Pub Date : 2020-08-13DOI: 10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2488
Hira Liaqat, T. A. Malik, A. Bilal
The study of psychology of men and masculinity received scientific attention recently focusing on gender differences and its impact in communicating and expressing emotions. It has been proposed that men, who had been discouraged as boys in expressing and talking about their emotions showed difficulty in identifying and expressing emotions throughout their lives which has been termed as normative male alexithymia (Levant, 2011). Emotions are related to many vital functions, and its awareness leads to healthy intrapersonal and interpersonal functioning. The present study aimed to explore the impact of masculinity and normative male alexithymia on interpersonal difficulties in young adult males. Assessment measures included a demographic form, sex role attitude scale, normative male alexithymia scale, and interpersonal difficulties scale. Sample of the study (N=232) included young adult males (Age = 18 to 24) who were approached through the universities of Lahore. Results suggested that with the increase in traditional masculinity, normative male alexithymia and interpersonal difficulties also increases. Further it was found that traditional masculinity predicted interpersonal difficulties and normative male alexithymia aggravate the relationship. Moreover, normative male alexithymia mediates the relationship between traditional masculinity and interpersonal difficulties. Findings of the study were explained and future implications were discussed.
{"title":"Impact of Masculinity and Normative Male Alexithymia on Interpersonal Difficulties in Young Adult Males","authors":"Hira Liaqat, T. A. Malik, A. Bilal","doi":"10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2488","url":null,"abstract":"The study of psychology of men and masculinity received scientific attention recently focusing on gender differences and its impact in communicating and expressing emotions. It has been proposed that men, who had been discouraged as boys in expressing and talking about their emotions showed difficulty in identifying and expressing emotions throughout their lives which has been termed as normative male alexithymia (Levant, 2011). Emotions are related to many vital functions, and its awareness leads to healthy intrapersonal and interpersonal functioning. The present study aimed to explore the impact of masculinity and normative male alexithymia on interpersonal difficulties in young adult males. Assessment measures included a demographic form, sex role attitude scale, normative male alexithymia scale, and interpersonal difficulties scale. Sample of the study (N=232) included young adult males (Age = 18 to 24) who were approached through the universities of Lahore. Results suggested that with the increase in traditional masculinity, normative male alexithymia and interpersonal difficulties also increases. Further it was found that traditional masculinity predicted interpersonal difficulties and normative male alexithymia aggravate the relationship. Moreover, normative male alexithymia mediates the relationship between traditional masculinity and interpersonal difficulties. Findings of the study were explained and future implications were discussed.","PeriodicalId":18428,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46238183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-13DOI: 10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2415
G. Esposito, Raffaella Passeggia, Giuliana Pepicelli, A. Cannatà, Federica Parlato, M. Freda
In a Clinical Health Psychology perspective, which focuses on the promotion and maintenance of mental and physical health of the individuals, mentalization (operationalized as reflective functioning; RF) may be conceived as a psycho-social competence associated with psychological well-being and good outcome treatment. In the university contexts, some studies demonstrated that the students' academic achievements may be related, on one hand, to RF improvements, on the other, to psychological well-being. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies exploring RF in relationship with both academic achievement and psychological well-being regarding university students. This study aims at assessing the effectiveness, in terms of RF, psychological well-being and academic performance, of ten counselling groups addressed to 63 underachieving university students lagging behind in their studies. The counselling adopted an innovative narrative methodology, the Narrative Mediation Path (NMP), which aims to improve mentalization and psychological well-being in order to produce an impact on the students' academic performance. The Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ), the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI), and the Academic Performance Inventory (API) were administered at the beginning and at the end of the counselling. Results showed an overall improvement of students in genuine mentalization, especially of the hypomentalizing dimension of RF, an increase of the psychological well-being index and its sub-dimensions (except for the General Health dimension) and an improvement of the academic performance. This study highlighted the effectiveness of the NMP methodology for students' success and suggests the utility of planning clinical psychology interventions aimed at enhancing mentalization in the university contexts.
