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LAP1 squeezes out ahead LAP1 遥遥领先
IF 78.5 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00551-z
Gabrielle Brewer
In this study, Jung-Garcia et al. use in vitro and in vivo modelling to demonstrate the role of LAP1 in promoting melanoma cell invasion and highlight its link to metastatic dissemination.
在这项研究中,Jung-Garcia 等人利用体外和体内模型证明了 LAP1 在促进黑色素瘤细胞侵袭中的作用,并强调了它与转移扩散的联系。
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引用次数: 0
Therapeutic targeting of tumour myeloid cells 以肿瘤髓系细胞为治疗目标
IF 78.5 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00546-2
Simon T. Barry, Dmitry I. Gabrilovich, Owen J. Sansom, Andrew D. Campbell, Jennifer P. Morton
Myeloid cells are pivotal within the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. The accumulation of tumour-modified myeloid cells derived from monocytes or neutrophils — termed ‘myeloid-derived suppressor cells’ — and tumour-associated macrophages is associated with poor outcome and resistance to treatments such as chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Unfortunately, there has been little success in large-scale clinical trials of myeloid cell modulators, and only a few distinct strategies have been used to target suppressive myeloid cells clinically so far. Preclinical and translational studies have now elucidated specific functions for different myeloid cell subpopulations within the tumour microenvironment, revealing context-specific roles of different myeloid cell populations in disease progression and influencing response to therapy. To improve the success of myeloid cell-targeted therapies, it will be important to target tumour types and patient subsets in which myeloid cells represent the dominant driver of therapy resistance, as well as to determine the most efficacious treatment regimens and combination partners. This Review discusses what we can learn from work with the first generation of myeloid modulators and highlights recent developments in modelling context-specific roles for different myeloid cell subtypes, which can ultimately inform how to drive more successful clinical trials. Myeloid cells in the tumour microenvironment strongly influence tumour progression, and targeting these cells has been a key clinical focus. In this Review, Barry et al. discuss preclinical and clinical data on myeloid-targeting therapies, with a focus on how understanding context-specific effects might aid the design of successful clinical trials for these drugs.
髓系细胞在免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境中起着关键作用。来自单核细胞或中性粒细胞的肿瘤修饰髓系细胞(称为 "髓源性抑制细胞")和肿瘤相关巨噬细胞的聚集与不良预后以及对化疗和免疫检查点抑制剂等治疗的耐药性有关。遗憾的是,髓系细胞调节剂的大规模临床试验几乎没有取得成功,迄今为止,临床上仅使用了几种不同的策略来靶向抑制性髓系细胞。临床前和转化研究现已阐明了肿瘤微环境中不同髓系细胞亚群的特定功能,揭示了不同髓系细胞群在疾病进展和影响治疗反应中的特异性作用。为了提高髓系细胞靶向疗法的成功率,必须针对髓系细胞是耐药性主要驱动因素的肿瘤类型和患者亚群,并确定最有效的治疗方案和联合治疗伙伴。本综述将讨论我们能从第一代髓系调节剂的工作中学到什么,并重点介绍在模拟不同髓系细胞亚型的特异性作用方面的最新进展,最终为如何推动更成功的临床试验提供信息。肿瘤微环境中的髓样细胞对肿瘤的进展有很大影响,针对这些细胞的治疗一直是临床研究的重点。在这篇综述中,Barry 等人讨论了髓样细胞靶向疗法的临床前和临床数据,重点是了解特异性环境效应如何有助于设计这些药物的成功临床试验。
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引用次数: 16
T cells feed into cancer immune escape T 细胞为癌症免疫逃逸提供营养
IF 78.5 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00550-0
Daniela Senft
This study shows how the selective immune pressure in early-stage tumours drives interferon-γ-dependent metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells to mediate immune escape.
