Kourosh Mohammadpour, Z. Hejazizadeh, H. Ghaemi, M. Salighe
The Madden-Julian Oscillation is one of the large-scale climate change patterns in the maritime tropics, with sub-seasonal time periods of 30 to 60 days affecting tropical and subtropical regions. This phenomenon can cause changes in various quantities of the atmosphere and ocean, such as pressure, sea surface temperature, and the rate of evaporation from the ocean surface in tropical regions. In this research, the effects of Madden-Julian fluctuation on the weather elements of Iran have been investigated with the aim of knowing the effects of different phases in order to improve the quality of forecasts and benefits in territorial planning. At first, the daily rainfall data of 1980-2020 were received from the National Meteorological Organization and quality controlled. Using the Wheeler and Hendon method, the two main components RMM1 and RMM2 were analyzed, based on which the amplitude of the above two components is considered as the main indicator of the intensity and weakness of this fluctuation. This index is based on the experimental orthogonal functions of the meteorological fields, including the average wind levels of 850 and 200 hectopascals and outgoing long wave radiation (OLR) between the latitudes of 20 degrees south and 20 degrees north. The clustering of the 7-day sequence with a component above 1 was used as the basis for clustering all eight phases, and by calculating the abnormality of each phase compared to its long term in the DJF time frame, the zoning of each phase was produced separately. In the end, phases 1, 2, 7, 8 were concluded as effective phases in Iran’s rainfall and phases 3, 4, 5, 6 as suppressive phases of Iran’s rainfall.
{"title":"Investigating the Effects of Madden-Julian Oscillation on Climate Elements of Iran (1980-2020)","authors":"Kourosh Mohammadpour, Z. Hejazizadeh, H. Ghaemi, M. Salighe","doi":"10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5351","url":null,"abstract":"The Madden-Julian Oscillation is one of the large-scale climate change patterns in the maritime tropics, with sub-seasonal time periods of 30 to 60 days affecting tropical and subtropical regions. This phenomenon can cause changes in various quantities of the atmosphere and ocean, such as pressure, sea surface temperature, and the rate of evaporation from the ocean surface in tropical regions. In this research, the effects of Madden-Julian fluctuation on the weather elements of Iran have been investigated with the aim of knowing the effects of different phases in order to improve the quality of forecasts and benefits in territorial planning. At first, the daily rainfall data of 1980-2020 were received from the National Meteorological Organization and quality controlled. Using the Wheeler and Hendon method, the two main components RMM1 and RMM2 were analyzed, based on which the amplitude of the above two components is considered as the main indicator of the intensity and weakness of this fluctuation. This index is based on the experimental orthogonal functions of the meteorological fields, including the average wind levels of 850 and 200 hectopascals and outgoing long wave radiation (OLR) between the latitudes of 20 degrees south and 20 degrees north. The clustering of the 7-day sequence with a component above 1 was used as the basis for clustering all eight phases, and by calculating the abnormality of each phase compared to its long term in the DJF time frame, the zoning of each phase was produced separately. In the end, phases 1, 2, 7, 8 were concluded as effective phases in Iran’s rainfall and phases 3, 4, 5, 6 as suppressive phases of Iran’s rainfall.","PeriodicalId":193824,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Science Research","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131670846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current article is an opinion on the sensitivity of high mountain regions which are the most fragile, sensitive and vulnerable to ongoing climate change. Its impacts are especially severe on the high mountain communities owing to their weak socio-economic profile, limited livelihood resources and agricultural land. The melting of glaciers and changes in the snow cover under the climate change scenario is leading to the scarcity of freshwater supplies, affecting both local and downstream communities. Changes in the precipitation patterns have been suggested to cause droughts, impact restricted agriculture, and limit the availability of water for domestic use. Additionally, the high mountain areas contain distinct flora and fauna, and climate change is not just altering them, but also has resulted in biodiversity loss as species are unable to adapt to the changing climate. Because of its higher altitudes and semi-arid to arid climate, the consequences of climate change are more evident in the higher Himalayas. Climate change is affecting the availability of key resources, such as freshwater and agriculture and pasture lands, resulting in food and water insecurity and their reliance on imports from other regions. As a result, high mountain communities in the Himalayas are progressively shifting to higher glacier valleys in search of suitable cultivable land with adequate irrigation. People are engaging in agro-pastoral activities around thermokarst lakes (Oasis) atop rock glaciers as part of this endeavour. Such actions underscore the crucial role of rock glaciers in dealing with and adjusting to the consequences of climate change. Despite its relevance, rock glacier research in the Himalayan region is still in its infancy. The purpose of this work is to emphasise the significance of these major climate-resilient water resources, as well as the methodology that must be adopted for their systematic and compressive investigations.
