La investigación se realizó en la Estación Experimental de Kallutaca, de la Carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica, ubicada en el municipio de Laja, en el departamento de La Paz, en un periodo de 9 semanas. La necesidad de encontrar fuentes alternativas para la producción de cuyes, justifica el uso de aditivos y suplementos para la elaboración de raciones, bajo este efecto surge el principal objetivo de evaluar el comportamiento productivo de la crianza de cuyes (Cavia aparea porcellus), bajo el efecto de tres niveles de cuy-pack en la dieta alimenticia, durante las etapas de crecimiento y engorde. Para el presente estudio se emplearon 64 cuyes, distribuidos en un diseño completo al azar con arreglo factorial. Factor A niveles de cuy-pack y factor B sexo (macho y hembra). Los resultados muestran que el cuy-pack no incide sobre el consumo efectivo de alimento. La mejor conversión alimenticia se registró en el tratamiento T3 con 4.30 g g-1, el factor sexo presenta una mejor asimilación de la ración balanceada en hembras con 5.34 g g-1. La mayor ganancia media diaria registró el tratamiento T3, con una velocidad de crecimiento de 5.86 g día-1. En relación a ganancia de peso acumulado, el tratamiento T3 alcanzó una ganancia de 376.17 g. El mejor rendimiento a la canal muestra del tratamiento T3 con 68.22 %, donde los machos presentan un mayor rendimiento a la canal con 67.21 %. El nivel 0.60 % de cuy-pack es recomendable para la aplicación en la ración alimenticia de cuyes.
这项研究是在位于拉巴斯省拉贾市的农业工程职业的Kallutaca实验站进行的，为期9周。需要找到替代性生产cuyes,证明使用添加剂和补充制定口粮,在为此目的是评估的主要目标cuyes生产性养育行为(Cavia aparea porcellus),由三层效应cuy-pack食品饮食中,增长和育肥阶段。本研究采用完全随机设计，采用因子排列的64只豚鼠。因素A和因素B性别(男性和女性)。结果表明，cu -pack对食物的有效消耗量没有影响。T3处理的饲料转化率为4.30 g g-1，性别因子对平衡饲粮的同化率为5.34 g g-1。T3处理的平均日增重最高，生长率为5.86 g d -1。在累积增重方面，T3处理的增重为376.17 g。T3处理的根管产量最高，为68.22%，雄性根管产量最高，为67.21%。0.60%的cou -pack水平推荐用于豚鼠的饲料配给。
{"title":"Evaluación del comportamiento productivo de cuyes (Cavia aparea porcellus) de ambos sexos, alimentados con diferentes niveles de “cuy-pack”, en la Estación Experimental de Kallutaca","authors":"Z. Roque, E. Gutiérrez, V. Condori","doi":"10.53287/udcv7355id98z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/udcv7355id98z","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000La investigación se realizó en la Estación Experimental de Kallutaca, de la Carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica, ubicada en el municipio de Laja, en el departamento de La Paz, en un periodo de 9 semanas. La necesidad de encontrar fuentes alternativas para la producción de cuyes, justifica el uso de aditivos y suplementos para la elaboración de raciones, bajo este efecto surge el principal objetivo de evaluar el comportamiento productivo de la crianza de cuyes (Cavia aparea porcellus), bajo el efecto de tres niveles de cuy-pack en la dieta alimenticia, durante las etapas de crecimiento y engorde. Para el presente estudio se emplearon 64 cuyes, distribuidos en un diseño completo al azar con arreglo factorial. Factor A niveles de cuy-pack y factor B sexo (macho y hembra). Los resultados muestran que el cuy-pack no incide sobre el consumo efectivo de alimento. La mejor conversión alimenticia se registró en el tratamiento T3 con 4.30 g g-1, el factor sexo presenta una mejor asimilación de la ración balanceada en hembras con 5.34 g g-1. La mayor ganancia media diaria registró el tratamiento T3, con una velocidad de crecimiento de 5.86 g día-1. En relación a ganancia de peso acumulado, el tratamiento T3 alcanzó una ganancia de 376.17 g. El mejor rendimiento a la canal muestra del tratamiento T3 con 68.22 %, donde los machos presentan un mayor rendimiento a la canal con 67.21 %. El nivel 0.60 % de cuy-pack es recomendable para la aplicación en la ración alimenticia de cuyes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":183200,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigación e Innovación Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126161453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miguel A. López, V. Orsag, Roberto Miranda, Magali García
