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“Other” Culture in Bulgaria: Review of the monograph: Matanova, T. 2016. ‟With two families, two languages, two cultures ...ˮ. Generation of mixed marriage – identity and ethno-cultural characteristics. Sofia: Paradigma. 269 p. 保加利亚的“其他”文化:专著评论:Matanova, T. 2016。“两个家庭,两种语言,两种文化……代际异族婚姻的身份认同与民族文化特征。《索菲亚:范式》269页。
Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.7546/ds.2019.12.30
Natalіa Aksonova
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引用次数: 0
Bessarabian Bulgarians – Commanders in the Serbian-Bulgarian War of 1885 比萨拉比亚保加利亚人- 1885年塞尔维亚-保加利亚战争中的指挥官
Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.7546/ds.2019.12.04
Nikola Karaivanov
На 2 ноември 1885 г. войските на Сърбия нападат България. Започва Отечествената за българския народ Сръбско-българска война от 1885 г. В тази война за защита на България като командири вземат активно участие много бесарабски българи, които допринасят за българската победа във войната. Статията разглежда заслугите на 16 офицери – бесарабски българи, и обобщава огромния им принос за блестящата военна победа над врага. Ключови думи: бесарабски българи, офицери, война, победа
1885 年 11 月 2 日,塞尔维亚军队进攻保加利亚。许多别萨拉布保加利亚人作为指挥官积极参与了这场保卫保加利亚的战争,并为保加利亚在战争中取得胜利做出了贡献。文章对 16 名军官--贝萨拉布保加利亚人--的功绩进行了研究,并总结了他们为战胜敌人取得辉煌军事胜利做出的巨大贡献。关键词:贝萨拉布保加利亚人、军官、战争、胜利
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引用次数: 0
Between two empires: Baltic countries and Ukraine in 1918 两个帝国之间:1918年的波罗的海国家和乌克兰
Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.7546/ds.2019.12.23
A. Rusnachenko
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引用次数: 0
Petr Garchev (1923-2001) is the Ukrainian Historian from Malogo Buyalyika 彼得·加尔切夫(1923-2001),乌克兰历史学家,来自马洛戈布耶利卡
Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.7546/ds.2019.12.09
N. Yeliseyeva
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引用次数: 0
Between confrontation and attempts to reach an agreement: Ukrainian and Polish socialists in the conditions of the collapse of Austria-Hungary and the proclamation of ZUNR. 在对抗和试图达成协议之间:在奥匈帝国崩溃和宣布ZUNR的情况下,乌克兰和波兰社会主义者。
Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.7546/ds.2019.12.22
Ігор Райківський
The article revealed the relationship between Ukrainian and Polish socialists in Eastern Galicia at the beginning of the 20th century, on the eve and during the First World War, which ended with the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the proclamation of the Western Ukrainian People’s Republic (WUPR, ZUNR). In the political life of Austria-Hungary at the beginning of the 20th century а prominent place was occupied by the socialists, to which in Galicia, in particular, belonged the Polish Social-Democratic Party of Galicia and Silesia (from 1919 – the Polish Socialist Party) and the Ukrainian Social-Democratic Party of Galicia and Bukovina. Both autonomous parties were part of the Social Democratic Workers’ Party of Austria and tried to combine the national idea and Marxism. In the conditions of the First World War, Ukrainian and Polish Social Democrats clearly declared the priority of the national over the social-class and international, and their traditional critique and hostility towards the “bourgeois” parties became declarative. The leaders of both parties realized that the world war opened up real prospects for solving the national issue and took an active part in the activities of national representative institutions: the USDP leaders were in the Main Ukrainian Council, later – in the General Ukrainian Council, the PSDP leaders – in the Polish circle in the Austrian Parliament etc. After the collapse of the Habsburg monarchy in the autumn of 1918, the USDP and PSDP became the hostile sides of the armed conflict between the two nations. The Polish Socialists led the first governments of the Second Rzeczpospolita (Polish Republic), while the USDP representatives supported the November 1 uprising of Ukrainians in Lviv and in most of the Galician cities, joined the first Government of the ZUNR (WUPR), headed by K. Levytsky. At the same time, in the composition of both parties, there were few figures calling for a Polish-Ukrainian understanding and an alliance in the struggle against Russian imperialism. Thus, on March 31, 1918, the USDP official M.Hankevych wrote a letter to Polish socialist I.Dashinsky in order to reverse the Polish-Ukrainian conflict, but it did not get the result. After the defeat of the ZUNR (WUPR), the Polish Socialists proposed the projects of the territorial autonomy of the Eastern Galicia in the Second Rzeczpospolita, which, however, did not find support among the leaders of the USDP, which were the supporters of the formation of an independent Ukrainian state, to which Galicia had to enter. The restored USDP since 1928 had a relationship with the Polish Socialist Party but stable cooperation between the two parties was hindered by the contradiction in the national question.
