Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.54302/mausam.v74i2.5982
Kyungja Ha, Ye WonSeo
The increasing frequency of heat waves in East Asia (EA) affects agriculture, water management, and people's livelihoods. In recent years, record-breaking heatwaves have occurred corresponding to extreme drought and are increasing in frequency. The two leading modes of heatwavesoverEA are closely related to dry conditions, but their temporal developments are somewhat different. The first major mode of heatwaves appears over northern EA, starting in early summer and lasting throughout the summer. The second mode of heatwaves occurs over central China and Korea and is closely related to negative precipitation anomalies during late summer and startsin July or August.This study investigated the quantitative feedback attribution of heatwave-related surface temperature anomalies using the coupled air-surface climate feedback-response analysis (CFRAM). The warming anomalies related tothe first mode of heatwaves are usually controlled by cloud, latent heat, and surface dynamics processes. It can be explained by reducing heat release from the surface to the atmosphere due to the lack of soil moisture under severe dry conditions.While surface warming related to the second mode of heatwaves is contributed by cloud feedback and atmospheric dynamic process. Reduction in cloud area associated with anticycloniccirculation anomalies induces increased insolation and it affects surface warming. However, the effect of humidity on high-temperature events has not yet been fully explored. Thus, this study identifiedcompound heatwaves that are described simultaneously with relative humidity conditions and suggested the future projections of two types of heatwaves over EA using phase six of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) model simulation. CMIP6 models projected intensification of dry heatwaves and increased moist heatwave days in response to projected increases in greenhouse gas concentrations.
{"title":"Dynamics and Characteristics of Compound Heatwaves over Asia","authors":"Kyungja Ha, Ye WonSeo","doi":"10.54302/mausam.v74i2.5982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v74i2.5982","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing frequency of heat waves in East Asia (EA) affects agriculture, water management, and people's livelihoods. In recent years, record-breaking heatwaves have occurred corresponding to extreme drought and are increasing in frequency. The two leading modes of heatwavesoverEA are closely related to dry conditions, but their temporal developments are somewhat different. The first major mode of heatwaves appears over northern EA, starting in early summer and lasting throughout the summer. The second mode of heatwaves occurs over central China and Korea and is closely related to negative precipitation anomalies during late summer and startsin July or August.This study investigated the quantitative feedback attribution of heatwave-related surface temperature anomalies using the coupled air-surface climate feedback-response analysis (CFRAM). The warming anomalies related tothe first mode of heatwaves are usually controlled by cloud, latent heat, and surface dynamics processes. It can be explained by reducing heat release from the surface to the atmosphere due to the lack of soil moisture under severe dry conditions.While surface warming related to the second mode of heatwaves is contributed by cloud feedback and atmospheric dynamic process. Reduction in cloud area associated with anticycloniccirculation anomalies induces increased insolation and it affects surface warming. However, the effect of humidity on high-temperature events has not yet been fully explored. Thus, this study identifiedcompound heatwaves that are described simultaneously with relative humidity conditions and suggested the future projections of two types of heatwaves over EA using phase six of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) model simulation. CMIP6 models projected intensification of dry heatwaves and increased moist heatwave days in response to projected increases in greenhouse gas concentrations.","PeriodicalId":18363,"journal":{"name":"MAUSAM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42952429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.54302/mausam.v74i2.5904
K. Yoneyama, S. Yokoi, M. Fujita, A. Seiki, M. Katsumata, B. Geng, T. Fukuda
Under the international field program Years of the Maritime Continent (YMC), we conducted a field campaign YMC-Boreal Summer Monsoon study in 2020 (YMC-BSM 2020) in the tropical western Pacific in August - September 2020. While this campaign was aimed to capture and understand the behavior of northward propagating boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation by forming an observation array with a ship and three islands, we also deployed three autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs) and one surface buoy around the research vessel Mirai for one month. The latter was designed not only to study air-sea interaction but also to extend a capability of ASVs for meso-scale atmospheric convection research in future. Thus, in this article we demonstrate that deployment of several instrumented ASVs can capture some basic atmospheric features associated with convection development by showing several comparisons with that obtained by other measurements. Deploying several ASVs in order of 100 km scale is the key, because it can capture gradients of surface atmospheric and oceanic parameters such as sea surface temperatures and can demonstrate a relation between their gradients and atmospheric convection-related features. Since ASVs can be deployed from small islands and controlled remotely to occupy any designated area, this might engage future use of ASVs to study atmospheric convection more flexibly.
