Sleep-wake disorder is one of the most common nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Melatonin has the potential to improve sleep-wake disorder, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. Our data showed that melatonin only improved the motor and sleep-wake behavior of a zebrafish PD model when melatonin receptor 1 was present. Thus, we explored the underlying mechanisms by applying a rotenone model. After the PD zebrafish model was induced by 10 nmol/L rotenone, the motor and sleep-wake behavior were assessed. In situ hybridization and real-time quantitative PCR were used to detect the expression of melatonin receptors and lipid-metabolism-related genes. In the PD model, we found abnormal lipid metabolism, which was reversed by melatonin. This may be one of the main pathways for improving PD sleep-wake disorder.
{"title":"Melatonin Ameliorates Abnormal Sleep-Wake Behavior via Facilitating Lipid Metabolism in a Zebrafish Model of Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"Meng-Zhu Pang, Han-Xing Li, Xue-Qin Dai, Xiao-Bo Wang, Jun-Yi Liu, Yun Shen, Xing Xu, Zhao-Min Zhong, Han Wang, Chun-Feng Liu, Fen Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01299-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-024-01299-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sleep-wake disorder is one of the most common nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Melatonin has the potential to improve sleep-wake disorder, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. Our data showed that melatonin only improved the motor and sleep-wake behavior of a zebrafish PD model when melatonin receptor 1 was present. Thus, we explored the underlying mechanisms by applying a rotenone model. After the PD zebrafish model was induced by 10 nmol/L rotenone, the motor and sleep-wake behavior were assessed. <i>In situ</i> hybridization and real-time quantitative PCR were used to detect the expression of melatonin receptors and lipid-metabolism-related genes. In the PD model, we found abnormal lipid metabolism, which was reversed by melatonin. This may be one of the main pathways for improving PD sleep-wake disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The oxytocin receptor (OXTR) has garnered increasing attention for its role in regulating both mature behaviors and brain development. It has been established that OXTR mediates a range of effects that are region-specific or period-specific. However, the current studies of OXTR expression patterns in mice only provide limited help due to limitations in resolution. Therefore, our objective was to generate a comprehensive, high-resolution spatiotemporal expression map of Oxtr mRNA across the entire developing mouse brain. We applied RNAscope in situ hybridization to investigate the spatiotemporal expression pattern of Oxtr in the brains of male mice at six distinct postnatal developmental stages (P7, P14, P21, P28, P42, P56). We provide detailed descriptions of Oxtr expression patterns in key brain regions, including the cortex, basal forebrain, hippocampus, and amygdaloid complex, with a focus on the precise localization of Oxtr+ cells and the variance of expression between different neurons. Furthermore, we identified some neuronal populations with high Oxtr expression levels that have been little studied, including glutamatergic neurons in the ventral dentate gyrus, Vgat+Oxtr+ cells in the basal forebrain, and GABAergic neurons in layers 4/5 of the cortex. Our study provides a novel perspective for understanding the distribution of Oxtr and encourages further investigations into its functions.
