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Expanded characterization of glycosylation abnormalities and galactose therapy in a patient with CCDC115-CDG using semi-quantitative N-glycan analysis of total and fractionated plasma glycoproteins, in response to Geerts et al. [1] 根据Geerts等人的研究,利用总糖蛋白和分离血浆糖蛋白的半定量n -聚糖分析,扩大了CCDC115-CDG患者糖基化异常和半乳糖治疗的特征。
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2025.109708
Yupeng Liu , Christina Lam , Sheri Poskanzer , Jenny Thies , Holly Stevens , Wenyue Zhang , Eva Morava , Miao He
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引用次数: 0
Neurological and psychiatric issues in 187 adults with early-treated PKU: The ECOPHEN study 187例早期治疗PKU成人的神经和精神问题:ECOPHEN研究
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2025.109706
Chloé Giret , Sybil Charrière , François Feillet , Alain Fouilhoux , Leonardo Astudillo , Christian Lavigne , Jean-Baptiste Arnoux , Sylvie Odent , Claire Gay , Manuel Schiff , Karin Mazodier , Alice Kuster , Vincent Rigalleau , Christel Thauvin , Vanessa Leguy-Seguin , Hervé Lêvesque , Elise Sacaze , Gérard Besson , Benjamin Thoreau , Amélie Le Gouge , François Maillot

Introduction

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the PAH gene leading to phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency. This results in the accumulation of phenylalanine (Phe) in blood and brain, causing neurological and psychiatric impairments if untreated. Newborn screening (NBS) introduced in the 1960s enables early PKU diagnosis, allowing prompt dietary or sapropterin treatment. The long-term outcomes in adults with early-treated PKU, however, may include subtle neurocognitive deficits alongside somatic neurological and psychiatric complications, which remain incompletely characterized.

Patients and methods

The ECOPHEN study was a French 5-year multicenter prospective cohort assessing neuropsychiatric disorders in adults with early-treated PKU.

Results

Here are presented the data at inclusion. The study recruited 187 patients who were classified by PKU severity—classic, mild, or mild persistent hyperphenylalaninemia—and diet adherence status.
Neurological history revealed symptoms in 11.2 % of patients, exclusively in classic PKU, including tremor, migraines, and balance disorders, without significant differences between diet groups. Neurological examination abnormalities predominantly included abnormal deep tendon reflexes in classic PKU patients. Psychiatric issues affected 25.7 % of patients across severity groups, mainly depressive episodes and anxiety, with no clear influence of diet adherence.

Discussion/conclusion

The present study highlights neurological complications persisting despite early treatment, particularly in classic PKU. Diet adherence and current plasma Phe levels did not correlate significantly with neurological or psychiatric outcomes, possibly due to suboptimal metabolic control. Limitations included the cross-sectional design, absence of control group, and retrospective data collection. Overall, adults with early-treated PKU show a generally favorable outcome but remain at risk for neuropsychiatric manifestations, supporting the need for lifelong follow-up including neurologic and psychiatric evaluation.
苯丙酮尿症(PKU)是一种常染色体隐性遗传病,由PAH基因突变引起苯丙氨酸羟化酶缺乏症。这导致苯丙氨酸(Phe)在血液和大脑中的积累,如果不治疗,会导致神经和精神损伤。新生儿筛查(NBS)在20世纪60年代引入,可以早期诊断PKU,允许及时饮食或sapopterin治疗。然而,早期治疗的PKU成人的长期结局可能包括微妙的神经认知缺陷以及躯体神经和精神并发症,这些并发症尚未完全确定。患者和方法ECOPHEN研究是法国一项为期5年的多中心前瞻性队列研究,评估早期治疗的PKU成人神经精神疾病。结果本文给出了纳入时的数据。该研究招募了187名患者,他们根据PKU严重程度(典型、轻度或轻度持续性高苯丙氨酸血症)和饮食依从性进行了分类。11.2%的患者有神经系统病史,包括震颤、偏头痛和平衡障碍,均为典型PKU患者,饮食组间无显著差异。神经学检查异常主要包括典型PKU患者的深肌腱反射异常。精神问题影响了严重程度组中25.7%的患者,主要是抑郁发作和焦虑,饮食依从性没有明显影响。讨论/结论:本研究强调,尽管早期治疗,神经系统并发症仍然存在,特别是在经典的PKU中。饮食依从性和当前血浆Phe水平与神经或精神预后无显著相关性,可能是由于次优代谢控制。局限性包括横断面设计、缺乏对照组和回顾性数据收集。总体而言,早期治疗的成人PKU总体上表现出良好的结果,但仍然存在神经精神表现的风险,支持终身随访的必要性,包括神经和精神评估。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical and biochemical footprints of primary mitochondrial disorders: proposed nosology. 原发性线粒体疾病的临床和生化足迹:拟议的分类学。
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2025.109704
Martina Messina, Rebecca Ganetzky, Carlos R Ferreira, Nenad Blau, Shamima Rahman