根据国际实地项目“海洋大陆年”(Years of the Maritime Continent, YMC)，我们于2020年8 - 9月在热带西太平洋开展了“2020年海洋-北方夏季风研究”(YMC- bsm 2020)实地活动。这次活动的目的是通过一艘船和三个岛屿组成一个观测阵列，捕捉和了解向北传播的北方夏季季节性振荡的行为，我们还在研究船Mirai周围部署了三个自主水面车辆(asv)和一个水面浮标，为期一个月。后者的设计不仅是为了研究海气相互作用，而且是为了扩展asv在未来中尺度大气对流研究中的能力。因此，在本文中，我们通过与其他测量获得的数据进行比较，证明部署几个仪器化的asv可以捕获与对流发展相关的一些基本大气特征。在100公里尺度上部署几个asv是关键，因为它可以捕获表面大气和海洋参数(如海面温度)的梯度，并可以展示它们的梯度与大气对流相关特征之间的关系。由于asv可以从小岛屿部署，并远程控制占据任何指定区域，这可能会使未来使用asv更灵活地研究大气对流。
{"title":"Atmospheric Convection Research Using Autonomous Surface Vehicles","authors":"K. Yoneyama, S. Yokoi, M. Fujita, A. Seiki, M. Katsumata, B. Geng, T. Fukuda","doi":"10.54302/mausam.v74i2.5904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v74i2.5904","url":null,"abstract":"Under the international field program Years of the Maritime Continent (YMC), we conducted a field campaign YMC-Boreal Summer Monsoon study in 2020 (YMC-BSM 2020) in the tropical western Pacific in August - September 2020. While this campaign was aimed to capture and understand the behavior of northward propagating boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation by forming an observation array with a ship and three islands, we also deployed three autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs) and one surface buoy around the research vessel Mirai for one month. The latter was designed not only to study air-sea interaction but also to extend a capability of ASVs for meso-scale atmospheric convection research in future. Thus, in this article we demonstrate that deployment of several instrumented ASVs can capture some basic atmospheric features associated with convection development by showing several comparisons with that obtained by other measurements. Deploying several ASVs in order of 100 km scale is the key, because it can capture gradients of surface atmospheric and oceanic parameters such as sea surface temperatures and can demonstrate a relation between their gradients and atmospheric convection-related features. Since ASVs can be deployed from small islands and controlled remotely to occupy any designated area, this might engage future use of ASVs to study atmospheric convection more flexibly.","PeriodicalId":18363,"journal":{"name":"MAUSAM","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41298821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.54302/mausam.v74i2.6070
Chih-Pei Chang
Over the last 25 years, the World Meteorological Organization through its Working Group on Tropical Meteorology Research carried out a major international collaboration effort to foster monsoon research and forecast centered around the series of International Workshops on Monsoons (IWM). This paper reviews the history of this activity and discusses its development and evolution that contributed significantly to the progress of monsoon research and forecast. Throughout this period the concept, scope and depth of monsoon research have all advanced considerably.
