BACKGROUND In prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis, many developed machine learning (ML) models using ultrasound images show good accuracy. This study aimed to analyze the accuracy of neural network ML models in PCa diagnosis using ultrasound images.
METHODS The protocol was registered with PROSPERO registration number CRD42021277309. Three reviewers independently conducted a literature search in 5 online databases (PubMed, EBSCO, Proquest, ScienceDirect, and Scopus). We included all cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies in English, that used neural networks ML models for PCa diagnosis in humans. Conference/review articles and studies with combination examination with magnetic resonance imaging or had no diagnostic parameters were excluded.
RESULTS Of 391 titles and abstracts screened, 9 articles relevant to the study were included. Risk of bias analysis was conducted using the QUADAS-2 tool. Of the 9 articles, 5 used artificial neural networks, 1 used deep learning, 1 used recurrent neural networks, and 2 used convolutional neural networks. The included articles showed a varied area under the curve (AUC) of 0.76–0.98. Factors affecting the accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) were the AI model, mode and type of transrectal sonography, Gleason grading, and prostate-specific antigen level.
CONCLUSIONS The accuracy of neural network ML models in PCa diagnosis using ultrasound images was relatively high, with an AUC value above 0.7. Thus, this modality is promising for PCa diagnosis that can provide instant information for further workup and help doctors decide whether to perform a prostate biopsy.
{"title":"Accuracy of machine learning models using ultrasound images in prostate cancer diagnosis: a systematic review","authors":"Retta Catherina Sihotang, Claudio Agustino, Ficky Huang, Dyandra Parikesit, Fakhri Rahman, Agus Rizal Ardy Hariandy Hamid","doi":"10.13181/mji.oa.236765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.oa.236765","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND In prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis, many developed machine learning (ML) models using ultrasound images show good accuracy. This study aimed to analyze the accuracy of neural network ML models in PCa diagnosis using ultrasound images.
 METHODS The protocol was registered with PROSPERO registration number CRD42021277309. Three reviewers independently conducted a literature search in 5 online databases (PubMed, EBSCO, Proquest, ScienceDirect, and Scopus). We included all cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies in English, that used neural networks ML models for PCa diagnosis in humans. Conference/review articles and studies with combination examination with magnetic resonance imaging or had no diagnostic parameters were excluded.
 RESULTS Of 391 titles and abstracts screened, 9 articles relevant to the study were included. Risk of bias analysis was conducted using the QUADAS-2 tool. Of the 9 articles, 5 used artificial neural networks, 1 used deep learning, 1 used recurrent neural networks, and 2 used convolutional neural networks. The included articles showed a varied area under the curve (AUC) of 0.76–0.98. Factors affecting the accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) were the AI model, mode and type of transrectal sonography, Gleason grading, and prostate-specific antigen level.
 CONCLUSIONS The accuracy of neural network ML models in PCa diagnosis using ultrasound images was relatively high, with an AUC value above 0.7. Thus, this modality is promising for PCa diagnosis that can provide instant information for further workup and help doctors decide whether to perform a prostate biopsy.","PeriodicalId":18302,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dwi Anggita, Irawaty Djaharuddin, Harun Iskandar, Nur Ahmad Tabri, Jamaluddin Madolangan, Harry Akza Putrawan, Edward Pandu Wiriansya
BACKGROUND Causes of death and length of hospitalization in patients with COVID-19 have been associated with coagulopathy. The coagulopathy mechanism involves the process of coagulation and endothelial damage triggered by an inflammatory response of the SARS-CoV-2 infection due to excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to determine the association of coagulation factors as potential predictors of COVID-19 patient outcomes.
METHODS This retrospective study was performed on 595 patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, from June 2020 to June 2021. Participants were recruited using total sampling and assessed for COVID-19 severity using the World Health Organization classification and coagulation factors (D-dimer, fibrinogen, thrombocyte, and prothrombin time [PT]). Patient outcome assessments were survival and length of hospitalization.
