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An in-house 45-plex array for the detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in Gram-positive bacteria 一种用于检测革兰氏阳性细菌耐药基因的内部45-plex阵列
IF 3.4 3区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1341
Carole Kowalewicz, Michael Timmermans, David Fretin, Pierre Wattiau, Cécile Boland

Identifying antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and determining their occurrence in Gram-positive bacteria provide useful data to understand how resistance can be acquired and maintained in these bacteria. We describe an in-house bead array targeting AMR genes of Gram-positive bacteria and allowing their rapid detection all at once at a reduced cost. A total of 41 AMR probes were designed to target genes frequently associated with resistance to tetracycline, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramins, pleuromutilins, phenicols, glycopeptides, aminoglycosides, diaminopyrimidines, oxazolidinones and particularly shared among Enterococcus and Staphylococcus spp. A collection of 124 enterococci and 62 staphylococci isolated from healthy livestock animals through the official Belgian AMR monitoring (2018–2020) was studied with this array from which a subsample was further investigated by whole-genome sequencing. The array detected AMR genes associated with phenotypic resistance for 93.0% and 89.2% of the individual resistant phenotypes in enterococci and staphylococci, respectively. Although linezolid is not used in veterinary medicine, linezolid-resistant isolates were detected. These were characterized by the presence of optrA and poxtA, providing cross-resistance to other antibiotics. Rarer, vancomycin resistance was conferred by the vanA or by the vanL cluster. Numerous resistance genes circulating among Enterococcus and Staphylococcus spp. were detected by this array allowing rapid screening of a large strain collection at an affordable cost. Our data stress the importance of interpreting AMR with caution and the complementarity of both phenotyping and genotyping methods. This array is now available to assess other One-Health AMR reservoirs.

