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X-ray computed tomography study for drill core of the Drazhnoe orogenic-type gold deposit (Sakha (Yakutia), Russian Federation) 俄罗斯萨哈(雅库特)地区Drazhnoe造山型金矿岩心x射线计算机断层成像研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.47765/0869-5997-2021-10027
V. Chikatueva, N. Stepanov, A. Chitalin, D. Korost
Orogenic gold-quartz deposits have a clear structural control and are accompanied by wallrock metasomatic alteration. However, in detailed modeling of such deposits, there is often a mismatch between the structural plans for high-grade ore zone distribution and metasomatite zones, and the latter are not always associated with faults. This is explained by the evolution of the hydrothermal process and the pulsating nature of the development of the territory. In the early stages of the mineral deposit study, it is very important to reliably determine the distribution of ore zones, since the correct targeting of the drilling program and the economic deposit assessment depend on it. The problem can be solved using the method of X-ray computed tomography (СТ) in the core study. This paper presents the methodology of studying fullsize core samples of gold deposits by using CT. A core sample characterizing the central part of ore body of Drazhnoye deposit (Tarynskoye ore field, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)) was used as the study material. The sample studied was scanned by a SIEMENS Somatom Perspective tomograph at two energies (80 and 130 keV). As a result, a detailed three-dimensional stereological model of the core was obtained, which made it possible not only to study the distribution of ore minerals in the volume of the entire sample, but also to identify vein bodies of different ages, as well as to study their morphology and trace the distribution patterns of ore mineralization in them. Based on the study results, we can offer a preliminary interpretation of ore mineralization and vein formation sequence.
造山带金-石英矿床具有明显的构造控制作用,并伴有围岩交代蚀变。然而,在这类矿床的详细建模中,高品位矿带分布的构造图与交代岩带的构造图往往不匹配,交代岩带并不总是与断层有关。这可以用热液作用的演化和该地区发展的脉动性质来解释。在矿床研究的早期阶段,可靠地确定矿带的分布是非常重要的,因为这取决于钻井方案的正确定位和矿床的经济评价。该问题可在核心研究中使用x射线计算机断层扫描(СТ)的方法来解决。本文介绍了利用CT研究金矿全尺寸岩心样品的方法。研究材料为Drazhnoye矿床(Tarynskoye矿田,萨哈共和国(雅库特))矿体中部的岩心样品。所研究的样品用西门子体原子透视层析成像仪以两种能量(80和130 keV)扫描。获得了详细的岩心三维立体模型,不仅可以研究整个样品体积内矿石矿物的分布,还可以识别不同年龄的矿脉体,研究矿脉体的形态,追踪矿脉体中的矿化分布规律。在此基础上,对成矿作用和脉序进行了初步解释。
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引用次数: 0
Gold and silver accessory minerals in ultramafites of the Kyzyr-Burlyuksky ultramafic massif (Western Sayan) 西萨延Kyzyr-Burlyuksky超镁质地块超镁铁中金银辅助矿物
Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.47765/0869-5997-2021-10031
A. Yurichev
The study focuses on gold and silver accessory minerals (native silver, cuprous gold, luanheite (Ag3Hg), unspecified mineral phase (Cu,Ag,Hg), first diagnosed in dunites and apodunite serpentinites of the Kyzyr-Burlyuksky ultramafic massif, which is part of the Kurtushibin ophiolite belt of Western Sayan. The revealed ore minerals are mainly observed in the form of single hypidiomorphic, irregular microscopic precipitates (0.5– 3.0 μm) mainly inside magnetite, much less often in grains of avaruite. Typomorphic and chemical features of ore minerals, their natural setting in rock-forming silicate matrix are characterized. Formation and concentration of these accessory minerals is associated with superimposed low-temperature transformation (hydration) processes affecting original ultramafic rocks. At the same time, the presence of luanheite and an unnamed phase (Cu,Ag,Hg), along with the previously identified potarite (PdHg), is probably evidence of low-temperature conditions of mineral formation during the manifestation of epigenetic processes of serpentinization (lowgrade metamorphism) due to solutions enriched in mercury. The source of such solutions could be gabbro intrusions that penetrated later into the main ultramafic body.