La agricultura en Bolivia cuenta con varios sistemas de producción agrícola, donde el presente trabajo caracteriza las condiciones de producción agropecuaria en tierras bajas de Bolivia, identificando el manejo y deterioro de sus suelos. Así mismo, se cuenta con el índice de calidad de suelos el cual permite identificar el estado y las condiciones de los suelos de las tierras bajas. La investigación fue realizada en tres comunidades del municipio de Yapacani, Santa Cruz. El objetivo fue determinar el efecto del sistema de producción del cultivo de la soja, sobre el comportamiento de las propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas, en áreas naturales y en parcelas de 3, 8, 12 y 23 años con la soja. Para la determinación del sistema de producción se realizó una serie de encuestas y entrevistas a los productores, identificando, las prácticas agronómicas, manejo de agroquímicos, entre otros. Para determinar el índice de calidad de suelos se analizó las propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas, donde se realizó una ponderación de cada uno de ellas, llevándolos a una escala de 0 a 1. Los resultados obtenidos identifican que las comunidades cuentan con un sistema de producción agropecuario mixto extensivo. Donde los suelos son de textura franco limosa, arcillosa limosa y franco, a la vez existe una variación en la compactación del suelo y en la porosidad, contenido de nutrientes y producción de CO2, al determinar este índice, se demuestra una tendencia de reducción de los valores, donde las áreas naturales de 3 y 8 años de producción, cuentan con valores de 0.65, 0.67 y 0.66 y las parcelas de 12 y 23 años, obtuvieron valores menores (entre 0.58 y 0.49).
{"title":"Caracterización del sistema de producción agrícola y evaluación de la calidad del suelo en el cultivo de soja (Glycine max) en tierras bajas de Bolivia","authors":"Miguel A. López, V. Orsag, Roberto Miranda, Magali García","doi":"10.53287/ucsd8463fe81f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/ucsd8463fe81f","url":null,"abstract":"La agricultura en Bolivia cuenta con varios sistemas de producción agrícola, donde el presente trabajo caracteriza las condiciones de producción agropecuaria en tierras bajas de Bolivia, identificando el manejo y deterioro de sus suelos. Así mismo, se cuenta con el índice de calidad de suelos el cual permite identificar el estado y las condiciones de los suelos de las tierras bajas. La investigación fue realizada en tres comunidades del municipio de Yapacani, Santa Cruz. El objetivo fue determinar el efecto del sistema de producción del cultivo de la soja, sobre el comportamiento de las propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas, en áreas naturales y en parcelas de 3, 8, 12 y 23 años con la soja. Para la determinación del sistema de producción se realizó una serie de encuestas y entrevistas a los productores, identificando, las prácticas agronómicas, manejo de agroquímicos, entre otros. Para determinar el índice de calidad de suelos se analizó las propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas, donde se realizó una ponderación de cada uno de ellas, llevándolos a una escala de 0 a 1. Los resultados obtenidos identifican que las comunidades cuentan con un sistema de producción agropecuario mixto extensivo. Donde los suelos son de textura franco limosa, arcillosa limosa y franco, a la vez existe una variación en la compactación del suelo y en la porosidad, contenido de nutrientes y producción de CO2, al determinar este índice, se demuestra una tendencia de reducción de los valores, donde las áreas naturales de 3 y 8 años de producción, cuentan con valores de 0.65, 0.67 y 0.66 y las parcelas de 12 y 23 años, obtuvieron valores menores (entre 0.58 y 0.49).","PeriodicalId":183200,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigación e Innovación Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133852612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rice constitutes the food base of large developed and developing regions; increasing its production is an essential element in the fight against hunger and malnutrition. In this sense, the objective of the research is to carry out the agronomic evaluation of six rice varieties planted in two seasons, under irrigation, in the municipality of San Buenaventura. The research was carried out in the Santa Rosita community, San Buenaventura canton, department of La Paz, Bolivia. The factors used were rice varieties (SAAVEDRA 27, MAC-18, CAISY 50, IAC-103, EPAGRI-109 and PAITITÍ) and sowing seasons (dry and wet), resulting in 12 treatments; the response variables were days to flowering, days to harvest, number of tillers per plant, plant height, panicle length, number of panicles, number of grains per panicle, percentage of mature grains, weight of 1000 grams and yield. The varieties CAISY 50 and EPAGRI-109 showed the same behavior and a higher number of days to flowering and