Applied Chemistry Research Centre, PCSIR Labs Complex, Lahore 54600, Pakistan; College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54890, Pakistan *Corresponding author Saima Siddique, MPhil Applied Chemistry Research Centre PCSIR Labs Complex Lahore 54600, Pakistan; College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore 54890, Pakistan Tel. (+92-42) 99230688; 99230695 Fax: (+92-42) 99230705 E-mail: saimesiddique@gmail.com
{"title":"Essential Oils and Cosmetic Aromatherapy","authors":"S. Siddique","doi":"10.17140/tcoj-2-e004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/tcoj-2-e004","url":null,"abstract":"Applied Chemistry Research Centre, PCSIR Labs Complex, Lahore 54600, Pakistan; College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54890, Pakistan *Corresponding author Saima Siddique, MPhil Applied Chemistry Research Centre PCSIR Labs Complex Lahore 54600, Pakistan; College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore 54890, Pakistan Tel. (+92-42) 99230688; 99230695 Fax: (+92-42) 99230705 E-mail: saimesiddique@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":189690,"journal":{"name":"Trichology and Cosmetology – Open Journal","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129788133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. T. Zewdu, A. Abdulkerim, Mahelet Dessie Nigatu, Getasew Mulatu Akenaw, M. Alemayehu
Introduction: Irrational use of topical corticosteroid (TC) is quite common in Ethiopia due to the unrestricted availability and use of topical steroids (TS) not only by general public but also by physicians and chemists. This practice is highly prevalent and sought after, owing to the quick relief of symptoms in different dermatological conditions and its nature of enhancing beauty for a certain period. Objective: This study aims to evaluate and analyze the prevalence of misuse of topical steroids, causes behind the misuse and consequences after the use of topical steroids among females in a dermatology outpatient department (OPD) at Ayder Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational questionnaire based study was conducted from April to August 2015. Patients were questioned and assessed for misuse of topical steroids in terms of indication, dose, frequency, duration, effects after use and source of recommendation of topical steroids among female clients. Results: During the study period, 104 (27.1%) patients presented with inappropriate use of topical steroids among patients (n=384) who were attended the OPD of dermatology unit at Ayder Referral Hospital, the only hospital providing treatment, care and preventive measures for dermatological cases, with a response rate of 97%. A total of 72 patients were presented with adverse effects of topical steroids resulting from the misuse of these drugs for various purposes. Misuse of topical steroids was found to be most prevalent in the age group of 21-30 years (51.15%) followed by age group between 11-20 years (21.15%), who were severely affected due to its inappropriate use. Whereas, melasma (40.38%) and rosacea (35.6%) were the most common reasons of steroid abuse, followed by facial acne (26%), use as sunscreen 44 (42.3%), non-specific dermatosis 35 (33.7%) and skin lightening (10.58%). Patients using topical corticosteroids as over-the-counter (OTC) after recommendation made by friends and family (44.8%) was found to be a factor of influence on the misuse of topical steroids followed by pharmacist and drug store vendors as over the counter patterns of use (31.7%). The least were recommended by clinicians (10.57%) for the treatment of acne, melasma/hyper-pigmentation and to improve the appearance during weddings and other ceremonies. Dermovate and dermalar (70.18%) were the most commonly used topical steroid preparations, causing the patients to often develop fungal infections such as tinea incognito (26.4%), followed by facial acne (25.6%), telangiectasia and rosacea (41%) being the most common side effects experienced. Conclusion: Misuse of topical steroids was found to be very common owing to prescriptions by dermatologists, the major reason being recommendations by healthcare professionals, pharmacists, family and friends. Abuse of these steroids causes fungal, bacterial infections and rosacea which leads to many other secondary complications.