这项研究表明,早期肿瘤中的选择性免疫压力是如何驱动癌细胞进行干扰素-γ依赖性代谢重编程,从而介导免疫逃逸的。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanisms driving the immunoregulatory function of cancer cells 驱动癌细胞免疫调节功能的机制
IF 78.5 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00544-4
Antoinette van Weverwijk, Karin E. de Visser
Tumours display an astonishing variation in the spatial distribution, composition and activation state of immune cells, which impacts their progression and response to immunotherapy. Shedding light on the mechanisms that govern the diversity and function of immune cells in the tumour microenvironment will pave the way for the development of more tailored immunomodulatory strategies for the benefit of patients with cancer. Cancer cells, by virtue of their paracrine and juxtacrine communication mechanisms, are key contributors to intertumour heterogeneity in immune contextures. In this Review, we discuss how cancer cell-intrinsic features, including (epi)genetic aberrations, signalling pathway deregulation and altered metabolism, play a key role in orchestrating the composition and functional state of the immune landscape, and influence the therapeutic benefit of immunomodulatory strategies. Moreover, we highlight how targeting cancer cell-intrinsic parameters or their downstream immunoregulatory pathways is a viable strategy to manipulate the tumour immune milieu in favour of antitumour immunity. This Review outlines how the profound intertumoural heterogeneity in immune landscapes of tumours is shaped by cancer cell-intrinsic alterations and highlights how the crosstalk between these two continuously evolving systems not only challenges therapy success of immunomodulatory drugs but also provides the basis for new therapeutic strategies to overcome immune evasion.
肿瘤在免疫细胞的空间分布、组成和活化状态方面表现出惊人的差异,这影响着肿瘤的发展和对免疫疗法的反应。研究肿瘤微环境中免疫细胞多样性和功能的机制,将为开发更有针对性的免疫调节策略、造福癌症患者铺平道路。癌细胞凭借其旁分泌和并分泌通讯机制,是造成免疫环境中肿瘤间异质性的关键因素。在本综述中,我们将讨论癌细胞的内在特征,包括(外)遗传畸变、信号通路失调和代谢改变,如何在协调免疫环境的组成和功能状态方面发挥关键作用,并影响免疫调节策略的治疗效果。此外,我们还强调了针对癌细胞内在参数或其下游免疫调节途径是如何操纵肿瘤免疫环境以促进抗肿瘤免疫的一种可行策略。本综述概述了肿瘤免疫环境的深刻瘤间异质性是如何被癌细胞内在改变所塑造的,并强调了这两个不断演变的系统之间的串扰不仅对免疫调节药物的治疗成功提出了挑战,而且还为克服免疫逃避的新治疗策略提供了基础。
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引用次数: 27
Acetyl-CoA metabolism in cancer 癌症中的乙酰辅酶A代谢。
IF 78.5 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00543-5
David A. Guertin, Kathryn E. Wellen
Few metabolites can claim a more central and versatile role in cell metabolism than acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). Acetyl-CoA is produced during nutrient catabolism to fuel the tricarboxylic acid cycle and is the essential building block for fatty acid and isoprenoid biosynthesis. It also functions as a signalling metabolite as the substrate for lysine acetylation reactions, enabling the modulation of protein functions in response to acetyl-CoA availability. Recent years have seen exciting advances in our understanding of acetyl-CoA metabolism in normal physiology and in cancer, buoyed by new mouse models, in vivo stable-isotope tracing approaches and improved methods for measuring acetyl-CoA, including in specific subcellular compartments. Efforts to target acetyl-CoA metabolic enzymes are also advancing, with one therapeutic agent targeting acetyl-CoA synthesis receiving approval from the US Food and Drug Administration. In this Review, we give an overview of the regulation and cancer relevance of major metabolic pathways in which acetyl-CoA participates. We further discuss recent advances in understanding acetyl-CoA metabolism in normal tissues and tumours and the potential for targeting these pathways therapeutically. We conclude with a commentary on emerging nodes of acetyl-CoA metabolism that may impact cancer biology. Acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is a key metabolite in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and plays a role in signalling through protein acetylation, and the dysregulation of these pathways is a hallmark of various cancers. In this Review, Guertin and Wellen give an overview of acetyl-CoA metabolism in health and in cancer and discuss emerging therapeutic strategies for targeting metabolic pathways involving acetyl-CoA.