{"title":"Spatiotemporal Mapping of the Oxytocin Receptor at Single-Cell Resolution in the Postnatally Developing Mouse Brain","authors":"Hao Li, Ying Li, Ting Wang, Shen Li, Heli Liu, Shuyi Ning, Wei Shen, Zhe Zhao, Haitao Wu","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01296-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-024-01296-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The oxytocin receptor (OXTR) has garnered increasing attention for its role in regulating both mature behaviors and brain development. It has been established that OXTR mediates a range of effects that are region-specific or period-specific. However, the current studies of OXTR expression patterns in mice only provide limited help due to limitations in resolution. Therefore, our objective was to generate a comprehensive, high-resolution spatiotemporal expression map of <i>Oxtr</i> mRNA across the entire developing mouse brain. We applied RNAscope <i>in situ</i> hybridization to investigate the spatiotemporal expression pattern of <i>Oxtr</i> in the brains of male mice at six distinct postnatal developmental stages (P7, P14, P21, P28, P42, P56). We provide detailed descriptions of <i>Oxtr</i> expression patterns in key brain regions, including the cortex, basal forebrain, hippocampus, and amygdaloid complex, with a focus on the precise localization of <i>Oxtr</i><sup>+</sup> cells and the variance of expression between different neurons. Furthermore, we identified some neuronal populations with high <i>Oxtr</i> expression levels that have been little studied, including glutamatergic neurons in the ventral dentate gyrus, <i>Vgat</i><sup>+</sup><i>Oxtr</i><sup>+</sup> cells in the basal forebrain, and GABAergic neurons in layers 4/5 of the cortex. Our study provides a novel perspective for understanding the distribution of <i>Oxtr</i> and encourages further investigations into its functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01272-5
Ksenia Skobeleva, Guanghui Wang, Elena Kaznacheyeva
Stromal interaction molecules (STIM)s are Ca2+ sensors in internal Ca2+ stores of the endoplasmic reticulum. They activate the store-operated Ca2+ channels, which are the main source of Ca2+ entry in non-excitable cells. Moreover, STIM proteins interact with other Ca2+ channel subunits and active transporters, making STIMs an important intermediate molecule in orchestrating a wide variety of Ca2+ influxes into excitable cells. Nevertheless, little is known about the role of STIM proteins in brain functioning. Being involved in many signaling pathways, STIMs replenish internal Ca2+ stores in neurons and mediate synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability. Ca2+ dyshomeostasis is a signature of many pathological conditions of the brain, including neurodegenerative diseases, injuries, stroke, and epilepsy. STIMs play a role in these disturbances not only by supporting abnormal store-operated Ca2+ entry but also by regulating Ca2+ influx through other channels. Here, we review the present knowledge of STIMs in neurons and their involvement in brain pathology.
{"title":"STIM Proteins: The Gas and Brake of Calcium Entry in Neurons","authors":"Ksenia Skobeleva, Guanghui Wang, Elena Kaznacheyeva","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01272-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-024-01272-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stromal interaction molecules (STIM)s are Ca<sup>2+</sup> sensors in internal Ca<sup>2+</sup> stores of the endoplasmic reticulum. They activate the store-operated Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels, which are the main source of Ca<sup>2+</sup> entry in non-excitable cells. Moreover, STIM proteins interact with other Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel subunits and active transporters, making STIMs an important intermediate molecule in orchestrating a wide variety of Ca<sup>2+</sup> influxes into excitable cells. Nevertheless, little is known about the role of STIM proteins in brain functioning. Being involved in many signaling pathways, STIMs replenish internal Ca<sup>2+</sup> stores in neurons and mediate synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability. Ca<sup>2+</sup> dyshomeostasis is a signature of many pathological conditions of the brain, including neurodegenerative diseases, injuries, stroke, and epilepsy. STIMs play a role in these disturbances not only by supporting abnormal store-operated Ca<sup>2+</sup> entry but also by regulating Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx through other channels. Here, we review the present knowledge of STIMs in neurons and their involvement in brain pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01298-9
Xiaonan Guo, Lizichen Chen, Jianbo Lai, Shaohua Hu
{"title":"Constructing A Theoretical Model to Bridge Neural Transition with a State Switch in Bipolar Disorder","authors":"Xiaonan Guo, Lizichen Chen, Jianbo Lai, Shaohua Hu","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01298-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-024-01298-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01294-z
Shihao Huang, Xiaoxing Liu, Zhonghao Li, Yue Si, Liping Yang, Jiahui Deng, Yixiao Luo, Yan-Xue Xue, Lin Lu
Persistent and maladaptive drug-related memories represent a key component in drug addiction. Converging evidence from both preclinical and clinical studies has demonstrated the potential efficacy of the memory reconsolidation updating procedure (MRUP), a non-pharmacological strategy intertwining two distinct memory processes: reconsolidation and extinction—alternatively termed “the memory retrieval-extinction procedure”. This procedure presents a promising approach to attenuate, if not erase, entrenched drug memories and prevent relapse. The present review delineates the applications, molecular underpinnings, and operational boundaries of MRUP in the context of various forms of substance dependence. Furthermore, we critically examine the methodological limitations of MRUP, postulating potential refinement to optimize its therapeutic efficacy. In addition, we also look at the potential integration of MRUP and neurostimulation treatments in the domain of substance addiction. Overall, existing studies underscore the significant potential of MRUP, suggesting that interventions predicated on it could herald a promising avenue to enhance clinical outcomes in substance addiction therapy.