{"title":"Mentalizing the University experience: an exploratory study on the relationship between university students' reflective functioning, psychological well-being and academic performance","authors":"G. Esposito, Raffaella Passeggia, Giuliana Pepicelli, A. Cannatà, Federica Parlato, M. Freda","doi":"10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2415","url":null,"abstract":"In a Clinical Health Psychology perspective, which focuses on the promotion and maintenance of mental and physical health of the individuals, mentalization (operationalized as reflective functioning; RF) may be conceived as a psycho-social competence associated with psychological well-being and good outcome treatment. In the university contexts, some studies demonstrated that the students' academic achievements may be related, on one hand, to RF improvements, on the other, to psychological well-being. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies exploring RF in relationship with both academic achievement and psychological well-being regarding university students. This study aims at assessing the effectiveness, in terms of RF, psychological well-being and academic performance, of ten counselling groups addressed to 63 underachieving university students lagging behind in their studies. The counselling adopted an innovative narrative methodology, the Narrative Mediation Path (NMP), which aims to improve mentalization and psychological well-being in order to produce an impact on the students' academic performance. The Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ), the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI), and the Academic Performance Inventory (API) were administered at the beginning and at the end of the counselling. Results showed an overall improvement of students in genuine mentalization, especially of the hypomentalizing dimension of RF, an increase of the psychological well-being index and its sub-dimensions (except for the General Health dimension) and an improvement of the academic performance. This study highlighted the effectiveness of the NMP methodology for students' success and suggests the utility of planning clinical psychology interventions aimed at enhancing mentalization in the university contexts.","PeriodicalId":18428,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44438118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-13DOI: 10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2435
L. Moroianu, I. Motofei, C. Cecilia, R. Barbu, A. Toma
Diabetes mellitus represents a vast pathology which attestation is known since ancient times and research made in the recent years reveals increasingly clear data on the connection between diabetes and psychiatric disorders. Diabetes can cause psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, acute stress response and adjustment disorders, as well as organic personality disorders and/or affectivity disorders. There is an increase in diabetic patients worldwide and in the same time for the pediatric cases with diabetes. Moreover, there is an association between the development of anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with diabetic comorbidity and the association of these three entities represents an interesting subject in the medical world. The main purpose of this study is to deepen the knowledge about the association of three diseases in children, in order to establish a working algorithm applicable in current clinical practice. We were able to identify the severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with diabetes mellitus insulin dependent and no other psychiatric pathologies diagnosed before the study by applying the Hamilton A questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory and Children’s Depression Inventory. There were analyzed correlations between their scale’s scores and the values of our patient’s glycemia, glycosylated hemoglobin, number of insulin doses per day and the calories consumed per day. This study makes an important contribution highlighting the psychological aspects in the context of medical conditions, referring to the therapeutic relationship and approaching of the pediatric patient in a bio-psycho-social context, recognizing the complexity of the factors that contribute to a medical success in the pediatric field related to the type of special relationship in which several persons are involved incuding the relatives of the patients. Given the particularities of the individual with normal mental development during adolescence, recognized as a period of psychobiological crisis, it is important to realise a pattern of therapeutic interaction with this category of patients who associates anxiety- depression- diabetes.
