resistance to crushing and disintegration time were evaluated.Results. It was found that the mixture of active substances has poor flowability, indicating the need to enter the stage of wet granulation in the development of tablet technology with them.The wet granulation stage was carried out with the addition of such excipients as corn starch, microcrystalline cellulose 101 (MCC-101) and povidone (as a 10 % solution).Studies of the 4 samples of tablet mass allowed establishing the most rational composition for the formation of tablets-cores – sample number 4. The samples of composition No. 4 are white core tablets, homogeneous, without chips and cracks, and with respect to resistance to crushing and disintegration time meet the requirements of SPhU (96 N and 8 min 27 sec, respectively).The next stage of the study was the development of a common technology for the preparation of the tablets “AP-helmin”. In order to ensure proper consumer characteristics, the Opadry II ®YS-1-7027 White (\"Colorcon\") white coating was introduced.Conclusions. On the basis of the obtained results, a technological scheme of production was prepared taking into account the critical parameters and the forecasted control methods at different stages","PeriodicalId":18300,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Materials Processing & Manufacturing (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81470740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vrushabh Kunturwar, Atul Shinde, Ashwini Pokharkar, A. Shroff
It can be used to turn ON and OFF the lighting system of the home automatically by detecting the presence of humans. This system can be used in garages, classrooms, staircases, bathrooms, etc. where there is no need for continuous light but only when there is a human. Also, there is no need to worry about electricity bills as the lights get OFF when there is no human and hence one needs to pay the bills as peruse. The main components used in this system are Arduino Uno, PIR, and Relay Module. Out of these components, the operation of the system mainly depends on the PIR sensor which helps in detecting human presence.
{"title":"Automatic Room lights Control by Using Arduino and IR","authors":"Vrushabh Kunturwar, Atul Shinde, Ashwini Pokharkar, A. Shroff","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3645400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3645400","url":null,"abstract":"It can be used to turn ON and OFF the lighting system of the home automatically by detecting the presence of humans. This system can be used in garages, classrooms, staircases, bathrooms, etc. where there is no need for continuous light but only when there is a human. Also, there is no need to worry about electricity bills as the lights get OFF when there is no human and hence one needs to pay the bills as peruse. The main components used in this system are Arduino Uno, PIR, and Relay Module. Out of these components, the operation of the system mainly depends on the PIR sensor which helps in detecting human presence.","PeriodicalId":18300,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Materials Processing & Manufacturing (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87336671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luyao Zheng, Kai Wang, T. Zhu, Yongrui Yang, Kai Gu, Chunming Liu, X. Gong
Extensive interest has been raised by perovskite materials as emerging alternatives for low-cost and efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in the past decade. However, achieving high-performance and stable PSCs with negligible photocurrent hysteresis behavior is still a challenging task due to the intrinsic foibles of perovskites. In this work, we report efficient and stable PSCs with dramatically suppressed photocurrent hysteresis by CH3NH3PbI3 co-crystallized with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). It is found that PEO-CH3NH3PbI3 thin film exhibit superior film morphology and significantly enlarged crystal grains as compared with CH3NH3PbI3 thin film. Systematical investigations reveal that the introduction of PEO in CH3NH3PbI3 could improve the charge transport and reduce the charge carrier recombination and promote the charge carrier extraction time within PSCs. As a result, PSCs by PEO-CH3NH3PbI3 thin film exhibit a power convention efficiency of 20.73%, which is over 20% enhancement as compared with that (17.42%) from PSCs by CH3NH3PbI3 thin film. Moreover, photocurrent hysteresis is dramatically suppressed in PSCs by PEO-CH3NH3PbI3 thin film. In addition, PSCs by PEO-CH3NH3PbI3 thin film exhibit boosted stability. All these results demonstrate that perovskites co-crystallized with polymers is an efficient approach towards high performance PSCs.
