This study reports the one health concept, prevalence, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella and Escherichia coli isolated from raw and ready-to-eat (RTE) meats sold in cities of Lagos State, Nigeria. The conventional method of isolation was used to isolate E. coli and Salmonella spp. on their respective selective media from fifty meat samples obtained from abattoirs, open display, and packaged products at various locations in the state and was confirmed by Gram’s reaction and biochemical tests. Thirty-three E. coli and Twenty-seven Salmonella spp. were isolated with the overall prevalence rate recorded as 72% and 68% respectively. The isolated bacteria were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing on nine different antibiotics using the agar disc diffusion method. All the Salmonella were resistant to at least one antibiotic while two E. coli isolates showed susceptibility to all the antibiotics used in this study. Of the 33 E. coli subjected to antimicrobial testing, 84.8% were susceptible to gentamicin, 81.8% susceptible to ciprofloxacin, and 75.8% susceptible to Augmentin. A lower susceptibility pattern was observed on Salmonella with 74.1% of the Salmonella being susceptible to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin, and 70.4% susceptible to azithromycin. Gentamicin was the most effective antibiotic while amoxicillin was found to be least effective against E. coli and Salmonella isolated from the meat samples used in this study. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of Salmonella ranged between 0.11-0.67 while E. coli ranged between 0-0.89. E. coli was found to be more resistant than Salmonella and the bacteria isolated from RTE meats showed higher MAR than those isolated from raw meats.
{"title":"One health concept, prevalence and phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolated from meats sold in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"IO Adebesin, IO Sule, KT Kolapo, SO Amoka, CR Olomoko, OH Olubunmi","doi":"10.17352/jfsnt.000044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/jfsnt.000044","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports the one health concept, prevalence, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella and Escherichia coli isolated from raw and ready-to-eat (RTE) meats sold in cities of Lagos State, Nigeria. The conventional method of isolation was used to isolate E. coli and Salmonella spp. on their respective selective media from fifty meat samples obtained from abattoirs, open display, and packaged products at various locations in the state and was confirmed by Gram’s reaction and biochemical tests. Thirty-three E. coli and Twenty-seven Salmonella spp. were isolated with the overall prevalence rate recorded as 72% and 68% respectively. The isolated bacteria were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing on nine different antibiotics using the agar disc diffusion method. All the Salmonella were resistant to at least one antibiotic while two E. coli isolates showed susceptibility to all the antibiotics used in this study. Of the 33 E. coli subjected to antimicrobial testing, 84.8% were susceptible to gentamicin, 81.8% susceptible to ciprofloxacin, and 75.8% susceptible to Augmentin. A lower susceptibility pattern was observed on Salmonella with 74.1% of the Salmonella being susceptible to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin, and 70.4% susceptible to azithromycin. Gentamicin was the most effective antibiotic while amoxicillin was found to be least effective against E. coli and Salmonella isolated from the meat samples used in this study. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of Salmonella ranged between 0.11-0.67 while E. coli ranged between 0-0.89. E. coli was found to be more resistant than Salmonella and the bacteria isolated from RTE meats showed higher MAR than those isolated from raw meats.","PeriodicalId":188479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Therapy","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139289405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This literature review explores various aspects of using probiotics as a dietary practice to mitigate the effects of toxic compounds. The discussion highlights the importance of considering factors such as timing and composition of probiotic consumption for maximum benefits. Studies have demonstrated the potential of probiotics to inhibit Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) damage and reduce the occurrence of aberrant crypts in animal models when administered before exposure to toxicants. Furthermore, probiotics have been found to metabolize genotoxic compounds into inactive forms, indicating their potential role in detoxification processes. The binding activity of probiotics against toxicants has been widely studied, but there is a need for further research on the metabolites produced during these interactions. Additionally, the presence of other compounds in the food matrix and their competitive effects on probiotic binding should be investigated to understand the full picture. The strain-dependent nature of the probiotic activity and the variability of their antimutagenic properties for different mutagens further highlight the complexity of their functionality. Considering these findings, it is recommended to conduct a careful risk assessment to evaluate the safety of probiotics and their metabolites, taking into account the potential risks and benefits associated with their use. This will help ensure the responsible application of probiotics in food safety and human health initiatives.
