Rapid and unpredictable events as we have experienced with the financial crisis or recently with COVID-19 together with macro trends that change societies and businesses over ten years have become recurring themes in the global competitive landscape. The open innovation concept helps firms to reconfigure their resources across company boundaries and in turn, nurtures organisational agility and entrepreneurial flexibility. Collaboration and co-creation are the core elements of a new management mindset to serve specific client demands fast, precisely, and effectively. A long-term study, exploring the impacts of emerging open business models in financial services, found that digital convergence accelerates the disruption of established banking businesses. Based on a literature review, complemented with information from case studies of notable banks, this abstract shows what affects markets and society most and provides insights into a sector that is in transformation. It broadens the understanding of scholars as well as practitioners that acknowledge open innovation to develop opportunities by creating and capturing value in business ecosystems.
{"title":"Open Innovation in the Financial Services - The Magic Bullet","authors":"D. Fasnacht","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3684517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3684517","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid and unpredictable events as we have experienced with the financial crisis or recently with COVID-19 together with macro trends that change societies and businesses over ten years have become recurring themes in the global competitive landscape. The open innovation concept helps firms to reconfigure their resources across company boundaries and in turn, nurtures organisational agility and entrepreneurial flexibility. Collaboration and co-creation are the core elements of a new management mindset to serve specific client demands fast, precisely, and effectively. A long-term study, exploring the impacts of emerging open business models in financial services, found that digital convergence accelerates the disruption of established banking businesses. Based on a literature review, complemented with information from case studies of notable banks, this abstract shows what affects markets and society most and provides insights into a sector that is in transformation. It broadens the understanding of scholars as well as practitioners that acknowledge open innovation to develop opportunities by creating and capturing value in business ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":186074,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Product Development Strategy & Organization (Topic)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128905032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we empirically examine how the strengthened legal protection of novel designs prevents mimicking behaviors and thus enhances the economic value of novel designs and their assignees. We use the decision of the Federal Circuit Court of Appeals in Egyptian Goddess, Inc. v. Swisa, Inc. as an unexpected regulation change that prevented accused infringers from using the “point-of-novelty” test to defend themselves, which enhanced the protection of design patents, especially intricate ones. After this decision, we show that intricate designs are better protected than simple designs and are less mimicked by subsequent designs. Moreover, we show that stock market reactions to grants of intricate design patents are significantly more positive than reactions to grants of simple design patents after this decision. Finally, we show that such positive reactions are more pronounced among firms facing fiercer product market competition and among firms previously involved in design patent litigation.
{"title":"The Value of Legal Protection of Novel Product Designs: Evidence from Egyptian Goddess v. Swisa","authors":"T. Chan, Po-Hsuan Hsu, Kevin Tseng","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3574702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3574702","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we empirically examine how the strengthened legal protection of novel designs prevents mimicking behaviors and thus enhances the economic value of novel designs and their assignees. We use the decision of the Federal Circuit Court of Appeals in Egyptian Goddess, Inc. v. Swisa, Inc. as an unexpected regulation change that prevented accused infringers from using the “point-of-novelty” test to defend themselves, which enhanced the protection of design patents, especially intricate ones. After this decision, we show that intricate designs are better protected than simple designs and are less mimicked by subsequent designs. Moreover, we show that stock market reactions to grants of intricate design patents are significantly more positive than reactions to grants of simple design patents after this decision. Finally, we show that such positive reactions are more pronounced among firms facing fiercer product market competition and among firms previously involved in design patent litigation.","PeriodicalId":186074,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Product Development Strategy & Organization (Topic)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124012588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apple is the multinational brand which offers unique products and services to its consumers. There are many competitors of the business units that gives tough competition to Apple. In such condition it is essential for Apple to make changes in its technologies and provide high quality products to consumers. Current study looks upon the major factors that support Apple in gaining success and making it different from others. This research takes support of SPSS for analyses of data. T- test, Anova, correlation, are used in this study for identifying the major factors that contribute in the success of Apple company.