这篇文章揭示了20世纪初,在第一次世界大战前夕和期间,东加利西亚的乌克兰和波兰社会主义者之间的关系。第一次世界大战以奥匈帝国的崩溃和西乌克兰人民共和国的宣布而结束。在20世纪初奥匈帝国的政治生活中,社会主义者占据了突出的地位,特别是在加利西亚,加利西亚和西里西亚的波兰社会民主党(从1919年起-波兰社会党)和加利西亚和布科维纳的乌克兰社会民主党都属于社会主义者。这两个自治政党都是奥地利社会民主工人党(Social Democratic Workers ' Party of Austria)的一部分,并试图将民族思想与马克思主义结合起来。在第一次世界大战的条件下,乌克兰和波兰社会民主党人明确地宣布民族优先于社会阶级和国际,他们对“资产阶级”政党的传统批评和敌意变成了声明性的。两党的领导人都意识到,世界大战为解决民族问题开辟了真正的前景,并积极参加了国家代表机构的活动:USDP领导人参加了乌克兰总委员会,后来-在乌克兰总委员会,PSDP领导人-在波兰圈,奥地利议会等。1918年秋天哈布斯堡王朝崩溃后,联邦巩固与发展党和社会民主党成为两国武装冲突的敌对双方。波兰社会党领导了第二Rzeczpospolita(波兰共和国)的第一届政府,而USDP代表支持11月1日乌克兰人在利沃夫和大多数加利西亚城市的起义,加入了由K.列维茨基领导的ZUNR (WUPR)的第一届政府。与此同时,在两党的组成中,很少有人呼吁波兰和乌克兰达成谅解,并在反对俄罗斯帝国主义的斗争中结成联盟。因此,1918年3月31日,联邦巩固与发展党官员M.Hankevych给波兰社会主义者I.Dashinsky写了一封信,希望扭转波兰和乌克兰的冲突,但没有得到结果。在ZUNR (WUPR)失败后,波兰社会主义者提出了在第二Rzeczpospolita中东加利西亚领土自治的计划,然而,这并没有得到联邦巩固与发展党领导人的支持,后者是一个独立的乌克兰国家的支持者,加利西亚必须加入。自1928年以来,恢复的联邦巩固与发展党与波兰社会党有关系,但由于民族问题的矛盾,两党之间的稳定合作受到阻碍。
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引用次数: 0
Surnames and nicknames of the Bulgarians from village Katarjyno (Znamenka) in the Odessa region 在敖德萨地区的村庄Katarjyno (Znamenka)保加利亚人的姓氏和昵称
Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.7546/ds.2019.12.15
Александр Визиров, Андрей Шабашов
The article examines the official and non-official surnames of the village Bulgarians Katarjyno (Znamenka). The authors, based on empirical data collected, analyzed origin surnames and nicknames and use this material as a historical source. In particular, it clarifies the origin of the ancestors of the Bulgarians Katarjyno and establishes that some of them belonged to the Ottoman Empire to the military class. The populous and famous village of Katarzhino (Stalino, Krasnoznamenka, Chervonoznamenka, Znamenka) is located north of Odessa at the confluence of the Sredny and Maly Kuyalnik rivers. The extremely favorable geographic location at the intersection of the main routes from the Black Sea coast to the north of Ukraine (now the Odessa-Kiev route) and from Tavria to Moldova, bypassing the estuaries of the Podolsk (Kherson-Tiraspol), predetermined the rapid development of the village and its environs over the past two hundred years. The first Bulgarian immigrants to Parcani were close in origin to the “old” Catharians, but representatives of the second wave, who eventually began to prevail here, were already from North-EasternBulgaria. Thus, the Catharians, like the Parcanians, mainly formed from two groups of Bulgarians, but if the Catharzhans were dominated by migrants from southeastern (the subethnic group of thrones and partly rupets), then by the second − from north-eastern Bulgaria. Urrently in everyday communication nicknames are used much less frequently than in the past. Young people most often do not know their hereditarynicknames. Some Catharzhians believe that they do not have street names, but in reality, the villagers easily call the nicknames of those who live nearby. We set ourselves the task of interviewing to collect the existing street names of the village, thereby preserving this unique material for history and comparing them with the official names of their speakers. Accordingly, the corps of the official names of the Bulgarians of the villagewas assembled. An initial analysis of the collected material was also conducted.