Primary mitochondrial diseases (PMD) are a growing number of disorders caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. There is not yet a consensus on the precise definition of PMD. Therefore, this study presents an approach to developing a nosology for standardized, systematic classification of PMD, harmonized with ICIMD and IEMbase. A total of 452 PMD causative genes were included. The classification includes 18 categories: 1) Disorders of amino acid metabolism; 2) Disorders of peptide and amine metabolism; 3) Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism; 4) Disorders of fatty acid and ketone body metabolism; 5) Disorders of energy substrate metabolism; 6) Mitochondrial DNA-related disorders; 7) Nuclear-encoded disorders of oxidative phosphorylation; 8) Disorders of mitochondrial cofactor biosynthesis; 9) Disorders of mitochondrial DNA maintenance and replication; 10) Disorders of mitochondrial gene expression; 11) Other disorders of mitochondrial function; 12) Disorders of metabolite repair/proofreading; 13) Disorders of lipid metabolism; 14) Disorders of nucleobase, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism; 15) Disorders of tetrapyrrole metabolism; 16) Disorders of organelle biogenesis, dynamics and interaction; 17) Disorders of vitamin and cofactor metabolism and 18) Neurotransmitter disorders. We also describe the clinical involvement of 22 organs and systems and laboratory features. The most prevalent symptoms (per gene) were neurological (21.1%), ocular (10.3%), muscular (9.0%), gastrointestinal (8.3%), and cardiovascular (7.9%).

原发性线粒体疾病(PMD)是由线粒体功能障碍引起的越来越多的疾病。对于PMD的精确定义还没有达成共识。因此,本研究提出了一种与ICIMD和IEMbase相协调的PMD标准化系统分类的方法。共包含452个PMD致病基因。分类包括18类:1)氨基酸代谢紊乱;2)肽胺代谢紊乱;3)碳水化合物代谢紊乱;4)脂肪酸、酮体代谢紊乱;5)能量底物代谢紊乱;6)线粒体dna相关疾病;7)核编码的氧化磷酸化紊乱;8)线粒体辅助因子生物合成障碍;9)线粒体DNA维持和复制障碍;10)线粒体基因表达紊乱;11)其他线粒体功能障碍;12)代谢物修复/校对紊乱;13)脂质代谢紊乱;14)核碱基、核苷酸、核酸代谢紊乱;15)四吡咯代谢紊乱;16)细胞器生物发生、动力学和相互作用的紊乱;17)维生素和辅助因子代谢紊乱;18)神经递质紊乱。我们还描述了22个器官和系统的临床累及和实验室特征。最常见的症状(每个基因)是神经系统(21.1%)、眼部(10.3%)、肌肉(9.0%)、胃肠道(8.3%)和心血管(7.9%)。
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引用次数: 0
Complementary and alternative medicines and cannabis use among individuals with erythropoietic protoporphyria 红细胞生成性原生卟啉症患者的补充和替代药物和大麻使用。
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2025.109703
Emma Draisin , Chloe Paige Rome , Karli Hedstrom , Jessica Overbey , Manisha Balwani , Hetanshi Naik

