Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2023-11-27DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2023.2280983
Mahmoud T KhalafAllah, Mohamed Alaa Gouda, Ahmad Samir Alfaar
Purpose: To investigate lacrimal gland malignancies' incidence and survival rates in the USA between 1995 and 2018.
Methods: Incidence and survival data from the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries of lacrimal gland malignancies between 1996 and 2018 were extracted and analyzed.
Results: This study analyzed data pertaining to 3620 patients (females 56.7%, n = 2051). A sizable number of patients were 60-79 years of age (45.1%, n = 1633), with a substantial majority being of the non-Hispanic white ethnicity (82.9%, n = 3002). A little above half of patients (52.1%, n = 1886) had presented with a localized disease. Lymphomas represented 59.3% (n = 2146) of lacrimal gland malignancies, while 37% (n = 1339) were carcinomas. The cumulative age-adjusted incidence rate per million was 0.53 for all malignancies, 0.31 for lymphomas, and 0.2 for carcinomas. While the annual crude incidence rate showed a significant steady increase (average annual change of 1.24%; P < .05), age-adjusted rates did not show a similar trend. The five- and 10-year relative survival rates were 88.64 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 85.81-90.93) and 80.26 months (95%CI: 76.21-83.7), respectively. Older age, non-lymphoma tumors, and advanced stage at diagnosis were significantly associated with worse outcomes. Relative survival rates did not show significant changes from 1995 to 2018, irrespective of gender, race or treatment received.
Conclusions: Early detection and localized tumor management can improve survival outcomes for patients with lacrimal gland malignancies. Further research is needed to understand these malignancies' risk profiles and develop more effective treatment strategies.
{"title":"In-Depth Analysis of Incidence and Survival of Lacrimal Gland Malignancies in the United States of America from 1995 to 2018.","authors":"Mahmoud T KhalafAllah, Mohamed Alaa Gouda, Ahmad Samir Alfaar","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2280983","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2280983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate lacrimal gland malignancies' incidence and survival rates in the USA between 1995 and 2018.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Incidence and survival data from the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries of lacrimal gland malignancies between 1996 and 2018 were extracted and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study analyzed data pertaining to 3620 patients (females 56.7%, <i>n</i> = 2051). A sizable number of patients were 60-79 years of age (45.1%, <i>n</i> = 1633), with a substantial majority being of the non-Hispanic white ethnicity (82.9%, <i>n</i> = 3002). A little above half of patients (52.1%, <i>n</i> = 1886) had presented with a localized disease. Lymphomas represented 59.3% (<i>n</i> = 2146) of lacrimal gland malignancies, while 37% (<i>n</i> = 1339) were carcinomas. The cumulative age-adjusted incidence rate per million was 0.53 for all malignancies, 0.31 for lymphomas, and 0.2 for carcinomas. While the annual crude incidence rate showed a significant steady increase (average annual change of 1.24%; <i>P</i> < .05), age-adjusted rates did not show a similar trend. The five- and 10-year relative survival rates were 88.64 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 85.81-90.93) and 80.26 months (95%CI: 76.21-83.7), respectively. Older age, non-lymphoma tumors, and advanced stage at diagnosis were significantly associated with worse outcomes. Relative survival rates did not show significant changes from 1995 to 2018, irrespective of gender, race or treatment received.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early detection and localized tumor management can improve survival outcomes for patients with lacrimal gland malignancies. Further research is needed to understand these malignancies' risk profiles and develop more effective treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138445686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2023.2279102
Ving Fai Chan, Michelle Fernandes Martins, Omar Juma Othman, Ai Chee Yong, Damaris Mulewa, Christine Graham, Carlos Price-Sanchez, Ronnie Graham, Adrianna Farmer, Eden Mashayo, Fatma Omar
Purpose: Uncorrected presbyopia has been shown to reduce Zanzibari women's quality of life. In this mixed-methods study, we examined the subjective wellbeing and self-reported work performance among older women entrepreneurs with functional presbyopia before and shortly after correction, and how poor vision at close distance affected their daily lives.
Methods: Women entrepreneurs underwent eye examination to identify those with uncorrected functional presbyopia. Their subjective wellbeing and work performance were both measured in Cantril's ladder. Ready-made glasses were then provided and 30 minutes to an hour later, their subjective wellbeing and work performance was remeasured. Twenty women entrepreneurs were interviewed to understand their lived experience with uncorrected presbyopia.