{"title":"Crucial, But Not Systematically Investigated: Rock Glaciers, the Concealed Water Reservoirs of the Himalayas: An Opinion","authors":"Sheikh Nawaz Ali, P. Pandey","doi":"10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5541","url":null,"abstract":"The current article is an opinion on the sensitivity of high mountain regions which are the most fragile, sensitive and vulnerable to ongoing climate change. Its impacts are especially severe on the high mountain communities owing to their weak socio-economic profile, limited livelihood resources and agricultural land. The melting of glaciers and changes in the snow cover under the climate change scenario is leading to the scarcity of freshwater supplies, affecting both local and downstream communities. Changes in the precipitation patterns have been suggested to cause droughts, impact restricted agriculture, and limit the availability of water for domestic use. Additionally, the high mountain areas contain distinct flora and fauna, and climate change is not just altering them, but also has resulted in biodiversity loss as species are unable to adapt to the changing climate. Because of its higher altitudes and semi-arid to arid climate, the consequences of climate change are more evident in the higher Himalayas. Climate change is affecting the availability of key resources, such as freshwater and agriculture and pasture lands, resulting in food and water insecurity and their reliance on imports from other regions. As a result, high mountain communities in the Himalayas are progressively shifting to higher glacier valleys in search of suitable cultivable land with adequate irrigation. People are engaging in agro-pastoral activities around thermokarst lakes (Oasis) atop rock glaciers as part of this endeavour. Such actions underscore the crucial role of rock glaciers in dealing with and adjusting to the consequences of climate change. Despite its relevance, rock glacier research in the Himalayan region is still in its infancy. The purpose of this work is to emphasise the significance of these major climate-resilient water resources, as well as the methodology that must be adopted for their systematic and compressive investigations.","PeriodicalId":193824,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Science Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128488020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The identification method in the CurveExpert-1.40 software environment revealed asymmetric wavelets of changes in the average monthly temperature of New Delhi from 1931 to 2021. The maximum increment for 80 years of the average monthly temperature of 5.1°C was in March 2010. An analysis of the wave patterns of the dynamics of the average monthly temperature up to 2110 was carried out. For forecasting, formulas were adopted containing four components, among which the second component is the critical heat wave of India. The first component is the Mandelbrot law (in physics). It shows the natural trend of decreasing temperature. The second component increases according to the critical law. The third component with a correlation coefficient of 0.9522 has an annual fluctuation cycle. The fourth component with a semi-annual cycle shows the influence of vegetation cover. The warming level of 2010 will repeat again in 2035-2040. From 2040 the temperature will rise steadily. June is the hottest month. At the same time, the maximum temperature of 35.1°C in 2010 in June will again reach by 2076. But according to the second component of the heat wave, the temperature will rise from 0.54°C to 16.29°C. The annual and semi-annual cycles had an insignificant effect on the June temperature dynamics. Thus, the identification method on the example of meteorological observations in New Delhi made it possible to obtain summary models containing a different number of components. The temperature at a height of 2 m is insufficient. On the surface, according to space measurements, the temperature reaches 55°C. As a result, in order to identify more accurate asymmetric wavelets for forecasting, the results of satellite measurements of the surface temperature of India at various geographical locations of meteorological stations are additionally required.