Introduction

Erythropoietic Protoporphyria (EPP) and X-Linked Protoporphyria (XLP) are rare, inherited disorders that present with severe cutaneous phototoxicity. Pain from phototoxic reactions does not respond to analgesics, and there is a need to identify therapies to address EPP-pain. Anecdotal reports from individuals with EPP indicate that cannabis may alleviate symptoms during phototoxic reactions. These reports warrant further systematic investigation. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how patients with EPP utilize cannabis and complementary and alternative medicines (CAM).

Materials & methods

A cross-sectional survey assessing the use of CAMs and cannabis in individuals with EPP and XLP was conducted. The survey included demographics, EPP/XLP symptoms, CAM use (the International CAM Questionnaire and Daily Session (I-CAM-Q)), and cannabis use (the Frequency, Age of Onset and Quantity of Cannabis Use Inventory (DFAQ-CU)).

Results

A total of 149 participants completed the survey. More than half of participants (62.9 %, 78/124) reported having used cannabis, either currently or in the past. Among the cannabis users, 12.9 % (9/70) reported using it only for EPP symptoms, 34.2 % (24/70) only recreationally, and 47.4 % (37/70) for both reasons. Individuals reported that cannabis mitigated anxieties around symptoms, though it was not perceived to directly reduce EPP-pain. Participants with more severe symptoms reported higher cannabis use. Few participants reported seeing a CAM provider for symptoms related to EPP, with most seeing providers to improve general well-being or for other reasons not related to EPP. Additionally, 76.0 % (89/117) of participants used self-help practices, though generally not for their EPP symptoms.