{"title":"Apple's Key Success Factors in the UK that Could Be Learned and Applied by Other Companies from the Same Industry","authors":"E. Wilson","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3152328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3152328","url":null,"abstract":"Apple is the multinational brand which offers unique products and services to its consumers. There are many competitors of the business units that gives tough competition to Apple. In such condition it is essential for Apple to make changes in its technologies and provide high quality products to consumers. Current study looks upon the major factors that support Apple in gaining success and making it different from others. This research takes support of SPSS for analyses of data. T- test, Anova, correlation, are used in this study for identifying the major factors that contribute in the success of Apple company.","PeriodicalId":186074,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Product Development Strategy & Organization (Topic)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130420448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We investigate the relationship between market concentration and industry innovative effort within a familiar two-stage model of R&D race in which firms compete à la Cournot in the product market. With the help of numerical simulations, we show that such a setting is rich enough to generate Arrovian, Schumpeterian, and inverted U curves. We interpret these different patterns on the basis of the relative strength of the technological incentive and the strategic incentive. We then bridge our theoretical results and some recent empirical research.
{"title":"Innovation and Product Market Concentration: Schumpeter, Arrow and the Inverted-U Shape Curve","authors":"Flavio Delbono, L. Lambertini","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2981677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2981677","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We investigate the relationship between market concentration and industry innovative effort within a familiar two-stage model of R&D race in which firms compete à la Cournot in the product market. With the help of numerical simulations, we show that such a setting is rich enough to generate Arrovian, Schumpeterian, and inverted U curves. We interpret these different patterns on the basis of the relative strength of the technological incentive and the strategic incentive. We then bridge our theoretical results and some recent empirical research.","PeriodicalId":186074,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Product Development Strategy & Organization (Topic)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130826687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is to analyse barriers to eco-innovation in the LED sector and to formulate strategy and policy recommendations to overcome them. It is based on case studies of European LED firms, and uses the multi-level perspective (MLP) to formulate these recommendations. The results are relevant for both LED companies and policy makers. We identified 18 major barriers to LED eco-innovation at regime level that pertain to four categories (LED market, Labour market, Financial market, and Public policies). At niche level, 8 major barriers have been identified pertaining to three categories (Technological resources, Human resources, and Financial resources). The interactions between regime-level barriers on niche-level ones are presented in appendices. Suggestions to overcome these barriers include both demand-pull and policy-push instruments. This paper is the first one to use the MLP to analyse and suggest solutions to overcome barriers to eco-innovation in the LED sector.
{"title":"Barriers to Eco-Innovation in the LED Sector: A Multilevel Perspective","authors":"Cédric Gossart, A. Ozaygen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2875847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2875847","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to analyse barriers to eco-innovation in the LED sector and to formulate strategy and policy recommendations to overcome them. It is based on case studies of European LED firms, and uses the multi-level perspective (MLP) to formulate these recommendations. The results are relevant for both LED companies and policy makers. We identified 18 major barriers to LED eco-innovation at regime level that pertain to four categories (LED market, Labour market, Financial market, and Public policies). At niche level, 8 major barriers have been identified pertaining to three categories (Technological resources, Human resources, and Financial resources). The interactions between regime-level barriers on niche-level ones are presented in appendices. Suggestions to overcome these barriers include both demand-pull and policy-push instruments. This paper is the first one to use the MLP to analyse and suggest solutions to overcome barriers to eco-innovation in the LED sector.","PeriodicalId":186074,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Product Development Strategy & Organization (Topic)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115119554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Probabilistic graphical models successfully combine probability with graph theory and therefore provide applied statisticians with a powerful data mining engine. Graphical models are a good framework for formal analysis, allowing the researcher to obtain a quick overview of the structure of association among variables in a system. This paper is the first attempt to apply high-dimensional graphical models in innovation studies, since the i ncreasing availability of data in the field and the complexity of the underlying processes are calling for new techniques which can handle not only a large amount of observations, but also rich datasets in terms of number and relations among variables. In this context, the process of variables and model selection became more arduous, influenced by biases of the scientist and, in the worst case scenario, subject to scientific malpractices such as the p-hacking behavior. On the contrary, high-dimensional graphical models allow for bottom-up, hypotheses free, data-driven, and see-through approach.