{"title":"Wavelet Analysis of Average Monthly Temperature New Delhi 1931- 2021 and Forecast until 2110","authors":"M. Matveevich","doi":"10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5447","url":null,"abstract":"The identification method in the CurveExpert-1.40 software environment revealed asymmetric wavelets of changes in the average monthly temperature of New Delhi from 1931 to 2021. The maximum increment for 80 years of the average monthly temperature of 5.1°C was in March 2010. An analysis of the wave patterns of the dynamics of the average monthly temperature up to 2110 was carried out. For forecasting, formulas were adopted containing four components, among which the second component is the critical heat wave of India. The first component is the Mandelbrot law (in physics). It shows the natural trend of decreasing temperature. The second component increases according to the critical law. The third component with a correlation coefficient of 0.9522 has an annual fluctuation cycle. The fourth component with a semi-annual cycle shows the influence of vegetation cover. The warming level of 2010 will repeat again in 2035-2040. From 2040 the temperature will rise steadily. June is the hottest month. At the same time, the maximum temperature of 35.1°C in 2010 in June will again reach by 2076. But according to the second component of the heat wave, the temperature will rise from 0.54°C to 16.29°C. The annual and semi-annual cycles had an insignificant effect on the June temperature dynamics. Thus, the identification method on the example of meteorological observations in New Delhi made it possible to obtain summary models containing a different number of components. The temperature at a height of 2 m is insufficient. On the surface, according to space measurements, the temperature reaches 55°C. As a result, in order to identify more accurate asymmetric wavelets for forecasting, the results of satellite measurements of the surface temperature of India at various geographical locations of meteorological stations are additionally required.","PeriodicalId":193824,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Science Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123385818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The magnetometer data obtained for 2008 from geomagnetic stations installed across Africa by magnetic data acquisition set (MAGDAS) have been used to study the ionospheric Sq current system in the equatorial and lowlatitudes of Africa. The aim of this work is to separate the quiet-day feld variations obtained in the equatorial and low latitude regions of Africa into their external and internal feld contributions and then to use the paired external and internal coeffcients of the SHAto determine the source current and induced currents. The method used involved a spherical harmonic analysis (SHA). This was applied in the separation of the internal and external field/current contribution to the Sq variations. The result shows that the variation in the currents is seen to be a dawn-to-dusk phenomenon with the variation in the external currents different from that of the internal currents both in amplitude and in phase. Furthermore, the seasonal variation in the external current maximizes during the March equinox and minimizes during the December solstice. The maximum current observed in AAB and ILR is due to the Equatorial Electrojet Current present in the AAB and ILR stations. Seasonal variation was observed in the geomagnetic component variations as well as in the currents. This is attributed to the position of the sun with respect to the earth at different months of the year. The equinoctial maximum is observed in external current intensity which occurred mostly during the March Equinox.
{"title":"Ionospheric Currents in the Equatorial and Low Latitudes of Africa","authors":"G. C. Emenike, T. Obiekezie, V. Ojeh","doi":"10.30564/jasr.v6i1.5092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i1.5092","url":null,"abstract":"The magnetometer data obtained for 2008 from geomagnetic stations installed across Africa by magnetic data acquisition set (MAGDAS) have been used to study the ionospheric Sq current system in the equatorial and lowlatitudes of Africa. The aim of this work is to separate the quiet-day feld variations obtained in the equatorial and low latitude regions of Africa into their external and internal feld contributions and then to use the paired external and internal coeffcients of the SHAto determine the source current and induced currents. The method used involved a spherical harmonic analysis (SHA). This was applied in the separation of the internal and external field/current contribution to the Sq variations. The result shows that the variation in the currents is seen to be a dawn-to-dusk phenomenon with the variation in the external currents different from that of the internal currents both in amplitude and in phase. Furthermore, the seasonal variation in the external current maximizes during the March equinox and minimizes during the December solstice. The maximum current observed in AAB and ILR is due to the Equatorial Electrojet Current present in the AAB and ILR stations. Seasonal variation was observed in the geomagnetic component variations as well as in the currents. This is attributed to the position of the sun with respect to the earth at different months of the year. The equinoctial maximum is observed in external current intensity which occurred mostly during the March Equinox.","PeriodicalId":193824,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Science Research","volume":"71 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133750193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article explains ongoing changes in global climate and their effect on the resurgence of vector and pathogen populations in various parts of the world. Today, major prevailing changes are the elevation of global temperature and accidental torrent rains, floods, droughts, and loss of productivity and food commodities. Due to the increase in water surface