National health statistics reports最新文献

Objective: This report describes care received at health centers in the United States in 2022. Estimates are presented for selected characteristics.

Methods: The data presented in this report are from the 2022 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey Health Center Component. Data were collected from federally qualified health centers and federally qualified health center look-alikes and weighted to produce nationally representative estimates of visits to health centers from all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia.

Results: During 2022, an estimated 89.5 million visits were made by adults to health centers in the United States, an overall rate of 349.4 visits per 1,000 adults. The visit rate among women was higher than for men. Differences in visit rates by age were not significant. Adults who were not married accounted for 48.2% of visits, and adults who were married accounted for 37.6% of visits. More than one-half of health center visits were disease-related (61.4%). Symptoms-related diagnoses accounted for 22.0% of visits. Screenings (12.6%) and examinations (10.2%) were also frequent reasons for health center visits. Social determinants of health were listed as a reason for the visit at 2.0% of health center visits. Endocrine diseases represented the most frequently mentioned disease category (29.1%), overall and among adults age 45 and older. Mental disorders represented the most common disease category among adults ages 18-44.

Conclusions: Women visited health centers at a higher rate than men. In addition, patient and visit characteristics, including marital status and diagnoses, differed by age.

Objective: This report examines telemedicine use by office-based physicians and long-term care providers in the United States, stratified by electronic health record use and by provider or practice size. Further, it examines differences in telemedicine use before and after the COVID-19 pandemic onset among office-based physicians and assesses telemedicine use during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic for long-term care providers.

Methods: Nationally representative estimates in this report are derived from data collected in the 2019 and 2021 National Electronic Health Records Survey, which assesses characteristics of office-based physicians, and the 2020 National Post-acute and Long-term Care Study, which assesses characteristics of adult day services centers and residential care communities. Measures include telemedicine using audio with video or web videoconference for patient care, electronic health record use for more than accounting or billing purposes, and size of physician practices and long-term care providers.

Results: In 2021, 80.5% of physicians in office-based settings used telemedicine for patient care, up from 16.0% in 2019. In 2020, 20.5% of adult day services centers and 44.5% of residential care communities used telemedicine to care for users with COVID-19. Office-based physicians, adult day services centers, and residential care communities that used electronic health record systems were more likely to also use telemedicine compared with those not using electronic health records. Large practices and providers were more likely to use telemedicine compared with small practices and providers.

Conclusion: Findings from this report describe telemedicine use among office-based physicians and long-term care providers. Practices and providers that used electronic health records and were larger were more likely to also use telemedicine for patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: This report provides a comprehensive look at prescription medication use, prescription drug coverage, and cost-related nonadherence among adults age 65 and older (older adults).

Methods: Data from the 2021-2022 National Health Interview Survey were used to report prescription medication use in the past 12 months, prescription drug coverage at the time of interview, and cost-related nonadherence in the past 12 months among older adults. Two types of cost-related nonadherence are reported: 1) not getting needed prescription medication due to cost; and 2) not taking medication as prescribed due to cost (skipping doses, delaying filling a prescription, and taking less medication than prescribed) in the past 12 months. All estimates are presented by sex, age group, race and Hispanic origin, family income, food insecurity, urbanization, education, marital status, health insurance coverage, health status, disability status, and number of chronic conditions.

Results: In 2021-2022, 88.6% of older adults took prescription medication, 82.7% had prescription drug coverage, 3.6% did not get needed prescription medication due to cost, and 3.4% did not take medication as prescribed due to cost. Older adults with no prescription drug coverage were more likely to not get prescription medication and to not take needed medication as prescribed than older adults with private or public prescription drug coverage. For both measures, cost-related nonadherence was six times higher among older adults who were food insecure compared with those who were food secure, and more than twice as likely among older adults reporting fair or poor health or with disabilities compared with those in excellent, very good, or good health, or without disabilities.

Objective: This report presents national results from the National Post-acute and Long-term Care Study to describe providers and services users in seven major settings of paid, regulated post-acute and long-term care services in the United States.

Methods: Data are from the 2020 National Post-acute and Long-term Care Study, which includes surveys of adult day services centers and residential care communities and administrative data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services on home health agencies, hospices, inpatient rehabilitation facilities, long-term care hospitals, and nursing homes.