Discussion

Overall, findings from this study suggest that cannabis may be impactful on secondary effects of EPP symptoms. Also, that individuals with EPP primarily used other CAMs to improve general well-being rather than as treatment for EPP-related symptoms or pain. Given the limited treatment options for EPP-pain and the findings here, additional research is needed to determine the effectiveness of cannabis on EPP symptoms.
简介:红细胞生成原生卟啉症(EPP)和x -连锁原生卟啉症(XLP)是罕见的遗传性疾病,存在严重的皮肤光毒性。光毒性反应引起的疼痛对镇痛药没有反应,需要确定治疗方法来解决epp疼痛。来自EPP患者的轶事报告表明,大麻可以减轻光毒性反应期间的症状。这些报告值得进一步系统的调查。因此,本研究旨在探讨EPP患者如何利用大麻和补充和替代药物(CAM)。材料与方法:进行了一项横断面调查,评估EPP和XLP患者使用CAMs和大麻的情况。调查包括人口统计、EPP/XLP症状、CAM使用(国际CAM问卷和每日会话(I-CAM-Q))和大麻使用(大麻使用频率、发病年龄和数量清单(DFAQ-CU))。结果:共有149人完成调查。超过一半的参与者(62.9%,78/124)报告目前或过去使用过大麻。在大麻使用者中,12.9%(9/70)报告仅为治疗EPP症状使用大麻,34.2%(24/70)仅为娱乐使用大麻,47.4%(37/70)两种原因都使用大麻。个人报告说,大麻减轻了对症状的焦虑,尽管它没有被认为直接减少epp疼痛。症状更严重的参与者报告大麻使用量更高。很少有参与者报告因与EPP相关的症状而去看CAM提供者,大多数人是为了改善总体健康状况或出于与EPP无关的其他原因而去看提供者。此外,76.0%(89/117)的参与者使用自助实践,尽管通常不是针对他们的EPP症状。讨论:总的来说,这项研究的结果表明,大麻可能对EPP症状的继发性影响有影响。此外,EPP患者主要使用其他CAMs来改善总体幸福感,而不是治疗EPP相关症状或疼痛。考虑到EPP疼痛的治疗选择有限和这里的研究结果,需要进一步的研究来确定大麻对EPP症状的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
An update on clinical practice for Duarte galactosemia Duarte半乳糖血症临床实践的最新进展
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2025.109699
Judith L. Fridovich-Keil , Rani H. Singh
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引用次数: 0
Underrecognized need for early detection of inborn errors of metabolism in China: A population-based study of 14.31 million residents (2012−2023) 未被充分认识的早期发现中国先天性代谢错误的需求:一项基于1431万居民的人群研究(2012-2023)。
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2025.109702
Ming-Jia Li , Miao-Miao Zhao , Qi Li , Hanna Kim , Ruo-Qi Feng , Mo-Ning Guo , Jian-Peng Zheng , Chang Liu , Jin-Kui Yang
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are a major subgroup of rare diseases, comprising over 1000 genetic disorders that disrupt essential biochemical pathways. Globally, they cause an estimated 23,500 childhood deaths annually. Despite diagnostic advances indicating a cumulative incidence of ∼1 in 800 births, population-based data from China remain scarce.
We conducted a population-based study of 14.31 million permanent residents in the Great Beijing Area (2012–2023) using the municipal disease registry. Rare diseases were identified using ICD-10 codes mapped to the 2018 and 2023 National Rare Disease Catalog, from which 13 classified as IEMs were included in this study. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) were calculated, and disease patterns were compared with international newborn screening (NBS) data.
Of 12,371 rare disease diagnoses, 314 (2.5 %) were IEMs. The ASIR was 0.180 per 100,000 person-years (95 % CI: 0.031–0.565) in 2012 and remained stable at 0.159 (95 % CI: 0.023–0.532) in 2023. Early-onset cases (<1 year) comprised 41.7 %. The mean diagnostic age was 11.0 years, with a median of 1.0 year. Methylmalonic acidemia without homocystinuria (40.8 %), phenylketonuria (29.9 %), and Fabry disease (6.7 %) were most common; males accounted for 60.5 % of cases. Although the prevalence of certain IEMs was broadly consistent with global data, the markedly low ASIR suggests substantial underdiagnosis of IEMs in China.
This first large-scale, population-based study of IEMs in China reveals underestimation of true disease burden. Expanding and standardizing NBS coverage, broadening genetic testing, implementing mandatory screening, and integrating long-term care into health systems are urgent policy priorities.
先天性代谢错误(IEMs)是罕见病的一个主要亚群,包括1000多种破坏基本生化途径的遗传疾病。在全球范围内,这些疾病每年造成约2.35万名儿童死亡。尽管在诊断方面取得了进展,表明800例新生儿中累积发病率为1,但来自中国的基于人群的数据仍然很少。我们利用北京市疾病登记处对2012-2023年大北京地区1431万常住居民进行了基于人口的研究。使用ICD-10代码识别罕见病,并将其映射到2018年和2023年国家罕见病目录中,其中13种被归类为IEMs纳入本研究。计算年龄标准化发病率(asir),并将疾病模式与国际新生儿筛查(NBS)数据进行比较。在12,371例罕见病诊断中,314例(2.5%)为IEMs。2012年ASIR为0.180 / 100,000人年(95% CI: 0.031-0.565), 2023年稳定在0.159 (95% CI: 0.023-0.532)。早发病例(