{"title":"An Application of Graphical Models to the Innobarometer Survey: A Map of Firms’ Innovative Behaviour","authors":"C. Carota, A. Durio, M. Guerzoni","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2541625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2541625","url":null,"abstract":"Probabilistic graphical models successfully combine probability with graph theory and therefore provide applied statisticians with a powerful data mining engine. Graphical models are a good framework for formal analysis, allowing the researcher to obtain a quick overview of the structure of association among variables in a system. This paper is the first attempt to apply high-dimensional graphical models in innovation studies, since the i ncreasing availability of data in the field and the complexity of the underlying processes are calling for new techniques which can handle not only a large amount of observations, but also rich datasets in terms of number and relations among variables. In this context, the process of variables and model selection became more arduous, influenced by biases of the scientist and, in the worst case scenario, subject to scientific malpractices such as the p-hacking behavior. On the contrary, high-dimensional graphical models allow for bottom-up, hypotheses free, data-driven, and see-through approach.","PeriodicalId":186074,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Product Development Strategy & Organization (Topic)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132839042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Relying on the institutional theory, a conceptual framework is developed, which hypothesises that institutional features are creating an environment that significantly influences energy-efficient innovation (EEI) activities at a firm level. Economic, regulatory and social features are argued to support firms, but also exert pressures on them to introduce EEI. Furthermore, the analysis is extended to study how the institutional context is moderated by one of the most prominent features of a firm, i.e. its size. In this way, we contribute both to the literature examining the role of the institutional context in shaping economic activities, and the scientific and policy discourse on energy-efficiency in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and large incumbent enterprises (LEs). The developed hypotheses are tested in a cross-country setting, using a cross-sectional sample of 9 European countries based on Community Innovation Survey (CIS) microdata, complemented with country-level information from various sources. The achieved results support the main hypothesis that institutional characteristics foster EEI. Moreover, different institutional dimensions are found to be working differently depending on the firm size. Compared to LEs, SMEs are found to be more sensitive to regulatory rather than economic and social institutional characteristics. We offer several interpretations for these somewhat controversial and thought-provoking results. Based on these, we propose implications for policy interventions that could enhance the quality of energy-efficient innovation activities, as well as insightful findings to managers of both small and large corporations.
{"title":"Institutional Context and Energy-Efficient Innovation: Are SMEs Flying Under the Radar?","authors":"Boris Mrkajic, L. Grilli, P. Garrone","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2527940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2527940","url":null,"abstract":"Relying on the institutional theory, a conceptual framework is developed, which hypothesises that institutional features are creating an environment that significantly influences energy-efficient innovation (EEI) activities at a firm level. Economic, regulatory and social features are argued to support firms, but also exert pressures on them to introduce EEI. Furthermore, the analysis is extended to study how the institutional context is moderated by one of the most prominent features of a firm, i.e. its size. In this way, we contribute both to the literature examining the role of the institutional context in shaping economic activities, and the scientific and policy discourse on energy-efficiency in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and large incumbent enterprises (LEs). The developed hypotheses are tested in a cross-country setting, using a cross-sectional sample of 9 European countries based on Community Innovation Survey (CIS) microdata, complemented with country-level information from various sources. The achieved results support the main hypothesis that institutional characteristics foster EEI. Moreover, different institutional dimensions are found to be working differently depending on the firm size. Compared to LEs, SMEs are found to be more sensitive to regulatory rather than economic and social institutional characteristics. We offer several interpretations for these somewhat controversial and thought-provoking results. Based on these, we propose implications for policy interventions that could enhance the quality of energy-efficient innovation activities, as well as insightful findings to managers of both small and large corporations.","PeriodicalId":186074,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Product Development Strategy & Organization (Topic)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114820839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Russian Abstract: Излагаются основные положения методологии разработки стратегии оптимального управления продуктовыми инновациями в условиях изменения потребительских предпочтений. Методология и поддерживающие ее инструментальные средства развивают теорию когнитивного менеджмента. Применение методологии проиллюстрировано на модельном примере стратегического управления продуктовыми инновациями, используемыми для охраны объектов федерального собственника, контролирующего доминирующий сегмент рынка, на период до 2025 г. при изменении срока применения, времени закупок и требований к продуктовым инновациям.English Abstract: Substantive provisions of methodology of working out of strategic optimum control by product innovations on long prospect in the conditions of change of consumer preferences are stated. The methodology and tool means supporting it develop the innovative strategy of theories of management. Methodology use is illustrated on a modeling example of strategic management by the product innovations used for protection of objects of the federal proprietor, the market supervising a dominating segment, for the period till 2025 at change of term of application, time of purchases and requirements to product innovations.
