Pub Date : 2025-07-17DOI: 10.1038/s41574-025-01155-3
Sarah C. Westen, Laura M. Jacobsen
As healthcare professionals, scientists and educators, our intent is to empower people affected by diabetes mellitus; however, if our language is stigmatizing, our impact might be disempowerment. If we do not choose our words with care, we risk undermining the very autonomy we seek to promote.
{"title":"Language evolves — so can you","authors":"Sarah C. Westen, Laura M. Jacobsen","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01155-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-025-01155-3","url":null,"abstract":"As healthcare professionals, scientists and educators, our intent is to empower people affected by diabetes mellitus; however, if our language is stigmatizing, our impact might be disempowerment. If we do not choose our words with care, we risk undermining the very autonomy we seek to promote.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"21 10","pages":"581-583"},"PeriodicalIF":40.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-16DOI: 10.1038/s41574-025-01154-4
Djordje S. Popovic, Theocharis Koufakis, Dimitrios Patoulias, Giuseppe Maltese, Nikolaos Papanas
Adult-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus differs from the early onset form in terms of residual endogenous insulin secretion, comorbidities and baseline cardiorenal risk. Adjunct therapy with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists could offer benefits in this population of patients by preserving β-cell mass and function while also contributing to cardiorenal risk mitigation.
{"title":"The role of GLP1 receptor agonists in adult-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Djordje S. Popovic, Theocharis Koufakis, Dimitrios Patoulias, Giuseppe Maltese, Nikolaos Papanas","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01154-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-025-01154-4","url":null,"abstract":"Adult-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus differs from the early onset form in terms of residual endogenous insulin secretion, comorbidities and baseline cardiorenal risk. Adjunct therapy with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists could offer benefits in this population of patients by preserving β-cell mass and function while also contributing to cardiorenal risk mitigation.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"21 9","pages":"521-522"},"PeriodicalIF":40.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144640354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1038/s41574-025-01143-7
Filippa Juul, Euridice Martinez-Steele, Niyati Parekh, Carlos A. Monteiro
The global increase in obesity has occurred in parallel to a dietary shift from traditional staple foods to ultra-processed foods (UPF), spurring scientific interest in UPF as a driver of the obesity pandemic. Herein, we summarize the current evidence regarding the role of UPF in obesity, with a specific focus on potential biological mechanisms. The literature strongly supports and corroborates ecological, epidemiological and mechanistic lines of research indicating that dietary patterns high in UPF promote overeating and increase the risk of overweight and obesity. Experimental evidence demonstrates that the soft texture, high energy density and hyperpalatable nutrient combinations of UPF facilitate excessive energy intakes by affecting ingestive behaviours, satiety signalling and food reward systems. Although not fully elucidated, it is plausible that several other UPF attributes (such as emulsifiers, non-nutritive sweeteners, acellular nutrients, and contaminants from processing and packaging materials) contribute to their obesogenic effects through a myriad of physiological pathways, including altered absorption kinetics, glycaemic response and the gut microbiota composition and function. To stem the global rise in obesity, multipronged policy efforts are needed to reduce UPF consumption and create health-promoting food systems. Consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) is increasingly linked to the development of obesity, on both an individual and a global scale. This Review assesses the role of UPF in obesity, examining the epidemiological evidence, biological mechanisms and implications for policymakers.