RESULTS We found a significant sex-based disparity, with a higher COVID-19 incidence in males. Severe cases were more common among those aged >50 years, with prolonged hospitalization (>10 days) linked to higher severity (odds ratio [OR] = 2.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.31–3.77, p<0.001). Elevated fibrinogen and D-dimer levels, as well as prolonged PT, predicted severe cases. However, D-dimer had the highest influence compared to other coagulation factors (OR = 14.50, 95% CI = 5.85–35.95, p<0.001), while prolonged PT influenced mortality rates (OR = 4.02, 95% CI = 1.35–12.00, p = 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS Coagulation factors, such as elevated D-dimer and fibrinogen levels and prolonged PT, predicted the severity of COVID-19 patients leading to death.
背景:COVID-19患者的死亡原因和住院时间与凝血功能障碍有关。凝血功能的机制涉及SARS-CoV-2感染引起的促炎细胞因子过度释放引起的炎症反应所引发的凝血和内皮损伤过程。本研究旨在确定凝血因子作为COVID-19患者预后的潜在预测因子的相关性。
方法对2020年6月至2021年6月在望加锡Wahidin Sudirohusodo医院就诊的595例患者进行回顾性研究。采用全抽样方法招募参与者，并使用世界卫生组织分类和凝血因子(d -二聚体、纤维蛋白原、血栓细胞和凝血酶原时间[PT])评估COVID-19严重程度。患者预后评估为生存和住院时间。
结果我们发现了显著的性别差异，男性的COVID-19发病率更高。严重病例在50岁的患者中更为常见，住院时间延长(10天)与严重程度较高相关(优势比[OR] = 2.22, 95%可信区间[CI] = 1.31-3.77, p<0.001)。纤维蛋白原和d -二聚体水平升高，以及PT延长，预示着严重的病例。然而，与其他凝血因子相比，d -二聚体的影响最大(OR = 14.50, 95% CI = 5.85-35.95, p<0.001)，而延长PT时间影响死亡率(OR = 4.02, 95% CI = 1.35-12.00, p = 0.01)。结论凝血因子如d -二聚体和纤维蛋白原水平升高以及PT延长可预测COVID-19患者死亡的严重程度。
{"title":"Coagulation factors as potential predictors of COVID-19 patient outcomes","authors":"Dwi Anggita, Irawaty Djaharuddin, Harun Iskandar, Nur Ahmad Tabri, Jamaluddin Madolangan, Harry Akza Putrawan, Edward Pandu Wiriansya","doi":"10.13181/mji.oa.236992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.oa.236992","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Causes of death and length of hospitalization in patients with COVID-19 have been associated with coagulopathy. The coagulopathy mechanism involves the process of coagulation and endothelial damage triggered by an inflammatory response of the SARS-CoV-2 infection due to excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to determine the association of coagulation factors as potential predictors of COVID-19 patient outcomes.
 METHODS This retrospective study was performed on 595 patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, from June 2020 to June 2021. Participants were recruited using total sampling and assessed for COVID-19 severity using the World Health Organization classification and coagulation factors (D-dimer, fibrinogen, thrombocyte, and prothrombin time [PT]). Patient outcome assessments were survival and length of hospitalization.
 RESULTS We found a significant sex-based disparity, with a higher COVID-19 incidence in males. Severe cases were more common among those aged >50 years, with prolonged hospitalization (>10 days) linked to higher severity (odds ratio [OR] = 2.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.31–3.77, p<0.001). Elevated fibrinogen and D-dimer levels, as well as prolonged PT, predicted severe cases. However, D-dimer had the highest influence compared to other coagulation factors (OR = 14.50, 95% CI = 5.85–35.95, p<0.001), while prolonged PT influenced mortality rates (OR = 4.02, 95% CI = 1.35–12.00, p = 0.01).
 CONCLUSIONS Coagulation factors, such as elevated D-dimer and fibrinogen levels and prolonged PT, predicted the severity of COVID-19 patients leading to death.","PeriodicalId":18302,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135616574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Type II arachnoid cyst of the quadrigeminal cistern is the rarest type of arachnoid cyst (10% prevalence) in adults and is generally asymptomatic. We reported an unusual case of chronic right-sided migraine provoked by right eye adduction, right eye adduction soreness, and dry eye symptoms in a 47-year-old woman with quadrigeminal arachnoid cyst confirmed by radiological findings with the compression of the tectal plate, vermis, and superomedial cerebellum’s part. She was treated conservatively without improvement for 1 year before surgical intervention was conducted. Microsurgery for cyst excision and fenestration was done, followed by immediate relief from all her complaints after 3 months of follow-up. These findings should help clinicians consider surgical intervention for patients with chronic symptoms related to nerve function that have no improvement with the initial treatment.