{"title":"Enhancing immunity against carcinogens through probiotics: A literature review","authors":"Attarianshandiz Massoud","doi":"10.17352/jfsnt.000043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/jfsnt.000043","url":null,"abstract":"This literature review explores various aspects of using probiotics as a dietary practice to mitigate the effects of toxic compounds. The discussion highlights the importance of considering factors such as timing and composition of probiotic consumption for maximum benefits. Studies have demonstrated the potential of probiotics to inhibit Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) damage and reduce the occurrence of aberrant crypts in animal models when administered before exposure to toxicants. Furthermore, probiotics have been found to metabolize genotoxic compounds into inactive forms, indicating their potential role in detoxification processes. The binding activity of probiotics against toxicants has been widely studied, but there is a need for further research on the metabolites produced during these interactions. Additionally, the presence of other compounds in the food matrix and their competitive effects on probiotic binding should be investigated to understand the full picture. The strain-dependent nature of the probiotic activity and the variability of their antimutagenic properties for different mutagens further highlight the complexity of their functionality. Considering these findings, it is recommended to conduct a careful risk assessment to evaluate the safety of probiotics and their metabolites, taking into account the potential risks and benefits associated with their use. This will help ensure the responsible application of probiotics in food safety and human health initiatives.","PeriodicalId":188479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Therapy","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122929915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liu Chian-Yi, Hsieh Chih-Yu, Chang Shih-Heng, Wang Shu-chuan, Lin Chih-Cheng
Tea and ascorbic acid have antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and vitamin D and zinc have immunomodulatory effects. This study investigated the effect of a nutraceutical prescription combining these four nutrients on the blood biochemical markers and the modified C19-YRS questionnaires in patients who had recovered from COVID-19 disease for four months. Analysis of six markers associated with long COVID symptoms, i.e., INR, d-dimer, hs-CRP, NT-ProBNP, IL-6 and IgA, indicated that the nutraceutical could positively affect the values, especially for the inflammatory markers. The physician’s clinical observation and questionnaire analysis reported significant improvements in post-exertional malaise, sleep quality and overall health of the patients. These results suggested that formulated nutraceutical could not only reduces or eliminates the symptom of long COVID, but potentially also prevents reinfection.
{"title":"Effects of a nutraceutical combining green tea extract, vitamin C, D, and zinc in patients with post-COVID conditions","authors":"Liu Chian-Yi, Hsieh Chih-Yu, Chang Shih-Heng, Wang Shu-chuan, Lin Chih-Cheng","doi":"10.17352/jfsnt.000042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/jfsnt.000042","url":null,"abstract":"Tea and ascorbic acid have antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and vitamin D and zinc have immunomodulatory effects. This study investigated the effect of a nutraceutical prescription combining these four nutrients on the blood biochemical markers and the modified C19-YRS questionnaires in patients who had recovered from COVID-19 disease for four months. Analysis of six markers associated with long COVID symptoms, i.e., INR, d-dimer, hs-CRP, NT-ProBNP, IL-6 and IgA, indicated that the nutraceutical could positively affect the values, especially for the inflammatory markers. The physician’s clinical observation and questionnaire analysis reported significant improvements in post-exertional malaise, sleep quality and overall health of the patients. These results suggested that formulated nutraceutical could not only reduces or eliminates the symptom of long COVID, but potentially also prevents reinfection.","PeriodicalId":188479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Therapy","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117294748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The intestinal microbiota is an ecosystem where bacteria, archaea, viruses, and protists, are entangled, but not alone. We take microbiota as the bacterial community because, in many historical papers, the probes to detect other organisms in the intestine were rarely used. But in addition, unicellular fungi or yeasts do exist in microbiota, their assembly is called the mycome or fungiome, and it can reach the size and number of our human cells. The bacteria are far more numerous. For a long time, the whole was taken for a nest of pathogens, but in fact, yeasts adapted and evolved as symbiotic cells helping not only our digestion, but also angiogenesis, tissue growth, vitamin synthesis, and our nervous, endocrine, immune systems and even our detoxification system. Much of what we swallow is or will become fermented, like bread, cheese, or wine. Since the beginning of agriculture, our food is eaten lightly by microbiota including yeasts first in plants not treated by pesticides. Natural yeasts still unknown are in hundreds of types or species at the very least, bringing in particular during their work of fermentation a multiplicity of aromas that play a role in the famous detoxification; but the usual diet only provides a few strains of these yeasts. In yeasts like in all cells, ubiquitous cytochrome P450 detoxifying enzymes form a vast family also involved in cell respiration, which is stimulated to some extent by the aromas and other signals secreted. Yeasts could attract and coordinate bacteria to eliminate in part chemical pollutants.