Results: Two-hundred-seventeen women entrepreneurs were included in the survey (mean age 51.6 years, SD 8.64). Women entrepreneurs had a mean subjective wellbeing score of 3.32 (SD 1.10) pre-correction and 5.99 (SD 1.13) post-correction (p < .001), and a mean self-rated current work performance score of 4.62 (SD 1.36) before correction and 5.47 (SD 1.35) post-correction (p < .001). One-hundred-and-ninety (87.6%) and 121 women entrepreneurs (55.8%) rated their current subjective wellbeing and work performance scores < 5, respectively. Around 1/4 of women entrepreneurs reported having severe difficulties with near tasks.
Conclusion: Poor vision at a close distance caused by uncorrected functional presbyopia negatively affected economic, physical and psychosocial aspects of women entrepreneurs' lives. Subjective wellbeing and self-reported work productivity scores improved significantly shortly after presbyopia was corrected. More research with longer follow-up is needed to understand the full benefits of correcting presbyopia.
目的:未经矫正的老花眼已被证明会降低桑给巴尔妇女的生活质量。在这项混合方法研究中,我们调查了患有功能性老花眼的老年女企业家在矫正前和矫正后不久的主观幸福感和自我报告的工作表现,以及近距离视力差如何影响她们的日常生活。方法:女企业家接受眼科检查,以确定那些未矫正的功能性老花眼。他们的主观幸福感和工作表现都是用Cantril的阶梯来衡量的。然后提供现成的玻璃杯,30 几分钟到一个小时后,他们的主观幸福感和工作表现被重新测量。20名女企业家接受了采访,以了解她们未经矫正的老花眼的生活经历。结果:217名女企业家被纳入调查(平均年龄51.6岁) 年,标准差8.64)。女性企业家的主观幸福感平均得分在校正前为3.32(标准差1.10),校正后为5.99(标准差1.13)(p p 结论:未矫正的功能性老花眼引起的近距离视力低下对女企业家生活的经济、身体和心理方面产生了负面影响。在老花眼矫正后不久,主观幸福感和自我报告的工作效率得分显著改善。需要更多的研究和更长的随访时间来了解矫正老花眼的全部好处。
{"title":"Subjective Wellbeing, Work Performance and Lived Experience of Zanzibari Women Entrepreneurs with Uncorrected Functional Presbyopia: A Pre-Post Mixed-Methods Study.","authors":"Ving Fai Chan, Michelle Fernandes Martins, Omar Juma Othman, Ai Chee Yong, Damaris Mulewa, Christine Graham, Carlos Price-Sanchez, Ronnie Graham, Adrianna Farmer, Eden Mashayo, Fatma Omar","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2279102","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2279102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Uncorrected presbyopia has been shown to reduce Zanzibari women's quality of life. In this mixed-methods study, we examined the subjective wellbeing and self-reported work performance among older women entrepreneurs with functional presbyopia before and shortly after correction, and how poor vision at close distance affected their daily lives.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Women entrepreneurs underwent eye examination to identify those with uncorrected functional presbyopia. Their subjective wellbeing and work performance were both measured in Cantril's ladder. Ready-made glasses were then provided and 30 minutes to an hour later, their subjective wellbeing and work performance was remeasured. Twenty women entrepreneurs were interviewed to understand their lived experience with uncorrected presbyopia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two-hundred-seventeen women entrepreneurs were included in the survey (mean age 51.6 years, SD 8.64). Women entrepreneurs had a mean subjective wellbeing score of 3.32 (SD 1.10) pre-correction and 5.99 (SD 1.13) post-correction (<i>p</i> < .001), and a mean self-rated current work performance score of 4.62 (SD 1.36) before correction and 5.47 (SD 1.35) post-correction (<i>p</i> < .001). One-hundred-and-ninety (87.6%) and 121 women entrepreneurs (55.8%) rated their current subjective wellbeing and work performance scores < 5, respectively. Around 1/4 of women entrepreneurs reported having severe difficulties with near tasks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Poor vision at a close distance caused by uncorrected functional presbyopia negatively affected economic, physical and psychosocial aspects of women entrepreneurs' lives. Subjective wellbeing and self-reported work productivity scores improved significantly shortly after presbyopia was corrected. More research with longer follow-up is needed to understand the full benefits of correcting presbyopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11229787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71484608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2023-10-03DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2023.2264387
Grace L Qiao, Frederick S Mikelberg, Mahyar Etminan
Purpose: To examine the possible link between acute angle closure (AAC) with use of diuretics.