{"title":"A quarter century of WMO-Organized international cooperation in monsoon research : International Workshop on Monsoons","authors":"Chih-Pei Chang","doi":"10.54302/mausam.v74i2.6070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v74i2.6070","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last 25 years, the World Meteorological Organization through its Working Group on Tropical Meteorology Research carried out a major international collaboration effort to foster monsoon research and forecast centered around the series of International Workshops on Monsoons (IWM). This paper reviews the history of this activity and discusses its development and evolution that contributed significantly to the progress of monsoon research and forecast. Throughout this period the concept, scope and depth of monsoon research have all advanced considerably.","PeriodicalId":18363,"journal":{"name":"MAUSAM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46408259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.54302/mausam.v74i2.6010
S. Srivastava, Sapna Dubey
The Asian summer monsoon impacts the human lives and agrarian economies throughout Asia. These impacts are driven by monsoon anomalies which are manifested interms of the seasonal precipitation, surface temperatures, and the occurrences of floods,droughts, and tropical cyclones. A strong monsoon results in various positive outcomes like increased agricultural produce, economic growth,reduced commodityprices and national inflationary levels as well as increased ground water and restored reservoirs.While predicting the Asian summer monsoon has been prioritized by decision-makers across sectors in Asia, impact forecasting must gain greater significance as itis particularly important to tackle disaster risks. The paradigm shifts from ‘what monsoon will be to what monsoon will do’provides valuable insightsto better prepare Asian countries for managingimpending extreme events. The paper brings out how impact outlook for Asian monsoon can be effectively utilized.It shows howseasonal forecasts overlaid with risk and hazards maps andindicators on exposure and vulnerability can enhance understanding ofpotential risk scenariosfor various sectors, including agriculture, energy, health, water, and disaster management. Noting the limitations of accuracy and information available from seasonal forecasts, the information provided from impact outlook should be understood as preliminary assessments. The paper makes a case for seamless integration of seasonal, sub-seasonal, medium, and short terms forecasts withthe data on potential impact for close monitoring and taking targeted policy actions.
{"title":"Impact outlook of Asian Monsoon for Disaster Resilience","authors":"S. Srivastava, Sapna Dubey","doi":"10.54302/mausam.v74i2.6010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v74i2.6010","url":null,"abstract":"The Asian summer monsoon impacts the human lives and agrarian economies throughout Asia. These impacts are driven by monsoon anomalies which are manifested interms of the seasonal precipitation, surface temperatures, and the occurrences of floods,droughts, and tropical cyclones. A strong monsoon results in various positive outcomes like increased agricultural produce, economic growth,reduced commodityprices and national inflationary levels as well as increased ground water and restored reservoirs.While predicting the Asian summer monsoon has been prioritized by decision-makers across sectors in Asia, impact forecasting must gain greater significance as itis particularly important to tackle disaster risks. The paradigm shifts from ‘what monsoon will be to what monsoon will do’provides valuable insightsto better prepare Asian countries for managingimpending extreme events. The paper brings out how impact outlook for Asian monsoon can be effectively utilized.It shows howseasonal forecasts overlaid with risk and hazards maps andindicators on exposure and vulnerability can enhance understanding ofpotential risk scenariosfor various sectors, including agriculture, energy, health, water, and disaster management. Noting the limitations of accuracy and information available from seasonal forecasts, the information provided from impact outlook should be understood as preliminary assessments. The paper makes a case for seamless integration of seasonal, sub-seasonal, medium, and short terms forecasts withthe data on potential impact for close monitoring and taking targeted policy actions. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":18363,"journal":{"name":"MAUSAM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46875739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.54302/mausam.v74i2.6199
U. Mohanty, H. Nayak, M. Mohanty, P. Sinha, KK Osuri