鉴定抗微生物耐药性(AMR)基因并确定其在革兰氏阳性菌中的发生率,为了解这些细菌如何获得和维持耐药性提供了有用的数据。我们描述了一种针对革兰氏阳性菌AMR基因的内部珠阵列,并允许以降低的成本同时快速检测它们。共设计了41种AMR探针,靶向经常与四环素、大环内酯类、林可酰胺类、链菌素、胸膜菌素、氯霉素、糖肽、氨基糖苷类、二氨基嘧啶类、恶唑烷酮相关的基因,尤其是肠球菌和葡萄球菌共有的基因。使用该阵列研究了通过比利时官方AMR监测(2018-2020)从健康牲畜中分离的124株肠球菌和62株葡萄球菌,并通过全基因组测序进一步研究了其中的子样本。该阵列检测到与表型耐药性相关的AMR基因,分别占肠球菌和葡萄球菌个体耐药性表型的93.0%和89.2%。虽然利奈唑胺不用于兽医,但检测到了利奈唑啉耐药菌株。其特征是存在optrA和poxtA,提供对其他抗生素的交叉耐药性。更罕见的是,万古霉素耐药性是由vanA或vanL簇赋予的。通过该阵列检测到在肠球菌和葡萄球菌中循环的许多抗性基因,从而能够以负担得起的成本快速筛选大量菌株。我们的数据强调了谨慎解释AMR的重要性,以及表型和基因分型方法的互补性。该阵列现在可用于评估其他One Health AMR储层。
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引用次数: 1
Deciphering the role of host species for two Mycobacterium bovis genotypes from the European 3 clonal complex circulation within a cattle‐badger‐wild boar multihost system 破译牛-獾-野猪多宿主系统中欧洲3克隆复杂循环中两种牛分枝杆菌基因型的宿主物种作用
IF 3.4 3区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1331
L. Canini, Gabriela Modenesi, Aurélie Courcoul, M. Boschiroli, B. Durand, L. Michelet
Bovine tuberculosis is a common disease affecting cattle and wildlife worldwide. Mycobacterium bovis circulation in wildlife decreases the efficacy of surveillance and control programs in cattle. Strains of the European 3 clonal complex are the most frequent in France. The aim of our work was hence to investigate the role played by cattle and wildlife species in the circulation of two M. bovis European 3 strains circulation. WGS of M. bovis strains collected between 2010 and 2017 in two distinct areas (Nouvelle‐Aquitaine region, NAq, and Côte‐d'Or département, CdO), from badgers, wild boars, and cattle were used in an evolutionary model to infer the transition between the three species. We computed host species transition and persistence between two consecutive nodes and the average number of transitions per tree. In total, 144 and 218 samples were collected respectively in CdO and NAq. In CdO, three between‐species transition rates stood out: from cattle to badgers, from badgers to wild boars, and from wild boars to cattle. In NAq an additional fourth transition rate was identified: from badgers to cattle. However, host transition remained a rare event. Our results suggest that wild boars could be an intermediary host between badgers and cattle in the circulation of the studied strains in CdO and NAq. Our results also highlight the differences between these two areas, suggesting that the transition pattern does not only depend on the host species and other ecological, landscape and anthropic factors are important.
牛结核病是一种影响全世界牛和野生动物的常见疾病。牛分枝杆菌在野生动物中的传播降低了牛监测和控制计划的有效性。欧洲3克隆复合体的菌株在法国最常见。因此,我们的工作目的是调查牛和野生动物物种在两种牛分枝杆菌欧洲3株传播中的作用。2010年至2017年在两个不同地区(NAq的Nouvelle‐Aquitaine地区和Côte‐d’or dacimpartement, CdO)从獾、野猪和牛中收集的牛分支杆菌菌株的WGS用于进化模型,以推断三种物种之间的过渡。我们计算了宿主物种在两个连续节点之间的转换和持久性以及每棵树的平均转换次数。共采集样本144份,NAq 218份。在CdO中,有三种物种间的转换率突出:从牛到獾,从獾到野猪,从野猪到牛。在NAq,还确定了第四个转换率:从獾到牛。然而,宿主转换仍然是一个罕见的事件。我们的研究结果表明,野猪可能是獾和牛之间的中间宿主,在研究菌株的循环在CdO和NAq。我们的研究结果还突出了这两个地区之间的差异,表明过渡模式不仅取决于宿主物种,而且其他生态、景观和人为因素也很重要。
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引用次数: 3
Deciphering the role of host species for two Mycobacterium bovis genotypes from the European 3 clonal complex circulation within a cattle-badger-wild boar multihost system 牛-獾-野猪多宿主系统中欧洲3克隆复合体循环中两种牛分枝杆菌基因型宿主物种的作用
IF 3.4 3区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1331
Laetitia Canini, Gabriela Modenesi, Aurélie Courcoul, Maria-Laura Boschiroli, Benoit Durand, Lorraine Michelet

Bovine tuberculosis is a common disease affecting cattle and wildlife worldwide. Mycobacterium bovis circulation in wildlife decreases the efficacy of surveillance and control programs in cattle. Strains of the European 3 clonal complex are the most frequent in France. The aim of our work was hence to investigate the role played by cattle and wildlife species in the circulation of two M. bovis European 3 strains circulation. WGS of M. bovis strains collected between 2010 and 2017 in two distinct areas (Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, NAq, and Côte-d'Or département, CdO), from badgers, wild boars, and cattle were used in an evolutionary model to infer the transition between the three species. We computed host species transition and persistence between two consecutive nodes and the average number of transitions per tree. In total, 144 and 218 samples were collected respectively in CdO and NAq. In CdO, three between-species transition rates stood out: from cattle to badgers, from badgers to wild boars, and from wild boars to cattle. In NAq an additional fourth transition rate was identified: from badgers to cattle. However, host transition remained a rare event. Our results suggest that wild boars could be an intermediary host between badgers and cattle in the circulation of the studied strains in CdO and NAq. Our results also highlight the differences between these two areas, suggesting that the transition pattern does not only depend on the host species and other ecological, landscape and anthropic factors are important.