{"title":"Underrecognized need for early detection of inborn errors of metabolism in China: A population-based study of 14.31 million residents (2012−2023)","authors":"Ming-Jia Li ,&nbsp;Miao-Miao Zhao ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Hanna Kim ,&nbsp;Ruo-Qi Feng ,&nbsp;Mo-Ning Guo ,&nbsp;Jian-Peng Zheng ,&nbsp;Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Jin-Kui Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ymgme.2025.109702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymgme.2025.109702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are a major subgroup of rare diseases, comprising over 1000 genetic disorders that disrupt essential biochemical pathways. Globally, they cause an estimated 23,500 childhood deaths annually. Despite diagnostic advances indicating a cumulative incidence of ∼1 in 800 births, population-based data from China remain scarce.</div><div>We conducted a population-based study of 14.31 million permanent residents in the Great Beijing Area (2012–2023) using the municipal disease registry. Rare diseases were identified using ICD-10 codes mapped to the 2018 and 2023 National Rare Disease Catalog, from which 13 classified as IEMs were included in this study. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) were calculated, and disease patterns were compared with international newborn screening (NBS) data.</div><div>Of 12,371 rare disease diagnoses, 314 (2.5 %) were IEMs. The ASIR was 0.180 per 100,000 person-years (95 % CI: 0.031–0.565) in 2012 and remained stable at 0.159 (95 % CI: 0.023–0.532) in 2023. Early-onset cases (&lt;1 year) comprised 41.7 %. The mean diagnostic age was 11.0 years, with a median of 1.0 year. Methylmalonic acidemia without homocystinuria (40.8 %), phenylketonuria (29.9 %), and Fabry disease (6.7 %) were most common; males accounted for 60.5 % of cases. Although the prevalence of certain IEMs was broadly consistent with global data, the markedly low ASIR suggests substantial underdiagnosis of IEMs in China.</div><div>This first large-scale, population-based study of IEMs in China reveals underestimation of true disease burden. Expanding and standardizing NBS coverage, broadening genetic testing, implementing mandatory screening, and integrating long-term care into health systems are urgent policy priorities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18937,"journal":{"name":"Molecular genetics and metabolism","volume":"147 1","pages":"Article 109702"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145724811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Navigating molecular therapies: The emerging role of mRNA in treating inherited metabolic diseases 导航分子疗法:mRNA在治疗遗传性代谢疾病中的新作用
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2025.109698
J.A. Castro-Alpízar , M.J. Lenderink , E.E.S. Nieuwenhuis , S.A.A. Kooijmans , S.A. Fuchs
Inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs) are a diverse group of rare genetic disorders caused by enzymatic deficiencies that disrupt essential biochemical pathways. Current treatments remain largely supportive and fail to address the molecular root cause. Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based therapeutics, delivered by lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), have recently emerged as a powerful treatment strategy: mRNA enables transient and programmable protein expression, while LNPs provide an effective, non-viral vehicle with natural liver tropism. Initial phase I/II clinical trials and n = 1 cases in liver-dominant IMDs have shown encouraging results. Yet, given the rarity of each IMD and the small patient numbers in individual trials, definitive insights into efficacy and safety require integrating evidence across multiple disorders. In this review, we synthesize the emerging clinical trial evidence of mRNA-LNP therapies across IMDs, highlighting both enzyme replacement and genome editing strategies. We discuss the clinical promise and modularity of these approaches, alongside remaining challenges related to durability, immunogenicity, and extrahepatic delivery. The recent and anticipated evolving developments position mRNA-LNP therapeutics at the forefront of precision medicine, offering a flexible therapeutic platform with applications ranging from bridge therapy to long-term stabilization or potential one-time disease-modifying interventions, transforming the prospect of IMD management.