Indian Summer Monsoon is a synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation system manifested by the boundary forcing from both continents and tropical oceans. Unlike oceans, the land surface processes are complex in nature due to the heterogeneities in land surface characteristics and its associated feedbacks, thereby constraining theaccurate representation of the land surface in NWP models. Thus, understanding the land-atmosphere interaction becomes increasingly crucial especially during the Indian summer monsoon season due to the underlying warm and moist surface layer conducive forevapotranspiration, thereby fueling land atmosphere coupling during the season. The representation of surface heterogeneity and variability are constrained due to lack of surface measurements which necessitate development of land surface analysis. The major aimof the present studyisthree-fold;firstly, understanding land surfaces processes associated with the monsoonal rainfall events, secondly, preparation of a state-of-art high-resolution land surface data over India, andfinally, impact assessment of high-resolution land surface initialization on simulation monsoonalrainfall events. This study has implications for developing improved prediction system associated with the Indian Summer Monsoon. Indian Summer Monsoon is a synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation system manifested by the boundary forcing from both continents and tropical oceans. Unlike oceans, the land surface processes are complex in nature due to the heterogeneities in land surface characteristics and its associated feedbacks, thereby constraining theaccurate representation of the land surface in NWP models. Thus, understanding the land-atmosphere interaction becomes increasingly crucial especially during the Indian summer monsoon season due to the underlying warm and moist surface layer conducive forevapotranspiration, thereby fueling land atmosphere coupling during the season. The representation of surface heterogeneity and variability are constrained due to lack of surface measurements which necessitate development of land surface analysis. The major aimof the present studyisthree-fold;firstly, understanding land surfaces processes associated with the monsoonal rainfall events, secondly, preparation of a state-of-art high-resolution land surface data over India, andfinally, impact assessment of high-resolution land surface initialization on simulation monsoonalrainfall events. This study has implications for developing improved prediction system associated with the Indian Summer Monsoon.
{"title":"Role of land surface processes on Indian summer monsoon rainfall: Understanding and impact assessment","authors":"U. Mohanty, H. Nayak, M. Mohanty, P. Sinha, KK Osuri","doi":"10.54302/mausam.v74i2.6199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v74i2.6199","url":null,"abstract":"Indian Summer Monsoon is a synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation system manifested by the boundary forcing from both continents and tropical oceans. Unlike oceans, the land surface processes are complex in nature due to the heterogeneities in land surface characteristics and its associated feedbacks, thereby constraining theaccurate representation of the land surface in NWP models. Thus, understanding the land-atmosphere interaction becomes increasingly crucial especially during the Indian summer monsoon season due to the underlying warm and moist surface layer conducive forevapotranspiration, thereby fueling land atmosphere coupling during the season. The representation of surface heterogeneity and variability are constrained due to lack of surface measurements which necessitate development of land surface analysis. The major aimof the present studyisthree-fold;firstly, understanding land surfaces processes associated with the monsoonal rainfall events, secondly, preparation of a state-of-art high-resolution land surface data over India, andfinally, impact assessment of high-resolution land surface initialization on simulation monsoonalrainfall events. This study has implications for developing improved prediction system associated with the Indian Summer Monsoon. \u0000Indian Summer Monsoon is a synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation system manifested by the boundary forcing from both continents and tropical oceans. Unlike oceans, the land surface processes are complex in nature due to the heterogeneities in land surface characteristics and its associated feedbacks, thereby constraining theaccurate representation of the land surface in NWP models. Thus, understanding the land-atmosphere interaction becomes increasingly crucial especially during the Indian summer monsoon season due to the underlying warm and moist surface layer conducive forevapotranspiration, thereby fueling land atmosphere coupling during the season. The representation of surface heterogeneity and variability are constrained due to lack of surface measurements which necessitate development of land surface analysis. The major aimof the present studyisthree-fold;firstly, understanding land surfaces processes associated with the monsoonal rainfall events, secondly, preparation of a state-of-art high-resolution land surface data over India, andfinally, impact assessment of high-resolution land surface initialization on simulation monsoonalrainfall events. This study has implications for developing improved prediction system associated with the Indian Summer Monsoon.","PeriodicalId":18363,"journal":{"name":"MAUSAM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41957598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.54302/mausam.v74i2.6062
