Ornithology最新文献

{"title":"Sociality and morphology differentiate niches of 13 sympatric Amazonian woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptinae)","authors":"Luke L. Powell, Cameron L. Rutt, Karl Mokross, Jared D. Wolfe, Erik I. Johnson, Patricia F. Rodrigues, P. Stouffer","doi":"10.1093/ornithology/ukac002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukac002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptinae) represent a remarkably uniform group of brownish birds that move by hitching up tree trunks as they forage for arthropod prey. Despite these superficial similarities, we were able to uniquely differentiate the niches of all 13 species north of Manaus by integrating morphological traits (e.g., mass and bill size) with behavioral traits (e.g., sociality, stratum use, and foraging maneuvers). The 5 ant-following (myrmecophilous) species, with their larger bodies and heavier bills, were morphologically distinct from the 7 species that join mixed-species flocks. A combination of vertical stratum, mass, and bill length further distinguished among mixed-flocking species. Two canopy species—the solitary Dendrexetastes rufigula and the mixed-flocking Lepidocolaptes albolineatus—consistently foraged at higher strata than other species. For the remaining mixed-flocking species, the largest 3 species differed significantly by mass, whereas the smallest 3 species, which overlapped broadly in mass, were uniquely distinguished by bill length. The 5 ant-following species differed in their degree of specialization on ant swarms, from facultative (Hylexetastes perrotii) to obligate (Dendrocincla merula). The ant-followers also showed nearly discrete mass distributions that essentially differed by Hutchinsonian 1:1.3 ratios, which likely allows them to maintain interspecific dominance hierarchies at the front of raiding army ant swarms. The behaviors we quantified (sociality, vertical strata, and myrmecophily), together with morphology (mass and bill size), separated all 13 species. We speculate that niche partitioning and competitive exclusion allow each woodcreeper to uniquely access invertebrate prey, permitting coexistence and contributing to high alpha diversity at our study site.","PeriodicalId":19617,"journal":{"name":"Ornithology","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85599810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resource allocation underlies parental decision-making during incubation in the Manx Shearwater","authors":"Natasha Gillies, O. Padget, Martyna Syposz, Sarah L. Bond, T. Guilford","doi":"10.1093/ornithology/ukac006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukac006","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT For many bird species, trade-offs in resource allocation become stark during incubation, when caring demands put into direct conflict their investment in reproduction versus survival. We demonstrate the critical importance of resource allocation, here measured indirectly as body mass, for incubation behavior in the Manx Shearwater (Puffinus puffinus), a biparentally-caring seabird. Using daily measurements of body mass from breeding pairs in combination with field observations and remotely collected behavioral data, we examined how changes in mass related to nest attendance and foraging behavior. We furthermore tested whether this differed between the sexes and between pairs of different breeding experience. We found that while body mass predicted the probability that incubating birds would choose to temporarily desert the nest, incubation shift duration was ultimately set by return of the foraging bird. The trip durations of foraging birds in turn were primarily dictated by their body mass reserves on departure from the nest. However, foragers appeared to account for the condition of the incubating partner by returning from sea earlier when their partner was in poor condition. This key finding suggests that decisions relating to resource allocation may be made cooperatively within the breeding pair during incubation. Our results contribute to understanding the mechanisms by which individuals regulate both their own and their partner's incubation behavior, with implications for interacting with fine-scale resource availability. LAY SUMMARY During breeding, animals must strategically determine how much to invest in the competing demands of reproduction and survival, which has important consequences for behavior. When pairs expect to breed for multiple years, individuals may make decisions in cooperation with their partner to preserve energetic resources across the pair as a whole. Body mass reflects an individual's energetic reserves and therefore the resources available to allocate to reproduction and survival. Measuring body mass can therefore help researchers understand how and why animals make decisions relating to their behavior. We measured changes in body mass during incubation for the Manx Shearwater (Puffinus puffinus), a seabird species in which both parents care for the offspring. We were interested in how the maintenance of body mass relates to parental behavior, whether this differs between males and females, and whether parents behave cooperatively. We found that shearwaters determined their foraging trip durations during incubation based on a combination of their own body mass and that of the partner, providing evidence that parents factor