很少有代谢产物能比乙酰辅酶a(乙酰辅酶a)在细胞代谢中发挥更重要和更广泛的作用。乙酰辅酶A是在营养分解代谢过程中产生的,为三羧酸循环提供燃料,是脂肪酸和类异戊二烯生物合成的重要组成部分。它还作为赖氨酸乙酰化反应的底物发挥信号代谢产物的作用,从而能够调节蛋白质功能以响应乙酰辅酶a的可用性。近年来,我们对正常生理学和癌症中乙酰基-CoA代谢的理解取得了令人兴奋的进展,这得益于新的小鼠模型、体内稳定同位素追踪方法和改进的乙酰基-CoA测量方法,包括在特定的亚细胞区室中。靶向乙酰辅酶A代谢酶的努力也在推进,一种靶向乙酰CoA合成的治疗剂获得了美国食品药品监督管理局的批准。在这篇综述中,我们概述了乙酰-CoA参与的主要代谢途径的调节和癌症相关性。我们进一步讨论了了解正常组织和肿瘤中乙酰辅酶A代谢的最新进展,以及针对这些途径进行治疗的潜力。最后,我们对可能影响癌症生物学的新出现的乙酰-CoA代谢节点进行了评论。
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引用次数: 20
Leptin fuels non-genetic skin tumour progression 瘦素助长非遗传性皮肤肿瘤的发展
IF 78.5 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00548-8
Daniela Senft
To understand malignant progression, Yuan et al. delineate the complex crosstalk between cancer stem cells and their microenvironment that is initiated by oncogenic RAS.
为了了解恶性进展,Yuan 等人描述了由致癌物质 RAS 引发的癌症干细胞与其微环境之间的复杂串扰。
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引用次数: 0
RNA splicing dysregulation and the hallmarks of cancer RNA 剪接失调与癌症特征
IF 78.5 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00541-7
Robert K. Bradley, Olga Anczuków
Dysregulated RNA splicing is a molecular feature that characterizes almost all tumour types. Cancer-associated splicing alterations arise from both recurrent mutations and altered expression of trans-acting factors governing splicing catalysis and regulation. Cancer-associated splicing dysregulation can promote tumorigenesis via diverse mechanisms, contributing to increased cell proliferation, decreased apoptosis, enhanced migration and metastatic potential, resistance to chemotherapy and evasion of immune surveillance. Recent studies have identified specific cancer-associated isoforms that play critical roles in cancer cell transformation and growth and demonstrated the therapeutic benefits of correcting or otherwise antagonizing such cancer-associated mRNA isoforms. Clinical-grade small molecules that modulate or inhibit RNA splicing have similarly been developed as promising anticancer therapeutics. Here, we review splicing alterations characteristic of cancer cell transcriptomes, dysregulated splicing’s contributions to tumour initiation and progression, and existing and emerging approaches for targeting splicing for cancer therapy. Finally, we discuss the outstanding questions and challenges that must be addressed to translate these findings into the clinic. This Review discusses the diverse ways in which cancer-associated RNA splicing dysregulation promotes tumour initiation and progression, existing and emerging approaches for targeting splicing for cancer therapy and outstanding questions and challenges in the field.