P. Johnson, P. Ciesielski, Caitlin M. Fine, Chung-Che Wang
One-quarter of the world’s tropical cyclones (TCs) occur in the Indian Ocean (IO) basin.The mechanisms for TC initiation in the IO are varied, but one recently discovered process involves the flow around the steep topography of Sumatra. When the low-level flow impinges on Sumatra, it is blocked and the flow splits under typical environmental stratification. As a result, wake vortices commonly develop at northern and southern island tips of the island. For the case of easterly flow, these circulationssubsequently move downstream over the IO. The wake vortices emanating from the island tips are counter-rotating, but since Sumatra straddles the equator, the circulations are cyclonic in both hemispheres and thus have the potential for TC development. Using data from2.5yearsof observations from DYNAMO and YOTC, it is found that approximately 25% of the TCsthat occurred overIO basin during that periodwere initiated by Sumatra-induced wake vortices.Additional analysis of vortex statistics for the period 2008-17 has found that vortex counts are highest near Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) phase 1 when low-level easterlies are strongest across southern Sumatra. A secondary peak in vortex formation occurs during MJO phase 4 when low-level westerlies exist near the equator west of Sumatra. The latter finding suggests that MJO-related, low-level westerly surges on the equator impinging on Sumatracontribute to an increase in wake vortex development. Numerical simulations have shown that circulations farther upstream such aswestern Pacific remnant TCs and the Borneo vortex can influence the development of Sumatra wake vortices and their growth into TCs over the IO.
{"title":"Effects of the Topography of Sumatra on Tropical Cyclone Formation over the Indian Ocean","authors":"P. Johnson, P. Ciesielski, Caitlin M. Fine, Chung-Che Wang","doi":"10.54302/mausam.v74i2.6062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v74i2.6062","url":null,"abstract":"One-quarter of the world’s tropical cyclones (TCs) occur in the Indian Ocean (IO) basin.The mechanisms for TC initiation in the IO are varied, but one recently discovered process involves the flow around the steep topography of Sumatra. When the low-level flow impinges on Sumatra, it is blocked and the flow splits under typical environmental stratification. As a result, wake vortices commonly develop at northern and southern island tips of the island. For the case of easterly flow, these circulationssubsequently move downstream over the IO. The wake vortices emanating from the island tips are counter-rotating, but since Sumatra straddles the equator, the circulations are cyclonic in both hemispheres and thus have the potential for TC development. Using data from2.5yearsof observations from DYNAMO and YOTC, it is found that approximately 25% of the TCsthat occurred overIO basin during that periodwere initiated by Sumatra-induced wake vortices.Additional analysis of vortex statistics for the period 2008-17 has found that vortex counts are highest near Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) phase 1 when low-level easterlies are strongest across southern Sumatra. A secondary peak in vortex formation occurs during MJO phase 4 when low-level westerlies exist near the equator west of Sumatra. The latter finding suggests that MJO-related, low-level westerly surges on the equator impinging on Sumatracontribute to an increase in wake vortex development. Numerical simulations have shown that circulations farther upstream such aswestern Pacific remnant TCs and the Borneo vortex can influence the development of Sumatra wake vortices and their growth into TCs over the IO.","PeriodicalId":18363,"journal":{"name":"MAUSAM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41561655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.54302/mausam.v74i1.1519
K. Chandu, A. Dharmaraju, S. Kumar, G. Satyanarayana, M. Dasari
The study aims to analyze the three phenomena - fog, mist, and haze over nine years and their impact on air traffic at Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, Hyderabad. Longer duration events of deteriorated visibility are analysed using surface in-situ data from the airport routine meteorological observations, satellite imageries, backward trajectories, reanalysed data and aerological diagrams. The climatological data predominantly explained long-lasting fog events. The stable layers of the atmosphere, availability of moisture in the planetary boundary layer, light winds, divergence (downward motion/subsidence), and radiational cooling supported the formation of fog and its sustenance. Low visibility disrupted air traffic at the study site by way of flight delays and consequential economic loss.