遗传性代谢性疾病(IMDs)是一组罕见的遗传性疾病,由酶缺乏引起,破坏了基本的生化途径。目前的治疗在很大程度上仍然是支持性的,不能解决分子的根本原因。以信使RNA (mRNA)为基础的治疗方法,由脂质纳米颗粒(LNPs)递送,最近成为一种强大的治疗策略:mRNA可以实现瞬时和可编程的蛋白质表达,而LNPs提供了一种有效的、具有天然肝脏亲和性的非病毒载体。初始I/II期临床试验和n = 1例肝脏主导型imd显示出令人鼓舞的结果。然而,考虑到每种IMD的罕见性和个体试验中患者数量较少,对疗效和安全性的明确见解需要综合多种疾病的证据。在这篇综述中,我们综合了跨imd的mRNA-LNP治疗的新临床试验证据,重点介绍了酶替代和基因组编辑策略。我们讨论了这些方法的临床前景和模块化,以及与持久性、免疫原性和肝外输送相关的剩余挑战。最近和预期的发展将mRNA-LNP疗法置于精准医学的前沿,提供了一个灵活的治疗平台,应用范围从桥梁治疗到长期稳定或潜在的一次性疾病改善干预,改变了IMD治疗的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting subtypes of glycogen storage disease type IV: Challenges of hepatic subtypes and genotype-phenotype correlation 预测IV型糖原储存病亚型:肝亚型和基因型-表型相关性的挑战
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2025.109293
Anne Taylor , Desale Yacob , Bonita Fung , Shamlal Mangray , Daniel R. Boué , Kevin M. Flanigan , Rebecca L. Koch , Priya S. Kishnani , Deeksha Bali , Alexander Weymann , Mari Mori
Glycogen storage disease type IV (GSD IV) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by the deficiency of the glycogen branching enzyme encoded by GBE1. GSD IV can present with variable age of onset and severity of disease processes involving liver, central and peripheral nerves, muscles, and heart. Adult Polyglucosan Body Disease (APBD) is now increasingly recognized as a continuum of the GSDIV spectrum. If the clinical disease presentation includes progressive liver failure, treatment may require liver transplant to prevent morbidity and mortality. The variable presentation of GSD IV, including the hepatic phenotypes, creates diagnostic and treatment challenges. Here we describe a girl presenting with hypotonia and hepatomegaly at age 4 years; genetic analysis revealed compound heterozygosity in GBE1: c.1621A>G p.(Asn541Asp) and c.1655C>T p.(Pro552Leu). Based on her presentation and genotypes, her phenotypic prognosis was not immediately clear. She was monitored closely for liver disease progression including, synthetic dysfunction, cholestasis, or cirrhosis, but her liver function proved stable over time.
Recent analysis suggested that liver disease progression is a spectrum and some develop a progressive/severe hepatic form and others stabilize with an attenuated hepatic form. Previous reviews of GSD IV genotype-phenotype correlations have not adequately addressed the prediction of hepatic phenotype based on GBE1 genotypes. We performed an updated comprehensive literature search and genotype-phenotype analysis, while updating the GBE1 genotypes according to the HGVS nomenclature.
Our detailed and comprehensive review of GSDIV adds to the previously published literature available on GSD IV genotypes (Li et al. 2010, Iijima 2018, Souza et al. 2021).
糖原储存病IV型(GSD IV)是一种罕见的常染色体隐性遗传病,由GBE1编码的糖原分支酶缺乏引起。GSD IV可表现为不同的发病年龄和严重程度,累及肝脏、中枢和周围神经、肌肉和心脏。成人多葡聚糖体病(APBD)现在越来越被认为是GSDIV谱的连续体。如果临床表现包括进行性肝功能衰竭,治疗可能需要肝移植以防止发病率和死亡率。GSD IV的可变表现,包括肝脏表型,给诊断和治疗带来了挑战。在这里,我们描述了一个女孩在4岁时表现为低张力和肝肿大;遗传分析显示,GBE1的复合杂合性为c.1621A>G . p.(Asn541Asp)和c.1655C>T . p.(Pro552Leu)。根据她的表现和基因型,她的表型预后尚不清楚。密切监测肝脏疾病进展,包括合成功能障碍、胆汁淤积或肝硬化,但随着时间的推移,她的肝功能证明是稳定的。最近的分析表明,肝脏疾病的进展是一个谱系,一些发展为进行性/严重的肝脏形式,而另一些则稳定为减轻的肝脏形式。先前关于GBE1基因型与表型相关性的综述并没有充分解决基于GBE1基因型预测肝脏表型的问题。我们进行了更新的综合文献检索和基因型-表型分析,同时根据HGVS命名法更新了GBE1基因型。我们对GSDIV进行了详细而全面的综述,增加了先前发表的关于GSDIV基因型的文献(Li et al. 2010, Iijima 2018, Souza et al. 2021)。
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引用次数: 0
Cover 2 / Ed. Board 封面2 /编印板
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1096-7192(25)00683-3
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引用次数: 0
Genotype-phenotype correlations of GFAP variants in type I Alexander disease subtypes ⅰ型亚历山大病亚型GFAP变异的基因型-表型相关性
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2025.109689
Tiziana Bachetti , Ylenia Vaia , Alice Grossi , Francesca Rosamilia , Enrico Bertini , Francesco Nicita , Deianira Bellitto , Florian Eichler , Geneviève Bernard , Amanda Nagy , Ayelet Zerem , Morteza Heidari , Ali Reza Tavasoli , Isabella Moroni , Isabella Ceccherini , Davide Tonduti , AxD Type I Study Group