Methods: A nested case-control study (NCC) was conducted among a cohort of diuretic users using the PharMetrics Plus database from 2006 to 2020. Cases were identified as the first international classification of diseases 9th and 10th editions (ICD-9/10) code for ACC. For each case, 4 controls were selected and matched to the cases by age and sex using density-based sampling. A conditional logistic regression model was used to compute rate ratios (RRs) adjusted for the drugs topiramate, bupropion, sulphonamide antibiotics, acetazolamide, and sulfasalazine. The RRs for a negative control drug, amlodipine, was also assessed.
Results: From the initial cohort of 713 574 diuretics users, 1 553 cases and 6 212 controls were identified. No increase in the risk of AAC with current users of diuretics was found (RR = 1.06, (95% CI: 0.81-1.37) for all diuretics; RR = 0.97, (95% CI: 0.71-1.32) for thiazides; RR = 1.24, (95% CI: 0.90-1.73) for loop diuretics; RR = 0.99, (95% CI: 0.73-1.36) for potassium sparing).
Conclusion: We found no increase in the risk of acute angle closure with use of diuretics. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings.
{"title":"Use of Diuretics and Risk of Acute Angle Closure: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Grace L Qiao, Frederick S Mikelberg, Mahyar Etminan","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2264387","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2264387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the possible link between acute angle closure (AAC) with use of diuretics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nested case-control study (NCC) was conducted among a cohort of diuretic users using the PharMetrics Plus database from 2006 to 2020. Cases were identified as the first international classification of diseases 9<sup>th</sup> and 10<sup>th</sup> editions (ICD-9/10) code for ACC. For each case, 4 controls were selected and matched to the cases by age and sex using density-based sampling. A conditional logistic regression model was used to compute rate ratios (RRs) adjusted for the drugs topiramate, bupropion, sulphonamide antibiotics, acetazolamide, and sulfasalazine. The RRs for a negative control drug, amlodipine, was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the initial cohort of 713 574 diuretics users, 1 553 cases and 6 212 controls were identified. No increase in the risk of AAC with current users of diuretics was found (RR = 1.06, (95% CI: 0.81-1.37) for all diuretics; RR = 0.97, (95% CI: 0.71-1.32) for thiazides; RR = 1.24, (95% CI: 0.90-1.73) for loop diuretics; RR = 0.99, (95% CI: 0.73-1.36) for potassium sparing).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found no increase in the risk of acute angle closure with use of diuretics. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41109920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2023-10-30DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2023.2276193
Seongho Kim, Bo Hee Kim, Kyungdo Han, Mingui Kong, Su Jeong Song
Purpose: To evaluate the association between three allergic diseases (allergic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma) and the development of retinal vein occlusion (RVO), a major retinal disease that causes visual impairment.
Method: This study used data obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Claims database between 2009 and 2018. The association between the three atopic triads (allergic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma) and the occurrence of sight-threatening RVO, as determined by diagnostic and treatment codes, were analyzed. Multivariate adjusted Cox regression analysis was used to determine the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals for RVO development in the presence of allergic disease.
Results: In this population-based study, 2,160,195 (54.6%) individuals were male, 1,794,968 (45.4%) were female, and 620,938 (15.7%) were diagnosed with allergic diseases. Patients with either asthma or allergic rhinitis had a greater risk of RVO (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.101, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.029-1.178 for asthma; aHR = 1.181, 95% CI = 1.147-1.215 for allergic rhinitis) compared to those without asthma or allergic rhinitis; however, patients with atopic dermatitis did not show a significant association with RVO (aHR = 1.071, 95% CI = 0.889-1.290), after adjusting for other risk factors.
Conclusion: Our study revealed that allergic rhinitis, asthma, and coexisting multiple allergic conditions were associated with an increased risk of RVO. Thus, it may be advisable to suggest an ophthalmological examination for patients with allergies due to the increased possibility of the occurrence of retinal vascular disease.