牛结核病是一种影响全世界牛和野生动物的常见疾病。牛分枝杆菌在野生动物中的循环降低了牛监测和控制计划的效力。欧洲3克隆复合体的菌株在法国最为常见。因此,我们工作的目的是调查牛和野生动物物种在两种欧洲牛分枝杆菌3株循环中所起的作用。2010年至2017年间在两个不同地区(新阿基坦地区,NAq和Côte-d'Or départment,CdO)从獾、野猪和牛身上采集的牛分枝杆菌菌株的WGS被用于进化模型,以推断这三个物种之间的转变。我们计算了两个连续节点之间的宿主物种转移和持久性,以及每棵树的平均转移次数。总共,在CdO和NAq中分别收集了144个和218个样本。在CdO中,有三种物种间的过渡率很突出:从牛到獾,从獾到野猪,从野猪到牛。在NAq中,发现了另外的第四个转变率:从獾到牛。然而,主机转换仍然是一个罕见的事件。我们的研究结果表明,在CdO和NAq研究菌株的循环中,野猪可能是獾和牛之间的中间宿主。我们的研究结果还强调了这两个地区之间的差异,表明过渡模式不仅取决于宿主物种,其他生态、景观和人类因素也很重要。
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引用次数: 3
The cell cycle of Staphylococcus aureus: An updated review 金黄色葡萄球菌的细胞周期:最新综述
IF 3.4 3区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1338
Maria D. Barbuti, Ine S. Myrbråten, Danae Morales Angeles, Morten Kjos

As bacteria proliferate, DNA replication, chromosome segregation, cell wall synthesis, and cytokinesis occur concomitantly and need to be tightly regulated and coordinated. Although these cell cycle processes have been studied for decades, several mechanisms remain elusive, specifically in coccus-shaped cells such as Staphylococcus aureus. In recent years, major progress has been made in our understanding of how staphylococci divide, including new, fundamental insights into the mechanisms of cell wall synthesis and division site selection. Furthermore, several novel proteins and mechanisms involved in the regulation of replication initiation or progression of the cell cycle have been identified and partially characterized. In this review, we will summarize our current understanding of the cell cycle processes in the spheroid model bacterium S. aureus, with a focus on recent advances in the understanding of how these processes are regulated.

随着细菌的增殖,DNA复制、染色体分离、细胞壁合成和胞质分裂同时发生,需要严格调控和协调。尽管这些细胞周期过程已经研究了几十年,但有几种机制仍然难以捉摸,特别是在球菌形细胞中,如金黄色葡萄球菌。近年来,我们对葡萄球菌如何分裂的理解取得了重大进展,包括对细胞壁合成和分裂位点选择机制的新的基本见解。此外,已经鉴定并部分表征了参与细胞周期复制起始或进展调控的几种新蛋白质和机制。在这篇综述中,我们将总结我们目前对球形模式细菌金黄色葡萄球菌细胞周期过程的理解,重点是对这些过程如何调节的理解的最新进展。
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引用次数: 7
A universal stress protein upregulated by hypoxia has a role in Burkholderia cenocepacia intramacrophage survival: Implications for chronic infection in cystic fibrosis 缺氧上调的通用应激蛋白在巨噬细胞内伯克霍尔德菌存活中起作用:对囊性纤维化慢性感染的影响
IF 3.4 3区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1311
Andrew O'Connor, Irene Jurado-Martín, Margaritha M. Mysior, Anotidaishe L. Manzira, Joanna Drabinska, Jeremy C. Simpson, Mary Lucey, Kirsten Schaffer, Rita Berisio, Siobhán McClean