days to harvest than the other varieties, which shows that they have a longer biomass formation time. Yields in dry season (5 054.52 kg ha-1) and wet season (3 340.50 kg ha-1) differed considerably, the yields obtained in dry season were statistically similar, affirming that any variety is recommended in dry season; in wet season there were differences, with the CAISY 50 variety having the highest recommended yield (3 340.50 kg ha-1). The new high-yielding varieties and the use of improved rice cultivation practices have shown that in areas with sufficient water availability, it is possible to obtain high yields, giving farmers the possibility to be competitive and efficient.
大米是发达地区和发展中地区的粮食基础;增加其产量是与饥饿和营养不良作斗争的一个基本要素。从这个意义上说，本研究的目的是对圣布埃纳文图拉市两个季节灌溉下种植的六个水稻品种进行农艺评价。这项研究是在玻利维亚拉巴斯省圣布埃纳文图拉州圣罗西塔社区进行的。以水稻品种(SAAVEDRA 27、MAC-18、CAISY 50、IAC-103、EPAGRI-109和PAITITÍ)和播种季节(干湿)为影响因素，共12个处理;响应变量为开花天数、收获天数、单株分蘖数、株高、穗长、穗数、每穗粒数、成熟粒率、千粒重和产量。品种CAISY 50和EPAGRI-109表现出相同的行为，且开花和收获天数均高于其他品种，说明它们具有较长的生物量形成时间。旱季产量(5 054.52 kg ha-1)与雨季产量(3 340.50 kg ha-1)差异较大，旱季产量具有统计学上的相似性，说明在旱季任何品种均可推荐;在丰水期存在差异，以casisy 50品种推荐产量最高(3 340.50 kg hm -1)。新的高产品种和改良水稻种植方法的使用表明，在水资源充足的地区，有可能获得高产，使农民有可能具有竞争力和效率。
{"title":"Evaluación agronómica de seis variedades de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) sembradas en dos épocas bajo riego, en el municipio de San Buenaventura, Bolivia","authors":"Pamela Cordero Flores, F. Delgado","doi":"10.53287/xivu8492oe20n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/xivu8492oe20n","url":null,"abstract":"Rice constitutes the food base of large developed and developing regions; increasing its production is an essential element in the fight against hunger and malnutrition. In this sense, the objective of the research is to carry out the agronomic evaluation of six rice varieties planted in two seasons, under irrigation, in the municipality of San Buenaventura. The research was carried out in the Santa Rosita community, San Buenaventura canton, department of La Paz, Bolivia. The factors used were rice varieties (SAAVEDRA 27, MAC-18, CAISY 50, IAC-103, EPAGRI-109 and PAITITÍ) and sowing seasons (dry and wet), resulting in 12 treatments; the response variables were days to flowering, days to harvest, number of tillers per plant, plant height, panicle length, number of panicles, number of grains per panicle, percentage of mature grains, weight of 1000 grams and yield. The varieties CAISY 50 and EPAGRI-109 showed the same behavior and a higher number of days to flowering and days to harvest than the other varieties, which shows that they have a longer biomass formation time. Yields in dry season (5 054.52 kg ha-1) and wet season (3 340.50 kg ha-1) differed considerably, the yields obtained in dry season were statistically similar, affirming that any variety is recommended in dry season; in wet season there were differences, with the CAISY 50 variety having the highest recommended yield (3 340.50 kg ha-1). The new high-yielding varieties and the use of improved rice cultivation practices have shown that in areas with sufficient water availability, it is possible to obtain high yields, giving farmers the possibility to be competitive and efficient.","PeriodicalId":183200,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigación e Innovación Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127768326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An in situ inventory is made of the native and introduced plant species that are cultivated and marketed in the four Pelileo plant nurseries, and all of their owners are interviewed. The dual hypothesis that the nurseries represent an economic and business option for the integration of women in rural areas and that the use of introduced plant species in the nurseries is superior to that of native species in Pelileo, Tungurahua, Ecuador is validated. The main objective is their characterization. These nurseries are individually organized with less than 20 years since their creation, limited infrastructure, few employees, and low production volume. Half are the entrepreneurship initiatives of middle-aged women and 75 % of their owners do not have professional and technical degrees. They have cultivated and commercialized 129 species that have not been labeled nor is their origin reflected; they correspond to 50 botanical families, the majority of which belong to Crassulaceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, and Solanaceae. Among the species 84.50 % are introduced from America, Asia, Africa, Europe, and Oceania. The species are mainly perennial herbs, shrubs, and trees. The nurseries are a type of producer-marketer mix with 70.54% of the species being used for ornamental, food, medicinal and forestry purposes, which are sold cheaply directly to the public. Half of the nursery workers are completely dedicated to their nurseries. They have diverse training needs and their suppliers are national. These nurseries promote sustainable self-employment and constitute a strategic response to the limitations of a rural environment, especially in regards to the incorporation of women into the sustainability of a paid living.
