Pub Date : 2022-11-01Epub Date: 2022-07-07DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2022.2091676
P A Donati, L Tarragona, I Sandez Cordero, D Alzate, P E Otero
Aims: To evaluate the echocardiographic variable tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion normalised to body weight (TAPSEnorm) as a predictor of fluid responsiveness in hospitalised dogs with haemodynamic and tissue perfusion alterations and to investigate the association of left ventricular internal diameter in diastole normalised to body weight (LVIDdN) and aortic velocity time integral (VTIAo) with TAPSEnorm.
Methods: A single-centre, prospective study was carried out in a cohort of spontaneously breathing dogs, hospitalised for any reason, with severe haemodynamic and tissue perfusion alterations. The echocardiographic variables TAPSEnorm, LVIDdN, and VTIAO were measured. A bolus of 30 mL/kg of lactated Ringer's solution was administered and then VTIAo was subsequently remeasured. Patients were classified as fluid responsive if VTIAo increased by ≥15% after fluid expansion, or non-responsive if VTIAo increased by <15% after fluid expansion. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was generated to evaluate the ability of TAPSE to predict fluid responsiveness. Simple regression models were used to assess the linear relationship between TAPSEnorm and LVIDdN or VTIAO.
Results: TAPSEnorm was lower in fluid responsive dogs (mean 0.57 (95% CI = 0.50-0.64) cm/kg) compared to non-responsive dogs (mean 0.76 (95% CI = 0.62-0.90) cm/kg). The AUROC for TAPSEnorm was 0.827 (95% CI = 0.65-1.00). The optimal cut-off point was 0.76 with sensitivity of 80 (95% CI = 28.4-99.5)% and specificity of 86.7 (95% CI = 69.3-99.2)%, positive predictive value of 50 (95% CI = 15.7-84.3)% and negative predictive value of 96.3 (95% CI = 81-99.9)%. A monotonic linear relationship was observed between TAPSEnorm and LVIDdN (p<0.001) and between TAPSEnorm and VTIAo (p=0.001).
Conclusions and clinical relevance: TAPSEnorm could be useful in determining those dogs that are likely to respond to a fluid bolus from those that are likely to be non-responsive. Additionally, a positive linear association between the LVIDdN and the TAPSEnorm suggests that TAPSEnorm decreases at lower preload values. The present study results suggest that TAPSEnorm could be a valuable tool for evaluating blood volume status and fluid responsiveness in hospitalised dogs.Abbreviations: AUROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic; CO: Cardiac output; ICC: Intraclass correlation coefficient; LVIDd: Left ventricular internal diameter in diastole; LVIDdN: Left ventricular internal diameter in diastole normalised to body weight; TAPSE: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TAPSEnorm: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion normalised to body weight; VTIAo: Aortic velocity time integral.
目的:评价超声心动图变量三尖瓣环平面收缩期偏移与体重的关系(TAPSEnorm)作为血流动力学和组织灌注改变的住院犬的液体反应性预测指标,并探讨与体重关系的舒张期左心室内径(LVIDdN)和主动脉速度时间积分(VTIAo)与TAPSEnorm的关系。方法:在一组自发呼吸的狗中进行了一项单中心前瞻性研究,这些狗因任何原因住院,有严重的血流动力学和组织灌注改变。测量超声心动图变量TAPSEnorm、LVIDdN和VTIAO。给药30 mL/kg乳酸林格氏液,然后重新测量VTIAo。如果液体膨胀后VTIAo增加≥15%,则将患者分类为液体反应性,如果VTIAo因AO而增加,则将患者分类为无反应性。结果:液体反应犬的TAPSEnorm(平均0.57 (95% CI = 0.50-0.64) cm/kg)低于无反应犬(平均0.76 (95% CI = 0.62-0.90) cm/kg)。TAPSEnorm的AUROC为0.827 (95% CI = 0.65-1.00)。最佳分界点为0.76,敏感性80 (95% CI = 28.4-99.5)%,特异性86.7 (95% CI = 69.3-99.2)%,阳性预测值50 (95% CI = 15.7-84.3)%,阴性预测值96.3 (95% CI = 81-99.9)%。TAPSEnorm与LVIDdN呈单调线性关系(p=0.001)。结论和临床意义:TAPSEnorm可用于确定哪些犬可能对液体丸有反应,哪些犬可能无反应。此外,LVIDdN和TAPSEnorm之间的正线性关系表明,TAPSEnorm在较低的预载值下降低。目前的研究结果表明,TAPSEnorm可能是评估住院犬的血容量状态和液体反应性的有价值的工具。缩写:AUROC:接收机工作特性下的面积;CO:心输出量;ICC:类内相关系数;LVIDd:舒张时左心室内径;LVIDdN:舒张期左心室内径与体重关系正常化;TAPSE:三尖瓣环状平面收缩偏移;TAPSEnorm:三尖瓣环状平面收缩偏移与体重归一化;VTIAo:主动脉速度积分。
{"title":"Relationship between tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, fluid responsiveness and volume status in hospitalised dogs with circulatory abnormalities.","authors":"P A Donati, L Tarragona, I Sandez Cordero, D Alzate, P E Otero","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2022.2091676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2022.2091676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate the echocardiographic variable tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion normalised to body weight (TAPSEnorm) as a predictor of fluid responsiveness in hospitalised dogs with haemodynamic and tissue perfusion alterations and to investigate the association of left ventricular internal diameter in diastole normalised to body weight (LVIDdN) and aortic velocity time integral (VTI<sub>Ao</sub>) with TAPSEnorm.