{"title":"The role of ultra-processed food in obesity","authors":"Filippa Juul, Euridice Martinez-Steele, Niyati Parekh, Carlos A. Monteiro","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01143-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-025-01143-7","url":null,"abstract":"The global increase in obesity has occurred in parallel to a dietary shift from traditional staple foods to ultra-processed foods (UPF), spurring scientific interest in UPF as a driver of the obesity pandemic. Herein, we summarize the current evidence regarding the role of UPF in obesity, with a specific focus on potential biological mechanisms. The literature strongly supports and corroborates ecological, epidemiological and mechanistic lines of research indicating that dietary patterns high in UPF promote overeating and increase the risk of overweight and obesity. Experimental evidence demonstrates that the soft texture, high energy density and hyperpalatable nutrient combinations of UPF facilitate excessive energy intakes by affecting ingestive behaviours, satiety signalling and food reward systems. Although not fully elucidated, it is plausible that several other UPF attributes (such as emulsifiers, non-nutritive sweeteners, acellular nutrients, and contaminants from processing and packaging materials) contribute to their obesogenic effects through a myriad of physiological pathways, including altered absorption kinetics, glycaemic response and the gut microbiota composition and function. To stem the global rise in obesity, multipronged policy efforts are needed to reduce UPF consumption and create health-promoting food systems. Consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) is increasingly linked to the development of obesity, on both an individual and a global scale. This Review assesses the role of UPF in obesity, examining the epidemiological evidence, biological mechanisms and implications for policymakers.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"21 11","pages":"672-685"},"PeriodicalIF":40.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1038/s41574-025-01153-5
Marzieh Salehi
Bile acids are increasingly recognized for their broad metabolic effects, including the regulation of glucose homeostasis. In a recent study published in Nature Metabolism, researchers provide compelling evidence that alteration in bile acid flux — namely, in intestinal absorption and faecal secretion — can directly influence prandial glucose metabolism.
{"title":"Bile acids in the crosshairs for hypoglycaemia after gastric bypass","authors":"Marzieh Salehi","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01153-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-025-01153-5","url":null,"abstract":"Bile acids are increasingly recognized for their broad metabolic effects, including the regulation of glucose homeostasis. In a recent study published in Nature Metabolism, researchers provide compelling evidence that alteration in bile acid flux — namely, in intestinal absorption and faecal secretion — can directly influence prandial glucose metabolism.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"21 9","pages":"528-529"},"PeriodicalIF":40.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1038/s41574-025-01151-7
Amy E. Morrison, Dimitris Papamargaritis, Channa N. Jayasena, Neelam Potdar, Thomas Yates, Gregory J. H. Biddle, Malak Hamza, Melanie J. Davies, Narendra L. Reddy
Obesity-related subfertility is an increasingly recognized concern. Pharmacotherapies (particularly glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and combination therapies), alongside lifestyle intervention, enable meaningful and sustainable weight loss in people with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Weight loss can benefit sperm parameters, but the optimal amount and rate of weight loss requires further study.
{"title":"Can obesity pharmacotherapy be used to manage male infertility?","authors":"Amy E. Morrison, Dimitris Papamargaritis, Channa N. Jayasena, Neelam Potdar, Thomas Yates, Gregory J. H. Biddle, Malak Hamza, Melanie J. Davies, Narendra L. Reddy","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01151-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-025-01151-7","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity-related subfertility is an increasingly recognized concern. Pharmacotherapies (particularly glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and combination therapies), alongside lifestyle intervention, enable meaningful and sustainable weight loss in people with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Weight loss can benefit sperm parameters, but the optimal amount and rate of weight loss requires further study.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"21 9","pages":"518-520"},"PeriodicalIF":40.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-08DOI: 10.1038/s41574-025-01152-6
Dipsikha Biswas