{"title":"High Performance Perovskite Solar Cells by Perovskites Co-Crystallized with Polymers","authors":"Luyao Zheng, Kai Wang, T. Zhu, Yongrui Yang, Kai Gu, Chunming Liu, X. Gong","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3569542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3569542","url":null,"abstract":"Extensive interest has been raised by perovskite materials as emerging alternatives for low-cost and efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in the past decade. However, achieving high-performance and stable PSCs with negligible photocurrent hysteresis behavior is still a challenging task due to the intrinsic foibles of perovskites. In this work, we report efficient and stable PSCs with dramatically suppressed photocurrent hysteresis by CH3NH3PbI3 co-crystallized with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). It is found that PEO-CH3NH3PbI3 thin film exhibit superior film morphology and significantly enlarged crystal grains as compared with CH3NH3PbI3 thin film. Systematical investigations reveal that the introduction of PEO in CH3NH3PbI3 could improve the charge transport and reduce the charge carrier recombination and promote the charge carrier extraction time within PSCs. As a result, PSCs by PEO-CH3NH3PbI3 thin film exhibit a power convention efficiency of 20.73%, which is over 20% enhancement as compared with that (17.42%) from PSCs by CH3NH3PbI3 thin film. Moreover, photocurrent hysteresis is dramatically suppressed in PSCs by PEO-CH3NH3PbI3 thin film. In addition, PSCs by PEO-CH3NH3PbI3 thin film exhibit boosted stability. All these results demonstrate that perovskites co-crystallized with polymers is an efficient approach towards high performance PSCs.","PeriodicalId":18300,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Materials Processing & Manufacturing (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88972808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. He, Xue Li, Yong-jie Liu, Chong Wang, Lang Li, Hong Zhang, Qingyuan Wang, X. Shao, Qiang Chen, G. Chai
Localization of the plastic strain at slip bands (SBs) is an important feature of cyclic straining and frequently plays a key role in crack initiation connected to the fatigue resistance of metallic materials. However, the mechanism of SB-induced cracking in hexagonal close-packed (hcp) materials have not been revealed so far. Here we studied underlying elastic cyclic deformation and associated dislocation activities within the SBs in a rare earth-containing magnesium (RE-Mg) alloy. The results show that basal slip is the solo deformation mode at grain scale, but gliding of dislocation is still visible near grain boundaries to accommodate localized in the nucleation and growth of damaged zone and move towards the matrix-SB interface, at which the internal cracks initiate and coalesce together forming facet morphology on fracture surface. The contribution of dislocation motion to the formation of damaged zone is believed to retard the development of basal SBs, correspondingly enhancing the fatigue resistance of RE-mg alloys.
{"title":"Localized Dislocation Interactions within Slip Bands and Facet-Like Crack Initiation in Magnesium Alloys","authors":"C. He, Xue Li, Yong-jie Liu, Chong Wang, Lang Li, Hong Zhang, Qingyuan Wang, X. Shao, Qiang Chen, G. Chai","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3545080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3545080","url":null,"abstract":"Localization of the plastic strain at slip bands (SBs) is an important feature of cyclic straining and frequently plays a key role in crack initiation connected to the fatigue resistance of metallic materials. However, the mechanism of SB-induced cracking in hexagonal close-packed (hcp) materials have not been revealed so far. Here we studied underlying elastic cyclic deformation and associated dislocation activities within the SBs in a rare earth-containing magnesium (RE-Mg) alloy. The results show that basal slip is the solo deformation mode at grain scale, but gliding of dislocation is still visible near grain boundaries to accommodate localized in the nucleation and growth of damaged zone and move towards the matrix-SB interface, at which the internal cracks initiate and coalesce together forming facet morphology on fracture surface. The contribution of dislocation motion to the formation of damaged zone is believed to retard the development of basal SBs, correspondingly enhancing the fatigue resistance of RE-mg alloys.","PeriodicalId":18300,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Materials Processing & Manufacturing (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83508655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-24DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2020.195092
Irina Issayeva, V. Povetkin, A. Alpeisov, A. Bukayeva, Dinara Arinova
A large volume of rocks containing valuable minerals is treated at mining and processing plants in Kazakhstan. Ball mills and rod mills are used for their grinding and further processing in Balkhash, Zhezkazgan. Ball mills with gear drive rings in the drums suffer from intense wear of the teeth due to the heavy mode of the mill operation. It thus necessitates their frequent replacement and long mill downtime. The gears of the ball mill drive experience an intense impact stress, which reduces the resource of their operation and the mill as a whole due to wear. The article presents research on developing rational parameters of involute gearing, aimed at increasing the loading capacity of the gear as well as reducing the overall dimensions, noise, and vibration. In order to solve the set tasks, dynamic processes are simulated, modification of the teeth is proposed, and the task of designing the initial meshing contour is solved when the line of the tooth profile is slightly deviated from the involute curve of the tooth surface. The kinematic and dynamic parameters of a tooth transmission influencing the wear resistance of teeth are found out, and also the influence of the loading capacity under conditions of stable lubrication is determined. Because of the complexity of modifying a large diameter of the driven gear wheel, it is proposed to modify only the teeth of the driving wheel, both at their tops and legs