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-centre, prospective study was carried out in a cohort of spontaneously breathing dogs, hospitalised for any reason, with severe haemodynamic and tissue perfusion alterations. The echocardiographic variables TAPSEnorm, LVIDdN, and VTI<sub>AO</sub> were measured. A bolus of 30 mL/kg of lactated Ringer's solution was administered and then VTI<sub>Ao</sub> was subsequently remeasured. Patients were classified as fluid responsive if VTI<sub>Ao</sub> increased by ≥15% after fluid expansion, or non-responsive if VTI<sub>Ao</sub> increased by <15% after fluid expansion. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was generated to evaluate the ability of TAPSE to predict fluid responsiveness. Simple regression models were used to assess the linear relationship between TAPSEnorm and LVIDdN or VTI<sub>AO</sub>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TAPSEnorm was lower in fluid responsive dogs (mean 0.57 (95% CI = 0.50-0.64) cm/kg) compared to non-responsive dogs (mean 0.76 (95% CI = 0.62-0.90) cm/kg). The AUROC for TAPSEnorm was 0.827 (95% CI = 0.65-1.00). The optimal cut-off point was 0.76 with sensitivity of 80 (95% CI = 28.4-99.5)% and specificity of 86.7 (95% CI = 69.3-99.2)%, positive predictive value of 50 (95% CI = 15.7-84.3)% and negative predictive value of 96.3 (95% CI = 81-99.9)%. A monotonic linear relationship was observed between TAPSEnorm and LVIDdN (p<0.001) and between TAPSEnorm and VTI<sub>Ao</sub> (p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>TAPSEnorm could be useful in determining those dogs that are likely to respond to a fluid bolus from those that are likely to be non-responsive. Additionally, a positive linear association between the LVIDdN and the TAPSEnorm suggests that TAPSEnorm decreases at lower preload values. The present study results suggest that TAPSEnorm could be a valuable tool for evaluating blood volume status and fluid responsiveness in hospitalised dogs.<b>Abbreviations:</b> AUROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic; CO: Cardiac output; ICC: Intraclass correlation coefficient; LVIDd: Left ventricular internal diameter in diastole; LVIDdN: Left ventricular internal diameter in diastole normalised to body weight; TAPSE: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TAPSEnorm: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion normalised to body weight; VTI<sub>Ao</sub>: Aortic velocity time integral.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40000034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01Epub Date: 2022-09-07DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2022.2114557
D Gluding, T C Häußler, K Büttner, M Kramer, C Peppler
Case history: Medical records from a single veterinary teaching hospital in Giessen, Germany were retrospectively reviewed for dogs presenting with medial or lateral humeral condylar fractures (HCF) between 2007 and 2019. Data regarding surgical technique and complications were collected from the medical records. These were supplemented through information obtained from telephone interviews with referral veterinarians and from an owner questionnaire completed ≥12 months after surgical repair, which also provided data regarding the outcome.
Clinical findings: Eighty dogs with 85 HCF were identified: 13 (15.3%) HCF were medial (bilateral in two dogs) and 72 (84.7%) were lateral (bilateral in three dogs). French Bulldogs (n = 19/80; 23.8%) were most commonly affected. Patients were predominantly skeletally immature and light-weight, with a median age at the time of presentation of 3 (min 2, max 118) months and with a median body weight of 6.4 (min 1, max 46) kg. There were 38 female (47.5%) and 42 male (52.5%) dogs. Fractures developed most frequently secondary to minor trauma (67/77; 87.0%). Dogs were presented in 35/84 (41.7%) cases more than 24 hours after fracture occurrence.
Treatment and outcome: Surgical treatment was performed in 80/85 (94.1%) HCF. An open reduction and internal fixation approach was chosen in all cases. A transcondylar screw (TS) combined with a supracondylar (SC) K-wire (67/80; 83.8%) was the most frequently used fixation technique. Considering all fracture fixation methods, complications (26/80; 32.5%) were classed as minor in 10 (12.5%), major in 14 (17.5%) and catastrophic in two (2.5%) of the 80 surgically treated HCF. Long-term outcome was excellent in 68.6% (24/35 HCF) and very good in 22.9% (8/35 HCF) of the cases for which follow-up information was obtained. Additionally, owner information revealed that 85.7% of dogs (30/35 HCF) were free of lameness in the long-term.
Clinical relevance: This case series demonstrates that surgical repair of lateral and medial HCF with a TS and SC K-wire is a viable option to consider in skeletally immature and light-weight patients. Complications occur frequently after surgical fixation of HCF, but owners can expect a very good to excellent long-term outcome in the majority of cases.