{"title":"Topical Corticosteroid Misuse Among Females Attending a Dermatology Outpatient Department in Ethiopia","authors":"F. T. Zewdu, A. Abdulkerim, Mahelet Dessie Nigatu, Getasew Mulatu Akenaw, M. Alemayehu","doi":"10.17140/tcoj-2-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/tcoj-2-108","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Irrational use of topical corticosteroid (TC) is quite common in Ethiopia due to the unrestricted availability and use of topical steroids (TS) not only by general public but also by physicians and chemists. This practice is highly prevalent and sought after, owing to the quick relief of symptoms in different dermatological conditions and its nature of enhancing beauty for a certain period. Objective: This study aims to evaluate and analyze the prevalence of misuse of topical steroids, causes behind the misuse and consequences after the use of topical steroids among females in a dermatology outpatient department (OPD) at Ayder Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational questionnaire based study was conducted from April to August 2015. Patients were questioned and assessed for misuse of topical steroids in terms of indication, dose, frequency, duration, effects after use and source of recommendation of topical steroids among female clients. Results: During the study period, 104 (27.1%) patients presented with inappropriate use of topical steroids among patients (n=384) who were attended the OPD of dermatology unit at Ayder Referral Hospital, the only hospital providing treatment, care and preventive measures for dermatological cases, with a response rate of 97%. A total of 72 patients were presented with adverse effects of topical steroids resulting from the misuse of these drugs for various purposes. Misuse of topical steroids was found to be most prevalent in the age group of 21-30 years (51.15%) followed by age group between 11-20 years (21.15%), who were severely affected due to its inappropriate use. Whereas, melasma (40.38%) and rosacea (35.6%) were the most common reasons of steroid abuse, followed by facial acne (26%), use as sunscreen 44 (42.3%), non-specific dermatosis 35 (33.7%) and skin lightening (10.58%). Patients using topical corticosteroids as over-the-counter (OTC) after recommendation made by friends and family (44.8%) was found to be a factor of influence on the misuse of topical steroids followed by pharmacist and drug store vendors as over the counter patterns of use (31.7%). The least were recommended by clinicians (10.57%) for the treatment of acne, melasma/hyper-pigmentation and to improve the appearance during weddings and other ceremonies. Dermovate and dermalar (70.18%) were the most commonly used topical steroid preparations, causing the patients to often develop fungal infections such as tinea incognito (26.4%), followed by facial acne (25.6%), telangiectasia and rosacea (41%) being the most common side effects experienced. Conclusion: Misuse of topical steroids was found to be very common owing to prescriptions by dermatologists, the major reason being recommendations by healthcare professionals, pharmacists, family and friends. Abuse of these steroids causes fungal, bacterial infections and rosacea which leads to many other secondary complications.","PeriodicalId":189690,"journal":{"name":"Trichology and Cosmetology – Open Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116551966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nanocosmetics: The Good, the Bad and the Beautiful","authors":"R. Banerjee","doi":"10.17140/tcoj-2-e005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/tcoj-2-e005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":189690,"journal":{"name":"Trichology and Cosmetology – Open Journal","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134184275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although, hair does not have a vital function in human beings, its loss could possibly be associated with the complications of psychological functions. Hair loss, is often distressing and can have major effects on the quality of life (QoL) and self-esteem of the individual. Hair loss may be (i) idiopathic, (ii) associated with aging, (iii) related to a genetic predisposition, (iv) due to some diseases and infections or (v) in consequence of metabolic and hormonal abnormalities. In such cases, the individuals must be subjected to a criterious clinical examination and the personal and family histories, diet, medication, and hair care habits must be considered.1-3
{"title":"Hair Loss and Chemotherapy: An Overview about What You Need To Know","authors":"Danúbia C. Sá-Caputo, M. Bernardo-Filho","doi":"10.17140/tcoj-2-e006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/tcoj-2-e006","url":null,"abstract":"Although, hair does not have a vital function in human beings, its loss could possibly be associated with the complications of psychological functions. Hair loss, is often distressing and can have major effects on the quality of life (QoL) and self-esteem of the individual. Hair loss may be (i) idiopathic, (ii) associated with aging, (iii) related to a genetic predisposition, (iv) due to some diseases and infections or (v) in consequence of metabolic and hormonal abnormalities. In such cases, the individuals must be subjected to a criterious clinical examination and the personal and family histories, diet, medication, and hair care habits must be considered.1-3","PeriodicalId":189690,"journal":{"name":"Trichology and Cosmetology – Open Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127699859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chemical peeling is one of the most commonly performed cosmetic procedures in any aesthetic practice, for the controlled breakdown of a part or the entire epidermis (with or without the dermis), leading to exfoliation and removal of the superficial layer of the skin. This leads to regeneration of new epidermal and dermal tissues. A chemical peel is a versatile tool in a cosmetologist’s armamentarium which is simple to use and is result oriented. It is also perhaps the most lucrative procedure for any physician; hence, becoming one of the most commonly practiced cosmetic procedures by any new practitioner. Treating various skin types can however be challenging due to the unpredictability of peels, especially when using deep chemical peels or higher concentration peels on darker skin types. Although, various parameters such as time, concentration and erythema are taken into consideration for safety purposes, the methods and procedures vary slightly depending upon the physician’s expertise in the procedure. Having performed more than 6000 chemical peels, this article is based on my practical experience and knowledge about chemical peeling, especially on darker skin types.