area and the longer presence of flood water, the breeding of insect vectors becomes very high; it is responsible for the emergence and re-emergence of so many communicable diseases. Due to the development of resistance to chemicals in insect pests, and pathogens and lack of control measures, communicable zoonotic diseases are remerging with high infectivity and mortality. This condition is becoming more alarming as the climate is favoring pathogen-host interactions and vector populations. Rapid changes seen in meteorology are promoting an unmanageable array of vector-borne infectious diseases, such as malaria, Japanese encephalitis, filarial, dengue, and leishmaniasis. Similarly, due to unhygienic conditions, poor sanitation, and infected ground and surface water outbreak of enteric infections such as cholera, vibriosis, and rotavirus is seen on the rise. In addition, parasitic infection ascariasis, fasciolosis, schistosomiasis, and dysentery cases are increasing. Today climate change is a major issue and challenge that needs timely quick solutions. Climate change is imposing non-adaptive forced human migration territorial conflicts, decreasing ecosystem productivity, disease outbreaks, and impelling unequal resource utilization. Rapid climate changes, parasites, pathogens, and vector populations are on the rise, which is making great threats to global health and the environment. This article highlighted the necessity to develop new strategies and control measures to cut down rising vector and pathogen populations in endemic areas. For finding quick solutions educational awareness, technology up-gradation, new vaccines, and safety measures have to be adopted to break the cycle of dreadful communicable diseases shortly.
{"title":"Global Effect of Climate Change on Seasonal Cycles, Vector Population and Rising Challenges of Communicable Diseases: A Review","authors":"N. Yadav, R. Upadhyay","doi":"10.30564/jasr.v6i1.5165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i1.5165","url":null,"abstract":"This article explains ongoing changes in global climate and their effect on the resurgence of vector and pathogen populations in various parts of the world. Today, major prevailing changes are the elevation of global temperature and accidental torrent rains, floods, droughts, and loss of productivity and food commodities. Due to the increase in water surface area and the longer presence of flood water, the breeding of insect vectors becomes very high; it is responsible for the emergence and re-emergence of so many communicable diseases. Due to the development of resistance to chemicals in insect pests, and pathogens and lack of control measures, communicable zoonotic diseases are remerging with high infectivity and mortality. This condition is becoming more alarming as the climate is favoring pathogen-host interactions and vector populations. Rapid changes seen in meteorology are promoting an unmanageable array of vector-borne infectious diseases, such as malaria, Japanese encephalitis, filarial, dengue, and leishmaniasis. Similarly, due to unhygienic conditions, poor sanitation, and infected ground and surface water outbreak of enteric infections such as cholera, vibriosis, and rotavirus is seen on the rise. In addition, parasitic infection ascariasis, fasciolosis, schistosomiasis, and dysentery cases are increasing. Today climate change is a major issue and challenge that needs timely quick solutions. Climate change is imposing non-adaptive forced human migration territorial conflicts, decreasing ecosystem productivity, disease outbreaks, and impelling unequal resource utilization. Rapid climate changes, parasites, pathogens, and vector populations are on the rise, which is making great threats to global health and the environment. This article highlighted the necessity to develop new strategies and control measures to cut down rising vector and pathogen populations in endemic areas. For finding quick solutions educational awareness, technology up-gradation, new vaccines, and safety measures have to be adopted to break the cycle of dreadful communicable diseases shortly.","PeriodicalId":193824,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Science Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126542164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anukrati Dhabhai, A. Sharma, G. Dalela, S. Mohanty, Ramesh Kumar Hudda, Rajnish Gupta
Individuals spend 90% of their time indoors, primarily at home or at work. Indoor environmental factors have a signifcant impact on human well-being. It was a longitudinal study that assessed the major factors that reduce indoor air quality, namely particulate matter, and bio-aerosols, using low-cost sensors and the settle plate method, respectively also to determine the effect of atmospheric parameters and land use patterns in households of commercial, industrial, residential, slum, and rural areas of the city. PM2.5 concentration levels were similar in most parts of the day across all sites. PM10.0 concentration levels increased indoors in a commercial area. PM2.5 concentration showed a negative correlation with temperature and a positive correlation with relative humidity in some areas. Very high values of PM2.5 concentration and PM10.0 concentration have been observed in this study, inside households of selected rural and urban areas. Pathogenic gram-positive cocci, gram-positive rods, Aspergillus, and Mucor species were the most common bacterial and fungal species respectively found inside households. This study examined particulate matter concentration along with bio-aerosols, as very less studies have been conducted in Jaipur the capital of Rajasthan, a state in the western part of India which assessed both of these factors together to determine the indoor air quality. Rural households surrounding the periphery of the city were found to have similar pollution levels as urban households. So, this study may form the basis for reducing pollution inside households and also for taking suitable measures for the reduction of pollution in the indoor environment.