{"title":"Quadrigeminal plate arachnoid cyst presenting with eye movement related migraine: a rare case report","authors":"Yemima Graciela, Robert Shen, Mardjono Tjahjadi","doi":"10.13181/mji.cr.236858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.cr.236858","url":null,"abstract":"Type II arachnoid cyst of the quadrigeminal cistern is the rarest type of arachnoid cyst (10% prevalence) in adults and is generally asymptomatic. We reported an unusual case of chronic right-sided migraine provoked by right eye adduction, right eye adduction soreness, and dry eye symptoms in a 47-year-old woman with quadrigeminal arachnoid cyst confirmed by radiological findings with the compression of the tectal plate, vermis, and superomedial cerebellum’s part. She was treated conservatively without improvement for 1 year before surgical intervention was conducted. Microsurgery for cyst excision and fenestration was done, followed by immediate relief from all her complaints after 3 months of follow-up. These findings should help clinicians consider surgical intervention for patients with chronic symptoms related to nerve function that have no improvement with the initial treatment.","PeriodicalId":18302,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Regular ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is commonly used as the first option to manage a third ventricular arachnoid cyst due to the lack of facilities, unfamiliarity with endoscopic techniques, or misdiagnosis as purely obstructive hydrocephalus. A 9-year-old girl with obstructive hydrocephalus due to a third ventricular arachnoid cyst was treated with a VP shunt. 2 months later, the previous shunt device was removed due to an infection. Following a sterile cerebrospinal fluid analysis culture, we conducted a navigation-assisted transventricular transforaminal endoscopic fenestration and cysto-VP programmable shunt placement. A decrease in ventricular dilatation was seen on follow-up. This approach was justified due to the possibility of establishing communication with normal cisterns, the high rate of cyst elimination, and the potential for achieving shunt independence. Performing an endoscopic fenestration followed by cysto-VP shunt placement could be an optimal option for managing this condition.
{"title":"Transventricular transforaminal endoscopic fenestration with cysto-ventriculoperitoneal shunt to manage a third ventricular arachnoid cyst: a case report","authors":"Nia Yuliatri, Ingrid Ayke Widjaya, Alphadenti Harlyjoy, Gibran Aditiara Wibawa, None Satyanegara","doi":"10.13181/mji.cr.236856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.cr.236856","url":null,"abstract":"Regular ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is commonly used as the first option to manage a third ventricular arachnoid cyst due to the lack of facilities, unfamiliarity with endoscopic techniques, or misdiagnosis as purely obstructive hydrocephalus. A 9-year-old girl with obstructive hydrocephalus due to a third ventricular arachnoid cyst was treated with a VP shunt. 2 months later, the previous shunt device was removed due to an infection. Following a sterile cerebrospinal fluid analysis culture, we conducted a navigation-assisted transventricular transforaminal endoscopic fenestration and cysto-VP programmable shunt placement. A decrease in ventricular dilatation was seen on follow-up. This approach was justified due to the possibility of establishing communication with normal cisterns, the high rate of cyst elimination, and the potential for achieving shunt independence. Performing an endoscopic fenestration followed by cysto-VP shunt placement could be an optimal option for managing this condition.","PeriodicalId":18302,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135992938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND A seizure is a brief change in the normal neuronal electrical activity of the brain that causes changes in consciousness, perception, behavior, or movement. This study aimed to evaluate clinical findings, initial electroencephalography (EEG), and brain imaging findings as predictors of seizure recurrence after the first nonfebrile seizure.
METHODS This prospective follow-up study was conducted at Azadi Teaching Hospital, Kirkuk from July 2019 to January 2022 and enrolled 150 patients, ranging from 1 month to 15 years of age, who presented with their first afebrile seizure. The seizure types were classified based on the International League Against Epilepsy in 2017. A brain imaging with EEG was performed within 72 hours after admission.