their partner's condition into their decisions. RÉSUMÉ Pour plusieurs espèces d'oiseaux, les compromis dans l'allocation des ressources deviennent difficiles pendant l'incubation, lorsque les demandes en soins mettent directement en conflit l'investissement dans la reproduction et la surv","PeriodicalId":19617,"journal":{"name":"Ornithology","volume":"20 1","pages":"1 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89616902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual dichromatism may not be a good index of sexual or natural selection in the blue cardinalids (Aves: Passeriformes)","authors":"Natalia C. García, A. Barreira, P. Tubaro","doi":"10.1093/ornithology/ukac008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukac008","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT More than a century ago, Darwin and Wallace started a still ongoing debate over which are the predominant forces driving sexual dichromatism (i.e. differences in body coloration between males and females): is it sexual selection on males to become more attractive, or is it natural selection on females to become more cryptic? While these are not mutually exclusive, the degree of sexual dichromatism has been extensively used as a proxy of the intensity of one type of selection (sexual) on one of the sexes (males). Here, we evaluated the relationship between sexual dichromatism and two body-color features that can be under natural and/or sexual selection in each sex: conspicuousness against the background and colorfulness (which we defined as the variety of colors and mechanisms to produce them within an individual's plumage). We focused on the “blue clade” of the Cardinalidae bird family and considered the properties of their own visual system and those of potential raptor predators. We found that all blue cardinalids are sexually dichromatic, but levels of dichromatism vary within the clade. Males are on average more colorful than females, but neither male nor female colorfulness correlates with sexual dichromatism. Males are not more conspicuous than females against a vegetated background but are significantly more conspicuous against a nesting background than females. Yet, we found no correlation between conspicuousness and degree of sexual dichromatism. Our results suggest that, while both natural and sexual selection can drive color differences between the sexes, levels of sexual dichromatism do not necessarily reflect the intensity of selection forces in this clade. Our results highlight the importance of testing assumptions regarding the relationship between sexual dichromatism and color evolution in each sex, considering the properties of different visual systems, relevant to the ecology of the study model. LAY SUMMARY Males and females of many birds exhibit striking differences in body coloration (sexual dichromatism). Are these differences due to sexual selection to become more attractive, or natural selection to become more cryptic? Both processes can act on each sex, but sexual dichromatism is often used as a proxy of the intensity of sexual selection on males. Sexual selection could promote birds to be more conspicuous and colorful, while natural selection could have the opposite effect to make them more cryptic to predators. In the “blue clade” of the Cardinalidae family, sexual dichromatism shows no correlation with male or female colorfulness. Females are less conspicuous against a nesting background, but this trait was not correlated with levels of sexual dichromatism. Sexual dichromatism levels are not strongly correlated with any color trait we measured in either sex, suggesting it may not be a good index of the intensity of only one selective force acting on one sex. RESUMEN Hace más de un siglo, Darwin y Wallace inicia","PeriodicalId":19617,"journal":{"name":"Ornithology","volume":"4 1","pages":"1 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89079890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulnerable Neotropical migratory songbird demonstrates flexibility in space use in response to rainfall change","authors":"A. Brunner, P. Marra, C. Tonra","doi":"10.1093/ornithology/ukac005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukac005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Behavioral flexibility of individuals is essential if organisms are to ultimately adapt to climate change. As environmental conditions, such as precipitation patterns become increasingly variable, fine-scale spatiotemporal flexibility in space use may allow for individuals to track resources during periods of adverse or atypical conditions. Individual behavioral flexibility is observable over short timeframes and can therefore be used to assess resilience of a species to projected shifts in climate. The goal of our study was to determine if and how individuals modified their space and habitat use in response to rainfall-driven changes in resources throughout a period of atypical seasonal rainfall patterns. We used radio telemetry to estimate home ranges of nonbreeding Swainson’s Warblers (Limnothlypis swainsonii) in 2 time frames (bi-seasonally and bi-weekly) in Jamaica during dry and wet periods. We measured habitat structure and food (leaf litter arthropod) availability within each home range to determine possible predictors of space use change. Individuals modified the area and/or location of their home ranges with changes in