{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of surgical technique, complications and long-term outcome of lateral and medial humeral condylar fractures in 80 dogs.","authors":"D Gluding, T C Häußler, K Büttner, M Kramer, C Peppler","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2022.2114557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2022.2114557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>Medical records from a single veterinary teaching hospital in Giessen, Germany were retrospectively reviewed for dogs presenting with medial or lateral humeral condylar fractures (HCF) between 2007 and 2019. Data regarding surgical technique and complications were collected from the medical records. These were supplemented through information obtained from telephone interviews with referral veterinarians and from an owner questionnaire completed ≥12 months after surgical repair, which also provided data regarding the outcome.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>Eighty dogs with 85 HCF were identified: 13 (15.3%) HCF were medial (bilateral in two dogs) and 72 (84.7%) were lateral (bilateral in three dogs). French Bulldogs (n = 19/80; 23.8%) were most commonly affected. Patients were predominantly skeletally immature and light-weight, with a median age at the time of presentation of 3 (min 2, max 118) months and with a median body weight of 6.4 (min 1, max 46) kg. There were 38 female (47.5%) and 42 male (52.5%) dogs. Fractures developed most frequently secondary to minor trauma (67/77; 87.0%). Dogs were presented in 35/84 (41.7%) cases more than 24 hours after fracture occurrence.</p><p><strong>Treatment and outcome: </strong>Surgical treatment was performed in 80/85 (94.1%) HCF. An open reduction and internal fixation approach was chosen in all cases. A transcondylar screw (TS) combined with a supracondylar (SC) K-wire (67/80; 83.8%) was the most frequently used fixation technique. Considering all fracture fixation methods, complications (26/80; 32.5%) were classed as minor in 10 (12.5%), major in 14 (17.5%) and catastrophic in two (2.5%) of the 80 surgically treated HCF. Long-term outcome was excellent in 68.6% (24/35 HCF) and very good in 22.9% (8/35 HCF) of the cases for which follow-up information was obtained. Additionally, owner information revealed that 85.7% of dogs (30/35 HCF) were free of lameness in the long-term.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This case series demonstrates that surgical repair of lateral and medial HCF with a TS and SC K-wire is a viable option to consider in skeletally immature and light-weight patients. Complications occur frequently after surgical fixation of HCF, but owners can expect a very good to excellent long-term outcome in the majority of cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40617710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2022.2112566
Sonja A Olson
To be alive is to know both pain and joy. Pain may be inevitable, but suffering is optional. Our ubiquitous negativity bias may have many in caregiving roles around the world focused on the negative impacts of compassion fatigue syndrome and/or of burnout in the workplace, particularly over the last 2.5 years since the COVID-19 pandemic impacted every aspect of our lives. However, do you know about compassion satisfaction or about eudaimonia? Keep reading. Veterinary professionals are some of the most intellectually curious, generous, and intuitively caring individuals. Choosing a profession with rigorous and stressful admission criteria and training to then focus their life’s work on caring for non-human species’ health and well-being demonstrates a commitment to compassionate community service. However, the majority of veterinary caregivers would admit that the community they feel compassion for and wish to focus their healing energy on is the veterinary patient, not necessarily the inevitable humans that come with the equation. Herein lies the conundrum: the emotional, physical, and psychological challenges that come with working as a veterinary caregiver are compounded by these necessary human interactions. Preparation and strategies to skilfully navigate these interactions have been historically sparse, but fortunately are growing in curricula, in training programmes, and through professional literature and resource sharing. There is a psychosocial concept that when utilised can support self-efficacy of caregivers during difficult emotional and psychological circumstances: “Name it to tame it.” The human medical community has been actively exploring and researching the myriad of caregiving challenges and potential impacts on caregivers for over 40 years. It is understood that just as the wellbeing of individuals and teams may be compromised by detrimental work factors, so may be the quality of patient care and professional fulfilment for medical professionals. Many of the same work-related concerns such as moral distress, secondary traumatic stress, compassion fatigue, and caregiver burnout experienced by medical workers are recognised in veterinary professionals as well. However, it is only in the last 10 years that the awareness and subsequent conversations that “name” these concerns are being investigated as they pertain to veterinary work and environments. With that, novel approaches to support caregiver well-being and cultural shifts that support growth, safety, and flourishing in practice environments are being discussed globally. Fortunately, there is an abundance of resources, tools, and approaches that have been identified and developed to support the health and quality of professional life for humane caregivers that can be drawn upon and applied to the many veterinary ecosystems. The New Zealand Veterinary Association Wellbeing Symposium (8–9 November 2022) and this issue of the New Zealand Veterinary Journal with its associated on
{"title":"The future of veterinary caregiving: finding our way forward with wisdom and compassion.","authors":"Sonja A Olson","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2022.2112566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2022.2112566","url":null,"abstract":"To be alive is to know both pain and joy. Pain may be inevitable, but suffering is optional. Our ubiquitous negativity bias may have many in caregiving roles around the world focused on the negative impacts of compassion fatigue syndrome and/or of burnout in the workplace, particularly over the last 2.5 years since the COVID-19 pandemic impacted every aspect of our lives. However, do you know about compassion satisfaction or about eudaimonia? Keep reading. Veterinary professionals are some of the most intellectually curious, generous, and intuitively caring individuals. Choosing a profession with rigorous and stressful admission criteria and training to then focus their life’s work on caring for non-human species’ health and well-being demonstrates a commitment to compassionate community service. However, the majority of veterinary caregivers would admit that the community they feel compassion for and wish to focus their healing energy on is the veterinary patient, not necessarily the inevitable humans that come with the equation. Herein lies the conundrum: the emotional, physical, and psychological challenges that come with working as a veterinary caregiver are compounded by these necessary human interactions. Preparation and strategies to skilfully navigate these interactions have been historically sparse, but fortunately are growing in curricula, in training programmes, and through professional literature and resource sharing. There is a psychosocial concept that when utilised can support self-efficacy of caregivers during difficult emotional and psychological circumstances: “Name it to tame it.” The human medical community has been actively exploring and researching the myriad of caregiving challenges and potential impacts on caregivers for over 40 years. It is understood that just as the wellbeing of individuals and teams may be compromised by detrimental work factors, so may be the quality of patient care and professional fulfilment for medical professionals. Many of the same work-related concerns such as moral distress, secondary traumatic stress, compassion fatigue, and caregiver burnout experienced by medical workers are recognised in veterinary professionals as well. However, it is only in the last 10 years that the awareness and subsequent conversations that “name” these concerns are being investigated as they pertain to veterinary work and environments. With that, novel approaches to support caregiver well-being and cultural shifts that support growth, safety, and flourishing in practice environments are being discussed globally. Fortunately, there is an abundance of resources, tools, and approaches that have been identified and developed to support the health and quality of professional life for humane caregivers that can be drawn upon and applied to the many veterinary ecosystems. The New Zealand Veterinary Association Wellbeing Symposium (8–9 November 2022) and this issue of the New Zealand Veterinary Journal with its associated on","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10765145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01Epub Date: 2022-09-07DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2022.2113166
T C Häußler, N Thom, E Prenger-Berninghoff, K Köhler, S A Barth
Case history: A 3-year-old, intact female mixed-breed dog, weighing 7 kg, was presented with generalised swelling of the tongue, leading to impaired deglutition and episodes of dyspnoea. From the age of 2 years, the dog had been under immunosuppressive therapy due to atopic dermatitis.