Introduction

Alexander disease (AxD) is a rare and progressive leukodystrophy caused by variants in the Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) gene. AxD presents as Type I and Type II, based on clinical and neuroradiological features. However, Type I patients variable disease progression has led to sub-classify them into subtypes Ia-Ib-Ic-Id. Our study investigated genotype-phenotype correlations in Type I AxD across these subtypes.

Methods

A cohort of 74 genetically confirmed Type I AxD patients was analysed, with variants classified according to the clinical subtypes Ia, Ib, Ic, and Id. Genotypic–phenotypic correlations were explored both across all subtype groups and in stratified analyses based on patients' ability to achieve independent ambulation versus those who never acquired this milestone. To investigate the functional consequences of a representative variant, in vitro assays were performed. Selected mutant GFAP protein was expressed and their ability to assemble into intermediate filament networks was assessed.

Results

The study revealed a progressive decrease in GFAP allelic heterogeneity across disease subtypes from Ia to Id. Additionally, GFAP pathogenic variants in exon 1 were more frequent in milder forms, whereas mutations in exon 4 were predominantly observed in severe phenotypes. In addition, changes at p.R239 and p.R79 residues showed an opposite trend, with variants affecting p.R239 never detected in Id subtype, while variants affecting p.R79 never detected in Ia. Specific aminoacidic changes at the p.R79 residue were able to stratify patients based on ability to acquire independent ambulation or not. Furthermore, the distribution of Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion (CADD) scores showed an inverse correlation with the acquisition of autonomous ambulation.

Conclusions

These results suggest that specific GFAP variants could be potential predictors for disease progression in Type I AxD, supporting patients' subclassification and underscoring the importance of considering both genetic and clinical factors in AxD management, particularly as therapeutic interventions are being developed.
亚历山大病(AxD)是一种罕见的进行性脑白质营养不良,由胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)基因变异引起。根据临床和神经放射学特征,AxD分为I型和II型。然而,I型患者的可变疾病进展导致他们被细分为Ia-Ib-Ic-Id亚型。我们的研究调查了这些亚型中I型AxD的基因型-表型相关性。方法对74例遗传确诊的I型AxD患者进行队列分析,根据临床亚型Ia、Ib、Ic和Id进行变异分类。在所有亚型组和基于患者实现独立行走能力与从未获得这一里程碑的患者的分层分析中,研究了基因型-表型相关性。为了研究具有代表性的变异的功能后果,进行了体外测定。表达选定的突变体GFAP蛋白,并评估其组装成中间纤维网络的能力。结果研究显示,从Ia到Id的疾病亚型中,GFAP等位基因异质性逐渐降低。此外,外显子1的GFAP致病变异在轻度表型中更常见,而外显子4的突变主要在严重表型中观察到。此外,p.R239和p.R79残基的变化趋势相反,Id亚型未检测到影响p.R239的变异,而Ia亚型未检测到影响p.R79的变异。p.R79残基的特定氨基酸变化能够根据是否获得独立行走的能力对患者进行分层。此外,CADD得分的分布与自主行走的习得呈负相关。这些结果表明,特定的GFAP变异可能是I型AxD疾病进展的潜在预测因子,支持患者的亚分类,并强调在AxD管理中考虑遗传和临床因素的重要性,特别是在治疗干预措施正在开发的情况下。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Molecular genetics and metabolism
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