Universal stress proteins (USPs) are ubiquitously expressed in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes and play a lead role in adaptation to environmental conditions. They enable adaptation of bacterial pathogens to the conditions encountered in the human niche, including hypoxia, oxidative stress, osmotic stress, nutrient deficiency, or acid stress, thereby facilitating colonization. We previously reported that all six USP proteins encoded within a low-oxygen activated (lxa) locus in Burkholderia cenocepacia showed increased abundance during chronic colonization of the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung. However, the role of USPs in chronic cystic fibrosis infection is not well understood. Structural modeling identified surface arginines on one lxa-encoded USP, USP76, which suggested it mediated interactions with heparan sulfate. Using mutants derived from the B. cenocepacia strain, K56-2, we show that USP76 is involved in host cell attachment. Pretreatment of lung epithelial cells with heparanase reduced the binding of the wild-type and complement strains but not the Δusp76 mutant strain, indicating that USP76 is directly or indirectly involved in receptor recognition on the surface of epithelial cells. We also show that USP76 is required for growth and survival in many conditions associated with the CF lung, including acidic conditions and oxidative stress. Moreover, USP76 also has a role in survival in macrophages isolated from people with CF. Overall, while further elucidation of the exact mechanism(s) is required, we can conclude that USP76, which is upregulated during chronic infection, is involved in bacterial survival within CF macrophages, a hallmark of Burkholderia infection.

通用应激蛋白(USPs)在细菌、古细菌和真核生物中普遍表达,在适应环境条件中起主导作用。它们使细菌病原体能够适应人类生态位中遇到的条件,包括缺氧、氧化应激、渗透应激、营养缺乏或酸胁迫,从而促进定植。我们之前报道过,在囊性纤维化(CF)肺的慢性定植过程中,在囊性纤维化(CF)肺的低氧激活(lxa)位点编码的所有六种USP蛋白都显示出增加的丰度。然而,USPs在慢性囊性纤维化感染中的作用尚不清楚。结构建模鉴定了一个lxa编码的USP, USP76上的表面精氨酸,这表明它介导了与硫酸肝素的相互作用。研究人员利用从cenocepacia芽孢杆菌菌株K56-2衍生的突变体发现,USP76参与了宿主细胞的附着。用肝素酶预处理肺上皮细胞可降低野生型和补体菌株的结合,而Δusp76突变株的结合不明显,说明USP76直接或间接参与了上皮细胞表面的受体识别。我们还发现,在许多与CF肺相关的条件下,包括酸性条件和氧化应激,USP76是生长和存活所必需的。此外,USP76也在CF患者巨噬细胞的存活中发挥作用。总的来说,虽然需要进一步阐明确切的机制,但我们可以得出结论,在慢性感染期间上调的USP76参与CF巨噬细胞内细菌的存活,这是伯克霍尔德菌感染的一个标志。
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引用次数: 1
Diversity and composition of the microbiome associated with eggs of the Southern green stinkbug, Nezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) 南方绿臭虫(Nezara viridula)虫卵微生物群的多样性和组成(半翅目:蝽科)
IF 3.4 3区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-07 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1337
Margot W. J. Geerinck, Sara Van Hee, Gabriele Gloder, Sam Crauwels, Stefano Colazza, Hans Jacquemyn, Antonino Cusumano, Bart Lievens

Although microbial communities of insects from larval to adult stage have been increasingly investigated in recent years, little is still known about the diversity and composition of egg-associated microbiomes. In this study, we used high-throughput amplicon sequencing and quantitative PCR to get a better understanding of the microbiome of insect eggs and how they are established using the Southern green stinkbug Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) as a study object. First, to determine the bacterial community composition, egg masses from two natural populations in Belgium and Italy were examined. Subsequently, microbial community establishment was assessed by studying stinkbug eggs of different ages obtained from laboratory strains (unlaid eggs collected from the ovaries, eggs less than 24 h old, and eggs collected 4 days after oviposition). Both the external and internal egg-associated microbiomes were analyzed by investigating egg washes and surface-sterilized washed eggs, respectively. Eggs from the ovaries were completely devoid of bacteria, indicating that egg-associated bacteria were deposited on the eggs during or after oviposition. The bacterial diversity of deposited eggs was very low, with on average 6.1 zero-radius operational taxonomic units (zOTUs) in the external microbiome and 1.2 zOTUs in internal samples of egg masses collected from the field. Bacterial community composition and density did not change significantly over time, suggesting limited bacterial growth. A Pantoea-like symbiont previously found in the midgut of N. viridula was found in every sample and generally occurred at high relative and absolute densities, especially in the internal egg samples. Additionally, some eggs harbored a Sodalis symbiont, which has previously been found in the abdomen of several insects, but so far not in N. viridula populations. We conclude that the egg-associated bacterial microbiome of N. viridula is species-poor and dominated by a few symbionts, particularly the species-specific obligate Pantoea-like symbiont.