Clinical findings and treatment: Multiple nodular lesions at the apex of the tongue were noted as well as mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph node enlargement. Serum biochemistry results showed inflammatory changes. The results of several biopsies taken over 7 months indicated persistent pyogranulomatous and necrotising glossitis despite ongoing antimicrobial treatment, first with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and then pradofloxacin. No foreign material, acid-fast bacteria or fungal hyphae were detected throughout. The final diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (Mah) was reached after PCR and bacterial culture were carried out on the third biopsy sample. Therapy was initiated with rifampicin, clarithromycin and doxycycline, leading to complete remission of the lesions.
Diagnosis: Severe chronic pyogranulomatous and necrotising glossitis associated with infection by Mah.
Clinical relevance: This report describes challenges in the diagnosis and therapy of a localised Mah infection in an iatrogenically immunocompromised dog. Successful treatment was only achieved with a specific combination of antibiotics administered long-term.
{"title":"Challenging diagnosis and successful treatment of localised <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>hominissuis</i> glossitis in a dog on long-term immunomodulatory therapy.","authors":"T C Häußler, N Thom, E Prenger-Berninghoff, K Köhler, S A Barth","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2022.2113166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2022.2113166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>A 3-year-old, intact female mixed-breed dog, weighing 7 kg, was presented with generalised swelling of the tongue, leading to impaired deglutition and episodes of dyspnoea. From the age of 2 years, the dog had been under immunosuppressive therapy due to atopic dermatitis.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings and treatment: </strong>Multiple nodular lesions at the apex of the tongue were noted as well as mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph node enlargement. Serum biochemistry results showed inflammatory changes. The results of several biopsies taken over 7 months indicated persistent pyogranulomatous and necrotising glossitis despite ongoing antimicrobial treatment, first with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and then pradofloxacin. No foreign material, acid-fast bacteria or fungal hyphae were detected throughout. The final diagnosis of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>hominissuis</i> (<i>Mah</i>) was reached after PCR and bacterial culture were carried out on the third biopsy sample. Therapy was initiated with rifampicin, clarithromycin and doxycycline, leading to complete remission of the lesions.</p><p><strong>Diagnosis: </strong>Severe chronic pyogranulomatous and necrotising glossitis associated with infection by <i>Mah</i>.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This report describes challenges in the diagnosis and therapy of a localised <i>Mah</i> infection in an iatrogenically immunocompromised dog. Successful treatment was only achieved with a specific combination of antibiotics administered long-term.</p><p><strong>Abbreviations: </strong>AF: Acid-fast; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; CT: Computed tomography; MAC: <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex; <i>Mah</i>: <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>hominissuis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40415638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01Epub Date: 2021-06-30DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2021.1938270
M B Spitznagel, Asg Updegraff, M P Twohig, M D Carlson, C M Fulkerson
Aims: To determine whether an educational programme targeting the reaction of veterinary personnel to difficult client interactions reduced burden transfer, stress and burnout in veterinary staff.
Methods: Employees of three small-animal veterinary hospitals in the south-western United States of America were recruited and randomised to intervention (educational programme; n = 16) or control (no intervention; n = 18) groups. Participants of this randomised, parallel arms trial completed pre-programme assessment including the Burden Transfer Inventory (BTI), Perceived Stress Scale, and Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Assessment was followed by two, group-format educational sessions, based on acceptance and commitment training, tailored to reducing reactivity to difficult veterinary client interactions (intervention group only). After training was completed, both groups were assessed using the same measures and the intervention participants provided use and acceptability ratings.
Results: Intervention participants rated the programme as useful and appropriate, and reported that programme techniques were used a median of 43 (min 9, max 68) times during the 2 weeks prior to retesting. Relative to pre-programme scores, median post-programme scores for reaction (subscore of BTI) to difficult client interactions decreased in the intervention group (33 vs. 54; p = 0.047), but not in the control group (51 vs. 59; p = 0.210). Changes in median scores for stress and burnout from pre- to post-programme were non-significant for both groups.
Conclusions: This pilot and feasibility trial showed high rates of acceptability and use by participants, as well as promising reductions in burden transfer. A larger scale clinical trial with follow-up at extended time points is needed to more fully examine the efficacy of this novel programme.
Clinical relevance: Preliminary findings suggest this programme may be a useful approach to reducing occupational distress for individuals working in veterinary practice.