{"title":"Caracterización de los viveros de Pelileo, Tungurahua, Ecuador","authors":"A. O. Rivero-Guerra","doi":"10.53287/tpjc7586ek97g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/tpjc7586ek97g","url":null,"abstract":"An in situ inventory is made of the native and introduced plant species that are cultivated and marketed in the four Pelileo plant nurseries, and all of their owners are interviewed. The dual hypothesis that the nurseries represent an economic and business option for the integration of women in rural areas and that the use of introduced plant species in the nurseries is superior to that of native species in Pelileo, Tungurahua, Ecuador is validated. The main objective is their characterization. These nurseries are individually organized with less than 20 years since their creation, limited infrastructure, few employees, and low production volume. Half are the entrepreneurship initiatives of middle-aged women and 75 % of their owners do not have professional and technical degrees. They have cultivated and commercialized 129 species that have not been labeled nor is their origin reflected; they correspond to 50 botanical families, the majority of which belong to Crassulaceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, and Solanaceae. Among the species 84.50 % are introduced from America, Asia, Africa, Europe, and Oceania. The species are mainly perennial herbs, shrubs, and trees. The nurseries are a type of producer-marketer mix with 70.54% of the species being used for ornamental, food, medicinal and forestry purposes, which are sold cheaply directly to the public. Half of the nursery workers are completely dedicated to their nurseries. They have diverse training needs and their suppliers are national. These nurseries promote sustainable self-employment and constitute a strategic response to the limitations of a rural environment, especially in regards to the incorporation of women into the sustainability of a paid living.","PeriodicalId":183200,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigación e Innovación Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114714196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evapotranspiration (ET) results from a simultaneous process of evaporation and transpiration. In a reference area, which occurs without water restrictions, it is called evapotranspiration of the reference crop (ETo). The Penman-Monteith FAO equation, proposed by Allen, Pereira, Raes and Smith (2006); Thornthwaite et al. (1944); Hargreaves et al. (1985); Blaney and Criddle (1950) and Turc (1961), was used for this study. The climatic information needed to estimate ETo is not sufficient because the local meteorological stations are very scarce and are no longer functioning, so data from the simulators recommended by FAO LocClim (2005) and NASA (power larc) were used. The Alto Beni region extends from 14º 56' 55'' to 15º 56' 14'' South and longitude 66º 48' 04'' to 67º 36' 42'' at an altitude of 300 to 1,800 m above sea level and covers an area of 4,836.62 km2. It is an important agricultural zone because it provides the city with a large part of its food products. The ETo results obtained in the spatial modeling show different values distributed in the region, which vary in each season of the year. It is asserted that, in most of the methods, the water deficit starts in the middle of April until September, and the highest peaks from October to March. The statistical analysis of the ETo results shows that the Thornthwaite model is the most accepted with an R2 correlation coefficient of 0.966, followed by Blaney-Criddle with 0.969, and in last place the Hargreaves and Turc methods. The most accepted and applied model for the area is Thornthwaite, which has a very similar behavior to the PM-FAO, it does not overestimate the water demands and its calculations reflect the events of the region.