本文考察了保加利亚人Katarjyno (Znamenka)村的官方和非官方姓氏。作者根据收集到的经验数据,分析了他们的姓氏和昵称,并以此作为史料来源。特别是,它澄清了保加利亚人Katarjyno祖先的起源,并确定其中一些人属于奥斯曼帝国的军事阶层。人口众多的著名村庄卡塔日诺(Stalino, Krasnoznamenka, Chervonoznamenka, Znamenka)位于敖德萨北部,在Sredny河和Maly Kuyalnik河的交汇处。从黑海海岸到乌克兰北部(现在的敖德萨-基辅路线)和从塔夫里亚到摩尔多瓦的主要路线的交汇处,地理位置非常有利,绕过了波多尔斯克河口(赫尔森-蒂拉斯波尔),预先决定了村庄及其周边地区在过去两百年中的快速发展。第一批来到帕尔卡尼的保加利亚移民在起源上与“老”的天主教教徒很接近,但最终开始在这里盛行的第二波移民的代表已经来自保加利亚东北部。因此,像帕尔卡尼亚人一样,catharzhan主要由两个保加利亚人组成,但如果说catharzhan主要由来自东南部的移民(王座和部分rupets的次种族群体)组成,那么第二个则来自保加利亚东北部。如今,在日常交流中,昵称的使用频率比过去要低得多。年轻人通常不知道自己的世袭昵称。一些catharzhans人认为他们没有街道名称,但实际上,村民们很容易叫住在附近的人的绰号。我们的任务是采访收集该村现有的街道名称,从而保存这一独特的历史材料,并将其与说话者的正式名称进行比较。于是,村里保加利亚人的正式名字组成了一个军团。还对收集到的材料进行了初步分析。
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引用次数: 0
Myhailo Dragomanov and the beginning of the “Sbornik za narodni umotvorenia, nauka і knijnina”
Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.7546/ds.2019.12.16
Antonina Iakimova, Petko Hristov
У статті розглядається історія заснування першого наукового фольклорного збірника в Болгарії – “Сборник за народни умотворения, наука и книжнина”. Акцентовано увагу на важливій ролі видатного українського та європейського вченого Михайла Драгоманова – професора Софійського університету в підготовці першого наукового видання. Автори підкреслюють, що його внесок був незаперечним. По-перше, Іван Шишманов – один із засновників “Сборника”, сподівався, що Михайло Драгоманов постійно співпрацюватиме з виданням і з його допомогою воно перетвориться на періодичне. По-друге, Іван Франко зауважив, що програма фольклору, написана Драгомановим, віддає йому почесне місце одного із засновників “Сборника”. По-третє, Драгоманов опублікував у “Сборнику” свої фундаментальні фольклорні праці, над якими працював понад 20 років. Почетверте, фольклорні праці Драгоманова були прикладом та моделлю порівняльного методу для молодих болгарських учених. По-п’яте, Драгоманов сприяв популяризації “Сборника” та його поширенню серед західноєвропейських та східноєвропейських учених. Ключові слова: Михайло Драгоманов, “Сборник за народни умотворения”, програма фольклору, порівняльний метод.