RESULTS The median age of the patients was 5 years. A higher risk of seizure recurrence occurred in patients with focal seizure (relative risk [RR] = 6.604) (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.975–10.971), seizure occurrence at sleep (RR = 3.815) (95% CI 2.410–6.039), an abnormal neurological presentation such as Todd’s paralysis (RR = 1.739) (95% CI 1.252–2.415), a positive family history of seizures (RR = 2.333) (95% CI 1.598–3.408), abnormal EEG (RR = 0.171) (95% CI 0.092–0.318), and abnormal brain image findings (RR = 0.681) (95% CI 0.492–0.941) within 72 hours. Seizure recurrence was not correlated with sex.
CONCLUSIONS Early and late childhood new-onset afebrile seizures with a positive family history, focal epilepsy, seizure during sleep, prolonged attack duration with frequent attacks within 24 hours, and abnormal initial EEG and brain image had a high risk of seizure recurrence.
{"title":"Risk of seizure recurrence in children with new-onset afebrile seizure","authors":"Mufeed Akram Taha, Noorjan Abdullah Muhammed","doi":"10.13181/mji.oa.236927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.oa.236927","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND A seizure is a brief change in the normal neuronal electrical activity of the brain that causes changes in consciousness, perception, behavior, or movement. This study aimed to evaluate clinical findings, initial electroencephalography (EEG), and brain imaging findings as predictors of seizure recurrence after the first nonfebrile seizure.
 METHODS This prospective follow-up study was conducted at Azadi Teaching Hospital, Kirkuk from July 2019 to January 2022 and enrolled 150 patients, ranging from 1 month to 15 years of age, who presented with their first afebrile seizure. The seizure types were classified based on the International League Against Epilepsy in 2017. A brain imaging with EEG was performed within 72 hours after admission.
 RESULTS The median age of the patients was 5 years. A higher risk of seizure recurrence occurred in patients with focal seizure (relative risk [RR] = 6.604) (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.975–10.971), seizure occurrence at sleep (RR = 3.815) (95% CI 2.410–6.039), an abnormal neurological presentation such as Todd’s paralysis (RR = 1.739) (95% CI 1.252–2.415), a positive family history of seizures (RR = 2.333) (95% CI 1.598–3.408), abnormal EEG (RR = 0.171) (95% CI 0.092–0.318), and abnormal brain image findings (RR = 0.681) (95% CI 0.492–0.941) within 72 hours. Seizure recurrence was not correlated with sex.
 CONCLUSIONS Early and late childhood new-onset afebrile seizures with a positive family history, focal epilepsy, seizure during sleep, prolonged attack duration with frequent attacks within 24 hours, and abnormal initial EEG and brain image had a high risk of seizure recurrence.","PeriodicalId":18302,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is a rare genetical disorder, characterized with pigmentary abnormalities of the eyes, skin, hair, dystopia canthorum, and sensorineural deafness. In Majene, West Sulawesi, 12 members of a 4-generation family presented manifestations of WS. We examined the presence of mutations in 5 family members with type 1 WS and the other 5 normal phenotype family members to identify mutations of PAX3 and MITF genes. Ophthalmic examination and peripheral blood test were done. Conventional polymerase chain reaction and direct Sanger sequencing were then performed to detect the mutation. 26 mutations of PAX3 gene were only identified in patients with major and minor criteria, including 7 missense mutations (substitutions) and 2 insertions in exons 1, 2, and 6, as well as 17 intronic changes in intron 8. No mutations were detected in MITF gene.
{"title":"Mutation of <em>PAX3</em> and <em>MITF</em> genes in a family with type 1 Waardenburg syndrome: a case series","authors":"Habibah Setyawati Muhiddin, Ulfah Rimayanti, Fadhlullah Latama, Andi Muhammad Ichsan, Marliyanti Nurrahmah Akib, Adelina Titirina Poli, None Budu, Andi Pratiwi","doi":"10.13181/mji.cr.236954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.cr.236954","url":null,"abstract":"Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is a rare genetical disorder, characterized with pigmentary abnormalities of the eyes, skin, hair, dystopia canthorum, and sensorineural deafness. In Majene, West Sulawesi, 12 members of a 4-generation family presented manifestations of WS. We examined the presence of mutations in 5 family members with type 1 WS and the other 5 normal phenotype family members to identify mutations of PAX3 and MITF genes. Ophthalmic examination and peripheral blood test were done. Conventional polymerase chain reaction and direct Sanger sequencing were then performed to detect the mutation. 26 mutations of PAX3 gene were only identified in patients with major and minor criteria, including 7 missense mutations (substitutions) and 2 insertions in exons 1, 2, and 6, as well as 17 intronic changes in intron 8. No mutations were detected in MITF gene.","PeriodicalId":18302,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135591895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kemas Abdurrohim, Pradana Soewondo, Fiastuti Witjaksono, Hasan Mihardja, Wresti Indriatmi, Heri Wibowo, Selfi Handayani, Nurhadi Ibrahim
BACKGROUND Obesity may be associated with declined food consumption control through neurological and behavioral processes, as well as heightened responsiveness of the brain’s reward systems. Performing neuroimaging and neurophysiological methods such as electroencephalography (EEG) can examine the connection between brain function and behavior. This study aimed to identify brain regulation of feeding behavior to food cues, which could be a potential neuromodulatory intervention target in adult obesity.
METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, involving 40 adults with obesity. EEG analysis was performed to measure electrophysiological brain activity during eyes-open condition and during exposure to high-calorie food cues. Student’s t-tests were performed to identify any significant differences between the groups (p<0.05).
RESULTS Beta waves in the frontal (channel F7) and gamma waves in the central (channels C3 and C4) and parietal (channels P3 and P4) regions were significantly increased during food cues compared to resting state/eyes-open condition without stimulation. Theta waves in the frontal (channels F7 and F8), central (channel C3), and parietal (channels P3 and P4) regions and alpha waves in the central (channels C3 and C4) and parietal (channels P3 and P4) regions were significantly decreased during food cues compared with resting state.
CONCLUSIONS In adults with obesity, increased beta activity in the frontal and gamma in the central and parietal regions suggested increased food-cue awareness and heightened attentional focus toward food stimuli. Additionally, decreased alpha and theta activities in frontal regions could underline deficits in executive functions and higher motivation.
{"title":"Food-induced brain activity in adult obesity: a quantitative electroencephalographic study","authors":"Kemas Abdurrohim, Pradana Soewondo, Fiastuti Witjaksono, Hasan Mihardja, Wresti Indriatmi, Heri Wibowo, Selfi Handayani, Nurhadi Ibrahim","doi":"10.13181/mji.oa.236974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.oa.236974","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Obesity may be associated with declined food consumption control through neurological and behavioral processes, as well as heightened responsiveness of the brain’s reward systems. Performing neuroimaging and neurophysiological methods such as electroencephalography (EEG) can examine the connection between brain function and behavior. This study aimed to identify brain regulation of feeding behavior to food cues, which could be a potential neuromodulatory intervention target in adult obesity.
 METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, involving 40 adults with obesity. EEG analysis was performed to measure electrophysiological brain activity during eyes-open condition and during exposure to high-calorie food cues. Student’s t-tests were performed to identify any significant differences between the groups (p<0.05).
 RESULTS Beta waves in the frontal (channel F7) and gamma waves in the central (channels C3 and C4) and parietal (channels P3 and P4) regions were significantly increased during food cues compared to resting state/eyes-open condition without stimulation. Theta waves in the frontal (channels F7 and F8), central (channel C3), and parietal (channels P3 and P4) regions and alpha waves in the central (channels C3 and C4) and parietal (channels P3 and P4) regions were significantly decreased during food cues compared with resting state.
 CONCLUSIONS In adults with obesity, increased beta activity in the frontal and gamma in the central and parietal regions suggested increased food-cue awareness and heightened attentional focus toward food stimuli. Additionally, decreased alpha and theta activities in frontal regions could underline deficits in executive functions and higher motivation.","PeriodicalId":18302,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135697623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND High neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and fibrinogen levels have been associated with mortality in several malignancies. However, the studies on the association between NLR or fibrinogen levels and ovarian cancer prognosis are inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic roles of NLR and fibrinogen in ovarian cancer.
METHODS A systematic search of electronic databases was performed to analyze studies on the association of pre-treatment NLR and fibrinogen levels with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) among patients with ovarian cancer. The hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals [CIs] were analyzed. All statistical analyses were done using RevMan version 5.4 (Cochrane, United Kingdom).