{"title":"The human gut fungiome: Role in physiology and detoxification","authors":"Seralini Gilles-Eric","doi":"10.17352/jfsnt.000041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/jfsnt.000041","url":null,"abstract":"The intestinal microbiota is an ecosystem where bacteria, archaea, viruses, and protists, are entangled, but not alone. We take microbiota as the bacterial community because, in many historical papers, the probes to detect other organisms in the intestine were rarely used. But in addition, unicellular fungi or yeasts do exist in microbiota, their assembly is called the mycome or fungiome, and it can reach the size and number of our human cells. The bacteria are far more numerous. For a long time, the whole was taken for a nest of pathogens, but in fact, yeasts adapted and evolved as symbiotic cells helping not only our digestion, but also angiogenesis, tissue growth, vitamin synthesis, and our nervous, endocrine, immune systems and even our detoxification system. Much of what we swallow is or will become fermented, like bread, cheese, or wine. Since the beginning of agriculture, our food is eaten lightly by microbiota including yeasts first in plants not treated by pesticides. Natural yeasts still unknown are in hundreds of types or species at the very least, bringing in particular during their work of fermentation a multiplicity of aromas that play a role in the famous detoxification; but the usual diet only provides a few strains of these yeasts. In yeasts like in all cells, ubiquitous cytochrome P450 detoxifying enzymes form a vast family also involved in cell respiration, which is stimulated to some extent by the aromas and other signals secreted. Yeasts could attract and coordinate bacteria to eliminate in part chemical pollutants.","PeriodicalId":188479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Therapy","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132431782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Camel tuberculosis is a chronic disease, which is portrayed by the development of granulomas, essentially in the respiratory tract and related lymph nodes, from which the mycobacteria are discharged and contaminate other susceptible animals. Camel tuberculosis has public health implications, especially in pastoral areas of Ethiopia due to the communities having the habit of consuming raw milk and its products and those who do have consistent or day-to-day contact with their camels. In the pastoral areas of Ethiopia, the camel is the spine of their everyday life and extraordinarily adjusted to cruel conditions camels are for the most part raised in Afar, Somali, and Oromia (Borena, Kereyu and Guji). Camels have a high contribution to the economic development of the country. The pastoral community utilized camel products, such as milk and meat, and used camels for various purposes for example, for transportation, drafting, ploughing land, festivity and rivalry as in dashing. In most parts of Ethiopia, camel milk is accepted as a treatment for gastritis, asthmatics, stomach inconvenience, HIV, Hamot (kar), tuberculosis, fever, urinary issues and hepatitis. Among significant illnesses, tuberculosis is one of the principles, which influence camel’s Health and has a zoonotic impact. In addition to this, the etiological agents are transmitted to humans through an aerogenous route from those animals with active cases in the herd. The infection has been reported from several parts of pastoral areas of the country essentially dependent on tuberculin tests and abattoir inspections. Therefore, attention should be given to the control of tuberculosis in livestock; public health education on the zoonotic importance of the disease or awareness creation and the national tuberculosis control needs to consider the one health approach and further epidemiological studies should be undertaken.