Results: The findings show variation in characteristics of the seven post-acute and long-term care settings. About 68,150 providers served roughly 7.3 million people in the United States; about one-half of these providers were residential care communities, and about one-quarter were nursing homes. The Northeast had a higher percentage of adult day services centers than other settings, the Midwest had a higher percentage of nursing homes, the South had a higher percentage of long-term care hospitals, and the West had a higher percentage of residential care communities. Among the settings, more registered nurses were employed in inpatient rehabilitation facilities and long-term care hospitals, and more licensed practical nurses in home health agencies and long-term care hospitals. The most common services were skilled nursing and therapeutic services. Adult day services centers had the highest percentage of users younger than age 65, while nearly one-half of hospice and nursing home users were age 85 and older. Adult day services centers had the highest percentage of other non-Hispanic and Hispanic users among the settings. The percentage of users with selected diagnoses and activities of daily living difficulties varied by setting.

Conclusion: The providers described in this report comprise a large share of the U.S. post-acute and long-term care industry. This report provides the most recent nationally representative information on these providers and services users and updates findings from previous National Center for Health Statistics reports.

Objective: Nonfinancial access barriers to care describe various reasons why adults may delay or not get medical care, beyond cost. This report focuses on five access barriers to care and describes the percentage of U.S. adults who delayed or did not get medical care in the past 12 months because of 1) being too busy with work or other commitments; 2) an appointment not being available when needed; 3) not being able to get to the doctor's office or clinic when open; 4) difficulty finding a doctor, clinic, or hospital that would accept their health insurance; and 5) it taking too long to get to the doctor's office or clinic from their house or work.

Methods: Data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey were used to produce estimates of the percentage of adults who delayed or did not get medical care in the past 12 months because of those access barriers to care, overall and by selected sociodemographic characteristics.

Results: Among U.S. adults in 2022, 12.5% delayed or did not get medical care in the past 12 months because they were too busy to go to a provider, 10.6% could not find an available appointment when needed, 4.6% were unable to get to a provider when open, 4.4% had difficulty finding a doctor compatible with their health insurance, and 2.4% responded that it takes too long to get to a provider. Percentages varied by sociodemographic characteristics.

Conclusion: This study provides nationally representative estimates of selected nonfinancial access barriers to medical care, both overall and for selected sociodemographic groups. Findings suggest that nonfinancial access barriers to care are widespread in the United States, and ongoing monitoring may help to address inequities in access to care.

Objective: This report uses data from the National Health Interview Survey and National Health Interview Survey-Teen to estimate the prevalence of self-reported social and emotional support among teenagers ages 12-17 years, describe differences in health and well-being outcomes by level of support received, and compare teen- and parent-reported estimates for social and emotional support overall and by selected teen and family characteristics.

Methods: The percentage of teenagers who self-reported always or usually receiving social and emotional support by selected demographic characteristics, and potential differences in health outcomes by level of support, were estimated using data from the National Health Interview Survey-Teen collected from July 2021 through December 2022. In addition, data from the same time period from the National Health Interview Survey were used to compare parent-reported estimates of their teenager's social and emotional supports with the teenager's self-reported estimates.

Results: In 2021-2022, 58.5% of teenagers reported always or usually receiving the social and emotional support they needed. Differences were seen by several demographic characteristics including sex, race and Hispanic origin, sexual or gender minority status, highest parental education level, and family income level. Teenagers who always or usually received support were less likely to report poor or fair health, anxiety or depression symptoms, very low life satisfaction, and poor sleep quality. Parents consistently reported higher perceived levels of their teenager's social and emotional support compared with the teenager's self-report.

Objectives-This report describes emergency department (ED) visits by homeless status and sex. Methods-Nationally representative estimates were calculated from data collected in the 2016-2021 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, an annual national probability sample survey of ED visits in the United States. Visits by people experiencing homelessness were defined using data on patient residence from medical records. Visits by males and females experiencing homelessness are compared with each other and with visits by males and females not experiencing homelessness. Results-During 2016-2021, approximately 981,000 and 460,000 ED visits were made annually by males and females experiencing homelessness, respectively. Significant differences by sex were found for this population for many ED visit characteristics, including arrival by ambulance, diagnoses, and chronic conditions. ED visits by males and females experiencing homelessness also differed significantly from ED visits by males and females not experiencing homelessness based on age, geographic region, expected source of payment, primary diagnosis, chronic conditions, and other characteristics. Conclusion-This report highlights certain differences by sex among the population experiencing homelessness who visited the ED and compares them with people who visited the ED but were not experiencing homelessness.