{"title":"Association Between Three Atopic Triad and Retinal Vein Occlusion Risk: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.","authors":"Seongho Kim, Bo Hee Kim, Kyungdo Han, Mingui Kong, Su Jeong Song","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2276193","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2276193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the association between three allergic diseases (allergic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma) and the development of retinal vein occlusion (RVO), a major retinal disease that causes visual impairment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study used data obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Claims database between 2009 and 2018. The association between the three atopic triads (allergic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma) and the occurrence of sight-threatening RVO, as determined by diagnostic and treatment codes, were analyzed. Multivariate adjusted Cox regression analysis was used to determine the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals for RVO development in the presence of allergic disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this population-based study, 2,160,195 (54.6%) individuals were male, 1,794,968 (45.4%) were female, and 620,938 (15.7%) were diagnosed with allergic diseases. Patients with either asthma or allergic rhinitis had a greater risk of RVO (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.101, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.029-1.178 for asthma; aHR = 1.181, 95% CI = 1.147-1.215 for allergic rhinitis) compared to those without asthma or allergic rhinitis; however, patients with atopic dermatitis did not show a significant association with RVO (aHR = 1.071, 95% CI = 0.889-1.290), after adjusting for other risk factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study revealed that allergic rhinitis, asthma, and coexisting multiple allergic conditions were associated with an increased risk of RVO. Thus, it may be advisable to suggest an ophthalmological examination for patients with allergies due to the increased possibility of the occurrence of retinal vascular disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71413290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2023.2261528
Koh Yunqi, Li Zhenghao Kelvin, Yau Siew Lian, Quah Hui Min, Tan Huiling Sheryl, Marilyn Chan Min, Tay Yuan Fang, Khin Lay Wai, Chua Chun Hau, Yip Vivien Cherng Hui, Vernon Yong Khet Yau, Wong Hon Tym
Purpose: Community Eye Clinics (CEC) increase accessibility of specialist ophthalmic services in the community, reducing demand for tertiary eye services. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of CEC on first-visit referrals from Hougang Polyclinic (HOU) to Tan Tock Seng Hospital Ophthalmology Specialist Outpatient Clinic (SOC).
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on first-visit referrals from Hougang Polyclinic (HOU) to Tan Tock Seng Hospital Ophthalmology Specialist Outpatient Clinic (SOC) over a similar 3-months period before and after the introduction of CEC in August 2018 (1 January to 31 March in 2018 and 2019, respectively). Data pertaining to patients' presenting complaints, referral reasons, final diagnoses, follow-up plans, and need for ophthalmic intervention were obtained.
Results: We included 978 patients in our study. There was a 27.5% reduction in the number of first-visit referrals seen at SOC after the establishment of CEC. Patients were more likely to be referred on to sub-specialty eye clinics (10.8% vs. 12.9%, p= p = .304) and receive more ophthalmic interventions (15% vs. 16.3%, p = .066) than prior to CEC.
Conclusion: The CEC provides greater accessibility to eye care within the community. Optometrists are upskilled to manage patients with stable eye conditions, whilst eye specialists can provide timely care to the SOC for patients with more severe eye conditions.
{"title":"Impact of Community Eye Clinics (CEC) on Specialist Eye Clinic Referrals.","authors":"Koh Yunqi, Li Zhenghao Kelvin, Yau Siew Lian, Quah Hui Min, Tan Huiling Sheryl, Marilyn Chan Min, Tay Yuan Fang, Khin Lay Wai, Chua Chun Hau, Yip Vivien Cherng Hui, Vernon Yong Khet Yau, Wong Hon Tym","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2261528","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2261528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Community Eye Clinics (CEC) increase accessibility of specialist ophthalmic services in the community, reducing demand for tertiary eye services. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of CEC on first-visit referrals from Hougang Polyclinic (HOU) to Tan Tock Seng Hospital Ophthalmology Specialist Outpatient Clinic (SOC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was performed on first-visit referrals from Hougang Polyclinic (HOU) to Tan Tock Seng Hospital Ophthalmology Specialist Outpatient Clinic (SOC) over a similar 3-months period before and after the introduction of CEC in August 2018 (1 January to 31 March in 2018 and 2019, respectively). Data pertaining to patients' presenting complaints, referral reasons, final diagnoses, follow-up plans, and need for ophthalmic intervention were obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 978 patients in our study. There was a 27.5% reduction in the number of first-visit referrals seen at SOC after the establishment of CEC. Patients were more likely to be referred on to sub-specialty eye clinics (10.8% vs. 12.9%, <i>p</i>= <i>p</i> = .304) and receive more ophthalmic interventions (15% vs. 16.3%, <i>p</i> = .066) than prior to CEC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CEC provides greater accessibility to eye care within the community. Optometrists are upskilled to manage patients with stable eye conditions, whilst eye specialists can provide timely care to the SOC for patients with more severe eye conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41208069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: To assess the prevalence of and risk factors for fundus pathology in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a cohort from northeastern China.