{"title":"Indoor Air Pollution and Its Determinants in Household Settings in Jaipur, India","authors":"Anukrati Dhabhai, A. Sharma, G. Dalela, S. Mohanty, Ramesh Kumar Hudda, Rajnish Gupta","doi":"10.30564/jasr.v6i1.5284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i1.5284","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals spend 90% of their time indoors, primarily at home or at work. Indoor environmental factors have a signifcant impact on human well-being. It was a longitudinal study that assessed the major factors that reduce indoor air quality, namely particulate matter, and bio-aerosols, using low-cost sensors and the settle plate method, respectively also to determine the effect of atmospheric parameters and land use patterns in households of commercial, industrial, residential, slum, and rural areas of the city. PM2.5 concentration levels were similar in most parts of the day across all sites. PM10.0 concentration levels increased indoors in a commercial area. PM2.5 concentration showed a negative correlation with temperature and a positive correlation with relative humidity in some areas. Very high values of PM2.5 concentration and PM10.0 concentration have been observed in this study, inside households of selected rural and urban areas. Pathogenic gram-positive cocci, gram-positive rods, Aspergillus, and Mucor species were the most common bacterial and fungal species respectively found inside households. This study examined particulate matter concentration along with bio-aerosols, as very less studies have been conducted in Jaipur the capital of Rajasthan, a state in the western part of India which assessed both of these factors together to determine the indoor air quality. Rural households surrounding the periphery of the city were found to have similar pollution levels as urban households. So, this study may form the basis for reducing pollution inside households and also for taking suitable measures for the reduction of pollution in the indoor environment.","PeriodicalId":193824,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Science Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132933794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Okechukwu Okpobiri, Eteh Desmond Rowand, F. E. Egobueze, Mogo Felicia Chinwe
The Niger Delta marine environment has experienced a series of environmental disasters since the inception of oil and gas exploration, which can be attributed to climate change. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and sea surface temperature (T) ties associated with burning fossil fuels, such as gas flaring, vehicular traffic, and marine vessel movement along the sea, are increasing. Using data extracted from the NASA Giovanni satellite’s Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), this study mapped the carbon footprint and T along the coastline into the deep sea from 2003 to 2011, using ArcGIS software. The spatial distribution of CO2 and T concentrations determined by the inverse distance weighting (IDW) method reveals variations in the study area. The results show an increase in the quantity of the mean tropospheric CO2 from July 2003 to December 2011, from 374.5129 ppm to 390.7831 ppm annual CO2 emissions, which also reflects a continuous increase. The average Monthly sea surface temperature had a general increasing trend from 25.79 °C in July 2003 to 27.8 °C in December, with the Pearson correlation coefficient between CO2 and T indicating 50% strongly positive, 20% strongly negative, 20% weakly positive,and 10% weakly negative. CO2 levels, like temperature, follow a seasonal cycle, with a decrease during the wet season due to precipitation dissolving and plant uptake during the growing season, and then a rise during the dry season. Carbon capture and storage technologies must be implemented to benefit the marine ecosystem and human well-being.