{"title":"Стратегическое Оптимальное Управление Продуктовыми Инновациями На Длительную Перспективу в Условиях Изменения Потребительских Предпочтений и Требований (Strategic Optimum Control Product Innovations on the Long to Prospect in the Conditions of Change of Consumer Preferences and Requirements)","authors":"Yurii Ustyugov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2830369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2830369","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: Излагаются основные положения методологии разработки стратегии оптимального управления продуктовыми инновациями в условиях изменения потребительских предпочтений. Методология и поддерживающие ее инструментальные средства развивают теорию когнитивного менеджмента. Применение методологии проиллюстрировано на модельном примере стратегического управления продуктовыми инновациями, используемыми для охраны объектов федерального собственника, контролирующего доминирующий сегмент рынка, на период до 2025 г. при изменении срока применения, времени закупок и требований к продуктовым инновациям.English Abstract: Substantive provisions of methodology of working out of strategic optimum control by product innovations on long prospect in the conditions of change of consumer preferences are stated. The methodology and tool means supporting it develop the innovative strategy of theories of management. Methodology use is illustrated on a modeling example of strategic management by the product innovations used for protection of objects of the federal proprietor, the market supervising a dominating segment, for the period till 2025 at change of term of application, time of purchases and requirements to product innovations.","PeriodicalId":186074,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Product Development Strategy & Organization (Topic)","volume":"30 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114026602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BPO and enterprise-software vendors need to manage enormous IT-implementation risks arising from their outsourcing contracts. They want to hit the IT-implementation trifecta: (i) finish on time; (ii) deliver under budget; and (iii) contribute spare cash to troubled IG projects. This payoff looks as good as the ones at the racetrack. But, how can the vendor stack the odds in its favor?The answer lies in applying proven risk-management and portfolio-underwriting techniques from other fields.Note -- This article arises from the entirely private research activities of the author and does not reflect the views of author's employers, past or present, nor any other organizations with which the author is or has been affiliated.
{"title":"Hitting the IT-Implementation Trifecta","authors":"Robert Zafft","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2243314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2243314","url":null,"abstract":"BPO and enterprise-software vendors need to manage enormous IT-implementation risks arising from their outsourcing contracts. They want to hit the IT-implementation trifecta: (i) finish on time; (ii) deliver under budget; and (iii) contribute spare cash to troubled IG projects. This payoff looks as good as the ones at the racetrack. But, how can the vendor stack the odds in its favor?The answer lies in applying proven risk-management and portfolio-underwriting techniques from other fields.Note -- This article arises from the entirely private research activities of the author and does not reflect the views of author's employers, past or present, nor any other organizations with which the author is or has been affiliated.","PeriodicalId":186074,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Product Development Strategy & Organization (Topic)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115150141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this research is to define and craft a “Path Finder Strategy” adopted by different firms, upon entrance into different markets with differentiated products, and rightly after, negotiate! This paper covers an in-depth knowledge relating to devising a strategic ‘radar zone’ and assessing whether a business is product driven, market driven or customer driven. Innovation is critical for securing firm’s future. Towards making it competitive, ensuring coexistence, appropriate time and energy ought to be devoted. The tenacity of their purpose and the capability to mitigate risk in a wide business spectrum is significant. How do firms’ determine the timeline during which the ‘core of business’ needs a fundamental but peculiar refurbishing? How do firms determine the nature and kind of the new ‘core’? Hidden potentials shall emerge as the centrepiece for the new strategy, determining the level to which the firm is successful in finding its next core area of business. The imperative of the research work is to attempt in exploring how different firms orient different strategies, while crafting a Path Finder Strategy. It shall also address the issue of differentiating the firm from being successful as compared to a not so successful firm.
{"title":"Path Finder Strategy Radar","authors":"M. Joshi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2157366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2157366","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research is to define and craft a “Path Finder Strategy” adopted by different firms, upon entrance into different markets with differentiated products, and rightly after, negotiate! This paper covers an in-depth knowledge relating to devising a strategic ‘radar zone’ and assessing whether a business is product driven, market driven or customer driven. Innovation is critical for securing firm’s future. Towards making it competitive, ensuring coexistence, appropriate time and energy ought to be devoted. The tenacity of their purpose and the capability to mitigate risk in a wide business spectrum is significant. How do firms’ determine the timeline during which the ‘core of business’ needs a fundamental but peculiar refurbishing? How do firms determine the nature and kind of the new ‘core’? Hidden potentials shall emerge as the centrepiece for the new strategy, determining the level to which the firm is successful in finding its next core area of business. The imperative of the research work is to attempt in exploring how different firms orient different strategies, while crafting a Path Finder Strategy. It shall also address the issue of differentiating the firm from being successful as compared to a not so successful firm.","PeriodicalId":186074,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Product Development Strategy & Organization (Topic)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124139699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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