{"title":"Chemical Peels: A Must Have Armamentarium","authors":"R. Pillai","doi":"10.17140/tcoj-2-e002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/tcoj-2-e002","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical peeling is one of the most commonly performed cosmetic procedures in any aesthetic practice, for the controlled breakdown of a part or the entire epidermis (with or without the dermis), leading to exfoliation and removal of the superficial layer of the skin. This leads to regeneration of new epidermal and dermal tissues. A chemical peel is a versatile tool in a cosmetologist’s armamentarium which is simple to use and is result oriented. It is also perhaps the most lucrative procedure for any physician; hence, becoming one of the most commonly practiced cosmetic procedures by any new practitioner. Treating various skin types can however be challenging due to the unpredictability of peels, especially when using deep chemical peels or higher concentration peels on darker skin types. Although, various parameters such as time, concentration and erythema are taken into consideration for safety purposes, the methods and procedures vary slightly depending upon the physician’s expertise in the procedure. Having performed more than 6000 chemical peels, this article is based on my practical experience and knowledge about chemical peeling, especially on darker skin types.","PeriodicalId":189690,"journal":{"name":"Trichology and Cosmetology – Open Journal","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131504454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microneedles are a modestly invasive technique that gained mass popularity, and is utilized to break the top skin layer into tiny holes which self regenerate and rejuvenate the skin and facilitate the delivery of certain nutrients, proteins, drugs, antiageing, products and vitamins on the skin surface and underneath in the form of mesotherapy, being a form of controlled intradermal (transdermal drug absorption) applications. It has been an extensively researched topic in the field of cosmetology and aesthetic dermatology and has grabbed great attention all over the world. It stimulates elastin and collagen production through a controlled cascade of inflammation initiation, and then followed by production and remodeling of collagen and elastin the skin dermis. Eventually it helps in thickening of the skin, improving its texture and appearance and by combating skin aging process.
{"title":"Medical Micro-Needling","authors":"Ebtisam Elghblawi","doi":"10.17140/tcoj-2-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/tcoj-2-105","url":null,"abstract":"Microneedles are a modestly invasive technique that gained mass popularity, and is utilized to break the top skin layer into tiny holes which self regenerate and rejuvenate the skin and facilitate the delivery of certain nutrients, proteins, drugs, antiageing, products and vitamins on the skin surface and underneath in the form of mesotherapy, being a form of controlled intradermal (transdermal drug absorption) applications. It has been an extensively researched topic in the field of cosmetology and aesthetic dermatology and has grabbed great attention all over the world. It stimulates elastin and collagen production through a controlled cascade of inflammation initiation, and then followed by production and remodeling of collagen and elastin the skin dermis. Eventually it helps in thickening of the skin, improving its texture and appearance and by combating skin aging process.","PeriodicalId":189690,"journal":{"name":"Trichology and Cosmetology – Open Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114909631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danúbia Sá-Caput, Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos, E. Guedes-Aguiar, R. Carvalho-Lima, Severo de Paoli, Danielle Soares Morel, I. Bastos, Clailson H. A. Farias, Cláudia F. Figueiredo, Glenda Dias, É. H. Frederico, M. B. Filho
Chikungunya (CHIK) is a disease caused by a mosquito-borne alphavirus (the mosquitos Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus). The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is present all over the world. Several clinical symptoms have been associated with CHIK including hair loss. The aim of this review is to present some symptoms related to CHIK, tissues and organs targeted by the CHIKV and to suggest how the infection can lead to hair loss. Searches were performed to verify the number of publications (NP) with the keywords “Chikungunya” and (i) “fever, or arthralgia, or rash, or myalgia, or fatigue, or depression, or insomnia, or pruritus, or patches, nausea, or vomiting, or headache, or erythema or hair loss” and (ii) some organs or tissues that are target to the arboviral alphaviruses associated with this disease. The total number of articles with the keyword “chikungunya” was 3176. Fever was the most cited symptoms and 50% of the publications were related to this symptom. Also, hair loss was found to be associated with CHIKV infection. Skin being the most cited organ, the total number of publications with “skin” under chikungunya summed up to only 2.77%. Although, fever is the most reported, arthralgia and rash have an important NP, and (ii) the main targets of CHIKV would be skin, kidneys and brain. A small NP is found with CHIK and hair loss. Hair loss may be idiopathic, and would be associated with a genetic predisposition, metabolic and hormonal abnormalities and aging. Also, as hair does not have a vital function in humans, it is possible to say that hair loss could not be considered in the clinical evaluation of the patient with CHIK. It is therefore possible to conclude that occurrence of hair loss is underestimated in CHIK.