Methods: Patients were included from the Fushun Diabetic Retinopathy Cohort Study. Patients aged ≥ 30 years with T2DM were recruited between July 2012 and May 2013. Fundus pathology included retinal vascular occlusion (RVO), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), macular pathology, pathologic myopia (PM) and glaucomatous optic atrophy (GOA).
Results: A Total of 1998 patients with gradable fundus photographs were included in this study, of whom 388 (19.42%) had fundus pathology regardless of whether they had diabetic retinopathy (DR). There were 187 (9.36%) patients with AMD, 97 (4.85%) with GOA, 67 (3.35%) with macular pathology, 35 (1.75%) with PM and 23 (1.15%) with RVO. Advanced age was significantly associated with AMD (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.01-1.05), macular pathology (OR, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.03-1.09) and GOA (OR, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.04-1.09). A wider central retinal arteriolar equivalent was protective against PM (OR, 95% CI: 0.78, 0.66-0.92). Wider central retinal venular equivalent was a protective factor for PM (OR, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.68-0.82) and GOA (OR, 95% CI: 0.93, 0.87-0.99).
Conclusions: One-fifth of these patients in northeast China with T2DM had fundus pathology regardless of whether they had DR, indicating the importance of early screening and long-term follow-up.
{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Fundus Pathology in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in a Northeastern Chinese Cohort.","authors":"Wei Lin, Dong Li, Liang Wen, Yu Wang, Zhong Lin, Fenghua Wang, Yuanbo Liang","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2260855","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2260855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the prevalence of and risk factors for fundus pathology in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a cohort from northeastern China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were included from the Fushun Diabetic Retinopathy Cohort Study. Patients aged ≥ 30 years with T2DM were recruited between July 2012 and May 2013. Fundus pathology included retinal vascular occlusion (RVO), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), macular pathology, pathologic myopia (PM) and glaucomatous optic atrophy (GOA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A Total of 1998 patients with gradable fundus photographs were included in this study, of whom 388 (19.42%) had fundus pathology regardless of whether they had diabetic retinopathy (DR). There were 187 (9.36%) patients with AMD, 97 (4.85%) with GOA, 67 (3.35%) with macular pathology, 35 (1.75%) with PM and 23 (1.15%) with RVO. Advanced age was significantly associated with AMD (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.01-1.05), macular pathology (OR, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.03-1.09) and GOA (OR, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.04-1.09). A wider central retinal arteriolar equivalent was protective against PM (OR, 95% CI: 0.78, 0.66-0.92). Wider central retinal venular equivalent was a protective factor for PM (OR, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.68-0.82) and GOA (OR, 95% CI: 0.93, 0.87-0.99).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>One-fifth of these patients in northeast China with T2DM had fundus pathology regardless of whether they had DR, indicating the importance of early screening and long-term follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41132972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2023-10-05DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2023.2266831
Rahul S Iyengar, Michael Krautmann, Satyaprabha Kotha, John Macom, Nick Kourgialis, Joshua R Ehrlich
Purpose: Indonesia is a rapidly growing county with over 262 million inhabitants, but among highly populated countries it has one of the lowest concentrations of eye care providers. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a program implemented in South Sulawesi, Indonesia that trained school teachers to conduct vision screenings, organized in-school evaluations by opticians, and provided free eyeglasses to school children with refractive error (RE).
Methods: Schoolteachers across 6 districts in South Sulawesi were trained to screen children with possible RE for subsequent evaluation by opticians. All costs associated with designing and implementing the program (administration, training personnel, labor, service delivery, etc.) were assessed. Expenditures and outcomes data were utilized to calculate the cost per disability-adjusted-life-year (DALY) averted using both 2010 and 2016 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) weights.