近年来,人们对昆虫从幼虫到成虫阶段的微生物群落进行了越来越多的研究,但对与卵相关的微生物群落的多样性和组成知之甚少。本研究以南方绿臭虫Nezara viridula (L.)(半翅目:Pentatomidae)为研究对象,采用高通量扩增子测序和定量PCR技术,深入了解虫卵微生物组及其建立机制。首先,为了确定细菌群落组成,研究人员检查了比利时和意大利两个自然种群的鸡蛋质量。随后,通过研究实验室菌株不同年龄的臭虫卵(从卵巢采集的未产卵卵、小于24 h的卵和产卵后4 d采集的卵)来评估微生物群落的建立。通过对洗蛋液和表面消毒的洗蛋液,分别分析了外部和内部鸡蛋相关微生物组。来自卵巢的卵完全没有细菌,表明与卵相关的细菌在产卵期间或产卵后沉积在卵上。产卵卵的细菌多样性很低,野外采集的卵团体外微生物群平均为6.1个零半径操作分类单位(zero-radius operational taxonomic units, zOTUs),体内微生物群平均为1.2个。细菌群落组成和密度随时间变化不明显,表明细菌生长有限。在每个样本中都发现了一种在病毒乳杆菌中肠中发现的泛菌状共生体,并且通常以较高的相对密度和绝对密度出现,特别是在内部卵样本中。此外,一些卵还含有一种共生体,这种共生体以前在几种昆虫的腹部被发现,但到目前为止还没有在N. viridula种群中发现。我们得出结论,病毒乳杆菌的卵相关细菌微生物组是物种贫乏的,由少数共生体主导,特别是种特异性的专性pantoea样共生体。
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引用次数: 4
Characterizing viral samples using machine learning for Raman and absorption spectroscopy 利用拉曼和吸收光谱的机器学习表征病毒样本
IF 3.4 3区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1336
Miad Boodaghidizaji, Shreya Milind Athalye, Sukirt Thakur, Ehsan Esmaili, Mohit S. Verma, Arezoo M. Ardekani

Machine learning methods can be used as robust techniques to provide invaluable information for analyzing biological samples in pharmaceutical industries, such as predicting the concentration of viral particles of interest in biological samples. Here, we utilized both convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and random forests (RFs) to predict the concentration of the samples containing measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella-zoster viruses (ProQuad®) based on Raman and absorption spectroscopy. We prepared Raman and absorption spectra data sets with known concentration values, then used the Raman and absorption signals individually and together to train RFs and CNNs. We demonstrated that both RFs and CNNs can make predictions with R2 values as high as 95%. We proposed two different networks to jointly use the Raman and absorption spectra, where our results demonstrated that concatenating the Raman and absorption data increases the prediction accuracy compared to using either Raman or absorption spectrum alone. Additionally, we further verified the advantage of using joint Raman-absorption with principal component analysis. Furthermore, our method can be extended to characterize properties other than concentration, such as the type of viral particles.