{"title":"The Impact of Anxiety and Depression on the Pediatric Patients with Diabetes","authors":"L. Moroianu, I. Motofei, C. Cecilia, R. Barbu, A. Toma","doi":"10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2435","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus represents a vast pathology which attestation is known since ancient times and research made in the recent years reveals increasingly clear data on the connection between diabetes and psychiatric disorders. Diabetes can cause psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, acute stress response and adjustment disorders, as well as organic personality disorders and/or affectivity disorders. There is an increase in diabetic patients worldwide and in the same time for the pediatric cases with diabetes. Moreover, there is an association between the development of anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with diabetic comorbidity and the association of these three entities represents an interesting subject in the medical world. The main purpose of this study is to deepen the knowledge about the association of three diseases in children, in order to establish a working algorithm applicable in current clinical practice. We were able to identify the severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with diabetes mellitus insulin dependent and no other psychiatric pathologies diagnosed before the study by applying the Hamilton A questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory and Children’s Depression Inventory. There were analyzed correlations between their scale’s scores and the values of our patient’s glycemia, glycosylated hemoglobin, number of insulin doses per day and the calories consumed per day. This study makes an important contribution highlighting the psychological aspects in the context of medical conditions, referring to the therapeutic relationship and approaching of the pediatric patient in a bio-psycho-social context, recognizing the complexity of the factors that contribute to a medical success in the pediatric field related to the type of special relationship in which several persons are involved incuding the relatives of the patients. Given the particularities of the individual with normal mental development during adolescence, recognized as a period of psychobiological crisis, it is important to realise a pattern of therapeutic interaction with this category of patients who associates anxiety- depression- diabetes.","PeriodicalId":18428,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48141095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-13DOI: 10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2434
A. D'Agostino, M. Boni, A. Aportone, R. Pepi, M. R. Monti
Nonsuicidal self-injury commonly refers to the direct and deliberate destruction of body tissue without intent to die (e.g., cutting and burning). However, people may also use indirect ways to mistreat or abuse themselves without altering bodily tissue (e.g., eating disorders and substance abuse). The objective of this study is to explore similarities and differences between direct and indirect forms of self-injury in order to see if a psychopathological continuum of self-injurious behaviors can be observed. Participants were adult psychiatric patients presenting: (a) direct (e.g., cutting) and indirect (e.g., eating disorders) self-injury (Group 1); (b) only indirect (e.g., eating disorders) self-injury (Group 2); (c) neither direct nor indirect self-injury (Group 3). A group of healthy controls (Group 4) was also added, reaching a total of 144 participants. Direct self-harming behaviors, eating disorders, personality disorders, and clinical symptoms were assessed. No significant differences were observed between patients with direct and indirect self-harm and patients with only indirect self-harm in any clinical or personality variable, except for histrionic personality disorder. Results support evidence for the hypothesis that direct and indirect self-harm are related behaviors lying on a same psychopathological continuum, even if, on closer inspection, those who engage in NSSI, in addition to indirect self-injury, do seem to have “something more” from a clinical point of view. More research on larger samples is needed.
{"title":"Direct and indirect self-injury: Is it really all the same?","authors":"A. D'Agostino, M. Boni, A. Aportone, R. Pepi, M. R. Monti","doi":"10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2434","url":null,"abstract":"Nonsuicidal self-injury commonly refers to the direct and deliberate destruction of body tissue without intent to die (e.g., cutting and burning). However, people may also use indirect ways to mistreat or abuse themselves without altering bodily tissue (e.g., eating disorders and substance abuse). The objective of this study is to explore similarities and differences between direct and indirect forms of self-injury in order to see if a psychopathological continuum of self-injurious behaviors can be observed. Participants were adult psychiatric patients presenting: (a) direct (e.g., cutting) and indirect (e.g., eating disorders) self-injury (Group 1); (b) only indirect (e.g., eating disorders) self-injury (Group 2); (c) neither direct nor indirect self-injury (Group 3). A group of healthy controls (Group 4) was also added, reaching a total of 144 participants. Direct self-harming behaviors, eating disorders, personality disorders, and clinical symptoms were assessed. No significant differences were observed between patients with direct and indirect self-harm and patients with only indirect self-harm in any clinical or personality variable, except for histrionic personality disorder. Results support evidence for the hypothesis that direct and indirect self-harm are related behaviors lying on a same psychopathological continuum, even if, on closer inspection, those who engage in NSSI, in addition to indirect self-injury, do seem to have “something more” from a clinical point of view. More research on larger samples is needed.","PeriodicalId":18428,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44290283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-13DOI: 10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2507
M. D. Luca, E. Louët, C. Thompson, B. Verdon
Introduction: Since the emergence of Hikikomori syndrome in Japanese literature, special attention has been given to this phenomenon all over the world concerning adolescents and young adults. Several questions have risen: the novelty or not of such syndrome, its psychopathological and nosographical status, but also its social and cultural implications. Material and method: We have first realized an analysis of studies published in French in order to confront them with the reference studies of international literature. As soon as 1950, a description of a “claustration syndrome” occurred with its psychological implications and transnosographical, mainly based on adult subjects. During the 2000’s, the interest for these adolescent behaviours increase, stressing the complexity both of its functioning and the treatment modalities, but also the access to these young secluded. Then we present two forms of Hikikomori, built after a clinical study of a cohorte of 30 adolescents, and illustrated them by to two clinical vignettes Results and discussion: The predominance of Hikikomori among boy teenagers and young adults has led us to explore the functions of this behaviour during adolescence and its specific stakes: excitement treatment, passivity treatment, confrontation with loss and with ideal’s demand. We make the hypothesis of a double figure of Hikikomori. The first concerns temporary and defensive adjustments of conflicts, the other stresses the impossibility to treat the adolescence process. Therefore, the therapeutically propositions have to take into account these two figures of Hikikomori.