{"title":"Review on the prevalence and economic importance of camel tuberculosis in Ethiopia","authors":"Duguma Merga Firdisa","doi":"10.17352/jfsnt.000040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/jfsnt.000040","url":null,"abstract":"Camel tuberculosis is a chronic disease, which is portrayed by the development of granulomas, essentially in the respiratory tract and related lymph nodes, from which the mycobacteria are discharged and contaminate other susceptible animals. Camel tuberculosis has public health implications, especially in pastoral areas of Ethiopia due to the communities having the habit of consuming raw milk and its products and those who do have consistent or day-to-day contact with their camels. In the pastoral areas of Ethiopia, the camel is the spine of their everyday life and extraordinarily adjusted to cruel conditions camels are for the most part raised in Afar, Somali, and Oromia (Borena, Kereyu and Guji). Camels have a high contribution to the economic development of the country. The pastoral community utilized camel products, such as milk and meat, and used camels for various purposes for example, for transportation, drafting, ploughing land, festivity and rivalry as in dashing. In most parts of Ethiopia, camel milk is accepted as a treatment for gastritis, asthmatics, stomach inconvenience, HIV, Hamot (kar), tuberculosis, fever, urinary issues and hepatitis. Among significant illnesses, tuberculosis is one of the principles, which influence camel’s Health and has a zoonotic impact. In addition to this, the etiological agents are transmitted to humans through an aerogenous route from those animals with active cases in the herd. The infection has been reported from several parts of pastoral areas of the country essentially dependent on tuberculin tests and abattoir inspections. Therefore, attention should be given to the control of tuberculosis in livestock; public health education on the zoonotic importance of the disease or awareness creation and the national tuberculosis control needs to consider the one health approach and further epidemiological studies should be undertaken.","PeriodicalId":188479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Therapy","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116981413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is not widely known that the body contains a mechanism that protects against cold and at the same time leads to normal body weight. It is brown fat, combined with a special protein called thermogenin/UCP1. Though there are several UnCoupled Proteins, the main one for the brown tissue is UCP1. It switches ATP production towards heat production. Good oils and cool outside temperatures help in this process.
{"title":"Brown fat and a short circuit make warm and slim","authors":"Doepp Manfred","doi":"10.17352/jfsnt.000039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/jfsnt.000039","url":null,"abstract":"It is not widely known that the body contains a mechanism that protects against cold and at the same time leads to normal body weight. It is brown fat, combined with a special protein called thermogenin/UCP1. Though there are several UnCoupled Proteins, the main one for the brown tissue is UCP1. It switches ATP production towards heat production. Good oils and cool outside temperatures help in this process.","PeriodicalId":188479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Therapy","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125452285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foodborne viruses can transmit through food in lots of ways including consuming items of animal origin containing zoonotic viruses, consuming contaminated food handled by infected food workers, and consuming contaminated food produced by humans. Viral foodborne illnesses are now a major contributor to all foodborne illness reports in recent years and are seen as a rising issue to the public health of humans and animals. Noroviruses and hepatitis A viruses were shown to be predominantly linked to the food-handler transmission and sewage-contaminated foods, according to microbiological research. In order to facilitate source attribution and identify risk preventive measures, routine, standard surveillance of viral outbreaks, and surveillance of virus occurrence in food products, combined with systematic strain typing, food and clinical microbiologists, would be advocated.
{"title":"Overview of Foodborne viruses: Important viruses, outbreaks, health concerns, food Handling and fresh produce","authors":"Al-Daim Sahar Abd","doi":"10.17352/jfsnt.000038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/jfsnt.000038","url":null,"abstract":"Foodborne viruses can transmit through food in lots of ways including consuming items of animal origin containing zoonotic viruses, consuming contaminated food handled by infected food workers, and consuming contaminated food produced by humans. Viral foodborne illnesses are now a major contributor to all foodborne illness reports in recent years and are seen as a rising issue to the public health of humans and animals. Noroviruses and hepatitis A viruses were shown to be predominantly linked to the food-handler transmission and sewage-contaminated foods, according to microbiological research. In order to facilitate source attribution and identify risk preventive measures, routine, standard surveillance of viral outbreaks, and surveillance of virus occurrence in food products, combined with systematic strain typing, food and clinical microbiologists, would be advocated.","PeriodicalId":188479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Therapy","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133863983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As part of a regional baseline study, the distribution of naturally occurring radioactive materials in the marine fish diversity consumed by different age group representatives living in the Kalpakkam coastal zone was studied. The average activity of natural radionuclide in 238U, 232Th, and 40K (n = 40) was 28.51, 239.58, and 118.95 Bq kg-1, respectively. The annual dose of ingestion, lifetime carcinogenic risk assessment and cancer risk assessment due to 238U, 232Th, and 40K were estimated by marine fish diversity in children aged 1-4,5-9,10-14,15-17 years, adults, pregnant women, and the fishing community. The Hospital-Based Cancer Registry (HBCR) compares to the coastal zone. Statistical studies such as Pearson correlation analysis, Principle component analysis, and Cluster analysis report check that the current levels of natural radionuclide do not pose a significant radioactivity threat to the residents based on the activity of the radionuclide.