{"title":"An Increase of the Loading Capacity and Reliability of Gears by Methods of Optimizing Involute Gearing Parameters","authors":"Irina Issayeva, V. Povetkin, A. Alpeisov, A. Bukayeva, Dinara Arinova","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.195092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.195092","url":null,"abstract":"A large volume of rocks containing valuable minerals is treated at mining and processing plants in Kazakhstan. Ball mills and rod mills are used for their grinding and further processing in Balkhash, Zhezkazgan. Ball mills with gear drive rings in the drums suffer from intense wear of the teeth due to the heavy mode of the mill operation. It thus necessitates their frequent replacement and long mill downtime. The gears of the ball mill drive experience an intense impact stress, which reduces the resource of their operation and the mill as a whole due to wear. The article presents research on developing rational parameters of involute gearing, aimed at increasing the loading capacity of the gear as well as reducing the overall dimensions, noise, and vibration. In order to solve the set tasks, dynamic processes are simulated, modification of the teeth is proposed, and the task of designing the initial meshing contour is solved when the line of the tooth profile is slightly deviated from the involute curve of the tooth surface. The kinematic and dynamic parameters of a tooth transmission influencing the wear resistance of teeth are found out, and also the influence of the loading capacity under conditions of stable lubrication is determined. Because of the complexity of modifying a large diameter of the driven gear wheel, it is proposed to modify only the teeth of the driving wheel, both at their tops and legs","PeriodicalId":18300,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Materials Processing & Manufacturing (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75066173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Wei, T. Chen, Ju-guang Hu, Shuo Chen, Hongli Ma, Jingting Luo, G. Liang, Xianghua Zhang, P. Fan, Z. Zheng
Abstract In this work, organic CH3NH3I nano-components were successfully introduced into Sb2Te3 nanocrystal thin film via using the layer-by-layer evaporation growth method. The thermoelectric properties, including the electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity and the estimated figure of merit were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the introduced organic nano-components are beneficial to improving the Seebeck coefficient of the Sb2Te3 nanocrystal thin film, resulting in over 100% enhancement of figure of merit. These results prove our hypothesis that the organic hybrid can greatly enhance the thermoelectric property of the Sb2Te3 thin film based on the energy-filtering effect.
{"title":"Effect of Organic Nano-Components on the Thermoelectric Properties of Sb2te3 Nanocrystal Thin Film","authors":"M. Wei, T. Chen, Ju-guang Hu, Shuo Chen, Hongli Ma, Jingting Luo, G. Liang, Xianghua Zhang, P. Fan, Z. Zheng","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3539144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3539144","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, organic CH3NH3I nano-components were successfully introduced into Sb2Te3 nanocrystal thin film via using the layer-by-layer evaporation growth method. The thermoelectric properties, including the electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity and the estimated figure of merit were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the introduced organic nano-components are beneficial to improving the Seebeck coefficient of the Sb2Te3 nanocrystal thin film, resulting in over 100% enhancement of figure of merit. These results prove our hypothesis that the organic hybrid can greatly enhance the thermoelectric property of the Sb2Te3 thin film based on the energy-filtering effect.","PeriodicalId":18300,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Materials Processing & Manufacturing (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85504268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clays are widely used as catalysts and catalyst supports for a broad range of chemical processes due to their unique layered structure and low cost. Potential of Bentonite clay from Gujarat region (India) as a catalyst is evaluated in this work. Beneficial properties such as high cation exchange capacity, high absorption capacity, stickiness, expandable layer etc. makes Bentonite clay suitable for a wide range of catalytic applications in chemical process industries. Treatment of Bentonite clay with 5 - 10M sulphuric acid (H2SO4) followed by calcination at 600 0C showed removal of metallic impurities which increased porosity. The physical and chemical characteristics of modified clay were checked by WET process analysis and FTIR. Results showed that increase in acid strength led to better removal of Al3+ ion and other metal oxides thereby increasing silica-alumina ratio. Better surface characteristics indicate that Gujarat Bentonite clay is suitable for use as catalysts and catalyst supports.
