Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.1998.666815
E. Chang, T. Dillon
The design of the user interface (UI) involves: a) logical design of the UI; and b) perceptual design of the UI. The logical design of a user interface includes both static or data related and dynamic or navigational aspects. The static aspects were discussed previously (E.J. Chang and T.S. Dillon, 1997). An important part of the static design is the determination of abstract user interface (AUI) objects. These abstract interface objects contain all of the information related to carrying out: (i) entry and display of information; (ii) actions that need to be taken by the user to move to another AUI object or window; (iii) actions to initiate or stop an action within the system. They do not however, contain information on the set of preconditions that must hold before a particular action under (ii) or (iii) above can be taken. Nor do they contain information on the set of post conditions that apply after the action is taken. These preconditions and post conditions, when chained together, specify the sequencing of events between the AUI objects. We define the Flow of Interaction Nets (FIN) which provide information related to this sequencing. These nets define the Flow of Interaction between the user and the system.
{"title":"The navigational aspects of the logical design of user interfaces","authors":"E. Chang, T. Dillon","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.1998.666815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.1998.666815","url":null,"abstract":"The design of the user interface (UI) involves: a) logical design of the UI; and b) perceptual design of the UI. The logical design of a user interface includes both static or data related and dynamic or navigational aspects. The static aspects were discussed previously (E.J. Chang and T.S. Dillon, 1997). An important part of the static design is the determination of abstract user interface (AUI) objects. These abstract interface objects contain all of the information related to carrying out: (i) entry and display of information; (ii) actions that need to be taken by the user to move to another AUI object or window; (iii) actions to initiate or stop an action within the system. They do not however, contain information on the set of preconditions that must hold before a particular action under (ii) or (iii) above can be taken. Nor do they contain information on the set of post conditions that apply after the action is taken. These preconditions and post conditions, when chained together, specify the sequencing of events between the AUI objects. We define the Flow of Interaction Nets (FIN) which provide information related to this sequencing. These nets define the Flow of Interaction between the user and the system.","PeriodicalId":186028,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings First International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC '98)","volume":"570 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116252360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.1998.666775
Hong-Jin Park, Kyung-Ah Chun, Young-Chan Kim
Synchronization and communication are two common sources of priority inversion that may make the behavior of systems unpredictable and analyzable. In real-time systems, to predict the timing constraints of applications, we need to solve the priority inversion problem using the priority inheritance protocol. This requires a real-time server model that would provide us with better preemptability without affecting the overhead of the real-time system. However, the traditional real-time server model is not able to solve the trade-off between the high preemptability and the low overhead of the real-time system. We propose an associative prioritized worker model as a new real-time server model that solves the problems mentioned. Our approach enables us to build operating system servers and to decompose applications into several tasks without the priority inversion problem.
{"title":"Associative prioritized worker model with priority inheritance protocol","authors":"Hong-Jin Park, Kyung-Ah Chun, Young-Chan Kim","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.1998.666775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.1998.666775","url":null,"abstract":"Synchronization and communication are two common sources of priority inversion that may make the behavior of systems unpredictable and analyzable. In real-time systems, to predict the timing constraints of applications, we need to solve the priority inversion problem using the priority inheritance protocol. This requires a real-time server model that would provide us with better preemptability without affecting the overhead of the real-time system. However, the traditional real-time server model is not able to solve the trade-off between the high preemptability and the low overhead of the real-time system. We propose an associative prioritized worker model as a new real-time server model that solves the problems mentioned. Our approach enables us to build operating system servers and to decompose applications into several tasks without the priority inversion problem.","PeriodicalId":186028,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings First International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC '98)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134131522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.1998.666816
Taehyung Wang, P. Sheu, C. Cotman
BioCompose is an object-relational database query tool that runs on top of any relational database and provides an intelligent and complete object-relational interface to the user. Unlike the traditional approach, which is completely table driven, queries in BioCompose are structured along the lines of natural language and sentences. In BioCompose, the database server continuously monitors the triggers and integrity constraints which are expressed as logical rules and are evaluated based on incoming events which include real time events, value events, transaction events, abstract events, and message events. The paper presents a novel approach that compiles triggers and integrity constraints into an asynchronous network to minimize the rule evaluation effort under different kinds of events.