{"title":"Could Hair Loss be a Relevant Symptom Associated with Chikungunya?","authors":"Danúbia Sá-Caput, Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos, E. Guedes-Aguiar, R. Carvalho-Lima, Severo de Paoli, Danielle Soares Morel, I. Bastos, Clailson H. A. Farias, Cláudia F. Figueiredo, Glenda Dias, É. H. Frederico, M. B. Filho","doi":"10.17140/tcoj-2-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/tcoj-2-106","url":null,"abstract":"Chikungunya (CHIK) is a disease caused by a mosquito-borne alphavirus (the mosquitos Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus). The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is present all over the world. Several clinical symptoms have been associated with CHIK including hair loss. The aim of this review is to present some symptoms related to CHIK, tissues and organs targeted by the CHIKV and to suggest how the infection can lead to hair loss. Searches were performed to verify the number of publications (NP) with the keywords “Chikungunya” and (i) “fever, or arthralgia, or rash, or myalgia, or fatigue, or depression, or insomnia, or pruritus, or patches, nausea, or vomiting, or headache, or erythema or hair loss” and (ii) some organs or tissues that are target to the arboviral alphaviruses associated with this disease. The total number of articles with the keyword “chikungunya” was 3176. Fever was the most cited symptoms and 50% of the publications were related to this symptom. Also, hair loss was found to be associated with CHIKV infection. Skin being the most cited organ, the total number of publications with “skin” under chikungunya summed up to only 2.77%. Although, fever is the most reported, arthralgia and rash have an important NP, and (ii) the main targets of CHIKV would be skin, kidneys and brain. A small NP is found with CHIK and hair loss. Hair loss may be idiopathic, and would be associated with a genetic predisposition, metabolic and hormonal abnormalities and aging. Also, as hair does not have a vital function in humans, it is possible to say that hair loss could not be considered in the clinical evaluation of the patient with CHIK. It is therefore possible to conclude that occurrence of hair loss is underestimated in CHIK.","PeriodicalId":189690,"journal":{"name":"Trichology and Cosmetology – Open Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115252301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aging is the inevitable unavoidable process that we need to combat by modernized technology. Collagen starts to fall off yielding a sagging and drooping skin, elastin declines. Despite everyone’s skin will age differently. Cosmetic industry started since long time to find different ways; however the idea of non-surgical approaches surfaced on heavily in all possible forms. No one wish to go under the knife anymore. All want the non-surgical with no down times.
{"title":"Mesotherapy Cocktails Can be the Secrecy for Youthful Keeping","authors":"Ebtisam Elghblawi","doi":"10.17140/tcoj-2-e003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/tcoj-2-e003","url":null,"abstract":"Aging is the inevitable unavoidable process that we need to combat by modernized technology. Collagen starts to fall off yielding a sagging and drooping skin, elastin declines. Despite everyone’s skin will age differently. Cosmetic industry started since long time to find different ways; however the idea of non-surgical approaches surfaced on heavily in all possible forms. No one wish to go under the knife anymore. All want the non-surgical with no down times.","PeriodicalId":189690,"journal":{"name":"Trichology and Cosmetology – Open Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121505324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bier Spots are small, light, irregular, hypopigmented and transient macules, usually found on the upper and lower extremities of young adults, in which the intervening skin may seem ertyhematous but blanches with pressure so that these light macules disappear. This is a benign physiologic vascular anomaly of no clinical significance. We present, the case of a 33-year-old man with Bier spots on face associated with insomnia, alopecia areata, epilepsy, and deep venous thrombosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report that presented with Bier spots on the face
{"title":"Bier Spots on the Face: The First Case Report","authors":"H. Yıldız, Huseyin Saman","doi":"10.17140/tcoj-1-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/tcoj-1-102","url":null,"abstract":"Bier Spots are small, light, irregular, hypopigmented and transient macules, usually found on the upper and lower extremities of young adults, in which the intervening skin may seem ertyhematous but blanches with pressure so that these light macules disappear. This is a benign physiologic vascular anomaly of no clinical significance. We present, the case of a 33-year-old man with Bier spots on face associated with insomnia, alopecia areata, epilepsy, and deep venous thrombosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report that presented with Bier spots on the face","PeriodicalId":189690,"journal":{"name":"Trichology and Cosmetology – Open Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115885298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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