蒸散发是蒸发和蒸腾共同作用的结果。在没有水分限制的参考区域，它被称为参考作物的蒸散发(ETo)。由Allen、Pereira、Raes和Smith(2006)提出的Penman-Monteith FAO方程;Thornthwaite et al. (1944);Hargreaves et al. (1985);本研究采用了Blaney和Criddle(1950)和Turc(1961)的数据。估计ETo所需的气候信息并不充分，因为当地气象站非常稀少，而且不再运作，因此使用了粮农组织LocClim(2005)和美国国家航空航天局(power larc)推荐的模拟器的数据。上贝尼地区从南纬14º56' 55 "到15º56' 14 "，经度66º48' 04 "到67º36' 42 "，海拔300至1800米，面积4836.62平方公里。它是一个重要的农业区，因为它为城市提供了很大一部分食品。空间模拟得到的ETo值在区域内呈不同的分布，且在一年中的各个季节有所不同。结果表明，在大多数方法中，水分亏缺开始于4月中旬至9月，亏缺高峰出现在10月至3月。对ETo结果的统计分析表明，Thornthwaite模型最容易被接受，R2相关系数为0.966，其次是Blaney-Criddle, R2相关系数为0.969，最后是Hargreaves和Turc方法。该地区最被接受和应用的模型是Thornthwaite，它的行为与PM-FAO非常相似，它没有高估水需求，其计算反映了该地区的事件。
{"title":"Estimación de la evapotranspiración a partir de datos satelitales para la región de Alto Beni, Norte de La Paz","authors":"Carlos Eduardo Choque Tarqui","doi":"10.53287/dmrt8855uy51u","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/dmrt8855uy51u","url":null,"abstract":"Evapotranspiration (ET) results from a simultaneous process of evaporation and transpiration. In a reference area, which occurs without water restrictions, it is called evapotranspiration of the reference crop (ETo). The Penman-Monteith FAO equation, proposed by Allen, Pereira, Raes and Smith (2006); Thornthwaite et al. (1944); Hargreaves et al. (1985); Blaney and Criddle (1950) and Turc (1961), was used for this study. The climatic information needed to estimate ETo is not sufficient because the local meteorological stations are very scarce and are no longer functioning, so data from the simulators recommended by FAO LocClim (2005) and NASA (power larc) were used. The Alto Beni region extends from 14º 56' 55'' to 15º 56' 14'' South and longitude 66º 48' 04'' to 67º 36' 42'' at an altitude of 300 to 1,800 m above sea level and covers an area of 4,836.62 km2. It is an important agricultural zone because it provides the city with a large part of its food products. The ETo results obtained in the spatial modeling show different values distributed in the region, which vary in each season of the year. It is asserted that, in most of the methods, the water deficit starts in the middle of April until September, and the highest peaks from October to March. The statistical analysis of the ETo results shows that the Thornthwaite model is the most accepted with an R2 correlation coefficient of 0.966, followed by Blaney-Criddle with 0.969, and in last place the Hargreaves and Turc methods. The most accepted and applied model for the area is Thornthwaite, which has a very similar behavior to the PM-FAO, it does not overestimate the water demands and its calculations reflect the events of the region.","PeriodicalId":183200,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigación e Innovación Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129810487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the Central Altiplano of Bolivia, the production of forage oats is important for the feeding of herbivorous livestock; however, the yields obtained at the producer level register low averages in dry matter. The objective was to evaluate the agronomic performance of three oat varieties, with levels of ground coca leaf as green manure, at the Kallutaca Experimental Center in the