Oman Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

Background: Implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation has gained popularity as a surgical option for the correction of high myopia. This study aimed to evaluate the visual outcomes, patient satisfaction, and safety of ICL implantation by combining objective and subjective parameters for a comprehensive assessment.

Methods: This prospective, interventional study included 67 eyes from 37 patients who underwent ICL implantation. Visual acuity, refractive outcomes, anterior chamber depth, ICL vault, endothelial cell density, intraocular pressure, and patient satisfaction using the Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (VFQ-25) were assessed preoperatively and at various postoperative time points up to 12 months.

Results: At 12 months postoperatively, the mean uncorrected distance visual acuity improved to 0.10 ± 0.08 LogMAR, and the mean corrected distance visual acuity improved to 0.04 ± 0.05 LogMAR. The mean spherical equivalent decreased from -10.57 ± 2.22 D preoperatively to -0.10 ± 0.25 D, with 95.5% of eyes within ±0.50 D of the target refraction. The mean ICL vault was stable at 625 ± 80 μm, and no significant endothelial cell loss or complications were observed. The mean composite VFQ-25 score improved significantly from 72.87 ± 11.23 preoperatively to 93.39 ± 4.68 at 12 months postoperatively (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that ICL implantation is a safe, effective, and predictable option for the correction of high myopia, providing excellent visual outcomes, refractive stability, and significant improvements in patient satisfaction and quality of life. The combination of objective and subjective parameters provides a comprehensive assessment of surgical success and patient-reported outcomes.

Background: Assessing central and peripheral contrast sensitivity (CS) in myopic patients with varying degrees of refractive error using Spaeth/Richman contrast sensitivity test (SPARCS) and compared it with emmetropic individuals.

Materials and methods: CS of 50 consecutive myopic individuals of varying severity was matched with emmetropes using an online CS test, SPARCS, and Pelli-Robson test. Group comparisons for continuously distributed data were made using analysis of variance (ANOVA) when comparing the groups. A post hoc analysis was also done to compare pairs of each group. SPARCS scores were correlated with age and gender.

Results: Data of 126 eyes, 96 eyes from 50 myopes and 30 eyes from 15 emmetropes, were analyzed. The total SPARCS scores of Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 75.15 ± 9.59, 76.48 ± 7.74, 74.55 ± 7.48, and 86.43 + 5.3, respectively. Univariate ANOVA analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in total SPARCS score distribution in the three subgroups with myopia (P = 0.048) and between all the groups (P = 0.000). No statistically significant difference was seen between the groups when comparing the individual SPARCS scores with either age or gender.

Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a significant difference in the CS in patients with varying severity of myopia and assessing peripheral CS is an important adjunct to central CS.

This study aimed to report the efficacy and outcome safety of capsular tension segment (CTS) combined with capsular tension ring (CTR) in ectopia lentis in children. This retrospective case series included patients with nontraumatic ectopia lentis under 18 years old who underwent intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with CTS and CTR combined between 2022 and 2023. The primary outcomes were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), IOL centration, and postoperative complications. Four patients, aged 6, 9, 10, and 13, had bilateral subluxated lenses and underwent the surgery. Ectopia lentis with a suspicion of Marfan syndrome was established as the diagnosis. Improvement of the BCVA and IOL centration was seen in all the patients. Posterior capsular opacification occurred in one patient, who was then treated with Nd: YAG capsulotomy. IOL implantation with a combination of CTS and CTR showed a promising visual outcome in children with ectopia lentis.

Background: Penetrating ocular trauma is a severe form of eye injury in children. The purpose of this study is to describe the clinico-epidemiological features of endophthalmitis-associated penetrating ocular trauma in children.

Materials and methods: In this single-center retrospective study, the medical records of children diagnosed with endophthalmitis-associated ocular penetrating trauma were reviewed during the 5-year study period.

Results: From 375 cases of children with penetrating ocular injuries, 13 cases (3.5%) of endophthalmitis following penetrative ocular trauma were identified. The patients' ages ranged from 4 to 18 years. The majority of children were male (69.2%) in preschool age. The most common source of penetration was wood, which accounted for 5 of 13 cases (38.5%), followed by knife and then wire. An intraocular foreign body was detected in three cases of endophthalmitis. Most patients had visual acuity of hand motion or count fingers.

Conclusions: Most open-globe injuries and associated endophthalmitis in this study are related to accidental events. More consideration should be taken in attempting to prevent perforating ocular injuries and the consequence of endophthalmitis in children.

We present the case of a 52-year-old male with a complex clinical presentation involving frontal sinus osteomyelitis (OM), mechanical ptosis, and extrusion of frontal bone sequestrum under the upper lid skin. He gave a history of chronic sinusitis, an uncontrolled diabetic for the past 2 years. The patient had a history of chronic sinusitis and poorly controlled diabetes for the past 2 years. Histopathological examination of excised sequestrum, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, confirmed a diagnosis of mucormycosis. Anterior segment examination revealed a corneal melt with a shallow anterior chamber. Initial management included the application of an amniotic membrane to promote epithelization. This is the first reported case of frontal bone OM leading to corneal melt, attributed to the mechanical erosion caused by the sequestered bone impinging on the corneal surface.

Extreme high myopia is associated with structural changes to the eye. The elongation of the eye, with associated choroidal thinning and macular atrophy, makes these eyes more susceptible to complex retinal detachments (RD). In this case series, we present the course of four pediatric cases with RD. All children had extreme myopia (-8.0 D to - 16.0 D). They presented with symptoms of squinting or abnormal pupillary reflex. Two had a choroidal detachment at presentation, whereas the other two had macular holes causing RD. All four required multiple surgical procedures, with anatomical success in three cases. Final visual acuity was no perception of light in all four eyes. Pediatric RD in extreme high myopia is challenging. Anatomical success needs multiple surgical procedures, but functional outcome remains dismal.