Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging最新文献

Radiometals, with their favorable decay properties and rich coordination chemistry, have found widespread applications in both diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine. To ensure effective utilization, radiometal-based radiopharmaceuticals are designed to target specific organs or cells. Radiometals are primarily produced in cyclotrons or reactors using stable isotopes as raw materials. Many countries, including Korea, are pursuing self-sufficiency in radiometal production at the government level. This review examines the current production and supply status of raw materials for key radiometals that are either actively used or expected to see a significant demand growth in the future in Korea.

Graphical abstract: Flow of radiometal production.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s13139-024-00876-z.].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s13139-023-00831-4.].

Thyroid cancer, one of the most common endocrine tumors, generally has a favorable prognosis but remains a significant medical and societal concern due to its high incidence. Early diagnosis and treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) significantly affect long-term outcomes, requiring the selection and application of appropriate initial treatments to improve prognosis and quality of life. Recent advances in technology and health information systems have enhanced our understanding of the molecular genetics of thyroid cancer, facilitating the identification of aggressive subgroups and enabling the accumulation of research on risk factors through big data. The Korean Thyroid Association (KTA) has revised the "KTA Guidelines on the Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancers 2024" to incorporate these advances, which were developed by a multidisciplinary team and underwent extensive review and approval processes by various academic societies. This article summarizes the 2024 KTA guidelines for nuclear medicine imaging in patients with DTC, written by the Nuclear Medicine members of the KTA Guideline Committee, and covers ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT and radioiodine imaging with SPECT/CT in the management of DTC.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s13139-024-00871-4.].

Purpose: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) Positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) surpasses conventional MRI (cMRI) in prostate cancer (PCa) evaluation. Our objective is to evaluate correlation of quantitative parameters in PCa using Fluorine-18 (F-18) PSMA-1007 PET/MRI and their potential for predicting metastases.

Methods: This retrospective study included 51 PCa patients. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), PSMA total lesion uptake (PSMA-TLU), and PSMA total volume (PSMA-TV) were calculated in primary tumor. Correlation of ADC with other parameters was analyzed. Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis was conducted to determine optimal cut-off values for predicting metastases.

Results: ADC inversely correlated with SUVmax, PSMA-TLU, and PSMA-TV (p < 0.0001, < 0.0001, 0.0050, respectively). Lower ADC was associated with metastatic disease (p < 0.001). SUVmax, PSMA-TLU, PSMA-TV, SUVmax/ADC, PSMA-TLU/ADC, and PSMA-TV/ADC were higher in patients with metastases (p = 0.033 to < 0.001). PSMA-TLU/ADC and PSMA-TV/ADC best predicted metastases (sensitivity: 73.91% and 82.61%; specificity: 89.29% and 71.43%). PSMA-TLU, PSMA-TV, PSMA-TLU/ADC, and PSMA-TV/ADC were higher in patients with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.001 to 0.005). PSMA-TLU/ADC and PSMA-TV/ADC best predicted lymph node metastasis (sensitivity: 77.78% and 100%; specificity: 89.29% and 71.43%). SUVmax and SUVmax/ADC were higher in bone metastasis cases (p = 0.045), but their predictive value for bone metastasis was limited (Area under the curve (AUC): 0.634 and 0.652).

Conclusion: F-18 PSMA-1007 PET/MRI may improve diagnostic accuracy for primary PCa lesions by utilizing the inverse relationship between ADC and other parameters. Moreover, a strong correlation between such parameters and presence of metastasis holds prognostic value of this modality.

This guideline outlines the use of 3,4-dihydroxy-6-¹⁸F-fluoro-L-phenylalanine positron emission tomography / computed tomography for the diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine tumors, brain tumors, and other tumorous conditions. It provides detailed recommendations on patient preparation, imaging procedures, and result interpretation. Based on international standards and adapted to local clinical practices, the guideline emphasizes safety, quality control, and the effective application of 3,4-dihydroxy-6-¹⁸F-fluoro-L-phenylalanine positron emission tomography / computed tomography for various tumors such as insulinomas, pheochromocytomas, and medullary thyroid carcinoma. It also addresses the use of premedication with carbidopa, fasting protocols, and optimal imaging techniques. The aim is to assist nuclear medicine professionals in delivering precise diagnoses, improving patient outcomes, and accommodating evolving medical knowledge and technology. This comprehensive document serves as a practical resource to enhance the accuracy, quality, and safety of 3,4-dihydroxy-6-¹⁸F-fluoro-L-phenylalanine positron emission tomography / computed tomography in oncology.

Background this systematic review was conducted to assess the practical application of terbium radioisotopes, utilizing systematic search methodologies to identify relevant studies. Methods the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically scoured, targeting the research on four terbium isotopes: ¹⁴⁹ Tb, ¹⁵² Tb, ¹⁵⁵ Tb, and ¹⁶¹ Tb. Various combinations of keywords related to terbium and its four radioisotopes were used in the search process. The search encompassed studies conducted up to July 27, 2024. Results following the removal of 335 duplicate research articles, a cohort of 429 papers was curated for potential inclusion in the study. Out of 429 articles reviewed, a mere nine addressed the potential uses of ¹⁶¹ Tb and ¹⁵² Tb. Notably, ¹⁵⁵ Tb and ¹⁴⁹ Tb have yet to be examined in human subjects. Conclusions the research trajectory is now veering towards clinical studies that provide in-human data, with the goal of advancing radiotheranostics and nuclear oncology. The preliminary outcomes are stimulating and have led to the initiation of several clinical trials. The success of these trials and the establishment of production facilities will be critical for the clinical adoption of these agents.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s13139-024-00847-4.].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s13139-024-00840-x.].