{"title":"Hikikomori: contemporary forms of suffering in the transition from adolescence to adulthood","authors":"M. D. Luca, E. Louët, C. Thompson, B. Verdon","doi":"10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2507","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Since the emergence of Hikikomori syndrome in Japanese literature, special attention has been given to this phenomenon all over the world concerning adolescents and young adults. Several questions have risen: the novelty or not of such syndrome, its psychopathological and nosographical status, but also its social and cultural implications. Material and method: We have first realized an analysis of studies published in French in order to confront them with the reference studies of international literature. As soon as 1950, a description of a “claustration syndrome” occurred with its psychological implications and transnosographical, mainly based on adult subjects. During the 2000’s, the interest for these adolescent behaviours increase, stressing the complexity both of its functioning and the treatment modalities, but also the access to these young secluded. Then we present two forms of Hikikomori, built after a clinical study of a cohorte of 30 adolescents, and illustrated them by to two clinical vignettes Results and discussion: The predominance of Hikikomori among boy teenagers and young adults has led us to explore the functions of this behaviour during adolescence and its specific stakes: excitement treatment, passivity treatment, confrontation with loss and with ideal’s demand. We make the hypothesis of a double figure of Hikikomori. The first concerns temporary and defensive adjustments of conflicts, the other stresses the impossibility to treat the adolescence process. Therefore, the therapeutically propositions have to take into account these two figures of Hikikomori.","PeriodicalId":18428,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42294657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-13DOI: 10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2421
A. Parola, Cristiano Felaco
In the last few years, changes in the work market have produced effects on the transition school-to-work and, more specifically, on the ability to plan for the future, in particular in the Italian context. This study aims to explore the experiences of young people who have encountered difficulties in transition-to-work, and how unsuccessful experience are re-elaborated on the level of autobiographical narration. Using an Italian blog, the authors obtained narrative data from 461 NEET, young people not engaged in education, employment, or training. Textual Analysis was carried out to identify the thematic clusters and obtain the network pattern of lemmas to understand the process of meaning construction of NEET. The analysis shows three clusters: “Ideals: from training to professional life”, “Necessity: the job’s function”, and “Reality: the doing”. The potential of the narrative and the possible interventions are discussed.
{"title":"A Narrative Investigation into the Meaning and Experience of Career Destabilization in Italian NEET","authors":"A. Parola, Cristiano Felaco","doi":"10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2421","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few years, changes in the work market have produced effects on the transition school-to-work and, more specifically, on the ability to plan for the future, in particular in the Italian context. This study aims to explore the experiences of young people who have encountered difficulties in transition-to-work, and how unsuccessful experience are re-elaborated on the level of autobiographical narration. Using an Italian blog, the authors obtained narrative data from 461 NEET, young people not engaged in education, employment, or training. Textual Analysis was carried out to identify the thematic clusters and obtain the network pattern of lemmas to understand the process of meaning construction of NEET. The analysis shows three clusters: “Ideals: from training to professional life”, “Necessity: the job’s function”, and “Reality: the doing”. The potential of the narrative and the possible interventions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":18428,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43895943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-13DOI: 10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2450
N. Nikolaeva, A. Yakubovich, T. Terekhova, D. Panchenko, Elena Brovkina, L. Stepanova, Larisa Kondratieva
Background: Cosmetic institutions are an important element in human life, providing the opportunity for personal development. The study aims to analyze psychologist’s competence of cosmetologists and client self-esteem to establish potential ways of psychological contact between a cosmetologist and his/her client. Methods: A survey of 156 cosmetologists of Irkutsk city and region was conducted to determine awareness and the need to obtain knowledge in the field of psychology and psychiatry for cosmetologists. A training program has been developed that will allow a cosmetologist to expand his/her knowledge in the field of psychological characteristics of patients with a dermatological profile and improve the quality of cosmetology services. Cosmetologists generally uncertainly assess their abilities in recognizing the psychological status, as well as the needs of a patient. A total of 259 female clients were exposed to a mirror gazing technique for psychological correction. Results: The psychological task of a cosmetologist is to constantly accompany and advise a client. The self-esteem survey revealed a positive shift towards accepting the presence of other people in one’s life and taking a confident and active position in problem-solving. Conclusions: Systematization of the obtained data will make it possible to distinguish different types of patient characteristics, which is a necessary and indispensable condition for successful correction, not so much cosmetological as psychological. A technique has been developed to deal with a depressive state in patients, including a comprehensive cosmetology-psychological approach divided into 5 stages.