{"title":"Memory Reconsolidation Updating in Substance Addiction: Applications, Mechanisms, and Future Prospects for Clinical Therapeutics","authors":"Shihao Huang, Xiaoxing Liu, Zhonghao Li, Yue Si, Liping Yang, Jiahui Deng, Yixiao Luo, Yan-Xue Xue, Lin Lu","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01294-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-024-01294-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Persistent and maladaptive drug-related memories represent a key component in drug addiction. Converging evidence from both preclinical and clinical studies has demonstrated the potential efficacy of the memory reconsolidation updating procedure (MRUP), a non-pharmacological strategy intertwining two distinct memory processes: reconsolidation and extinction—alternatively termed “the memory retrieval-extinction procedure”. This procedure presents a promising approach to attenuate, if not erase, entrenched drug memories and prevent relapse. The present review delineates the applications, molecular underpinnings, and operational boundaries of MRUP in the context of various forms of substance dependence. Furthermore, we critically examine the methodological limitations of MRUP, postulating potential refinement to optimize its therapeutic efficacy. In addition, we also look at the potential integration of MRUP and neurostimulation treatments in the domain of substance addiction. Overall, existing studies underscore the significant potential of MRUP, suggesting that interventions predicated on it could herald a promising avenue to enhance clinical outcomes in substance addiction therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01290-3
Yuxiang Luo, Weiying Wu, Zhihua Gao
{"title":"Unlocking the Mysteries of the Subcommissural Organ: A Patron Saint of Neuronal Development.","authors":"Yuxiang Luo, Weiying Wu, Zhihua Gao","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01290-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-024-01290-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-04DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01277-0
Yanjiang Liu, Xi Liu, Yousheng Shu, Yuguo Yu
In neurons and myocytes, selective ion channels in the plasma membrane play a pivotal role in transducing chemical or sensory stimuli into electrical signals, underpinning neural and cardiac functionality. Recent advancements in biomedical research have increasingly spotlighted the interaction between ion channels and electromagnetic fields, especially terahertz (THz) radiation. This review synthesizes current findings on the impact of THz radiation, known for its deep penetration and non-ionizing properties, on ion channel kinetics and membrane fluid dynamics. It is organized into three parts: the biophysical effects of THz exposure on cells, the specific modulation of ion channels by THz radiation, and the potential pathophysiological consequences of THz exposure. Understanding the biophysical mechanisms underlying these effects could lead to new therapeutic strategies for diseases.
{"title":"Progress of the Impact of Terahertz Radiation on Ion Channel Kinetics in Neuronal Cells.","authors":"Yanjiang Liu, Xi Liu, Yousheng Shu, Yuguo Yu","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01277-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-024-01277-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In neurons and myocytes, selective ion channels in the plasma membrane play a pivotal role in transducing chemical or sensory stimuli into electrical signals, underpinning neural and cardiac functionality. Recent advancements in biomedical research have increasingly spotlighted the interaction between ion channels and electromagnetic fields, especially terahertz (THz) radiation. This review synthesizes current findings on the impact of THz radiation, known for its deep penetration and non-ionizing properties, on ion channel kinetics and membrane fluid dynamics. It is organized into three parts: the biophysical effects of THz exposure on cells, the specific modulation of ion channels by THz radiation, and the potential pathophysiological consequences of THz exposure. Understanding the biophysical mechanisms underlying these effects could lead to new therapeutic strategies for diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}