{"title":"Potential health risk estimation of naturally occurring radionuclides intake due to the consumption of seafood around Coastal zone","authors":"Pandion Kumar, Arunachalam Kantha Deivi","doi":"10.17352/jfsnt.000037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/jfsnt.000037","url":null,"abstract":"As part of a regional baseline study, the distribution of naturally occurring radioactive materials in the marine fish diversity consumed by different age group representatives living in the Kalpakkam coastal zone was studied. The average activity of natural radionuclide in 238U, 232Th, and 40K (n = 40) was 28.51, 239.58, and 118.95 Bq kg-1, respectively. The annual dose of ingestion, lifetime carcinogenic risk assessment and cancer risk assessment due to 238U, 232Th, and 40K were estimated by marine fish diversity in children aged 1-4,5-9,10-14,15-17 years, adults, pregnant women, and the fishing community. The Hospital-Based Cancer Registry (HBCR) compares to the coastal zone. Statistical studies such as Pearson correlation analysis, Principle component analysis, and Cluster analysis report check that the current levels of natural radionuclide do not pose a significant radioactivity threat to the residents based on the activity of the radionuclide.","PeriodicalId":188479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Therapy","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126808349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2005, a study was carried out with chicks fed either organic feed or conventional feed. The aim of the trial was to see whether there was a difference in health between organic and non-organic fed chickens, as a stepping stone to a study in pigs and ultimately in humans. Thus, the final goal was to see whether organic food has positive health effects on humans. In the study, it appeared that animals fed organic feed showed a stronger immune response after a challenge than animals not fed organic feed. However, the researchers found that no firm conclusions could be drawn about the health status of organically fed animals. Based on these results, it was decided not to commission a follow-up study because the differences would be too small. The current knowledge and insights may give new reasons for follow-up research. For this purpose, a report was published with a summary of the original research and subsequent publications, as well as results from literature since 2005 on the health effects of organic feed for animals and organic products for humans. After the 2005 study, no comparable animal studies were carried out with organic and conventional feed. It is precisely in the case of animals that only the feed can differ, which can provide valuable insight into the effects of using only organic nutrition. Research has been done on the differences in composition between conventional and organic products. Human cohort studies have also been conducted on the effects of organic food on health parameters and the occurrence of various types of cancer. Although most researchers are very cautious about concluding the health effects of organic food, there are several relevant findings on differences in the composition of products, most of which are related to the organic production method. These include no synthetic chemical crop protection agents and fewer biocides as compared to conventional production, more antioxidants, and phenols and fewer antibiotic-resistant germs than conventional food. Moreover, milk has a more beneficial fatty acid pattern. There are some indications that eating organic food lowers the risk of developing certain conditions, such as allergies, metabolic syndrome and obesity, and certain cancers.