RESULTS A total of 7,312 patients from 27 studies were included. The median cut-off for high NLR was 3.6 for OS among 17 studies and 3.23 for PFS among 11 studies reporting an NLR HR. The median cut-off for fibrinogen levels was 4.0 in 9 studies reporting fibrinogen levels HR. High NLR was associated with lower OS (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.55, p<0.0001, I2 = 76%) and PFS (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.60, p = 0.0005, I2 = 71%). High fibrinogen levels were associated with lower OS (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.82, p = 0.002, I2 = 81%) and PFS (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.55, p<0.0001, I2 = 15%). This association occurred in all ovarian cancer types.
CONCLUSIONS High pre-treatment NLR and plasma fibrinogen levels were related to poor OS and PFS in ovarian cancer.
背景:高中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率(NLR)和纤维蛋白原水平与几种恶性肿瘤的死亡率有关。然而，关于NLR或纤维蛋白原水平与卵巢癌预后的关系的研究并不一致。本研究旨在探讨NLR和纤维蛋白原在卵巢癌预后中的作用。方法系统检索电子数据库，分析卵巢癌患者治疗前NLR和纤维蛋白原水平与总生存期(OS)和无进展生存期(PFS)的相关性研究。分析风险比(HR)和相应的95%置信区间(ci)。所有统计分析均使用RevMan version 5.4 (Cochrane, uk)完成。
结果共纳入27项研究的7312例患者。在报告NLR HR的17项研究中，OS的高NLR的中位截止值为3.6，在11项研究中，PFS的中位截止值为3.23。在9项报告纤维蛋白原水平HR的研究中，纤维蛋白原水平的中位截止值为4.0。高NLR与较低的OS (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.18 ~ 1.55, p<0.0001, I2 = 76%)和PFS (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.14 ~ 1.60, p = 0.0005, I2 = 71%)相关。高纤维蛋白原水平与较低的OS (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.14 ~ 1.82, p = 0.002, I2 = 81%)和PFS (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.17 ~ 1.55, p<0.0001, I2 = 15%)相关。这种关联发生在所有类型的卵巢癌中。
结论卵巢癌患者治疗前NLR和血浆纤维蛋白原水平高与不良的OS和PFS有关。
{"title":"Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and fibrinogen levels in ovarian cancer","authors":"Roudhona Rosaudyn, Faradillah Mutiani, Indra Yuliati, Birama Robby Indraprasta","doi":"10.13181/mji.oa.236880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.oa.236880","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND High neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and fibrinogen levels have been associated with mortality in several malignancies. However, the studies on the association between NLR or fibrinogen levels and ovarian cancer prognosis are inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic roles of NLR and fibrinogen in ovarian cancer.
 METHODS A systematic search of electronic databases was performed to analyze studies on the association of pre-treatment NLR and fibrinogen levels with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) among patients with ovarian cancer. The hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals [CIs] were analyzed. All statistical analyses were done using RevMan version 5.4 (Cochrane, United Kingdom).
 RESULTS A total of 7,312 patients from 27 studies were included. The median cut-off for high NLR was 3.6 for OS among 17 studies and 3.23 for PFS among 11 studies reporting an NLR HR. The median cut-off for fibrinogen levels was 4.0 in 9 studies reporting fibrinogen levels HR. High NLR was associated with lower OS (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.55, p<0.0001, I2 = 76%) and PFS (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.60, p = 0.0005, I2 = 71%). High fibrinogen levels were associated with lower OS (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.82, p = 0.002, I2 = 81%) and PFS (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.55, p<0.0001, I2 = 15%). This association occurred in all ovarian cancer types.
 CONCLUSIONS High pre-treatment NLR and plasma fibrinogen levels were related to poor OS and PFS in ovarian cancer.","PeriodicalId":18302,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135902377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agus Rizal Ardy Hariandy Hamid, Ferdiansyah Sultan Ayasasmita Rusdhy, Prasandhya Astagiri Yusuf
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{"title":"Metaverse in Medical Education","authors":"Agus Rizal Ardy Hariandy Hamid, Ferdiansyah Sultan Ayasasmita Rusdhy, Prasandhya Astagiri Yusuf","doi":"10.13181/mji.com.236932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.com.236932","url":null,"abstract":"-","PeriodicalId":18302,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135060036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dewi Friska, Aria Kekalih, Muhammad Erlangga Putra Harimurti, Deviena Nabila
BACKGROUND Prochaska’s transtheoretical model of behavioral change process, consisting of stages and processes of change, should be monitored to evaluate obesity management, particularly in adolescents. Two of four processes of change are supporting relationships, which promote behavioral change, and weight management actions, which are activities that push individuals to a particular direction in patients’ weight loss progress. This study aimed to determine the participants’ current stages of change, nutritional status, and their relationship with the processes of change.