department of La Paz. A randomized block design was applied with a divided plot arrangement with four replications. The factors were oat varieties (Aguila, Gaviota and Texas) and levels of ground coca (0, 30 and 60 t ha-1), with variables days to emergence, number of tillers, plant height and dry matter yield. The results at days to emergence show differences in time 60 and 0 t ha-1 with 14 and 11 days. In relation to the number of tillers per plant, in varieties the behavior is similar with an average of 7 tillers; in relation to interaction, the values show significance. In plant height, the means recorded for the Texas variety were 137.10 cm, in the interaction the values were equal. In dry matter, there were significant differences in 60 and 30 t ha-1 with 16 427.27 and 15 281.82 kgDM ha-1, the Gaviota variety with 14 706.06 kgDM ha-1. The treatments influenced the agronomic behavior of the variables studied, the levels of green manure affected oat yield, mainly the number of tillers, which in turn affected the dry matter yield, finally the oat varieties have a differential behavior with the change in the levels of green manure.
在玻利维亚的中部高原，饲草燕麦的生产对草食性牲畜的喂养很重要;然而，在生产者一级获得的干物质产量平均较低。目的是在拉巴斯省的Kallutaca实验中心评估三种燕麦品种的农艺性能，并将古柯叶磨碎作为绿肥。采用随机区组设计，分为4个重复。影响因子为燕麦品种(Aguila、Gaviota和Texas)和碾碎古柯水平(0,30和60 t ha-1)，出苗期、分蘖数、株高和干物质产量为变量。出苗后第1天的结果显示，第14天和第11天的60天和0 t ha-1时间存在差异。就每株分蘖数而言，各品种的表现相似，平均为7个分蘖;在相互作用方面，这些值显示出显著性。在株高上，得克萨斯品种的平均值为137.10 cm，在互作中，平均值相等。干物质方面，60和30 t hm -1差异显著，分别为16 427.27和15 281.82 kgDM ha-1，加维奥塔品种差异显著，分别为14 706.06 kgDM ha-1。不同处理影响各变量的农艺行为，绿肥水平影响燕麦产量，主要是分蘖数，分蘖数反过来影响干物质产量，最后，不同燕麦品种随绿肥水平的变化表现出差异行为。
Beatriz Mamani-Sánchez, M. Nova-Pinedo, Hugo Bosque-Sánchez
Within the Musaceae family, the Musa genus has acquired importance in food worldwide, either by direct consumption (fruit) or indirect (after cooking) as in the case of Bolivia, however by changing agro-economic activities this item is being affected, and also lack a mechanism for regeneration of seedlings free of diseases. The objective of the present study was to standardize the disinfection of Gran enano (banana) and Harton (plantain) seedlings with different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and to induce multiplication with the application of benzylaminopurine. The hyphal shoots of both varieties were subjected to two disinfection times, the first consisted of selecting the 10 to 12 cm long hyphal shoots and immersing them in 8 % sodium hypochlorite for 12 min and subsequently, were divided into two groups for the second disinfection of 2 and 4 % with sodium hypochlorite for 7 min, then rinsed and seeded in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2 mg L-1 BAP (benzylaminopurine) + 1 mg L-1 ANA (naphthaleneacetic acid). In the multiplication phase, the shoots were sown on culture media (MC1 = MS + 2.5 mg L-1 BAP + 1 mg L-1 ANA) and (MC2 = MS + 5 mg L-1 BAP + 1 mg L-1 ANA). It was determined that the combination of a first and second disinfection with 8 and 4 % NaClO disinfected 80 % in Gran enano and 40 % in Hartón, respectively. In the multiplication phase, it was determined that the MS culture medium supplemented with 5 mg L-1 of BAP favored the formation of 8 banana shoots in both varieties.