{"title":"Determinants and Impact of Fog, Mist and Haze phenomena: The case of Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, Hyderabad","authors":"K. Chandu, A. Dharmaraju, S. Kumar, G. Satyanarayana, M. Dasari","doi":"10.54302/mausam.v74i1.1519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v74i1.1519","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to analyze the three phenomena - fog, mist, and haze over nine years and their impact on air traffic at Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, Hyderabad. Longer duration events of deteriorated visibility are analysed using surface in-situ data from the airport routine meteorological observations, satellite imageries, backward trajectories, reanalysed data and aerological diagrams. The climatological data predominantly explained long-lasting fog events. The stable layers of the atmosphere, availability of moisture in the planetary boundary layer, light winds, divergence (downward motion/subsidence), and radiational cooling supported the formation of fog and its sustenance. Low visibility disrupted air traffic at the study site by way of flight delays and consequential economic loss. ","PeriodicalId":18363,"journal":{"name":"MAUSAM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43530829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.54302/mausam.v74i1.5766
R. Nadimpalli, SrinivasYerni Nekkali, K. Osuri, S. Sil, A. Das
Impact of high-resolution Sea Surface Temperature (SST) derived from the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) on two intense vortices (Phailin and Hudhud) developed over the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are investigated. The validation of ROMS-SST with various observational datasets available over BoB showed a reasonably good correlation of greater than 0.90. The root mean square difference is around 0.40 °C. Instigating ROMS-SST as a lower boundary condition to the Advanced weather research (ARW) model improved the TC intensity and rainfall location for TC Phailin. A minor improvement is observed in the intensity of TC Hudhud. Still, with better replication of wind structure and rainfall location than the control experiment, which uses low-resolution Reynolds-SST from the global model output. This right sector peak of latent heat pattern matches better with the observed structure of deep convection observed from infrared satellite imagery for both TCs in the ROMS experiment as compared with the control experiment. However, the model simulated track for the ROMS-SST experiment did not improve the TC track for all the initial conditions for both the TCs. The present modeling study compliments the use of higher resolutions SST downscaled by a mesoscale regional ocean model for the TC simulations
{"title":"Study of the impact of high resolution ROMS-SST on the simulation of two intense tropical cyclones over Bay of Bengal using ARW modeling system","authors":"R. Nadimpalli, SrinivasYerni Nekkali, K. Osuri, S. Sil, A. Das","doi":"10.54302/mausam.v74i1.5766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v74i1.5766","url":null,"abstract":"Impact of high-resolution Sea Surface Temperature (SST) derived from the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) on two intense vortices (Phailin and Hudhud) developed over the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are investigated. The validation of ROMS-SST with various observational datasets available over BoB showed a reasonably good correlation of greater than 0.90. The root mean square difference is around 0.40 °C. Instigating ROMS-SST as a lower boundary condition to the Advanced weather research (ARW) model improved the TC intensity and rainfall location for TC Phailin. A minor improvement is observed in the intensity of TC Hudhud. Still, with better replication of wind structure and rainfall location than the control experiment, which uses low-resolution Reynolds-SST from the global model output. This right sector peak of latent heat pattern matches better with the observed structure of deep convection observed from infrared satellite imagery for both TCs in the ROMS experiment as compared with the control experiment. However, the model simulated track for the ROMS-SST experiment did not improve the TC track for all the initial conditions for both the TCs. The present modeling study compliments the use of higher resolutions SST downscaled by a mesoscale regional ocean model for the TC simulations","PeriodicalId":18363,"journal":{"name":"MAUSAM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46726945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.54302/mausam.v74i1.815
K. Ganesh, A. Manjunatha
Measurement and analysis of Particulate Matter of aerodynamic diameter less than 1µm (PM1) has been carried out using indigenously built air sampler at the following locations of Bengaluru city: Basavanagudi (BAS), Domlur (DOM), Hosur road (HOS) and DC Halli (DCH). The PM1mass concentrations were observed to vary from 20.16 µg/m3 to 68.64 µg/m3 during the study period. The highest mass concentration of 68.64 µg/m3 was observed for the location BAS and the lowest mass concentration of 20.16 µg/m3 was observed for the location DOM. The average mass concentration of PM1 around Bengaluru for winter, summer, monsoon & post monsoon season is observed to be 47.60 µg/m3, 40.24 µg/m3, 30.85 µg/m3 and 38.76 µg/m3 respectively. Some of the collected samples showed the presence of microorganism such as bacillus. Elemental composition analysis showed the presence of non-metals Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulphur and traces of metals such as Sodium, Aluminium, Calcium and Potassium.