{"title":"Active rule processing in the BioCompose database","authors":"Taehyung Wang, P. Sheu, C. Cotman","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.1998.666816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.1998.666816","url":null,"abstract":"BioCompose is an object-relational database query tool that runs on top of any relational database and provides an intelligent and complete object-relational interface to the user. Unlike the traditional approach, which is completely table driven, queries in BioCompose are structured along the lines of natural language and sentences. In BioCompose, the database server continuously monitors the triggers and integrity constraints which are expressed as logical rules and are evaluated based on incoming events which include real time events, value events, transaction events, abstract events, and message events. The paper presents a novel approach that compiles triggers and integrity constraints into an asynchronous network to minimize the rule evaluation effort under different kinds of events.","PeriodicalId":186028,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings First International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC '98)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132157849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.1998.666791
Jean-Marc Zeippen, E. Dubois, Philippe Du Bois
Formal methods are being advocated for the design of complex software systems, like real-time and distributed systems: they provide clear semantics and allow (possibly automated) calculations to deduce properties from a system description. In practice, especially for requirements specification languages, formally analysing such descriptions may not be easily achievable. We sketch a toolset for assisting the analyst in his/her task of analysing a requirements specification. The basic idea of the approach is to provide automated and intuitive support for exploring the specifications and gaining an initial understanding of them before it is possible to reason formally about them (if it really pays-off as, in the exploration process, errors may already be uncovered).
{"title":"Supporting the analyst when reasoning on requirements specifications for real-time and distributed systems","authors":"Jean-Marc Zeippen, E. Dubois, Philippe Du Bois","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.1998.666791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.1998.666791","url":null,"abstract":"Formal methods are being advocated for the design of complex software systems, like real-time and distributed systems: they provide clear semantics and allow (possibly automated) calculations to deduce properties from a system description. In practice, especially for requirements specification languages, formally analysing such descriptions may not be easily achievable. We sketch a toolset for assisting the analyst in his/her task of analysing a requirements specification. The basic idea of the approach is to provide automated and intuitive support for exploring the specifications and gaining an initial understanding of them before it is possible to reason formally about them (if it really pays-off as, in the exploration process, errors may already be uncovered).","PeriodicalId":186028,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings First International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC '98)","volume":"126 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132782810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.1998.666811
S. Nagano, Y. Kakuda, T. Kikuno
The responsiveness verification of a given communication protocol is to check whether the given protocol can recover from any abnormal state to a normal state within a permissible time or not. In order to make practical discussions, we assume that the lower and upper bounds of execution time are given for each message transfer and event. We propose a new responsiveness verification method which executes several events concurrently based on residual times of events, and develop a simulator which implements the proposed method. Then we present an experience which applies the simulator to the design of an actual connection establishment protocol for a certain plant control system. The system adopts the client server model and real time constraints exist on connection establishments. In the experience, we first specify the protocol straightforwardly. Then we apply the simulator to the specification and detect design faults against responsiveness. Next, we revise the specification successfully based on the state sequences generated by the simulator. The results of the experience conclude that the proposed method is effective for the case study.