{"title":"Efecto de la desinfección con hipoclorito de sodio y multiplicación con bencilaminopurina en Musa spp.","authors":"Beatriz Mamani-Sánchez, M. Nova-Pinedo, Hugo Bosque-Sánchez","doi":"10.53287/piku9019rc77e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/piku9019rc77e","url":null,"abstract":"Within the Musaceae family, the Musa genus has acquired importance in food worldwide, either by direct consumption (fruit) or indirect (after cooking) as in the case of Bolivia, however by changing agro-economic activities this item is being affected, and also lack a mechanism for regeneration of seedlings free of diseases. The objective of the present study was to standardize the disinfection of Gran enano (banana) and Harton (plantain) seedlings with different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and to induce multiplication with the application of benzylaminopurine. The hyphal shoots of both varieties were subjected to two disinfection times, the first consisted of selecting the 10 to 12 cm long hyphal shoots and immersing them in 8 % sodium hypochlorite for 12 min and subsequently, were divided into two groups for the second disinfection of 2 and 4 % with sodium hypochlorite for 7 min, then rinsed and seeded in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2 mg L-1 BAP (benzylaminopurine) + 1 mg L-1 ANA (naphthaleneacetic acid). In the multiplication phase, the shoots were sown on culture media (MC1 = MS + 2.5 mg L-1 BAP + 1 mg L-1 ANA) and (MC2 = MS + 5 mg L-1 BAP + 1 mg L-1 ANA). It was determined that the combination of a first and second disinfection with 8 and 4 % NaClO disinfected 80 % in Gran enano and 40 % in Hartón, respectively. In the multiplication phase, it was determined that the MS culture medium supplemented with 5 mg L-1 of BAP favored the formation of 8 banana shoots in both varieties.","PeriodicalId":183200,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigación e Innovación Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115506917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Miranda, M. Marza, P. Calle, T. Choque, A. Mendoza, David Cruz Ch., P. J. J. Aparicio
Land evaluation is the process of determining and predicting the behavior of a portion of land used for specific purposes, considering physical, economic and social aspects. It is also a tool for decision making and sustainable management of the soil resource, based on its productive capacity. The objective of this research work was to determine the suitability of soil use, based on the edaphic-climatic limitations and potentialities for the cultivation of sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum). The project area was the Tumupasa region, in the municipality of San Buenaventura, second section of the Abel Iturralde province in the north of the department of La Paz. The first phase involved a) socialization and prospection of the study area, b) sample collection from different communities of Tumupasa, c) physical and chemical analysis of the samples in the laboratory, d) design and interpretation of the results on maps, and e) socialization of the results with local authorities and social organizations. To determine the suitability of soil use, the methodology proposed by FAO (1976) was used, a scheme for land evaluation, which compares the qualities and requirements of the crop. According to the data obtained, the zone has areas that are unsuitable, marginally and moderately suitable and, to a lesser extent, suitable for cultivation. The nutritional and morphological limitations are the content of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, acidity, depth of the arable layer and the risk of flooding. The application of amendments and/or fertilizers includes costs that determine the cost of production and, on the other hand, inadequate management could cause effects on soil quality and the ecosystem.