{"title":"Reducing occupational distress in veterinary medicine personnel with acceptance and commitment training: a pilot study.","authors":"M B Spitznagel, Asg Updegraff, M P Twohig, M D Carlson, C M Fulkerson","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2021.1938270","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2021.1938270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine whether an educational programme targeting the reaction of veterinary personnel to difficult client interactions reduced burden transfer, stress and burnout in veterinary staff.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Employees of three small-animal veterinary hospitals in the south-western United States of America were recruited and randomised to intervention (educational programme; n = 16) or control (no intervention; n = 18) groups. Participants of this randomised, parallel arms trial completed pre-programme assessment including the Burden Transfer Inventory (BTI), Perceived Stress Scale, and Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Assessment was followed by two, group-format educational sessions, based on acceptance and commitment training, tailored to reducing reactivity to difficult veterinary client interactions (intervention group only). After training was completed, both groups were assessed using the same measures and the intervention participants provided use and acceptability ratings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intervention participants rated the programme as useful and appropriate, and reported that programme techniques were used a median of 43 (min 9, max 68) times during the 2 weeks prior to retesting. Relative to pre-programme scores, median post-programme scores for reaction (subscore of BTI) to difficult client interactions decreased in the intervention group (33 <i>vs</i>. 54; p = 0.047), but not in the control group (51 <i>vs</i>. 59; p = 0.210). Changes in median scores for stress and burnout from pre- to post-programme were non-significant for both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This pilot and feasibility trial showed high rates of acceptability and use by participants, as well as promising reductions in burden transfer. A larger scale clinical trial with follow-up at extended time points is needed to more fully examine the efficacy of this novel programme.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Preliminary findings suggest this programme may be a useful approach to reducing occupational distress for individuals working in veterinary practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00480169.2021.1938270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39058019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-06-13DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2022.2079571
C Dumartinet, L Matres-Lorenzo, A Linsart, A Bernardé, F Bernard
Aims: To compare surgical times and rates of intra-operative and post-operative complications for open ovariohysterectomy (OVH) in female rabbits using conventional ligatures or a vessel sealing device (VSD) for haemostasis.
Methods: Female pet rabbits (n = 23) presented for OVH for either desexing or treatment of reproductive disorders were randomly assigned to a conventional ligatures (CL) group (n = 12) or a LigaSure 5-mm (LS5) group (n = 11). In the CL group, the ovarian pedicles were ligated with a single surgeon's knot. After transection of the ovarian pedicles, the broad ligament was manually broken down along the uterine horns to their respective cervices. In the LS5 group, both ovarian pedicles and the broad ligaments were sealed with a LigaSure Dolphin Tip VSD with 5-mm forceps. All the rabbits were hospitalised for 24 hours after surgery. Two weeks after discharge, a clinical recheck examination was performed. Incision length, overall surgical time (from initial incision to completion of intradermal suturing), OVH time (from identification of the first ovary to transection of the vaginal vault), and intra- and post-operative complications were recorded and compared between groups, using the Student's t-test for normally distributed continuous data, the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for non-normally distributed continuous data and Pearson's χ2 test for categorical data.
Results: The mean overall surgical time was 14.1 (SD 4.4) minutes. The surgery took 15.0 (SD 4.9) minutes in the CL group and 13.1 (SD 3.8) minutes in the LS5 group (p=0.10). The OVH time was shorter in the LS5 group (mean 4.2 (SD 0.9) minutes) than in the CL group (mean 6.3 (SD 1.7) minutes; p = 0.005). No intra-operative complications were encountered in the LS5 group. Haemorrhage occurred in three rabbits in the CL group. One rabbit in the LS5 group developed steatonecrosis post-operatively. There was no evidence of a difference in the proportion of rabbits that experienced intra- and post-operative complications (p = 0.25 and p = 0.94 respectively) between groups.
Conclusions: The use of a LigaSure 5-mm VSD and conventional ligatures during open OVH were both associated with similar overall surgical times and complication rates. The OVH times were shorter in the LS5 group compared to the CL group.
Clinical relevance: Use of the LigaSure 5-mm VSD allows efficient haemostasis while performing open OVH in female pet rabbits.
{"title":"Comparison of conventional ligatures and a vessel sealing device for haemostasis during open ovariohysterectomy in rabbits.","authors":"C Dumartinet, L Matres-Lorenzo, A Linsart, A Bernardé, F Bernard","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2022.2079571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2022.2079571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To compare surgical times and rates of intra-operative and post-operative complications for open ovariohysterectomy (OVH) in female rabbits using conventional ligatures or a vessel sealing device (VSD) for haemostasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Female pet rabbits (n = 23) presented for OVH for either desexing or treatment of reproductive disorders were randomly assigned to a conventional ligatures (CL) group (n = 12) or a LigaSure 5-mm (LS5) group (n = 11). In the CL group, the ovarian pedicles were ligated with a single surgeon's knot. After transection of the ovarian pedicles, the broad ligament was manually broken down along the uterine horns to their respective cervices. In the LS5 group, both ovarian pedicles and the broad ligaments were sealed with a LigaSure Dolphin Tip VSD with 5-mm forceps. All the rabbits were hospitalised for 24 hours after surgery. Two weeks after discharge, a clinical recheck examination was performed. Incision length, overall surgical time (from initial incision to completion of intradermal suturing), OVH time (from identification of the first ovary to transection of the vaginal vault), and intra- and post-operative complications were recorded and compared between groups, using the Student's t-test for normally distributed continuous data, the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for non-normally distributed continuous data and Pearson's <i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> test for categorical data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean overall surgical time was 14.1 (SD 4.4) minutes. The surgery took 15.0 (SD 4.9) minutes in the CL group and 13.1 (SD 3.8) minutes in the LS5 group (p=0.10). The OVH time was shorter in the LS5 group (mean 4.2 (SD 0.9) minutes) than in the CL group (mean 6.3 (SD 1.7) minutes; p = 0.005). No intra-operative complications were encountered in the LS5 group. Haemorrhage occurred in three rabbits in the CL group. One rabbit in the LS5 group developed steatonecrosis post-operatively. There was no evidence of a difference in the proportion of rabbits that experienced intra- and post-operative complications (p = 0.25 and p = 0.94 respectively) between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of a LigaSure 5-mm VSD and conventional ligatures during open OVH were both associated with similar overall surgical times and complication rates. The OVH times were shorter in the LS5 group compared to the CL group.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Use of the LigaSure 5-mm VSD allows efficient haemostasis while performing open OVH in female pet rabbits.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41167595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2022.2073919