{"title":"Experience of responsiveness verification for connection establishment protocols","authors":"S. Nagano, Y. Kakuda, T. Kikuno","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.1998.666811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.1998.666811","url":null,"abstract":"The responsiveness verification of a given communication protocol is to check whether the given protocol can recover from any abnormal state to a normal state within a permissible time or not. In order to make practical discussions, we assume that the lower and upper bounds of execution time are given for each message transfer and event. We propose a new responsiveness verification method which executes several events concurrently based on residual times of events, and develop a simulator which implements the proposed method. Then we present an experience which applies the simulator to the design of an actual connection establishment protocol for a certain plant control system. The system adopts the client server model and real time constraints exist on connection establishments. In the experience, we first specify the protocol straightforwardly. Then we apply the simulator to the specification and detect design faults against responsiveness. Next, we revise the specification successfully based on the state sequences generated by the simulator. The results of the experience conclude that the proposed method is effective for the case study.","PeriodicalId":186028,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings First International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC '98)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128258105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.1998.666786
F. Travostino, L. Feeney, P. Bernadat, F. Reynolds
We consider a real-time, distributed service to be dependable if it continues to have timely, predictable behavior even in the presence of partial failures. Services with this property are desirable in a host of real-time scenarios, including factory floor automation, medical monitoring equipment, and combat systems. Most distributed services built with contemporary fault-tolerance toolkits are not dependable; they exhibit unpredictable, albeit logically correct, behavioral patterns under failure conditions. We have designed and implemented middleware explicitly for real-time dependable services. We aimed at maintaining sub-second worst-case guarantees for failure detection and recovery, even when failures conspire with network load and CPU load to undermine determinism. The paper reports our experience in marrying software fault tolerance and real-time disciplines, from the definition of the requirements to the characterization of the resulting system.
{"title":"Building middleware for real-time dependable distributed services","authors":"F. Travostino, L. Feeney, P. Bernadat, F. Reynolds","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.1998.666786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.1998.666786","url":null,"abstract":"We consider a real-time, distributed service to be dependable if it continues to have timely, predictable behavior even in the presence of partial failures. Services with this property are desirable in a host of real-time scenarios, including factory floor automation, medical monitoring equipment, and combat systems. Most distributed services built with contemporary fault-tolerance toolkits are not dependable; they exhibit unpredictable, albeit logically correct, behavioral patterns under failure conditions. We have designed and implemented middleware explicitly for real-time dependable services. We aimed at maintaining sub-second worst-case guarantees for failure detection and recovery, even when failures conspire with network load and CPU load to undermine determinism. The paper reports our experience in marrying software fault tolerance and real-time disciplines, from the definition of the requirements to the characterization of the resulting system.","PeriodicalId":186028,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings First International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC '98)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123060853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.1998.666821
B. Selić
One of the primary features of almost all physically distributed software is that it has to deal with the unpredictable nature and complexity of the physical world. For example, it has to detect failures and undertake recovery procedures, it may have to reconfigure itself dynamically, and so on. In effect, all such distributed systems are de facto real time systems. As more and more software systems become distributed, the issue of architecture becomes more critical. A good architecture minimizes complexity and increases the likelihood of run time controllability. It is also key to its ability to undergo evolutionary change. Consequently, the ability to model complex layered architectures in a formal and clear way is also important. The structural modeling concepts originally defined in the ROOM (real time object oriented modeling) language provide an excellent base for this purpose.
{"title":"Using the object paradigm for distributed real-time systems","authors":"B. Selić","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.1998.666821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.1998.666821","url":null,"abstract":"One of the primary features of almost all physically distributed software is that it has to deal with the unpredictable nature and complexity of the physical world. For example, it has to detect failures and undertake recovery procedures, it may have to reconfigure itself dynamically, and so on. In effect, all such distributed systems are de facto real time systems. As more and more software systems become distributed, the issue of architecture becomes more critical. A good architecture minimizes complexity and increases the likelihood of run time controllability. It is also key to its ability to undergo evolutionary change. Consequently, the ability to model complex layered architectures in a formal and clear way is also important. The structural modeling concepts originally defined in the ROOM (real time object oriented modeling) language provide an excellent base for this purpose.","PeriodicalId":186028,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings First International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC '98)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132421231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.1998.666778
L. George, P. Minet
We investigate the problem of guaranteed end-to-end response times for video/audio broadcast systems. A flow is sent by a video/audio source and recorded by video servers for local clients. Because of transmission delay variability, the video/audio flows suffer release jitter. This end-to-end guarantee is based on an admission control run only by the nodes belonging to the path of the requesting flow. The requesting flow is accepted only if it does not endanger the guarantees already granted. All nodes use a non-preemptive non-idling scheduling: video/audio servers use earliest deadline first (EDF) and other nodes use fixed priority/highest priority first (FP/HPF).