{"title":"The Psychological perspective of cosmetologist’s work","authors":"N. Nikolaeva, A. Yakubovich, T. Terekhova, D. Panchenko, Elena Brovkina, L. Stepanova, Larisa Kondratieva","doi":"10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2450","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cosmetic institutions are an important element in human life, providing the opportunity for personal development. The study aims to analyze psychologist’s competence of cosmetologists and client self-esteem to establish potential ways of psychological contact between a cosmetologist and his/her client. Methods: A survey of 156 cosmetologists of Irkutsk city and region was conducted to determine awareness and the need to obtain knowledge in the field of psychology and psychiatry for cosmetologists. A training program has been developed that will allow a cosmetologist to expand his/her knowledge in the field of psychological characteristics of patients with a dermatological profile and improve the quality of cosmetology services. Cosmetologists generally uncertainly assess their abilities in recognizing the psychological status, as well as the needs of a patient. A total of 259 female clients were exposed to a mirror gazing technique for psychological correction. Results: The psychological task of a cosmetologist is to constantly accompany and advise a client. The self-esteem survey revealed a positive shift towards accepting the presence of other people in one’s life and taking a confident and active position in problem-solving. Conclusions: Systematization of the obtained data will make it possible to distinguish different types of patient characteristics, which is a necessary and indispensable condition for successful correction, not so much cosmetological as psychological. A technique has been developed to deal with a depressive state in patients, including a comprehensive cosmetology-psychological approach divided into 5 stages.","PeriodicalId":18428,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49618613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-13DOI: 10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2515
Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe, Tracy A. Prout, Matilde Fabiani, Thomas Kui
Background: Implicit emotion regulation, operationalized as psychological defense mechanisms, plays an important role in parenting, especially for parents of children with externalizing behavior problems. Research has highlighted the efficacy of the Regulation Focused Psychotherapy for Children (RFP-C) in reducing psychological distress in children with oppositional defiant disorder (Prout et al., 2019; Prout, 2020). The current, mixed-methods study analyzed the characteristic defensive functioning of parents whose children were treated with RFP-C. Methods: We analyzed 14 video-recorded parent sessions randomly selected from the RFP-C randomized controlled trial examining the efficacy of a novel manualized psychotherapy for children with externalizing behaviors. Defensive functioning was quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed using the Q-sort version of the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales (DMRS-Q; Di Giuseppe et al., 2014) for parents in the clinical sample and community controls. Results: Adaptive, obsessional, and neurotic defenses were most prevalent, with 10 to 30 defense mechanisms accounting for more than 5% of the overall defensive functioning score. Significantly higher use of affiliation, humor, suppression, and devaluation of other’s image were found among parents of children with oppositional defiant disorder as compared to community controls. Defensive Profile Narratives added a qualitative understanding of the strength and limitations of the caregivers’ emotion regulation. Discussion: Studying parents’ defense mechanisms may provide a better understanding of the parental experience of childhood distress and how parental defensive style may impact children’s externalizing behaviors. Addressing defensive functioning in a clinical setting could enhance psychological adjustment among children with oppositional defiant disorder and improve therapeutic outcomes.