K E Lawrence, C Balcomb, K J Flay, L Whitfield
Osseous sequestration is a common orthopaedic condition of horses and cattle (Firth 1987), and is frequently associated with trauma that results in cortical ischemia and bacterial invasion (Huber 2011). Although deer were introduced into New Zealand in the nineteenth century (Husheer et al. 2003), commercial deer farming itself only became legal in New Zealand in 1969 following the introduction of the New Zealand government’s Noxious Animals Amendment Act 1967 and the Deer Farming Regulations 1969 (Challies 1991). Interest in deer farming increased rapidly in the early 1970s (Pollard and Wilson 2002), with exports of venison, antler, and by-products now worth around NZD$240 million for the year ended September 2020 (B+LNZ 2021). Most of the deer farmed in New Zealand are Cervus elaphus, including the European red deer, North American wapiti, and their hybrids, with a smaller number of fallow deer (Dama dama) also farmed (Mason 1994). There have been a small number of reports of musculoskeletal problems in New Zealand deer including fractures (Wilson 1981; Audigé et al. 2001), osteochondrosis secondary to copper deficiency (Thompson et al. 1994; Audigé et al. 1995), angular limb deformities (Beatson et al. 2011), epiphysitis and osteomyelitis (Badger 1982), foot abscesses (Wilson 1981), polydactyly in red and sika deer (Daniel 1967; Davidson 1971) and outbreaks of lameness associated with Bacteroides nodosus (Skerman 1983) and Fusobacterium necrophorum (Ingram and Gill 2010). However, there have been no reports of bone sequestra in deer in New Zealand, and a literature search conducted using the search terms “deer AND sequestrum AND lameness” in Web of Science on 12 January 2022, found no further results from overseas. On 13 August 2021 a rising 1-year-old (R1) red deer hind weighing 86 kg with a body condition score (BCS) of 2.5/5 presented with severe lameness of the right rear leg. The hind was part of a group of 55 weaned R1 deer, grazing at pasture. Examination of the leg identified a soft, painful swelling on the medial aspect of the metatarsal bone, mid-way between the hock and fetlock. The swelling was not freely movable and seemed adherent to the underlying bone, no crepitus or mobility was noticed on palpation or manipulation of the metatarsus. Differential diagnoses included osteomyelitis with or without bone sequestration, incomplete fracture, and neoplasia although this was less likely due to the patient’s signalment. Radiographic imaging of the leg was sought to confirm the diagnosis. However, the SARS-CoV-2 lockdown response mandated by the New Zealand Government (https://www.health.govt.nz/) meant this had to be postponed until after restrictions were lifted. The deer was treated with 20 mg/kg S/C oxytetracycline (Bivatop 200 Injection, Boehringer Ingelheim (NZ) Ltd., Auckland, NZ). One month later, lockdown restrictions eased, and imaging could be conducted. Two views of the right metatarsus were obtained while the hind was standi
{"title":"Bone sequestrum in a yearling red deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) hind in New Zealand.","authors":"K E Lawrence, C Balcomb, K J Flay, L Whitfield","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2022.2073919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2022.2073919","url":null,"abstract":"Osseous sequestration is a common orthopaedic condition of horses and cattle (Firth 1987), and is frequently associated with trauma that results in cortical ischemia and bacterial invasion (Huber 2011). Although deer were introduced into New Zealand in the nineteenth century (Husheer et al. 2003), commercial deer farming itself only became legal in New Zealand in 1969 following the introduction of the New Zealand government’s Noxious Animals Amendment Act 1967 and the Deer Farming Regulations 1969 (Challies 1991). Interest in deer farming increased rapidly in the early 1970s (Pollard and Wilson 2002), with exports of venison, antler, and by-products now worth around NZD$240 million for the year ended September 2020 (B+LNZ 2021). Most of the deer farmed in New Zealand are Cervus elaphus, including the European red deer, North American wapiti, and their hybrids, with a smaller number of fallow deer (Dama dama) also farmed (Mason 1994). There have been a small number of reports of musculoskeletal problems in New Zealand deer including fractures (Wilson 1981; Audigé et al. 2001), osteochondrosis secondary to copper deficiency (Thompson et al. 1994; Audigé et al. 1995), angular limb deformities (Beatson et al. 2011), epiphysitis and osteomyelitis (Badger 1982), foot abscesses (Wilson 1981), polydactyly in red and sika deer (Daniel 1967; Davidson 1971) and outbreaks of lameness associated with Bacteroides nodosus (Skerman 1983) and Fusobacterium necrophorum (Ingram and Gill 2010). However, there have been no reports of bone sequestra in deer in New Zealand, and a literature search conducted using the search terms “deer AND sequestrum AND lameness” in Web of Science on 12 January 2022, found no further results from overseas. On 13 August 2021 a rising 1-year-old (R1) red deer hind weighing 86 kg with a body condition score (BCS) of 2.5/5 presented with severe lameness of the right rear leg. The hind was part of a group of 55 weaned R1 deer, grazing at pasture. Examination of the leg identified a soft, painful swelling on the medial aspect of the metatarsal bone, mid-way between the hock and fetlock. The swelling was not freely movable and seemed adherent to the underlying bone, no crepitus or mobility was noticed on palpation or manipulation of the metatarsus. Differential diagnoses included osteomyelitis with or without bone sequestration, incomplete fracture, and neoplasia although this was less likely due to the patient’s signalment. Radiographic imaging of the leg was sought to confirm the diagnosis. However, the SARS-CoV-2 lockdown response mandated by the New Zealand Government (https://www.health.govt.nz/) meant this had to be postponed until after restrictions were lifted. The deer was treated with 20 mg/kg S/C oxytetracycline (Bivatop 200 Injection, Boehringer Ingelheim (NZ) Ltd., Auckland, NZ). One month later, lockdown restrictions eased, and imaging could be conducted. Two views of the right metatarsus were obtained while the hind was standi","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10760222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2022.2094216
Scott Knowles, Graeme Attwood, David Pacheco, Robert Sanson
fi eld of livestock mineral nutrition, is justly famous for both authority and enthusiasm. When it comes to his science, he good data and good He is driven to solve problems for the intellectual challenge and has the con fi dence to refute shonky or half-baked misinformation that is in the public domain. He then delivers answers and understanding to the people who need it most; the veterinarians, farmers, consultants and students directly responsible for making New Zealand agriculture successful