{"title":"Health effects of organic farming, review of literature since 2005-Revision","authors":"Groot Maria","doi":"10.17352/jfsnt.000036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/jfsnt.000036","url":null,"abstract":"In 2005, a study was carried out with chicks fed either organic feed or conventional feed. The aim of the trial was to see whether there was a difference in health between organic and non-organic fed chickens, as a stepping stone to a study in pigs and ultimately in humans. Thus, the final goal was to see whether organic food has positive health effects on humans. In the study, it appeared that animals fed organic feed showed a stronger immune response after a challenge than animals not fed organic feed. However, the researchers found that no firm conclusions could be drawn about the health status of organically fed animals. Based on these results, it was decided not to commission a follow-up study because the differences would be too small. The current knowledge and insights may give new reasons for follow-up research. For this purpose, a report was published with a summary of the original research and subsequent publications, as well as results from literature since 2005 on the health effects of organic feed for animals and organic products for humans. After the 2005 study, no comparable animal studies were carried out with organic and conventional feed. It is precisely in the case of animals that only the feed can differ, which can provide valuable insight into the effects of using only organic nutrition. Research has been done on the differences in composition between conventional and organic products. Human cohort studies have also been conducted on the effects of organic food on health parameters and the occurrence of various types of cancer. Although most researchers are very cautious about concluding the health effects of organic food, there are several relevant findings on differences in the composition of products, most of which are related to the organic production method. These include no synthetic chemical crop protection agents and fewer biocides as compared to conventional production, more antioxidants, and phenols and fewer antibiotic-resistant germs than conventional food. Moreover, milk has a more beneficial fatty acid pattern. There are some indications that eating organic food lowers the risk of developing certain conditions, such as allergies, metabolic syndrome and obesity, and certain cancers.","PeriodicalId":188479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130340579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since time immemorial, farmers in the arid and semi-arid lands in Kitui County have had many challenges in attaining food and nutrition security. This is largely attributed to inadequate rains, crop diseases, pests, and crop damage by wild animals among others factors. However, the monkey menace and its threats to food security and sustainable livelihoods in Kitui County are not documented. On this basis, a socio-economic survey was carried out in Kwa Vonza/Yatta ward, Kitui Rural constituency in Kitui County to establish i) the extent of damage by monkeys in the ecosystems ii) socio-economic impacts caused by monkeys iii) mitigation measures employed to control the monkey menace in Kitui rural constituency. The socio-economic survey, using one hundred and fifty (150) respondents, revealed that 65% of the respondents indicated that the monkey menace was a threat to food security, and human and livestock life. The respondents noted that monkeys damage their crops (cereals, fruits, and vegetables) on the farm, kill kids of goats and lambs of sheep, and damage food in stores and kitchens. In extreme cases of dry spells, 25% of the respondents indicated the monkeys caused physical injuries to children when the monkeys are looking for food in their homesteads. The respondents felt that the government, through Kenya wildlife services, should intervene to control the monkey population in the hilly habitats for the farmers to have gainful agricultural production and sustainable livelihoods.
{"title":"Monkey menace in Kwa Vonza/Yatta Ward, Kitui County, Kenya: Threat to food and nutrition security and sustainable livelihoods","authors":"Mutavi Sylvester K","doi":"10.17352/jfsnt.000035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/jfsnt.000035","url":null,"abstract":"Since time immemorial, farmers in the arid and semi-arid lands in Kitui County have had many challenges in attaining food and nutrition security. This is largely attributed to inadequate rains, crop diseases, pests, and crop damage by wild animals among others factors. However, the monkey menace and its threats to food security and sustainable livelihoods in Kitui County are not documented. On this basis, a socio-economic survey was carried out in Kwa Vonza/Yatta ward, Kitui Rural constituency in Kitui County to establish i) the extent of damage by monkeys in the ecosystems ii) socio-economic impacts caused by monkeys iii) mitigation measures employed to control the monkey menace in Kitui rural constituency. The socio-economic survey, using one hundred and fifty (150) respondents, revealed that 65% of the respondents indicated that the monkey menace was a threat to food security, and human and livestock life. The respondents noted that monkeys damage their crops (cereals, fruits, and vegetables) on the farm, kill kids of goats and lambs of sheep, and damage food in stores and kitchens. In extreme cases of dry spells, 25% of the respondents indicated the monkeys caused physical injuries to children when the monkeys are looking for food in their homesteads. The respondents felt that the government, through Kenya wildlife services, should intervene to control the monkey population in the hilly habitats for the farmers to have gainful agricultural production and sustainable livelihoods.","PeriodicalId":188479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Therapy","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117317922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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