{"title":"An admission control for video broadcast systems","authors":"L. George, P. Minet","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.1998.666778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.1998.666778","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the problem of guaranteed end-to-end response times for video/audio broadcast systems. A flow is sent by a video/audio source and recorded by video servers for local clients. Because of transmission delay variability, the video/audio flows suffer release jitter. This end-to-end guarantee is based on an admission control run only by the nodes belonging to the path of the requesting flow. The requesting flow is accepted only if it does not endanger the guarantees already granted. All nodes use a non-preemptive non-idling scheduling: video/audio servers use earliest deadline first (EDF) and other nodes use fixed priority/highest priority first (FP/HPF).","PeriodicalId":186028,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings First International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC '98)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122908890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.1998.666799
C. Keum, Joon-Kyung Lee, DongGill Lee, Byung-Sun Lee
This paper describes an integrated environment based on the object oriented methodology for real-time systems. The object oriented methodology is composed of six phases: requirements analysis, system analysis, system design, object design, implementation and testing. The OMT object model and use case model are used in the analysis phase, SDL-92 in the design phase and CHILL-96 in the implementation phase. To provide proper object oriented development support an integrated environment has been developed. This integrated environment provides seamless tool support from analysis to testing. Finally, experimental object oriented PABX is evaluated for the feasibility study.
{"title":"Integrated environment based on object-oriented methodology for real-time systems","authors":"C. Keum, Joon-Kyung Lee, DongGill Lee, Byung-Sun Lee","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.1998.666799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.1998.666799","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an integrated environment based on the object oriented methodology for real-time systems. The object oriented methodology is composed of six phases: requirements analysis, system analysis, system design, object design, implementation and testing. The OMT object model and use case model are used in the analysis phase, SDL-92 in the design phase and CHILL-96 in the implementation phase. To provide proper object oriented development support an integrated environment has been developed. This integrated environment provides seamless tool support from analysis to testing. Finally, experimental object oriented PABX is evaluated for the feasibility study.","PeriodicalId":186028,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings First International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC '98)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123041769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.1998.666817
S. Moody
The paper reports on the issues in design and development of object oriented real time distributed systems using Ada 95. First, one of the general distributed real time problems is introduced as it fits the domain within Boeing. Next, prototype solutions to the distributed capabilities are introduced including the new technologies present in Ada 95 through DSA (Distributed Systems Annex-E) and extended with CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) capabilities. Many issues are addressed with adoption and use of these technologies especially applicable as they relate to custom fine tuned solutions used today to solve real time constraints. As the various distributed solutions provide different strengths, a combination of the capabilities provides an attractive option. A hybrid distributed capability composed of DSA and CORBA has been developed and is discussed as it relates to the seamless introduction with the Ada language. Finally a set of research issues are raised.
{"title":"Distributed object-oriented real-time systems using a hybrid model of Ada 95's built-in distributed capability and emerging real-time CORBA capabilities","authors":"S. Moody","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.1998.666817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.1998.666817","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reports on the issues in design and development of object oriented real time distributed systems using Ada 95. First, one of the general distributed real time problems is introduced as it fits the domain within Boeing. Next, prototype solutions to the distributed capabilities are introduced including the new technologies present in Ada 95 through DSA (Distributed Systems Annex-E) and extended with CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) capabilities. Many issues are addressed with adoption and use of these technologies especially applicable as they relate to custom fine tuned solutions used today to solve real time constraints. As the various distributed solutions provide different strengths, a combination of the capabilities provides an attractive option. A hybrid distributed capability composed of DSA and CORBA has been developed and is discussed as it relates to the seamless introduction with the Ada language. Finally a set of research issues are raised.","PeriodicalId":186028,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings First International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC '98)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124956278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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