Results: 521 teachers screened 41,212 students across 172 schools in South Sulawesi. 4,506 (10.9%) students failed screening, 2,652 were seen by optometrists, and 2,038 received glasses.The total program cost was US$97,380, with glasses (39.6%) and labor (23.3%) accounting for the two biggest expenditures. In districts with school-based refraction services, the costs per student screened, refracted, and receiving glasses were $2.57, $31.33, and $41.40, respectively; costs were $2.04, $59.80, and $73.22 when district services were instead provided centrally. The estimated cost per DALY averted was US$89.04 based on GBD 2010 weights.
Conclusion: Treating children with correctable RE in limited resource settings can be done cost-effectively through a school-based model.
{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a Regional Program for Identifying and Treating Children with Correctable Refractive Error in Indonesia.","authors":"Rahul S Iyengar, Michael Krautmann, Satyaprabha Kotha, John Macom, Nick Kourgialis, Joshua R Ehrlich","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2266831","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2266831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Indonesia is a rapidly growing county with over 262 million inhabitants, but among highly populated countries it has one of the lowest concentrations of eye care providers. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a program implemented in South Sulawesi, Indonesia that trained school teachers to conduct vision screenings, organized in-school evaluations by opticians, and provided free eyeglasses to school children with refractive error (RE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Schoolteachers across 6 districts in South Sulawesi were trained to screen children with possible RE for subsequent evaluation by opticians. All costs associated with designing and implementing the program (administration, training personnel, labor, service delivery, etc.) were assessed. Expenditures and outcomes data were utilized to calculate the cost per disability-adjusted-life-year (DALY) averted using both 2010 and 2016 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) weights.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>521 teachers screened 41,212 students across 172 schools in South Sulawesi. 4,506 (10.9%) students failed screening, 2,652 were seen by optometrists, and 2,038 received glasses.The total program cost was US$97,380, with glasses (39.6%) and labor (23.3%) accounting for the two biggest expenditures. In districts with school-based refraction services, the costs per student screened, refracted, and receiving glasses were $2.57, $31.33, and $41.40, respectively; costs were $2.04, $59.80, and $73.22 when district services were instead provided centrally. The estimated cost per DALY averted was US$89.04 based on GBD 2010 weights.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Treating children with correctable RE in limited resource settings can be done cost-effectively through a school-based model.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41121747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2024.2371458
Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Jehanzeb Khan, Chen Dun, Grant Justin, Martin A Makary, Fasika A Woreta
Purpose: To explore patient and surgeon characteristics for open globe injury repairs (OGRs) and rates of subsequent operations.
Methods: Using a retrospective cohort design, eyes of patients ≥18 years who underwent OGR among 100% Medicare Fee-For-Service dataset from 2011 to 2020 were included. Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®) codes were used to identify OGR. Patient characteristics were reported, and surgeon characteristics were stratified by sex and compared using Chi-square and Student's t-test. Overall rate of subsequent operations was reported, and trends of subsequent operations over time were assessed using Cochrane-Armitage trend test.
Results: A total of 16,576 patients with a mean age of 73.89 years (±12.89) underwent OGR. Most patients were White (79.68%, n = 13,207) and 49.44% (n = 8196) were female. More patients resided in a rural area (18.71%; n = 3102) relative to surgeon location (4.51%, n = 748; p < 0.001). A total of 5,898 surgeons performed these OGRs with 77.33% (n = 4,561) male and 22.67% (n = 1,337) female surgeons. Male surgeons performed most of the OGRs (76.35%, n = 12,655; p < 0.001). On average, a surgeon performed a single OGR annually (Mean: 1.08 ± 1.04; Range: 0.11-40). Among all OGRs, 51% (8,452/16,576) had ≥1 subsequent operations in median 29 days (IQR: 10-86), which increased during the last decade from 47% to 51% (p = 0.008).
Conclusion: Geographic and workforce disparities in ocular trauma warrant future investigation. Further studies can also assess the reasons for increase in the incidence of subsequent procedures after OGR over time.