{"title":"Aptitud del uso de suelo para el cultivo de la caña de azúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.) en la localidad de Tumupasa, municipio de San Buenaventura – La Paz","authors":"C. Miranda, M. Marza, P. Calle, T. Choque, A. Mendoza, David Cruz Ch., P. J. J. Aparicio","doi":"10.53287/nifr9985kb87s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/nifr9985kb87s","url":null,"abstract":"Land evaluation is the process of determining and predicting the behavior of a portion of land used for specific purposes, considering physical, economic and social aspects. It is also a tool for decision making and sustainable management of the soil resource, based on its productive capacity. The objective of this research work was to determine the suitability of soil use, based on the edaphic-climatic limitations and potentialities for the cultivation of sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum). The project area was the Tumupasa region, in the municipality of San Buenaventura, second section of the Abel Iturralde province in the north of the department of La Paz. The first phase involved a) socialization and prospection of the study area, b) sample collection from different communities of Tumupasa, c) physical and chemical analysis of the samples in the laboratory, d) design and interpretation of the results on maps, and e) socialization of the results with local authorities and social organizations. To determine the suitability of soil use, the methodology proposed by FAO (1976) was used, a scheme for land evaluation, which compares the qualities and requirements of the crop. According to the data obtained, the zone has areas that are unsuitable, marginally and moderately suitable and, to a lesser extent, suitable for cultivation. The nutritional and morphological limitations are the content of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, acidity, depth of the arable layer and the risk of flooding. The application of amendments and/or fertilizers includes costs that determine the cost of production and, on the other hand, inadequate management could cause effects on soil quality and the ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":183200,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigación e Innovación Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134167718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Specialized bovine milk production in Colombia occurs mainly in the high tropics at altitudes above 2 000 meters above sea level. Therefore, the dairy value chain project was developed in the departments of Boyacá and Nariño. In order to make a diagnosis of primary production on dairy farms associated with the project and to determine the perception of farmers with respect to the agricultural extension service and its importance for acquiring and appropriating new technologies, a structured survey was conducted among 129 farmers in the departments of Boyacá and Nariño, taking into account 12 production and perception variables, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics with a table of frequencies. As a result of the analysis, it was established that milk production occurs on small farms. Likewise, it was determined that 80 % of the farmers in the two departments have areas dedicated to milk production between 1.0 and 5.9 ha. A marked difference was found between the yields reported by the farmers, where the average production in Boyacá is 1 103 L/ha/month, which differs from Nariño, which reported 671 L/ha/month. With respect to the agricultural extension service, 89.7 % of the farmers in Boyacá receive this service, while in Nariño 52.2 % did not answer the question and only 25.6 % reported having this service. The diagnostic study found that in the departments of Boyacá and Nariño, dairy production is carried out by small producers who are landowners and in the case of Nariño account for about 70 % of their income. In addition, the agricultural extension service is more accessible to producers in Boyacá than in Nariño.
{"title":"Diagnóstico de la producción primaria en fincas lecheras del proyecto cadena de valor láctea en Boyacá y Nariño, Colombia","authors":"Lilia Constanza Molano-Bernal, Leidy Patricia Tibaduiza-Castañeda, Dubert Yamil Cañar-Serna, Germán Andrés Aguilera-Arango","doi":"10.53287/hcdz9769pa51u","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/hcdz9769pa51u","url":null,"abstract":"Specialized bovine milk production in Colombia occurs mainly in the high tropics at altitudes above 2 000 meters above sea level. Therefore, the dairy value chain project was developed in the departments of Boyacá and Nariño. In order to make a diagnosis of primary production on dairy farms associated with the project and to determine the perception of farmers with respect to the agricultural extension service and its importance for acquiring and appropriating new technologies, a structured survey was conducted among 129 farmers in the departments of Boyacá and Nariño, taking into account 12 production and perception variables, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics with a table of frequencies. As a result of the analysis, it was established that milk production occurs on small farms. Likewise, it was determined that 80 % of the farmers in the two departments have areas dedicated to milk production between 1.0 and 5.9 ha. A marked difference was found between the yields reported by the farmers, where the average production in Boyacá is 1 103 L/ha/month, which differs from Nariño, which reported 671 L/ha/month. With respect to the agricultural extension service, 89.7 % of the farmers in Boyacá receive this service, while in Nariño 52.2 % did not answer the question and only 25.6 % reported having this service. The diagnostic study found that in the departments of Boyacá and Nariño, dairy production is carried out by small producers who are landowners and in the case of Nariño account for about 70 % of their income. In addition, the agricultural extension service is more accessible to producers in Boyacá than in Nariño.","PeriodicalId":183200,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigación e Innovación Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales","volume":"201 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133921008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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