机器学习方法可以作为强大的技术,为制药行业的生物样品分析提供宝贵的信息,例如预测生物样品中感兴趣的病毒颗粒的浓度。在这里,我们利用卷积神经网络(cnn)和随机森林(rf)基于拉曼和吸收光谱预测含有麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹和水痘-带状疱疹病毒(ProQuad®)的样品浓度。我们制备了已知浓度值的拉曼和吸收光谱数据集,然后分别使用拉曼和吸收信号,并将它们一起用于训练rf和cnn。我们证明了RFs和cnn都可以做出R2值高达95%的预测。我们提出了两种不同的网络来联合使用拉曼光谱和吸收光谱,我们的结果表明,与单独使用拉曼光谱或吸收光谱相比,连接拉曼和吸收数据提高了预测精度。此外,我们进一步验证了联合拉曼吸收与主成分分析的优势。此外,我们的方法可以扩展到表征浓度以外的特性,例如病毒颗粒的类型。
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引用次数: 1
A yeast-based tool for screening mammalian diacylglycerol acyltransferase inhibitors 筛选哺乳动物二酰基甘油酰基转移酶抑制剂的酵母为基础的工具
IF 3.4 3区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1334
Peter Gajdoš, Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro, Jean-Marc Nicaud, Tristan Rossignol

Dysregulation of lipid metabolism is associated with obesity and metabolic diseases but there is also increasing evidence of a relationship between lipid body excess and cancer. Lipid body synthesis requires diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGATs) which catalyze the last step of triacylglycerol synthesis from diacylglycerol and acyl-coenzyme A. The DGATs and in particular DGAT2, are therefore considered potential therapeutic targets for the control of these pathologies. Here, the murine and the human DGAT2 were overexpressed in the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica deleted for all DGAT activities, to evaluate the functionality of the enzymes in this heterologous host and DGAT activity inhibitors. This work provides evidence that mammalian DGATs expressed in Y. lipolytica are a useful tool for screening chemical libraries to identify potential inhibitors or activators of these enzymes of therapeutic interest.

脂质代谢失调与肥胖和代谢性疾病有关,但也有越来越多的证据表明脂质体过量与癌症之间存在关系。脂体合成需要二酰基甘油酰基转移酶(dgat),它催化二酰基甘油和酰基辅酶a合成三酰基甘油的最后一步。因此,dgat,特别是DGAT2,被认为是控制这些病理的潜在治疗靶点。在本研究中,小鼠和人类DGAT2在剔除所有DGAT活性的脂质耶氏酵母中过表达,以评估该酶在异种宿主和DGAT活性抑制剂中的功能。这项工作提供了证据,表明哺乳动物在脂肪瘤中表达的dgat是筛选化学文库的有用工具,可以识别这些酶的潜在抑制剂或激活剂。
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引用次数: 0
Observations on the interaction between plant growth-promoting bacteria and the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica 植物促生菌与爪哇根结线虫相互作用的观察
IF 3.4 3区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-26 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1319
Aoife Egan, Thomais Kakouli-Duarte

Pseudomonas fluorescens, strains L124, L228, L321, and the positive control strain F113 used in this study, produce compounds associated with plant growth promotion, biocontrol, antimicrobial and antiviral activity, and adaptation to stresses. These bacterial strains were tested in vitro and in vivo in tomato plants, to determine their potential role in Meloidogyne javanica suppression. In laboratory experiments, only 2% of M. javanica eggs hatched when exposed to the metabolites of each bacterial strain. Additionally, 100% M. javanica J2 mortality was recorded when nematodes were exposed to the metabolites of F113 and L228. In greenhouse experiments, M. javanica infected tomato plants, which were also inoculated with the bacterial strains F113 and L124, displayed the highest biomass (height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight) of all bacterial treatments tested. Results from the development and induced systemic resistance experiments indicated that the bacterial strains F113 and L321 had the most effective biocontrol capacity over nematode infection, delayed nematode development (J3/J4, adults and galls), and reduced nematode fecundity. In addition, these results indicated that the bacterial strain L124 is an effective plant growth promoter of tomato plants. Furthermore, it was determined that the bacterial strain L321 was capable of M. javanica biocontrol. P. fluorescens F113 was effective at both increasing tomato plant biomass and M. javanica biocontrol. In an agricultural context, applying successional drenches with these beneficial plant growth promoting rhizobacteria would ensure bacteria viability in the rhizosphere of the plants, encourage positive plant bacterial interactions and increase biocontrol against M. javanica.