{"title":"Neville Grace (1939-2022).","authors":"Scott Knowles, Graeme Attwood, David Pacheco, Robert Sanson","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2022.2094216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2022.2094216","url":null,"abstract":"fi eld of livestock mineral nutrition, is justly famous for both authority and enthusiasm. When it comes to his science, he good data and good He is driven to solve problems for the intellectual challenge and has the con fi dence to refute shonky or half-baked misinformation that is in the public domain. He then delivers answers and understanding to the people who need it most; the veterinarians, farmers, consultants and students directly responsible for making New Zealand agriculture successful","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10756292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-28DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2022.2104383
C. Cantley
Dr Sonja Olson, author of A Call to Life, aims to take the reader on a comprehensive but somewhat confronting journey, embracing compassion and humour, to explore the challenges and concerns veterinary professionals face. The importance of wellbeing and why it matters is brought to the fore and Olson clearly explains the psychological impacts and physical consequences of poor mental health. She goes on to look at possible solutions to the problems and ends on an inspiring, positive note for the future of the profession. Olson is an experienced companion animal emergency clinician. She spent 25 years in practice working as clinician, teacher, mentor, and leader but recognised there was a paucity of wellbeing awareness and skills in the veterinary profession. This awareness drove her passion to support veterinarians to thrive by focusing on her new role as a health and wellbeing trainer of veterinary teams. In this book, Olson addresses the challenges facing the profession and looks for some answers. Her extensive clinical veterinary experience, alongside a deep knowledge of mental health and wellbeing, enable her to speak with authority on the topic of wellbeing and resilience in veterinary professionals. Throughout the book, Olson leverages her connections in the veterinary profession and brings their voices to life. The book is interwoven with evidence-based referenced literature and entertaining illustrations, together with her own compelling personal narrative which gives a broad overview of the past and current occupational hazards of being in a caregiving profession. The stage is set in Chapter 1 with a historical perspective of the complex culture in the veterinary profession and how the human-animal bond has evolved over time. Olson dips into the different fields of veterinary practice to highlight the issues they face. Many of the examples throughout the book focus on the views of companion animal veterinarians, however it would have been good to have a greater emphasis on equine and production animal practice. Chapter 2 provides useful clarification and definition of some commonly used terms such as stress, eustress, empathetic distress, compassion fatigue, moral stress, ethical conflict and burnout, which are referred to throughout the book and normalise the conversation around mental health, poor mental health, and mental illness. Chapter 3 provides an excellent overview of the issues that those in a compassionate caregiving profession face and covers a wide variety of potential stressors including the impact of technology and social media, after-hours duties, heavy workloads, work-life balance and the moral, ethical and emotional issues surrounding financial concerns. Different stages of a veterinarian’s career are examined, highlighting the importance of veterinary education, the impact of workplace culture on an individual’s ability to thrive in practice, and the evolution of a veterinarian’s professional identity. Olson identifies
{"title":"A call to life: creating wellbeing and building resilience in the veterinary profession","authors":"C. Cantley","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2022.2104383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2022.2104383","url":null,"abstract":"Dr Sonja Olson, author of A Call to Life, aims to take the reader on a comprehensive but somewhat confronting journey, embracing compassion and humour, to explore the challenges and concerns veterinary professionals face. The importance of wellbeing and why it matters is brought to the fore and Olson clearly explains the psychological impacts and physical consequences of poor mental health. She goes on to look at possible solutions to the problems and ends on an inspiring, positive note for the future of the profession. Olson is an experienced companion animal emergency clinician. She spent 25 years in practice working as clinician, teacher, mentor, and leader but recognised there was a paucity of wellbeing awareness and skills in the veterinary profession. This awareness drove her passion to support veterinarians to thrive by focusing on her new role as a health and wellbeing trainer of veterinary teams. In this book, Olson addresses the challenges facing the profession and looks for some answers. Her extensive clinical veterinary experience, alongside a deep knowledge of mental health and wellbeing, enable her to speak with authority on the topic of wellbeing and resilience in veterinary professionals. Throughout the book, Olson leverages her connections in the veterinary profession and brings their voices to life. The book is interwoven with evidence-based referenced literature and entertaining illustrations, together with her own compelling personal narrative which gives a broad overview of the past and current occupational hazards of being in a caregiving profession. The stage is set in Chapter 1 with a historical perspective of the complex culture in the veterinary profession and how the human-animal bond has evolved over time. Olson dips into the different fields of veterinary practice to highlight the issues they face. Many of the examples throughout the book focus on the views of companion animal veterinarians, however it would have been good to have a greater emphasis on equine and production animal practice. Chapter 2 provides useful clarification and definition of some commonly used terms such as stress, eustress, empathetic distress, compassion fatigue, moral stress, ethical conflict and burnout, which are referred to throughout the book and normalise the conversation around mental health, poor mental health, and mental illness. Chapter 3 provides an excellent overview of the issues that those in a compassionate caregiving profession face and covers a wide variety of potential stressors including the impact of technology and social media, after-hours duties, heavy workloads, work-life balance and the moral, ethical and emotional issues surrounding financial concerns. Different stages of a veterinarian’s career are examined, highlighting the importance of veterinary education, the impact of workplace culture on an individual’s ability to thrive in practice, and the evolution of a veterinarian’s professional identity. Olson identifies ","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48248194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01Epub Date: 2022-03-07DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2022.2042414
K E Lawrence, K J Flay, J S Munday, D Aberdein, N A Thomson, M Vignes, A L Ridler
Aims: To evaluate the effect of sporidesmin toxicity on production outcomes and serum biochemistry analytes in mixed age Romney ewes, using a standardised measure of liver damage.
Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study following 46 mixed age Romney ewes from sporidesmin intoxication in April 2019, to slaughter 8 months later. The ewes were blood-sampled up to eight times, with a panel of serum biochemistry tests performed on the final six samples. However, only gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity was measured in the first two samples collected at the end of sporidesmin intoxication and 2 weeks later. Body condition score, ewe weight and production data were also recorded. Using a standardised liver score, based on histology of liver samples collected at slaughter, ewes were assigned to one of three liver disease categories (LDC); low, middle, and high. These were then used as the outcome or predictor variables for statistical analyses. Finally, two separate decision tree models, using recursive partitioning (RP), were fitted to the biochemistry data and to the GGT data collected at FE outbreak, to predict ewes in the low LDC.
Results: There was no evidence of a difference for the effect of LDC on ewe weight (p = 0.86) with ewes, on average, gaining weight to weaning. Weaning percent, lamb rearing percent and ewe flock efficiency were lower in ewes with high LDC, and scanning-to-weaning lamb loss was significantly higher in sheep with high LDC (p = 0.02). Serum activities of GGT and glutamate dehydrogenase and concentration of globulin were significantly lower in sheep with low LDC than in sheep with middle or high LDC (p < 0.05). However, there was no evidence of a difference for the effect of LDC on other biochemistry variables (p > 0.05). The final RP model for the biochemistry data categorised ewes as low LDC if their GGT was <122 IU/L, 3 months after sporidesmin intoxication, or if their GGT was <514 IU/L, <18 days after sporidesmin intoxication.
Conclusions and clinical relevance: Sheep with gross and histological evidence of severe sporidesmin-induced liver damage were able to maintain or gain body weight, suggesting that sporidesmin intoxication alone is not causative of poor body condition. Similarly, many of the serum biochemistry tests were not associated with evidence of liver damage. Lamb production was reduced in ewes with evidence of severe liver damage and the decision tree model showed promise as a basis to select ewes for culling.
{"title":"Longitudinal study of the effect of sporidesmin toxicity on lamb production and serum biochemistry in a flock of 46 Romney ewes using a standardised measure of liver damage.","authors":"K E Lawrence, K J Flay, J S Munday, D Aberdein, N A Thomson, M Vignes, A L Ridler","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2022.2042414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2022.2042414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate the effect of sporidesmin toxicity on production outcomes and serum biochemistry analytes in mixed age Romney ewes, using a standardised measure of liver damage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective longitudinal study following 46 mixed age Romney ewes from sporidesmin intoxication in April 2019, to slaughter 8 months later. The ewes were blood-sampled up to eight times, with a panel of serum biochemistry tests performed on the final six samples. However, only gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity was measured in the first two samples collected at the end of sporidesmin intoxication and 2 weeks later. Body condition score, ewe weight and production data were also recorded. Using a standardised liver score, based on histology of liver samples collected at slaughter, ewes were assigned to one of three liver disease categories (LDC); low, middle, and high. These were then used as the outcome or predictor variables for statistical analyses. Finally, two separate decision tree models, using recursive partitioning (RP), were fitted to the biochemistry data and to the GGT data collected at FE outbreak, to predict ewes in the low LDC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no evidence of a difference for the effect of LDC on ewe weight (p = 0.86) with ewes, on average, gaining weight to weaning. Weaning percent, lamb rearing percent and ewe flock efficiency were lower in ewes with high LDC, and scanning-to-weaning lamb loss was significantly higher in sheep with high LDC (p = 0.02). Serum activities of GGT and glutamate dehydrogenase and concentration of globulin were significantly lower in sheep with low LDC than in sheep with middle or high LDC (p < 0.05). However, there was no evidence of a difference for the effect of LDC on other biochemistry variables (p > 0.05). The final RP model for the biochemistry data categorised ewes as low LDC if their GGT was <122 IU/L, 3 months after sporidesmin intoxication, or if their GGT was <514 IU/L, <18 days after sporidesmin intoxication.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Sheep with gross and histological evidence of severe sporidesmin-induced liver damage were able to maintain or gain body weight, suggesting that sporidesmin intoxication alone is not causative of poor body condition. Similarly, many of the serum biochemistry tests were not associated with evidence of liver damage. Lamb production was reduced in ewes with evidence of severe liver damage and the decision tree model showed promise as a basis to select ewes for culling.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39916453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}