{"title":"Open Globe Injury Repairs Among Medicare Beneficiaries from 2011 to 2020.","authors":"Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Jehanzeb Khan, Chen Dun, Grant Justin, Martin A Makary, Fasika A Woreta","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2371458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2371458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore patient and surgeon characteristics for open globe injury repairs (OGRs) and rates of subsequent operations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a retrospective cohort design, eyes of patients ≥18 years who underwent OGR among 100% Medicare Fee-For-Service dataset from 2011 to 2020 were included. Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®) codes were used to identify OGR. Patient characteristics were reported, and surgeon characteristics were stratified by sex and compared using Chi-square and Student's t-test. Overall rate of subsequent operations was reported, and trends of subsequent operations over time were assessed using Cochrane-Armitage trend test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16,576 patients with a mean age of 73.89 years (±12.89) underwent OGR. Most patients were White (79.68%, <i>n</i> = 13,207) and 49.44% (<i>n</i> = 8196) were female. More patients resided in a rural area (18.71%; <i>n</i> = 3102) relative to surgeon location (4.51%, <i>n</i> = 748; <i>p</i> < 0.001). A total of 5,898 surgeons performed these OGRs with 77.33% (<i>n</i> = 4,561) male and 22.67% (<i>n</i> = 1,337) female surgeons. Male surgeons performed most of the OGRs (76.35%, <i>n</i> = 12,655; <i>p</i> < 0.001). On average, a surgeon performed a single OGR annually (Mean: 1.08 ± 1.04; Range: 0.11-40). Among all OGRs, 51% (8,452/16,576) had ≥1 subsequent operations in median 29 days (IQR: 10-86), which increased during the last decade from 47% to 51% (<i>p</i> = 0.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Geographic and workforce disparities in ocular trauma warrant future investigation. Further studies can also assess the reasons for increase in the incidence of subsequent procedures after OGR over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2024.2372045
Evan Bilsbury, Marina Mautner Wizentier, Emma Wood, Sean Doherty, James Ledwith, Juan Ding
Purpose: This retrospective observational study of health claims data seeks to quantify the prolonged impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on DR screening rates in central Massachusetts.
Methods: Retrospective claims data from the UMass Memorial Managed Care Network were collected for the years of 2018-2022. Comprehensive and DR screening exams were identified using CPT codes for patients with diabetes. Data were derived from claims submitted by the UMass Memorial Managed Care network to four insurance programs via CPT billing code for comprehensive and DR screening exams for patients with diabetes. Over one million claims for the years 01/2018-05/2022 were collected.
Results: We found a significant decrease in unadjusted DR screening rates in the post-lockdown period compared to the pre-COVID-19 period (p < 0.001). Bivariate analysis revealed a 15.1% decrease in weekly DR screenings during post-lockdown (RR = 0.849, 95% CI = 0.811, 0.888). After adjusting for seasonal variation, the mean weekly DR screening rate was 12% lower in the post-lockdown period, with a 95% CI of 6.1% to 17.5% decrease (Adjusted RR = 0.880, 95% CI = 0.825, 0.939 Stratified analysis based on patient status revealed a significant decrease in adjusted DR screening rates for established patients post-lockdown compared to pre-pandemic (p < 0.0001), while no significant difference was observed for new patients (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The impact of COVID-19 on DR screening and treatment rates persisted even after the resumption of non-essential care services, with a discrepancy between new and established patients. Future research should work to identify and overcome the barriers to DR screening.