背景：内隐情绪调节作为一种心理防御机制，在养育子女中发挥着重要作用，尤其是对有外化行为问题的儿童的父母来说。研究强调了以调节为中心的儿童心理治疗（RFP-C）在减少对立违抗性障碍儿童心理困扰方面的有效性（Prout et al.，2019；Prout，2020）。目前的混合方法研究分析了孩子接受RFP-C治疗的父母的防御功能特征。方法：我们分析了从RFP-C随机对照试验中随机选择的14个视频记录的家长会议，该试验旨在检验一种新型的手动心理治疗对有外化行为的儿童的疗效。使用Q型防御机制评定量表（DMRS-Q；Di Giuseppe等人，2014）对临床样本和社区对照中的父母的防御功能进行了定量和定性分析。结果：适应性、强迫性和神经质防御最为普遍，10至30种防御机制占整体防御功能得分的5%以上。与社区对照组相比，患有对立违抗性障碍的儿童的父母在从属关系、幽默、压制和贬低他人形象方面的使用率明显更高。防御性个人简介叙述增加了对照顾者情绪调节的强度和局限性的定性理解。讨论：研究父母的防御机制可以更好地了解父母童年痛苦的经历，以及父母的防御风格如何影响孩子的外化行为。在临床环境中解决防御功能可以增强对抗性违抗性障碍儿童的心理调节，并改善治疗效果。
{"title":"Defensive profile of parents of children with externalizing problems receiving Regulation-Focused Psychotherapy for Children (RFP-C): A pilot study","authors":"Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe, Tracy A. Prout, Matilde Fabiani, Thomas Kui","doi":"10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2515","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Implicit emotion regulation, operationalized as psychological defense mechanisms, plays an important role in parenting, especially for parents of children with externalizing behavior problems. Research has highlighted the efficacy of the Regulation Focused Psychotherapy for Children (RFP-C) in reducing psychological distress in children with oppositional defiant disorder (Prout et al., 2019; Prout, 2020). The current, mixed-methods study analyzed the characteristic defensive functioning of parents whose children were treated with RFP-C. Methods: We analyzed 14 video-recorded parent sessions randomly selected from the RFP-C randomized controlled trial examining the efficacy of a novel manualized psychotherapy for children with externalizing behaviors. Defensive functioning was quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed using the Q-sort version of the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales (DMRS-Q; Di Giuseppe et al., 2014) for parents in the clinical sample and community controls. Results: Adaptive, obsessional, and neurotic defenses were most prevalent, with 10 to 30 defense mechanisms accounting for more than 5% of the overall defensive functioning score. Significantly higher use of affiliation, humor, suppression, and devaluation of other’s image were found among parents of children with oppositional defiant disorder as compared to community controls. Defensive Profile Narratives added a qualitative understanding of the strength and limitations of the caregivers’ emotion regulation. Discussion: Studying parents’ defense mechanisms may provide a better understanding of the parental experience of childhood distress and how parental defensive style may impact children’s externalizing behaviors. Addressing defensive functioning in a clinical setting could enhance psychological adjustment among children with oppositional defiant disorder and improve therapeutic outcomes.","PeriodicalId":18428,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41574925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-13DOI: 10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2283
Özlem Kahraman Erkuş
Perversion is one of the three fundamental diagnostic categories that Lacan has proposed. In perversion, the first paternal function is achieved so that the alienation takes place, however, the secondary father function, “The name of the father” is not recognized, thus the person cannot be separated from their mother. This subject is included in the symbolic system with alienation, but the subject’s position is the mother’s object of enjoyment due to not being separated. Disavowal is seen as the mechanism in the formation of perversion, while defence mechanisms are defined as one ’ s reactions to castre. In the disavowal mechanism, the person both knows and rejects castration. Hence, one can accept two opposing ideas at the same time. The main purpose of this study is to exemplify the disavowal mechanism in the therapy process by compiling information about Lacanian perverse structure and disavowal mechanism, while sharing information for therapy process by summarizing a case using the disavowal mechanism. Therefore, in this article, Lacanian perverse structure and the mechanism of disavowal will be explained. Then, a case that was formulated in this framework will be introduced and the mechanism of disavowal will be exemplified. In the last part of the article, recommendations for the therapy process will be given.