RNA 剪接失调是几乎所有肿瘤类型的分子特征。癌症相关的剪接改变既来自复发性突变,也来自管理剪接催化和调控的反式作用因子的表达改变。癌症相关剪接失调可通过多种机制促进肿瘤发生,导致细胞增殖增加、凋亡减少、迁移和转移潜力增强、抗化疗和逃避免疫监视。最近的研究确定了在癌细胞转化和生长中发挥关键作用的特定癌症相关同工酶,并证明了纠正或以其他方式拮抗此类癌症相关 mRNA 同工酶的治疗效果。同样,调节或抑制 RNA 剪接的临床级小分子也已被开发为有前景的抗癌疗法。在此,我们回顾了癌细胞转录组特有的剪接改变、剪接失调对肿瘤发生和发展的影响,以及现有和新兴的靶向剪接治疗癌症的方法。最后,我们讨论了将这些发现转化为临床治疗所必须解决的悬而未决的问题和挑战。本综述讨论了癌症相关 RNA 剪接失调促进肿瘤发生和发展的各种方式、针对剪接治疗癌症的现有和新兴方法以及该领域的未决问题和挑战。
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引用次数: 22
STAT proteins in cancer: orchestration of metabolism 癌症中的 STAT 蛋白:协调新陈代谢
IF 78.5 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00537-3
Yi-Jia Li, Chunyan Zhang, Antons Martincuks, Andreas Herrmann, Hua Yu
Reprogrammed metabolism is a hallmark of cancer. However, the metabolic dependency of cancer, from tumour initiation through disease progression and therapy resistance, requires a spectrum of distinct reprogrammed cellular metabolic pathways. These pathways include aerobic glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, reactive oxygen species generation, de novo lipid synthesis, fatty acid β-oxidation, amino acid (notably glutamine) metabolism and mitochondrial metabolism. This Review highlights the central roles of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins, notably STAT3, STAT5, STAT6 and STAT1, in orchestrating the highly dynamic metabolism not only of cancer cells but also of immune cells and adipocytes in the tumour microenvironment. STAT proteins are able to shape distinct metabolic processes that regulate tumour progression and therapy resistance by transducing signals from metabolites, cytokines, growth factors and their receptors; defining genetic programmes that regulate a wide range of molecules involved in orchestration of metabolism in cancer and immune cells; and regulating mitochondrial activity at multiple levels, including energy metabolism and lipid-mediated mitochondrial integrity. Given the central role of STAT proteins in regulation of metabolic states, they are potential therapeutic targets for altering metabolic reprogramming in cancer. Reprogrammed metabolism is a hallmark of cancer. Here, Li, Zhang and colleagues describe how signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins alter cancer cell metabolism by sensing and transducing signals from the tumour environment and modulating signalling pathways, transcription factors, mitochondrial proteins and enzymes.
新陈代谢重编程是癌症的一个标志。然而,癌症的代谢依赖性,从肿瘤发生到疾病进展和耐药性,需要一系列不同的重编程细胞代谢途径。这些途径包括有氧糖酵解、氧化磷酸化、活性氧生成、新脂质合成、脂肪酸β-氧化、氨基酸(特别是谷氨酰胺)代谢和线粒体代谢。本综述强调了信号转导和激活转录(STAT)蛋白,特别是 STAT3、STAT5、STAT6 和 STAT1 在协调肿瘤微环境中癌细胞、免疫细胞和脂肪细胞高度动态的新陈代谢中的核心作用。STAT 蛋白能够通过以下方式形成调节肿瘤进展和耐药性的独特代谢过程:传递来自代谢物、细胞因子、生长因子及其受体的信号;确定基因程序,以调节参与协调癌症和免疫细胞代谢的各种分子;以及在多个水平上调节线粒体活性,包括能量代谢和脂质介导的线粒体完整性。鉴于 STAT 蛋白在调节代谢状态中的核心作用,它们是改变癌症代谢重编程的潜在治疗靶点。代谢重编程是癌症的一个特征。在这里,李、张及其同事描述了信号转导和激活转录(STAT)蛋白如何通过感知和传递来自肿瘤环境的信号以及调节信号通路、转录因子、线粒体蛋白和酶来改变癌细胞的新陈代谢。
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引用次数: 17
Dendritic cells rise and shine 树突状细胞崛起并大放异彩
IF 78.5 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00545-3
Joseph Willson
In a study in Nature, Wang et al. describe how circadian rhythms can impact tumour suppression through their effects on dendritic cells, a finding that could help to optimize clinical trials of cancer immunotherapies.
在《自然》杂志的一项研究中,Wang 等人描述了昼夜节律如何通过对树突状细胞的影响来抑制肿瘤,这一发现有助于优化癌症免疫疗法的临床试验。
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引用次数: 0
Author Correction: Learning to distinguish progressive and non-progressive ductal carcinoma in situ 作者更正:学会区分进展性和非进展性导管原位癌
IF 78.5 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00542-6
Anna K. Casasent, Mathilde M. Almekinders, Charlotta Mulder, Proteeti Bhattacharjee, Deborah Collyar, Alastair M. Thompson, Jos Jonkers, Esther H. Lips, Jacco van Rheenen, E. Shelley Hwang, Serena Nik-Zainal, Nicholas E. Navin, Jelle Wesseling, Grand Challenge PRECISION Consortium
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Nature Reviews Cancer
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