文章探讨了保加利亚第一部科学民俗学著作《民间智慧、科学与文学集》的创刊历史。文章重点关注了索非亚大学教授、乌克兰和欧洲著名学者米哈伊洛-德拉霍马诺夫(Mykhailo Drahomanov)在第一本科学出版物的编写过程中发挥的重要作用。作者强调,他的贡献毋庸置疑。首先,《Sbornik》的创始人之一伊万-希什曼诺夫(Ivan Shyshmanov)希望米哈伊洛-德拉霍马诺夫不断与该刊物合作,并在他的帮助下将其办成期刊。其次,伊万-弗兰科(Ivan Franko)指出,德拉霍马诺夫撰写的民间传说节目使他荣幸地成为 "Sbornik "的创始人之一。第三,德拉霍马诺夫在《Sbornik》上发表了他 20 多年来一直在研究的基本民俗学著作。第四,德拉霍马诺夫的民俗学著作为保加利亚年轻学者树立了比较方法的榜样和典范。第五,德拉霍马诺夫为《斯博尼克》的普及和在西欧和东欧学者中的传播做出了贡献。关键词米哈伊洛-德拉霍马诺夫、《Sbornik za Narodni Umotvorennia》、民俗学计划、比较方法。
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引用次数: 0
In memory of Irina Zakharyevna Dimitrova (1936-2018) 纪念伊琳娜·扎哈耶夫娜·季米特罗娃(1936-2018)
Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.7546/ds.2019.12.01
M. Stanchev
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引用次数: 0
І. Mavrodi (1911-1981) and his novel “Katarzhyˮ
Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.7546/ds.2019.12.10
N. Samoylenko
У статті з’ясовуються життєвий шлях та соціалізація як літератора представника болгарської діаспори в Україні І. В. Мавроді. Творчість та доля письменника є типовим прикладом життєвого шляху людини того покоління, яке віддано служило високим ідеалам у часи, переповнені драмами та трагедіями радянської модернізації, Другої світової війни, великим терором, Художні твори письменника представляють інтерес як своєрідне історичне джерело з історії радянського суспільства. Автор доходить висновку, що творчість І. В. стверджувала не тільки класові цінності доби, за якої він жив, але й од вічні непідвладні часу етичні норми. Ключові слова: болгарська діаспора, історичний роман, болгаромовна література в Україні, історичне джерело, «homo soveticus».
文章探讨了乌克兰保加利亚侨民代表 I. V. Mavrodi 作为作家的生活和社会化历程。作家的作品和命运是那一代人生活道路的典型范例,他们在苏联现代化、第二次世界大战和大恐怖等充满戏剧性和悲剧性的时代忠实地为崇高理想服务。作者得出的结论是,I. V. 的作品不仅肯定了他所处时代的阶级价值观,也肯定了永恒的道德准则。关键词:散居国外的保加利亚人;历史小说;乌克兰的保加利亚语文学;历史渊源;"索维蒂斯人"。
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引用次数: 0
The Contribution of Dr. Dimitar Mutev (1818-1864) for the Construction of the Bolgrad High School as a Bulgarian National Educational Centre Dimitar Mutev博士(1818-1864)对建设作为保加利亚国家教育中心的Bolgrad高中的贡献
Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.7546/ds.2019.12.02
Tatyana Karaivanova
Bessarabian villages and especially for the enslaved Bulgarian lands. Books with religious themes, different socio-political literature and artistic works are published. In the city began its activity and the theater company. Whose actors are teachers and high school students who bring residents to theater art. That same year, for the first time in Bessarabia, the feast of St. St. Cyril and Methodius, and for the first time in Bulgarian history is celebrated as a public holiday -St. Ivan Rilski, which in the 20th century became a “Den na narodnite buditeli”. The greatest historical merit of Dr. Dimitar Mutev is that for four years he turned the Bolgrad high school into an elite secondary school on a European level; in a Revival educational, cultural and social center not only for the Bulgarian emigration, but for the entire nation.
比萨拉比亚村庄,尤其是保加利亚的奴隶土地。出版了宗教题材的书籍、不同的社会政治文学和艺术作品。在这个城市开始了它的活动和剧团。他们的演员是老师和高中生,他们把居民带到戏剧艺术中。同年,第一次在比萨拉比亚,圣西里尔和麦多迪乌斯节,也是保加利亚历史上第一次作为公共假日庆祝。Ivan Rilski,在20世纪成为了“Den na narodnite buditeli”。Dimitar Mutev博士最大的历史功绩是,在四年的时间里,他把博尔格勒高中变成了一所欧洲水平的精英中学;在一个复兴教育、文化和社会中心,不仅为保加利亚移民,而且为整个国家。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Drinovsky sbornik
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