{"title":"Exploring the Potential of Acid Treated Bentonite Clay for Various Catalytic Applications","authors":"D. Gandhi, Vatsal A. Pandya, Dr. Sachin Parikh","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3707320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3707320","url":null,"abstract":"Clays are widely used as catalysts and catalyst supports for a broad range of chemical processes due to their unique layered structure and low cost. Potential of Bentonite clay from Gujarat region (India) as a catalyst is evaluated in this work. Beneficial properties such as high cation exchange capacity, high absorption capacity, stickiness, expandable layer etc. makes Bentonite clay suitable for a wide range of catalytic applications in chemical process industries. Treatment of Bentonite clay with 5 - 10M sulphuric acid (H2SO4) followed by calcination at 600 0C showed removal of metallic impurities which increased porosity. The physical and chemical characteristics of modified clay were checked by WET process analysis and FTIR. Results showed that increase in acid strength led to better removal of Al3+ ion and other metal oxides thereby increasing silica-alumina ratio. Better surface characteristics indicate that Gujarat Bentonite clay is suitable for use as catalysts and catalyst supports.","PeriodicalId":18300,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Materials Processing & Manufacturing (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90973927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article discusses the results that served as the basis for the start of the study of the ‘ordering- phase separation’ transition, as well as the transition itself and the reasons for its occurrence. The discoveries made during this discussion are presented in terms of "Highlights". It is shown what exactly needs to be done, what studies needs to conduct so that a branch of science, such as Materials Science, gets rid of the empirical approach when creating new alloys.
{"title":"A New Life of Materials Science – Future Article","authors":"Y. Ustinovshikov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3529105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3529105","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the results that served as the basis for the start of the study of the ‘ordering- phase separation’ transition, as well as the transition itself and the reasons for its occurrence. The discoveries made during this discussion are presented in terms of \"Highlights\". It is shown what exactly needs to be done, what studies needs to conduct so that a branch of science, such as Materials Science, gets rid of the empirical approach when creating new alloys.<br>","PeriodicalId":18300,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Materials Processing & Manufacturing (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83318851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water samples were taken from the Shikh shore of the Caspian Sea to conduct the research. In the marine water samples taken from the area, heavy metals were identified using the Agilent 7500 Series ICP-MS device. The analyzes were performed in the Complex Analytical Research Laboratory of the National Department of Environmental Monitoring
{"title":"Determination of Heavy Metals in Water Samples Taken From the Shikh Area of the Caspian Sea Using Icp-Ms (7500CX) Device (ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ТЯЖЕЛЫХ МЕТАЛЛОВ В ПРОБАХ ВОДЫ, ОТОБРАННЫХ В РАЙОНЕ ШИХА КАСПИЙСКОГО МОРЯ, С ПОМОЩЬЮ ПРИБОРА ICP-MS (7500CX))","authors":"S.R. Hajiyeva, T.I. Aliyeva, N.M. Cafarova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3741971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3741971","url":null,"abstract":"Water samples were taken from the Shikh shore of the Caspian Sea to conduct the research. In the marine water samples taken from the area, heavy metals were identified using the Agilent 7500 Series ICP-MS device. The analyzes were performed in the Complex Analytical Research Laboratory of the National Department of Environmental Monitoring","PeriodicalId":18300,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Materials Processing & Manufacturing (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77409032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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