{"title":"Monitoring and Quantification of Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Impact of Sea Surface Temperature on Marine Ecosystems as Climate Change Indicators in the Niger Delta Using Geospatial Technology","authors":"Okechukwu Okpobiri, Eteh Desmond Rowand, F. E. Egobueze, Mogo Felicia Chinwe","doi":"10.30564/jasr.v6i1.5107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i1.5107","url":null,"abstract":"The Niger Delta marine environment has experienced a series of environmental disasters since the inception of oil and gas exploration, which can be attributed to climate change. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and sea surface temperature (T) ties associated with burning fossil fuels, such as gas flaring, vehicular traffic, and marine vessel movement along the sea, are increasing. Using data extracted from the NASA Giovanni satellite’s Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), this study mapped the carbon footprint and T along the coastline into the deep sea from 2003 to 2011, using ArcGIS software. The spatial distribution of CO2 and T concentrations determined by the inverse distance weighting (IDW) method reveals variations in the study area. The results show an increase in the quantity of the mean tropospheric CO2 from July 2003 to December 2011, from 374.5129 ppm to 390.7831 ppm annual CO2 emissions, which also reflects a continuous increase. The average Monthly sea surface temperature had a general increasing trend from 25.79 °C in July 2003 to 27.8 °C in December, with the Pearson correlation coefficient between CO2 and T indicating 50% strongly positive, 20% strongly negative, 20% weakly positive,and 10% weakly negative. CO2 levels, like temperature, follow a seasonal cycle, with a decrease during the wet season due to precipitation dissolving and plant uptake during the growing season, and then a rise during the dry season. Carbon capture and storage technologies must be implemented to benefit the marine ecosystem and human well-being.","PeriodicalId":193824,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Science Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121024397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Spiridonov, M. Čurić, Marija Grčić, B. Jakimovski
An attempt has been made in the present research to simulate a deadly flash-flood event over the City of Skopje, Macedonia on 6 August 2016. A cloud model ensemble forecast method is developed to simulate a super-cell storm's initiation and evolutionary features. Sounding data are generated using an ensemble approach, that utilizes a triple-nested WRF model. A three-dimensional (3-D) convective cloud model (CCM) with a very fine horizontal grid resolution of 250-m is initialized, using the initial representative sounding data, derived from the WRF 1-km forecast outputs. CCM is configured and run with an open lateral boundary conditions LBC, allowing explicit simulation of convective scale processes. This preliminary study showed that the ensemble approach has some advantages in the generation of the initial data and the model initialization. The applied method minimizes the uncertainties and provides a more qualitative-quantitative assessment of super-cell storm initiation, cell structure, evolutionary properties, and intensity. A high-resolution 3-D run is capable to resolve detailed aspects of convection, including high-intensity convective precipitation. The results are significant not only from the aspect of the cloud model's ability to provide a qualitative-quantitative assessment of intense precipitation but also for a deeper understanding of the essence of storm development, its vortex dynamics, and the meaning of micro-physical processes for the production and release of large amounts of precipitation that were the cause of the catastrophic flood in an urban area. After a series of experiments and verification, such a system could be a reliable tool in weather services for very short-range forecasting (nowcasting) and early warning of weather disasters.
{"title":"Ensemble Cloud Model Application in Simulating the Catastrophic Heavy Rainfall Event","authors":"V. Spiridonov, M. Čurić, Marija Grčić, B. Jakimovski","doi":"10.30564/jasr.v5i4.5081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v5i4.5081","url":null,"abstract":"An attempt has been made in the present research to simulate a deadly flash-flood event over the City of Skopje, Macedonia on 6 August 2016. A cloud model ensemble forecast method is developed to simulate a super-cell storm's initiation and evolutionary features. Sounding data are generated using an ensemble approach, that utilizes a triple-nested WRF model. A three-dimensional (3-D) convective cloud model (CCM) with a very fine horizontal grid resolution of 250-m is initialized, using the initial representative sounding data, derived from the WRF 1-km forecast outputs. CCM is configured and run with an open lateral boundary conditions LBC, allowing explicit simulation of convective scale processes. This preliminary study showed that the ensemble approach has some advantages in the generation of the initial data and the model initialization. The applied method minimizes the uncertainties and provides a more qualitative-quantitative assessment of super-cell storm initiation, cell structure, evolutionary properties, and intensity. A high-resolution 3-D run is capable to resolve detailed aspects of convection, including high-intensity convective precipitation. The results are significant not only from the aspect of the cloud model's ability to provide a qualitative-quantitative assessment of intense precipitation but also for a deeper understanding of the essence of storm development, its vortex dynamics, and the meaning of micro-physical processes for the production and release of large amounts of precipitation that were the cause of the catastrophic flood in an urban area. After a series of experiments and verification, such a system could be a reliable tool in weather services for very short-range forecasting (nowcasting) and early warning of weather disasters.","PeriodicalId":193824,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Science Research","volume":"432 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132329275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Here the authors examine whether bell sounds can have an impact onambient aerosol levels and size distribution under atmospheric conditions.The authors present calculation results for acoustic coagulation by churchbell sounds for a range of ambient aerosol types. The results show thatfor orthokinetic sonic agglomeration, while the frequency spectrum ofchurch bells is ideal for causing coagulation of ambient aerosols, the soundpressure level (SPL) becomes too low for an effect. However, for verypolluted conditions, at extremely short distances from the bell dust aerosolscan readily undergo sonic coagulation.