{"title":"Glycogen metabolism: not just a one-trick pony","authors":"Dipsikha Biswas","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01152-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-025-01152-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"21 9","pages":"527-527"},"PeriodicalIF":40.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144578392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1038/s41574-025-01134-8
Maria Fleseriu, Mark Gurnell, Ann McCormack, Hidenori Fukuoka, Andrea Glezer, Fabienne Langlois, Theodore H. Schwartz, Yona Greenman, Nidhi Agrawal, Amit Akirov, Irina Bancos, Cristina Capatina, Frederic Castinetti, Michael Catalino, Mirjam Christ-Crain, Liza Das, Andjela Drincic, Pamela U. Freda, Monica R. Gadelha, Andrea Giustina, Felicia Hanzu, Ken K. Y. Ho, Kristina Isand, Susana Mallea-Gil, Adam N. Mamelak, Hani J. Marcus, Meliha Melin Uygur, Mark Molitch, Lisa B. Nachtigall, Elisabeth Nowak, Alberto M. Pereira, Maria M. Pineyro, Ismat Shafiq, Luis Syro, Yutaka Takahashi, Elena V. Varlamov, Greisa Vila, Gabriel Zada, Niki Karavitaki, Shlomo Melmed, & The Pituitary Society International Incidentaloma Consensus Group
This Pituitary Society Consensus article presents an evidence-based consensus on the management of pituitary incidentaloma, defined as an unexpected sellar or parasellar finding incidentally discovered on an imaging study that was not performed for a clinically suspected pituitary lesion. Recommendations are offered for when endocrinology, neurosurgery and ophthalmology consultation, dedicated pituitary imaging, pituitary hormone testing and visual assessment are warranted for macroadenomas, microadenomas, cystic lesions and empty sella, as well as when surgical resection is indicated for incidental pituitary adenomas and cystic sellar lesions. Special considerations in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, children and adolescents, older people, and pregnant women are addressed. The Consensus workshop concluded that diagnostic and management approaches should be individualized to the specific clinical context of an incidentally discovered pituitary lesion. Consultation with a multidisciplinary pituitary tumour centre of excellence should be considered in the presence of new or deteriorating lesion-specific signs or symptoms, particularly when surgical or other adjuvant interventions are being considered and when there is uncertainty about the most appropriate subsequent management. This international Consensus Statement provides guidelines on the management of pituitary incidentalomas.
{"title":"Pituitary incidentaloma: a Pituitary Society international consensus guideline statement","authors":"Maria Fleseriu, Mark Gurnell, Ann McCormack, Hidenori Fukuoka, Andrea Glezer, Fabienne Langlois, Theodore H. Schwartz, Yona Greenman, Nidhi Agrawal, Amit Akirov, Irina Bancos, Cristina Capatina, Frederic Castinetti, Michael Catalino, Mirjam Christ-Crain, Liza Das, Andjela Drincic, Pamela U. Freda, Monica R. Gadelha, Andrea Giustina, Felicia Hanzu, Ken K. Y. Ho, Kristina Isand, Susana Mallea-Gil, Adam N. Mamelak, Hani J. Marcus, Meliha Melin Uygur, Mark Molitch, Lisa B. Nachtigall, Elisabeth Nowak, Alberto M. Pereira, Maria M. Pineyro, Ismat Shafiq, Luis Syro, Yutaka Takahashi, Elena V. Varlamov, Greisa Vila, Gabriel Zada, Niki Karavitaki, Shlomo Melmed, & The Pituitary Society International Incidentaloma Consensus Group","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01134-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-025-01134-8","url":null,"abstract":"This Pituitary Society Consensus article presents an evidence-based consensus on the management of pituitary incidentaloma, defined as an unexpected sellar or parasellar finding incidentally discovered on an imaging study that was not performed for a clinically suspected pituitary lesion. Recommendations are offered for when endocrinology, neurosurgery and ophthalmology consultation, dedicated pituitary imaging, pituitary hormone testing and visual assessment are warranted for macroadenomas, microadenomas, cystic lesions and empty sella, as well as when surgical resection is indicated for incidental pituitary adenomas and cystic sellar lesions. Special considerations in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, children and adolescents, older people, and pregnant women are addressed. The Consensus workshop concluded that diagnostic and management approaches should be individualized to the specific clinical context of an incidentally discovered pituitary lesion. Consultation with a multidisciplinary pituitary tumour centre of excellence should be considered in the presence of new or deteriorating lesion-specific signs or symptoms, particularly when surgical or other adjuvant interventions are being considered and when there is uncertainty about the most appropriate subsequent management. This international Consensus Statement provides guidelines on the management of pituitary incidentalomas.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"21 10","pages":"638-655"},"PeriodicalIF":40.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41574-025-01134-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144370447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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