{"title":"Spatiotemporal, Morphological and Source Analysis of Ultrafine Particulates (PM1) over Bengaluru, Karnataka, India","authors":"K. Ganesh, A. Manjunatha","doi":"10.54302/mausam.v74i1.815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v74i1.815","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement and analysis of Particulate Matter of aerodynamic diameter less than 1µm (PM1) has been carried out using indigenously built air sampler at the following locations of Bengaluru city: Basavanagudi (BAS), Domlur (DOM), Hosur road (HOS) and DC Halli (DCH). The PM1mass concentrations were observed to vary from 20.16 µg/m3 to 68.64 µg/m3 during the study period. The highest mass concentration of 68.64 µg/m3 was observed for the location BAS and the lowest mass concentration of 20.16 µg/m3 was observed for the location DOM. The average mass concentration of PM1 around Bengaluru for winter, summer, monsoon & post monsoon season is observed to be 47.60 µg/m3, 40.24 µg/m3, 30.85 µg/m3 and 38.76 µg/m3 respectively. Some of the collected samples showed the presence of microorganism such as bacillus. Elemental composition analysis showed the presence of non-metals Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulphur and traces of metals such as Sodium, Aluminium, Calcium and Potassium. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":18363,"journal":{"name":"MAUSAM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47286006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.54302/mausam.v74i1.5910
DrSiddharth Singh, Pooja Saroj, C. Ghosh, P. Sinha
The present study summarizes the results of calibration of Indian Dobson Spectrophotometer No. D112 and D036 during Dobson inter-comparison campaigns, held at Irene, South Africa from 07 – 18 October, 2019 and at Hohenpeissenberg, Germany from 15.07.2020 to 30.07.2020 respectively. In both the international inter-comparison campaigns, European Regional Standard Dobson Spectrophotometer No. D064 had been used as the reference instrument. According to the results of the inter-comparison of Dobson spectrophotometer instrument no. D112 and no. D036 with Regional Standard Dobson Instrument (D064), these instruments are reliable and their measurements are accurate and appropriate for further analysis as their deviations have been found within the acceptable limits i.e. less than - 0.3% for D112 and less than 0.01 for D036 respectively after final calibration.
{"title":"Calibration of Indian Dobson Spectrophotometer Nos. D112 and D036 during WMO Dobson Intercomparison Campaigns","authors":"DrSiddharth Singh, Pooja Saroj, C. Ghosh, P. Sinha","doi":"10.54302/mausam.v74i1.5910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v74i1.5910","url":null,"abstract":"The present study summarizes the results of calibration of Indian Dobson Spectrophotometer No. D112 and D036 during Dobson inter-comparison campaigns, held at Irene, South Africa from 07 – 18 October, 2019 and at Hohenpeissenberg, Germany from 15.07.2020 to 30.07.2020 respectively. In both the international inter-comparison campaigns, European Regional Standard Dobson Spectrophotometer No. D064 had been used as the reference instrument. According to the results of the inter-comparison of Dobson spectrophotometer instrument no. D112 and no. D036 with Regional Standard Dobson Instrument (D064), these instruments are reliable and their measurements are accurate and appropriate for further analysis as their deviations have been found within the acceptable limits i.e. less than - 0.3% for D112 and less than 0.01 for D036 respectively after final calibration.","PeriodicalId":18363,"journal":{"name":"MAUSAM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46863280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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