precipitation, and those occupying more open habitats had greater changes in home range area as seasonal rainfall increased. As food increased following rain, individuals constricted their home ranges (bi-weekly) or shifted spatially (bi-seasonally) to a novel area with greater food availability. This suggests individuals are able to rapidly respond to how their environment changes, presumably adjusting to trade-offs between home range size and resource availability. This flexibility may be a key behavioral component in enduring long-term increasingly unpredictable environmental variability and may have population-level consequences. These responses are, however, mediated by habitat, suggesting the ability to respond to variable or poor conditions is not homogeneous across a population.","PeriodicalId":19617,"journal":{"name":"Ornithology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82007674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed-species flocking is associated with low arthropod detectability and increased foraging efficiency by Yungas forest birds in Argentina","authors":"G. Mangini, Karl Mokross, Facundo A. Gandoy, J. I. Areta","doi":"10.1093/ornithology/ukab087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukab087","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Mixed-species flocks presumably provide birds with antipredator and foraging benefits. The foraging benefits hypothesis predicts that a reduction in arthropod abundance will trigger flocking activity; however, flocking activity may also be influenced by the difficulty of detecting arthropods, a seldom explored possibility. We found that environmental traits (temperature and foliage density) combined with arthropod abundance explained arthropod detection by birds in the Yungas foothill forest of NW Argentina. Prey detection was inversely related to ambient temperature and foliage density while positively associated with arthropod abundance. Based on this result, we built a structural equation model using a latent proxy variable for arthropod detectability, arthropod crypsis, integrating ambient temperature, foliage density, and proportion of immature arthropods. This model allowed us to compare the relative importance of arthropod abundance and the difficulty in detecting prey items as predictors of flocking propensity. After 2 yr of studying 129 mixed-species flocks, 1,351 bird foraging sequences, and 25,591 arthropod captures, we found that the flocking propensity of birds was only significantly correlated with arthropod detectability and not with arthropod abundance. Flocking propensity peaked when the arthropod community was comprised of proportionately more immature and non-flying arthropods, the temperature was low, and the foliage cover was denser; all factors are contributing to a low arthropod detectability. Finally, we evaluated whether joining mixed-species flocks provided foraging benefits such as increased foraging efficiency. Individuals benefited from joining flocks by an average increase of their prey-capture attempt rate of 40%, while the search rate increased by 16%. Our results add a new perspective on the drivers of mixed-species flocking by showing that the capacity to find prey items may have a more significant effect than prey abundance per se.","PeriodicalId":19617,"journal":{"name":"Ornithology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82147178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taming the temperature: Sagebrush songbirds modulate microclimate via nest-site selection","authors":"Tayler M. Scherr, A. Chalfoun","doi":"10.1093/ornithology/ukac004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukac004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Understanding species’ responses to temperature via behavior, and the factors affecting the extent of behavioral responses, is a critical and timely endeavor given the rapid pace at which the climate is changing. The young of altricial songbirds are particularly sensitive to temperature, and parents may modulate temperatures at nests via selection of nest sites, albeit to a largely unknown extent. We examined whether sagebrush-obligate songbirds, that reproduce within an open ecosystem with wide temperature fluctuations and span a range of body sizes, selected their nest sites on the basis of temperature. We further investigated whether nest predation risk and ambient conditions modulated temperature-based choices. We placed temperature loggers at nest sites and in unused but available nest niches and nest shrubs along a known predation-risk gradient and used nearby weather stations to determine ambient temperatures. The two smaller-bodied birds, Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri) and Sagebrush Sparrow (Artemisiospiza nevadensis), selected nest shrubs and niches that were warmer and less variable relative to unused sites whereas the larger bodied species, Sage Thrashers (Oreoscoptes montanus), did not. Brewer’s Sparrows and Sage Thrashers dampened selection for warmer nest sites when temperatures experienced during the nest-site prospecting period were warmer. None of the three species altered nest-site selection with respect to temperature in response to ambient temperature variability or our index of nest predation risk. The microhabitat characteristics that most influenced temperatures at nests varied across species. Our results suggest