Pub Date : 2024-05-22DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00946-9
Katrina Ray
{"title":"Sex and ethnic disparities persist in hepatitis B management","authors":"Katrina Ray","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-00946-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41575-024-00946-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"21 7","pages":"462-462"},"PeriodicalIF":45.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141082146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-19DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00932-1
Daniel R. Dickstein, Collin R. Edwards, Catherine R. Rowan, Bella Avanessian, Barbara M. Chubak, Christopher W. Wheldon, Priya K. Simoes, Michael H. Buckstein, Laurie A. Keefer, Joshua D. Safer, Keith Sigel, Karyn A. Goodman, B. R. Simon Rosser, Stephen E. Goldstone, Serre-Yu Wong, Deborah C. Marshall
The ability to experience pleasurable sexual activity is important for human health. Receptive anal intercourse (RAI) is a common, though frequently stigmatized, pleasurable sexual activity. Little is known about how diseases of the colon, rectum, and anus and their treatments affect RAI. Engaging in RAI with gastrointestinal disease can be difficult due to the unpredictability of symptoms and treatment-related toxic effects. Patients might experience sphincter hypertonicity, gastrointestinal symptom-specific anxiety, altered pelvic blood flow from structural disorders, decreased sensation from cancer-directed therapies or body image issues from stoma creation. These can result in problematic RAI — encompassing anodyspareunia (painful RAI), arousal dysfunction, orgasm dysfunction and decreased sexual desire. Therapeutic strategies for problematic RAI in patients living with gastrointestinal diseases and/or treatment-related dysfunction include pelvic floor muscle strengthening and stretching, psychological interventions, and restorative devices. Providing health-care professionals with a framework to discuss pleasurable RAI and diagnose problematic RAI can help improve patient outcomes. Normalizing RAI, affirming pleasure from RAI and acknowledging that the gastrointestinal system is involved in sexual pleasure, sexual function and sexual health will help transform the scientific paradigm of sexual health to one that is more just and equitable. Receptive anal intercourse (RAI) is an important consideration in gastrointestinal disorders and cancers. This Review discusses the anorectum as a sexual organ, providing an overview of pleasurable and problematic RAI and how gastrointestinal disease itself and associated treatments (such as surgery) can affect RAI. Strategies to manage problematic RAI to improve sexual health are also described.
体验愉悦性活动的能力对人类健康非常重要。接受性肛交（RAI）是一种常见的愉悦性活动，尽管经常被人鄙视。人们对结肠、直肠和肛门疾病及其治疗对肛交的影响知之甚少。由于症状和治疗相关毒性反应的不可预测性，患有胃肠道疾病的患者很难进行 RAI。患者可能会出现括约肌张力过高、胃肠道症状特有的焦虑、结构性疾病导致的骨盆血流改变、癌症导向疗法导致的感觉减退或造口术导致的身体形象问题。这些都可能导致 RAI 问题--包括无性交痛（RAI 疼痛）、性唤起功能障碍、性高潮功能障碍和性欲减退。针对患有胃肠道疾病和/或与治疗相关的功能障碍的患者的 RAI 问题，治疗策略包括骨盆底肌肉强化和拉伸、心理干预和恢复装置。为医护人员提供一个讨论愉悦性 RAI 和诊断有问题 RAI 的框架，有助于改善患者的治疗效果。将 RAI 正常化、肯定 RAI 带来的快感并承认胃肠道系统与性快感、性功能和性健康有关，将有助于将性健康的科学范式转变为更加公正和公平的范式。
{"title":"Pleasurable and problematic receptive anal intercourse and diseases of the colon, rectum and anus","authors":"Daniel R. Dickstein, Collin R. Edwards, Catherine R. Rowan, Bella Avanessian, Barbara M. Chubak, Christopher W. Wheldon, Priya K. Simoes, Michael H. Buckstein, Laurie A. Keefer, Joshua D. Safer, Keith Sigel, Karyn A. Goodman, B. R. Simon Rosser, Stephen E. Goldstone, Serre-Yu Wong, Deborah C. Marshall","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-00932-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41575-024-00932-1","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to experience pleasurable sexual activity is important for human health. Receptive anal intercourse (RAI) is a common, though frequently stigmatized, pleasurable sexual activity. Little is known about how diseases of the colon, rectum, and anus and their treatments affect RAI. Engaging in RAI with gastrointestinal disease can be difficult due to the unpredictability of symptoms and treatment-related toxic effects. Patients might experience sphincter hypertonicity, gastrointestinal symptom-specific anxiety, altered pelvic blood flow from structural disorders, decreased sensation from cancer-directed therapies or body image issues from stoma creation. These can result in problematic RAI — encompassing anodyspareunia (painful RAI), arousal dysfunction, orgasm dysfunction and decreased sexual desire. Therapeutic strategies for problematic RAI in patients living with gastrointestinal diseases and/or treatment-related dysfunction include pelvic floor muscle strengthening and stretching, psychological interventions, and restorative devices. Providing health-care professionals with a framework to discuss pleasurable RAI and diagnose problematic RAI can help improve patient outcomes. Normalizing RAI, affirming pleasure from RAI and acknowledging that the gastrointestinal system is involved in sexual pleasure, sexual function and sexual health will help transform the scientific paradigm of sexual health to one that is more just and equitable. Receptive anal intercourse (RAI) is an important consideration in gastrointestinal disorders and cancers. This Review discusses the anorectum as a sexual organ, providing an overview of pleasurable and problematic RAI and how gastrointestinal disease itself and associated treatments (such as surgery) can affect RAI. Strategies to manage problematic RAI to improve sexual health are also described.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"21 6","pages":"377-405"},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41575-024-00932-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00941-0
Jordan Hindson
{"title":"Multi-omic links between gut microbiome and cardiovascular disease","authors":"Jordan Hindson","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-00941-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41575-024-00941-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"21 6","pages":"376-376"},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140919744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00931-2
Parsa S. Haque, Neeraj Kapur, Terrence A. Barrett, Arianne L. Theiss
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that function in cellular energy metabolism, intracellular and extracellular signalling, cellular fate and stress responses. Mitochondria of the intestinal epithelium, the cellular interface between self and enteric microbiota, have emerged as crucial in intestinal health. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer. In this Review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of intestinal epithelial cell mitochondrial metabolism, function and signalling to affect tissue homeostasis, including gut microbiota composition. We also discuss mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics for inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer and the evolving concept of mitochondrial impairment as a consequence versus initiator of the disease. Mitochondria of the intestinal epithelium are vital in intestinal health and disease. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of intestinal epithelial cell mitochondrial dysfunction in inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer and discusses mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics for these diseases.
{"title":"Mitochondrial function and gastrointestinal diseases","authors":"Parsa S. Haque, Neeraj Kapur, Terrence A. Barrett, Arianne L. Theiss","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-00931-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41575-024-00931-2","url":null,"abstract":"Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that function in cellular energy metabolism, intracellular and extracellular signalling, cellular fate and stress responses. Mitochondria of the intestinal epithelium, the cellular interface between self and enteric microbiota, have emerged as crucial in intestinal health. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer. In this Review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of intestinal epithelial cell mitochondrial metabolism, function and signalling to affect tissue homeostasis, including gut microbiota composition. We also discuss mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics for inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer and the evolving concept of mitochondrial impairment as a consequence versus initiator of the disease. Mitochondria of the intestinal epithelium are vital in intestinal health and disease. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of intestinal epithelial cell mitochondrial dysfunction in inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer and discusses mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics for these diseases.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"21 8","pages":"537-555"},"PeriodicalIF":45.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140915142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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