METHODS This cross-sectional study used secondary data collected in 2018 from 115 obese adolescents aged 15–21 years in Jakarta, Indonesia, using an Indonesian-translated and validated questionnaire adapted from Andrés et al’s study. The questionnaire evaluated participants’ processes of change, focusing on scores of supporting relationships (5 items) and weight management actions (10 items).
RESULTS Of the participants, 71.3% were classified as obese grade I, and 28.7% were obese grade II. Most participants were in the contemplation (31.3%) and action (31.3%) stages. The mean supporting relationships and weight management actions scores were different between participants with obese I and obese II (66.67 versus 80, p = 0.004; 64.17 versus 70, p = 0.008, respectively). Meanwhile, no differences were identified in supporting relationships and weight management actions scores in all stages of change.
CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with obesity and higher BMI (based on the obesity grading of the WHO Asia Pacific) tended to have significantly higher scores for supporting relationships and weight management actions, indicating that external reinforcement and immediate weight loss actions played pivotal roles in readiness for behavioral change.
Prochaska的行为改变过程的跨理论模型，包括改变的阶段和过程，应该被监测以评估肥胖管理，特别是青少年。四个改变过程中的两个是支持关系，促进行为改变，以及体重管理行动，这是在患者减肥过程中推动个人走向特定方向的活动。本研究旨在确定参与者目前的变化阶段、营养状况及其与变化过程的关系。
方法:本横断面研究使用了2018年从印度尼西亚雅加达115名15-21岁的肥胖青少年中收集的二手数据，使用了改编自andr等人研究的印尼语翻译和验证问卷。问卷评估了参与者的改变过程，重点关注支持关系(5个项目)和体重管理行动(10个项目)的得分。结果:71.3%的参与者为1级肥胖，28.7%为2级肥胖。大多数参与者处于沉思(31.3%)和行动(31.3%)阶段。肥胖I型和肥胖II型参与者的平均支持关系和体重管理行动得分不同(66.67比80,p = 0.004;64.17 vs 70, p = 0.008)。同时，在改变的各个阶段，支持关系和体重管理行动得分没有差异。
结论:肥胖和高BMI的青少年(基于WHO亚太肥胖分级)倾向于在支持关系和体重管理行动方面得分显著较高，表明外部强化和立即减肥行动在行为改变的准备中起关键作用。
{"title":"Behavioral change readiness among obese adolescents in Jakarta, Indonesia","authors":"Dewi Friska, Aria Kekalih, Muhammad Erlangga Putra Harimurti, Deviena Nabila","doi":"10.13181/mji.oa.236543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.oa.236543","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Prochaska’s transtheoretical model of behavioral change process, consisting of stages and processes of change, should be monitored to evaluate obesity management, particularly in adolescents. Two of four processes of change are supporting relationships, which promote behavioral change, and weight management actions, which are activities that push individuals to a particular direction in patients’ weight loss progress. This study aimed to determine the participants’ current stages of change, nutritional status, and their relationship with the processes of change.
 METHODS This cross-sectional study used secondary data collected in 2018 from 115 obese adolescents aged 15–21 years in Jakarta, Indonesia, using an Indonesian-translated and validated questionnaire adapted from Andrés et al’s study. The questionnaire evaluated participants’ processes of change, focusing on scores of supporting relationships (5 items) and weight management actions (10 items).
 RESULTS Of the participants, 71.3% were classified as obese grade I, and 28.7% were obese grade II. Most participants were in the contemplation (31.3%) and action (31.3%) stages. The mean supporting relationships and weight management actions scores were different between participants with obese I and obese II (66.67 versus 80, p = 0.004; 64.17 versus 70, p = 0.008, respectively). Meanwhile, no differences were identified in supporting relationships and weight management actions scores in all stages of change.
 CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with obesity and higher BMI (based on the obesity grading of the WHO Asia Pacific) tended to have significantly higher scores for supporting relationships and weight management actions, indicating that external reinforcement and immediate weight loss actions played pivotal roles in readiness for behavioral change.","PeriodicalId":18302,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134912446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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