that songbirds can modulate temperatures at nests to some extent, and such responses can vary depending on the conditions experienced prior to nest initiation. Responses also varied across species, likely reflecting different physiological tolerances. The extent to which breeding birds will be able to continue to proximately influence temperature via nest-site choices likely will depend on the extent and rate of future climatic shifts.","PeriodicalId":19617,"journal":{"name":"Ornithology","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83934682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book of Birds: Introduction to Ornithology","authors":"D. A. Robinson","doi":"10.1093/ornithology/ukac007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukac007","url":null,"abstract":"In the burgeoning field of bird books, one needs to identify and fill an empty niche not yet occupied. John Faaborg’s Book of Birds: Introduction to Ornithology has done just that in taking an ecological perspective to understanding the basics of avian biology. The conversational prose and colorful illustrations and figures bring to life the ecology, evolution, and diversity of birds and make accessible the major concepts in avian biology to new students to ornithology. If one were considering adopting Faaborg’s book for an underclassman university course or purchasing the book for “anyone who might be interested in understanding birds” (Acknowledgments), the gestalt created by Faaborg would capture the attention of the intended audience. However, more advanced students in ornithology would be more appreciative with improvements on several fronts, including vestment into more comprehensive references (or an easier manner in which to find the cited literature references), better figures, and figure legends, as well as expansion in discussion beyond Nearctic literature. Mind, these comments are within the purvey of Faaborg’s goal of not creating a tome on ornithology, yet still a “fairly comprehensive” book. From the start, Faaborg’s writing is relaxed, which makes the conveyance of the material comfortable and conversational. Consequently, the reader feels guided through the topics rather than dictated to by a teacher. The handdrawn, colored illustrations by Claire Faaborg contribute to a book designed to make ornithology accessible to the masses. The book is organized into chapters that cover the evolution of birds, their anatomy and physiology, the evolution of avian diversity and related systematics, avian behavioral ecology, reproductive biology, and the economic and cultural value of birds. Following the book’s text, there is a “Notes” section that identifies the authors of numbered citations from the chapters, a bibliography of the citations included in the text and within the “Notes” section, a “Suggested Reading” section that briefly expounds upon selected topics from the text, and an index of terms used in the book. Faaborg writes many chapters in a story-telling manner, making otherwise heavyweight topics easy to read. For example, Faaborg elaborates on the continuing debate surrounding the evolution of birds (Chapter 1), going beyond the usual coverage of the thecodont/theropod perspectives to include something of the spirit of the parley. Thus, the reader will find the book to be very accessible. Beyond the tone, Faaborg takes an “ecological and evolutionary approach” to his presentation of ornithology basics.","PeriodicalId":19617,"journal":{"name":"Ornithology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88045716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide data reveal paraphyly in the sand plover complex (Charadrius mongolus/leschenaultii)","authors":"Chentao Wei, M. Schweizer, P. Tomkovich, V. Arkhipov, M. Romanov, Jonathan Martinez, Xin Lin, Naerhulan Halimubieke, Pinjia Que, Tong Mu, Qin Huang, Zhengwang Zhang, T. Székely, Yang Liu","doi":"10.1093/ornithology/ukab085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukab085","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Correct assessment of species limits and phylogenetic relationships is a prerequisite for studies in ecology and evolution. Even in well-studied groups such as birds, species delimitation often remains controversial. Traditional avian taxonomy is usually based on morphology, which might be misleading because of the contingent nature of evolutionary diversification. The sand plover complex (genus Charadrius) may be such an example wherein 2 Lesser Sand Plover C. mongolus subspecies groups have been proposed to comprise 2 species. We use genome-wide data of 765K SNPs to show that the widely accepted taxonomic treatment of this sand plover complex appears to be a paraphyletic grouping, with two Lesser Sand Plover subspecies groups found not to be each other’s closest relatives, and with the mongolus subspecies group being the sister taxon of Greater Sand Plover C. leschenaultii. Based on genomic and acoustic analyses, we propose a three-way split of the Sand Plover complex into the Siberian Sand Plover C. mongolus, Tibetan Sand Plover C. atrifrons, and Greater Sand Plover C. leschenaultii. The similar sizes of the Siberian and Tibetan Sand plovers may be the result of niche conservatism coupled with rapid morphological and ecological differentiation in the Greater Sand Plover. Gene flow between the non-sister Tibetan and Greater Sand plovers might have