{"title":"Lacanian Perverse Structure and Disavowal Mechanism: A Clinical Examination","authors":"Özlem Kahraman Erkuş","doi":"10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2283","url":null,"abstract":"Perversion is one of the three fundamental diagnostic categories that Lacan has proposed. In perversion, the first paternal function is achieved so that the alienation takes place, however, the secondary father function, “The name of the father” is not recognized, thus the person cannot be separated from their mother. This subject is included in the symbolic system with alienation, but the subject’s position is the mother’s object of enjoyment due to not being separated. Disavowal is seen as the mechanism in the formation of perversion, while defence mechanisms are defined as one ’ s reactions to castre. In the disavowal mechanism, the person both knows and rejects castration. Hence, one can accept two opposing ideas at the same time. The main purpose of this study is to exemplify the disavowal mechanism in the therapy process by compiling information about Lacanian perverse structure and disavowal mechanism, while sharing information for therapy process by summarizing a case using the disavowal mechanism. Therefore, in this article, Lacanian perverse structure and the mechanism of disavowal will be explained. Then, a case that was formulated in this framework will be introduced and the mechanism of disavowal will be exemplified. In the last part of the article, recommendations for the therapy process will be given.","PeriodicalId":18428,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43676936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-13DOI: 10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2428
B. Ragni, S. Cappelletti, S. D. Stasio, I. Tondo, N. Specchio, F. Vigevano, S. Gentile
Adolescents with epilepsy live with a chronic illness that influences their relationships with peers and the development of their autonomy. Questions have been raised as to whether quantitative research approaches can adequately capture patients' experiences of living with epilepsy. By comparison, qualitative research methodologies support a more in-depth exploration of patients' personal experiences, enabling epilepsy researchers to obtain meaningful and valuable insights into patients' unique point of view. Participants in the present study were eight adolescents with epilepsy (five females, three males) aged between 15 and 20 years. The data were collected via a standard focus group procedure and self-report measures (Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression; PHQ-9 ; Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale; GAD-7 and Quality of Life Inventory for Adolescents; QOLIE-AD-48 ) . Qualitative analysis of the focus group data yielded four key categories defining the psychosocial impact of epilepsy on adolescence: "Peer relationships and acceptance", "Autonomy", "School," and "Future". These outcomes suggest that epilepsy research may be significantly enhanced by the use of mixed-method approaches: adopting qualitative techniques such as focus group discussions to explore epileptic adolescents' thoughts and feelings and the psychosocial impact of epilepsy during adolescence, can inform clinical practice and promote the empowerment and quality of life of teenagers with epilepsy.
{"title":"The impact of epilepsy on adolescence: a quali-quantitative investigation using focus group","authors":"B. Ragni, S. Cappelletti, S. D. Stasio, I. Tondo, N. Specchio, F. Vigevano, S. Gentile","doi":"10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2428","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescents with epilepsy live with a chronic illness that influences their relationships with peers and the development of their autonomy. Questions have been raised as to whether quantitative research approaches can adequately capture patients' experiences of living with epilepsy. By comparison, qualitative research methodologies support a more in-depth exploration of patients' personal experiences, enabling epilepsy researchers to obtain meaningful and valuable insights into patients' unique point of view. Participants in the present study were eight adolescents with epilepsy (five females, three males) aged between 15 and 20 years. The data were collected via a standard focus group procedure and self-report measures (Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression; PHQ-9 ; Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale; GAD-7 and Quality of Life Inventory for Adolescents; QOLIE-AD-48 ) . Qualitative analysis of the focus group data yielded four key categories defining the psychosocial impact of epilepsy on adolescence: \"Peer relationships and acceptance\", \"Autonomy\", \"School,\" and \"Future\". These outcomes suggest that epilepsy research may be significantly enhanced by the use of mixed-method approaches: adopting qualitative techniques such as focus group discussions to explore epileptic adolescents' thoughts and feelings and the psychosocial impact of epilepsy during adolescence, can inform clinical practice and promote the empowerment and quality of life of teenagers with epilepsy.","PeriodicalId":18428,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48870472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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