{"title":"On the Impact of Bell Sound on Ambient Particulates","authors":"K. Kourtidis, Ageliki Andrikopoulou","doi":"10.30564/jasr.v5i4.5121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v5i4.5121","url":null,"abstract":"Here the authors examine whether bell sounds can have an impact onambient aerosol levels and size distribution under atmospheric conditions.The authors present calculation results for acoustic coagulation by churchbell sounds for a range of ambient aerosol types. The results show thatfor orthokinetic sonic agglomeration, while the frequency spectrum ofchurch bells is ideal for causing coagulation of ambient aerosols, the soundpressure level (SPL) becomes too low for an effect. However, for verypolluted conditions, at extremely short distances from the bell dust aerosolscan readily undergo sonic coagulation.","PeriodicalId":193824,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Science Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129372387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Abulude, Abigail Oluwakemi Feyisetan, K. M. Arifalo, A. Akinnusotu, Lateef Johnson Bello
Indoor air pollution in buildings puts people at risk of developing respiratoryand cardiovascular diseases. Particulate matter (PM) exposure is known tocause these health issues. Preliminary efforts were made in this study to assessthe quantity and quality of PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 present in an abattoir and aresidential building in northern Nigeria. Canree A1 low-cost sensor was used tomonitor the locations, 8 hourly for two weeks. The results showed that the average values (μg/m3 ) of PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 in an abattoir were 62.74, 161.94, and 199.08, respectively, and in a residential building were 28.70, 83.31, and 103.71. The average Air Quality Index (AQI) of the abattoir office was VeryUnhealthy, while the living room of the residential building was unhealthy. ThePM2.5, and PM10 levels were higher than the international (WHO) and national(FMEnv) standard limits, indicating a potential danger to building occupants.It is expected that the indoor environment of the locations will be improved bythe use of good ventilators (adequate windows and doors) and the provision ofgood extractors
{"title":"Indoor Particulate Matter Assessment in a Northern Nigerian Abattoir and a Residential Building","authors":"F. Abulude, Abigail Oluwakemi Feyisetan, K. M. Arifalo, A. Akinnusotu, Lateef Johnson Bello","doi":"10.30564/jasr.v5i4.5104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v5i4.5104","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor air pollution in buildings puts people at risk of developing respiratoryand cardiovascular diseases. Particulate matter (PM) exposure is known tocause these health issues. Preliminary efforts were made in this study to assessthe quantity and quality of PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 present in an abattoir and aresidential building in northern Nigeria. Canree A1 low-cost sensor was used tomonitor the locations, 8 hourly for two weeks. The results showed that the average values (μg/m3 ) of PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 in an abattoir were 62.74, 161.94, and 199.08, respectively, and in a residential building were 28.70, 83.31, and 103.71. The average Air Quality Index (AQI) of the abattoir office was VeryUnhealthy, while the living room of the residential building was unhealthy. ThePM2.5, and PM10 levels were higher than the international (WHO) and national(FMEnv) standard limits, indicating a potential danger to building occupants.It is expected that the indoor environment of the locations will be improved bythe use of good ventilators (adequate windows and doors) and the provision ofgood extractors","PeriodicalId":193824,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Science Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126586724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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