happened in phases of secondary contact as a consequence of climate-driven range expansions. We call for further studies of the Sand Plover complex, and suggest that speciation with intermittent gene flow is more common in birds than currently acknowledged.","PeriodicalId":19617,"journal":{"name":"Ornithology","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80492107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to: The Pacific as the world's greatest theater of bird migration: Extreme flights spark questions about physiological capabilities, behavior, and the evolution of migratory pathways","authors":"T. Piersma, R. Gill, D. Ruthrauff, C. Guglielmo, J. Conklin, C. Handel","doi":"10.1093/ornithology/ukac012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukac012","url":null,"abstract":"The Pacific Basin, by virtue of its vastness and its complex aeroscape, provides unique opportunities to address questions about the behavioral and physiological capabilities and mechanisms through which birds can complete spectacular flights. No longer is the Pacific seen just as a formidable barrier between terrestrial habitats in the north and the south, but rather as a gateway for specialized species, such as shorebirds, to make a living on hemispherically distributed seasonal resources. This recent change in perspective is dramatic, and the research that underpins it has presented new opportunities to learn about phenomena that often challenge a sense of normal. Ancient Polynesians were aware of the seasonal passage of shorebirds and other landbirds over the Pacific Ocean, incorporating these observations into their navigational “tool kit” as they explored and colonized the Pacific. Some ten centuries later, systematic visual observations and tracking technology have revealed much about movement of these shorebirds, especially the enormity of their individual nonstop flights. This invites a broad suite of questions, often requiring comparative studies with bird migration across other ocean basins, or across continents. For example, how do birds manage many days of nonstop exercise apparently without sleep? What mechanisms explain birds acting as if they possess a Global Positioning System? How do such extreme migrations evolve? Through advances in both theory and tracking technology, biologists are poised to greatly expand the horizons of movement ecology as we know it. In this integrative review, we present a series of intriguing questions about trans-Pacific migrant shorebirds and summarize recent advances in knowledge about migratory behavior operating at temporal scales ranging from immediate decisions during a single flight, to adaptive learning throughout a lifetime, to evolutionary development of migratory pathways. Recent advances in this realm should stimulate future research across the globe and across a broad array of disciplines.","PeriodicalId":19617,"journal":{"name":"Ornithology","volume":"31 1","pages":"1 - 1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90142897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Cryptic speciation in the Warbling Vireo (Vireo gilvus)","authors":"Scott F. Lovell, M. Lein, S. Rogers","doi":"10.1093/ornithology/ukac003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukac003","url":null,"abstract":"Eastern ( Vireo gilvus gilvus ) and western ( V. g. swainsoni ) forms of the Warbling Vireo have essentially allopatric breeding ranges across north-central North America, but come into contact in central Alberta, Canada. In 1986, Jon Barlow presented preliminary morphological and song evidence suggesting that the Warbling Vireo complex might comprise more than one valid species. However, to date, Barlow’s suggestion is supported by only limited DNA evidence, demonstration of molt and migration differences between the taxa, and anecdotal accounts of differences in song, morphology, plumage, and ecology. We analyzed variation in both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA in birds from Alberta and surrounding areas to determine the levels of genetic differentiation and hybridization occurring in the contact zone, and whether the two taxa warrant recognition as separate biological species. Our analyses reveal that Warbling Vireos in Alberta and the surrounding areas are separated into two well-defined, genetically differentiated, and monophyletic clades corresponding to previously recognized taxonomic groups. The two taxa come into contact in a narrow (~85 km) zone in Barrhead County, northwest of Edmonton, Alberta. They show evidence of limited hybridization. The distinct genetic differences are maintained in the contact zone, where individuals of the two taxa may occupy neighboring territories. Differences in spring arrival dates, molt schedules, and migration routes indicate that a migratory divide may play an important role in reproductive isolation. We suggest that the two taxa are distinct cryptic species: an eastern form, Vireo gilvus, and a western form, Vireo swainsoni . los las una importante en el aislamiento reproductivo. Sugerimos que los dos taxones son dos especies crípticas distintas: una forma este, Vireo , y una forma oeste, Vireo swainsoni","PeriodicalId":19617,"journal":{"name":"Ornithology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1 - 1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82330525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}