Objectives-This report examines changes in telemedicine use among U.S. adults between 2021 and 2022 by selected sociodemographic and geographic characteristics. Methods-Data from the 2021 and 2022 National Health Interview Survey were used to assess changes between these 2 years in the percentage of adults who used telemedicine in the previous 12 months, by sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, family income, education, region of residence, urbanization level, and health insurance coverage. Results-Overall, the percentage of adults who used telemedicine in the past 12 months decreased from 37.0% in 2021 to 30.1% in 2022. This pattern was observed across several sociodemographic and geographic characteristics, such as sex, family income, education, region, and urbanization level. Women, adults with a college degree or higher, and adults living in more urban areas were all more likely to use telemedicine in 2022. In 2021 and 2022, uninsured adults ages 18-64 were less likely to use telemedicine compared with those who had private or public insurance, while adults age 65 and older who had Medicare only were less likely to use telemedicine compared with those with other types of insurance. However, for both age groups, telemedicine use decreased from 2021 to 2022 for all insurance types except public coverage for adults ages 18-64. Summary-National Health Interview Survey data may be used to monitor national trends and understand patterns of telemedicine use by sociodemographic and geographic characteristics as the transition forward from the global COVID-19 pandemic continues.

Objectives-This report presents estimates of diagnosed dementia in the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population age 65 and older by selected sociodemographic characteristics. Methods-Data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey were used to estimate the percentage of noninstitutionalized older adults with a dementia diagnosis. Information was self-reported unless a knowledgeable proxy responded to questions when the respondent was physically or mentally unable to answer. Prevalence of diagnosed dementia among older adults is presented by age, sex, race and Hispanic origin, veteran status, education, family income as a percentage of the federal poverty level, urbanization, and region. Estimates of dementia reporting by proxy respondent status and interview mode also are presented. Results-In 2022, 4.0% of adults age 65 and older reported ever having received a dementia diagnosis. The percentage of adults with a dementia diagnosis was similar for men (3.8%) and women (4.2%). The percentage of adults with a dementia diagnosis increased with age, from 1.7% in those ages 65-74 to 13.1% in those age 85 and older, and decreased with rising education level, from 7.9% in adults age 65 and older with less than a high school diploma to 2.2% in those with a college degree or higher. Overall levels of older adults with a dementia diagnosis did not vary significantly by mode of interview (telephone or in person).

Objectives-Using National Survey of Family Growth data from 2015-2019, this report presents updated national estimates of infertility in U.S. women and men and estimates of impaired fecundity (physical ability to have children) in U.S. women. Detailed demographic breakdowns are also presented, and overall estimates for 2015-2019 are compared with those for 2011-2015. Methods-Data for this report come primarily from the 2015-2019 National Survey of Family Growth, which consisted of 21,441 interviews with men and women ages 15-49, conducted from September 2015 through September 2019. The response rate was 65.9% for women and 62.4% for men. Results-The percentage of women ages 15-44 who had impaired fecundity did not change between 2011-2015 and 2015-2019. The percentage of married women with impaired fecundity also remained stable over this time period. Among all women, 13.4% of women ages 15-49 and 15.4% of women ages 25-49 had impaired fecundity in 2015-2019. The percentage of married women ages 15-44 who were infertile rose from 2011-2015 (6.7%) to 2015-2019 (8.7%). Among married and cohabiting women ages 15-49 in 2015-2019, 7.8% had infertility. Both infertility and impaired fecundity were associated with age for nulliparous (never had a live birth) women after adjusting for other factors. Some form of infertility (either subfertility or nonsurgical sterility) was seen in 11.4% of men ages 15-49 and 12.8% of men ages 25-49 in 2015-2019. . Conclusion-Although these findings are not nationally representative, this report illustrates how linked NHCS-HUD data may provide insight into maternal health outcomes of patients who received housing assistance compared with those who did not.