本研究中使用的荧光假单胞菌菌株L124、L228、L321和阳性对照菌株F113产生与植物生长促进、生物防治、抗菌和抗病毒活性以及逆境适应相关的化合物。研究了这些菌株在番茄植株体内和体外的抑菌作用。在实验室实验中,当暴露于每种菌株的代谢物时,只有2%的爪哇支原体卵孵化。此外,当线虫暴露于F113和L228的代谢物时,记录到100%的javanica J2死亡率。在温室试验中,同样接种菌株F113和L124的黑僵菌侵染番茄植株的生物量(株高、叶数、鲜重和干重)在所有细菌处理中最高。发育和诱导抗性实验结果表明,菌株F113和L321对线虫感染、延缓线虫发育(J3/J4、成虫和瘿虫)和降低线虫繁殖力具有最有效的生物防治能力。此外,这些结果表明菌株L124是一种有效的番茄植株生长促进剂。结果表明,菌株L321具有一定的防菌活性。荧光假单胞菌F113对提高番茄植株生物量和防治爪哇菌均有显著效果。在农业环境中,连续施用这些有益植物生长的促进根细菌的雨水将确保植物根际细菌的活力,促进植物细菌的积极相互作用,并增加对爪哇栗霉的生物防治。
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引用次数: 1
The emergence of the tetrathionate reductase operon in the Escherichia coli/Shigella pan-genome 大肠杆菌/志贺氏菌泛基因组中四硫酸还原酶操纵子的出现
IF 3.4 3区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-06 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1333
Floyd G. Adsit Jr, Thomas A. Randall, Jacqueline Locklear, David M. Kurtz

Escherichia coli pathogenic variants (pathovars) are generally characterized by defined virulence traits and are susceptible to the evolution of hybridized identities due to the considerable plasticity of the E. coli genome. We have isolated a strain from a purified diet intended for research animals that further demonstrates the ability of E. coli to acquire novel genetic elements leading potentially to emergent new pathovars. Utilizing next generation sequencing to obtain a whole genome profile, we report an atypical strain of E. coli, EcoFA807-17, possessing a tetrathionate reductase (ttr) operon, which enables the utilization of tetrathionate as an electron acceptor, thus facilitating respiration in anaerobic environments such as the mammalian gut. The ttr operon is a potent virulence factor for several enteric pathogens, most prominently Salmonella enterica. However, the presence of chromosomally integrated tetrathionate reductase genes does not appear to have been previously reported in wild-type E. coli or Shigella. Accordingly, it is possible that the appearance of this virulence factor may signal the evolution of new mechanisms of pathogenicity in E. coli and Shigella and may potentially alter the effectiveness of existing assays using tetrathionate reductase as a unique marker for the detection of Salmonella enterica.

大肠杆菌致病性变异(病原菌)通常具有明确的毒力特征,并且由于大肠杆菌基因组的相当大的可塑性,易受杂交身份进化的影响。我们已经从用于研究动物的纯化饮食中分离出一株菌株,这进一步证明了大肠杆菌获得新遗传元件的能力,可能导致新病原体的出现。利用下一代测序获得全基因组图谱,我们报道了一株非典型大肠杆菌EcoFA807-17,该菌株具有四硫酸盐还原酶(ttr)操纵子,该操纵子能够利用四硫酸盐作为电子受体,从而促进哺乳动物肠道等厌氧环境中的呼吸。ttr操纵子是几种肠道病原体的有效毒力因子,最突出的是肠沙门氏菌。然而,在野生型大肠杆菌或志贺氏菌中,染色体整合四硫酸还原酶基因的存在似乎并没有先前的报道。因此,这种毒力因子的出现可能标志着大肠杆菌和志贺氏菌致病性新机制的进化,并可能潜在地改变现有使用四硫酸还原酶作为检测肠沙门氏菌的独特标记物的检测方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
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