Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey最新文献

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2025;392:1801-1812) Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems improve outcomes in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but their role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains uncertain due to limited, small, or uncontrolled studies. Many patients achieve glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <7% with glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists or sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, but those who do not may benefit from AID.

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2025;392:1801-1812) Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems improve outcomes in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but their role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains uncertain due to limited, small, or uncontrolled studies. Many patients achieve glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <7% with glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists or sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, but those who do not may benefit from AID.

(Abstracted from BJOG 2025;132:805-815) Approximate 1 in 200 neonates in Canada is born with congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV). CMV is an infection that can cause neurodevelopmental disability in children, including deafness, visual impairment, or cognitive delay.

(Abstracted from Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2025;104:839-849) Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as high blood sugar onset in pregnancy, is associated with adverse outcomes and increased long-term maternal diabetes risk. Screening protocols vary internationally, with some countries testing only high-risk pregnancies, but Canada has recommended universal screening since 2003.

(Abstracted from Neurourol Urodyn 2025, doi:10.1002/nau.70106) The chronic condition of bladder pain, pressure, and urinary symptoms without a clear cause is classified as interstitial cystitis or bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), and it affects large numbers of individuals globally. Presentation varies, but it can include debilitating pain and significantly decrease quality of life.

(Abstracted from Contraception 2025;149:110972) In the United States, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is distributed in the subcutaneous (SC) formulation in prefilled, single-dose syringes; this format makes self-administration or administration by someone other than a clinician easy and accessible. This may improve contraceptive access by making the medication more available and not requiring a clinician visit for its administration.

(Abstracted from Hum Reprod 2025 ;40(8):1485-1494) Embryonic development relies heavily on 1-carbon metabolism, which is influenced heavily by folate and vitamin B12. Both placental and embryonic and fetal development are affected, and previous research has shown supplementation with folic acid during early pregnancy reduces the prevalence of neural tube defects; some research has also shown that deficiencies in folate and vitamin B12 may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preeclampsia and low birth weight.

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2025;392:1698-1709) Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD-I) is an autosomal recessive immune disorder marked by recurrent, life-threatening infections, with 25% to 39% mortality before age 2 years without curative therapy. Common symptoms include umbilical-cord complications, poorly healing cutaneous lesions, persistent leukocytosis, and periodontitis.

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2025;146(2):285-292) Prolapse repair is one of the most common surgeries performed in adult women. An overwhelming majority (80%) of individuals who undergo pelvic organ prolapse repair are prescribed opioids postoperatively, and for many individuals, this is their first exposure to these substances.

(Abstracted from Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024:166 Suppl 1:3-21) The availability of comprehensive health care services and cancer screening in high-income countries has greatly reduced the burden of certain cancers, such as cervical cancer. Although the burden has been significantly reduced, cervical cancer still represents a large health burden with high numbers of deaths attributed to it yearly across the world.