目的:这项健康索赔数据回顾性观察研究旨在量化 COVID-19 大流行对马萨诸塞州中部地区 DR 筛查率的长期影响:从马萨诸塞大学纪念管理式医疗网络收集了 2018-2022 年的回顾性索赔数据。使用糖尿病患者的 CPT 编码确定了综合检查和 DR 筛查检查。数据来源于马萨诸塞大学纪念医院管理式医疗网络通过 CPT 账单代码向四项保险计划提交的糖尿病患者综合筛查和 DR 筛查的理赔申请。我们收集了超过 100 万份 01/2018-05/2022 年的报销单:我们发现,与 COVID-19 前相比,COVID-19 后未调整的 DR 筛查率明显下降(P P > 0.05):结论:COVID-19 对 DR 筛查和治疗率的影响在非必要医疗服务恢复后依然存在,新患者和老患者之间存在差异。未来的研究应致力于识别和克服 DR 筛查的障碍。
{"title":"The Continuing Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Diabetic Retinopathy Screenings.","authors":"Evan Bilsbury, Marina Mautner Wizentier, Emma Wood, Sean Doherty, James Ledwith, Juan Ding","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2372045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2372045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This retrospective observational study of health claims data seeks to quantify the prolonged impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on DR screening rates in central Massachusetts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective claims data from the UMass Memorial Managed Care Network were collected for the years of 2018-2022. Comprehensive and DR screening exams were identified using CPT codes for patients with diabetes. Data were derived from claims submitted by the UMass Memorial Managed Care network to four insurance programs via CPT billing code for comprehensive and DR screening exams for patients with diabetes. Over one million claims for the years 01/2018-05/2022 were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a significant decrease in unadjusted DR screening rates in the post-lockdown period compared to the pre-COVID-19 period (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Bivariate analysis revealed a 15.1% decrease in weekly DR screenings during post-lockdown (RR = 0.849, 95% CI = 0.811, 0.888). After adjusting for seasonal variation, the mean weekly DR screening rate was 12% lower in the post-lockdown period, with a 95% CI of 6.1% to 17.5% decrease (Adjusted RR = 0.880, 95% CI = 0.825, 0.939 Stratified analysis based on patient status revealed a significant decrease in adjusted DR screening rates for established patients post-lockdown compared to pre-pandemic (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), while no significant difference was observed for new patients (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The impact of COVID-19 on DR screening and treatment rates persisted even after the resumption of non-essential care services, with a discrepancy between new and established patients. Future research should work to identify and overcome the barriers to DR screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2024.2370260
Yu-Bai Chou, Hsin-Ho Chang, Hsun-I Chiu, Yiing-Jenq Chou, Christy Pu
Purpose: To explore potential risk factors for the development of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) in central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) over a two-year intensive follow-up period.
Methods: This study reviewed 1545 patients with CRVO between 2005 and 2019 at Taipei Veterans General Hospital. Inclusion was restricted to (1) patients with acute CRVO within 3 months; (2) patients with ocular neovascularization at initial presentation (3) patients had not received any treatment at the time of CRVO; (4) at least bimonthly follow-up schedule over the course of 2 years. The included patients were screened for potential risk factors for developing NVG and assessed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression model.
Results: Among the included 123 patients, the cumulative probability of developing NVG was 26.8% (33/123 cases) in overall follow-up period. The mean interval between the onset of CRVO and NVG was 507 days. Neither macular edema nor central macular thickness at baseline was correlated with the development of NVG (p =.104 and .25, respectively). Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), older age, and poor vision independently played significant risk factors for developing NVG after controlling other covariates. (p =.034, .001, and .013, respectively).
Conclusions: Patients presenting with CRVO who have comorbidities such as DM, older age, and worse VA warrant closer attention and intensive follow-up for the development of NVG. Additionally, the statistical analysis indicated that the presence of macular edema, increased central macular thickness, CV events, history of glaucoma, and early PRP within 3 months had no significant impact on the likelihood of developing NVG.
{"title":"Risk Factors for Developing Neovascular Glaucoma in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion: Two-Year Real-World Study.","authors":"Yu-Bai Chou, Hsin-Ho Chang, Hsun-I Chiu, Yiing-Jenq Chou, Christy Pu","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2370260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2370260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore potential risk factors for the development of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) in central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) over a two-year intensive follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study reviewed 1545 patients with CRVO between 2005 and 2019 at Taipei Veterans General Hospital. Inclusion was restricted to (1) patients with acute CRVO within 3 months; (2) patients with ocular neovascularization at initial presentation (3) patients had not received any treatment at the time of CRVO; (4) at least bimonthly follow-up schedule over the course of 2 years. The included patients were screened for potential risk factors for developing NVG and assessed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the included 123 patients, the cumulative probability of developing NVG was 26.8% (33/123 cases) in overall follow-up period. The mean interval between the onset of CRVO and NVG was 507 days. Neither macular edema nor central macular thickness at baseline was correlated with the development of NVG (<i>p</i> =.104 and .25, respectively). Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), older age, and poor vision independently played significant risk factors for developing NVG after controlling other covariates. (<i>p</i> =.034, .001, and .013, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients presenting with CRVO who have comorbidities such as DM, older age, and worse VA warrant closer attention and intensive follow-up for the development of NVG. Additionally, the statistical analysis indicated that the presence of macular edema, increased central macular thickness, CV events, history of glaucoma, and early PRP within 3 months had no significant impact on the likelihood of developing NVG.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}