重点研究了在西萨延库尔图什宾蛇绿岩带的Kyzyr-Burlyuksky超镁质地块中首次诊断出的金银副矿物(原生银、铜金、栾铁矿(Ag3Hg)和未确定矿物相(Cu、Ag、Hg)。出露矿石矿物主要以单一半自形、不规则微观相(0.5 ~ 3.0 μm)的形式存在,主要分布在磁铁矿内部,较少出现在avaruite颗粒中。描述了矿石的标型特征和化学特征,以及它们在造岩硅酸盐基质中的自然背景。这些副矿物的形成和富集与影响原始超镁质岩石的叠加低温转化(水化)作用有关。同时,菱铁矿和未命名相(Cu,Ag,Hg)的存在,以及先前发现的钾辉石(PdHg)的存在,可能证明了在蛇纹石化(低变质)的表观成因过程中,由于富汞溶液的存在,矿物形成的低温条件。这种溶液的来源可能是后来渗透到主要超镁质体中的辉长岩侵入物。
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引用次数: 1
The role of plicative structures as forecast criteria in the Alakit-Мarkhinsky field (western Yakutia) 应用结构在Alakit-Мarkhinsky油田(西雅库特)作为预测标准的作用
Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.47765/0869-5997-2021-10014
D. Ivanov, A. Tolstov, V. Ivanov
This paper describes the tectonic features of the Alakit-Markha kimberlite field, regional factors of kimberlite magmatism control in this area, structural and tectonic preconditions for kimberlite pipe prospecting. The paper highlights kimberlite pipe formation features and the role of tectonics in this process. The most promising areas are those related to low-amplitude negative structures (e.g. depressions), especially transverse low-amplitude complications of the opposite sign for the main plicative structure: for antiforms (elevations), these are saddle-shaped depressions, and antiform elevations are for synforms (depressions).
本文介绍了阿拉基特-马卡哈金伯利岩田的构造特征、控制该地区金伯利岩岩浆活动的区域因素、金伯利岩管找矿的构造和构造前提。本文重点介绍了金伯利岩管的形成特征和构造在这一过程中的作用。最有希望的区域是那些与低振幅负性构造(如洼地)有关的区域,特别是与主要褶皱构造相反标志的横向低振幅并发症:对于反形态(隆起),这些是鞍状凹陷,而反形态隆起则是合形态(凹陷)。
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引用次数: 1
Unaltered kimberlite of Internationalnaya pipe (Mirny field) 国际纳亚管道(米尔尼油田)未改变的金伯利岩
Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.47765/0869-5997-2021-10022
Bogdan Pomazansky, R. Monkhorov, T. Antonova, V. Malkovets, A. Kulagin, Marina Shalkina, Viktoria Batyr, A. Sobakin
The porphyry kimberlite block (intrusive coherent kimberlite, after Scott-Smith, 2013) on the deep horizons of the Internationalnaya pipe is characterized by the lack of olivine macrocryst serpentinization, and the minimum degree of postmagmatic alteration in the matrix minerals. Garnet keliphitization and the composition of olivine and phlogopite outer zones are due to the interaction of deep minerals and the surrounding kimberlite melt at depth. The rapid melt crystallization contributed to the heterogeneous magma structure represented by the macrocryst (porphyry) and aphyric schlieren.
Internationalnaya管深部的斑岩金伯利岩块体(侵入型共序金伯利岩,源自Scott-Smith, 2013),其特征是缺乏橄榄石大晶蛇纹石化,基质矿物的岩浆后蚀变程度最小。石榴石榴辉化作用以及外带橄榄石和绿云母的组成是深部矿物与周围的金伯利岩在深部熔融物相互作用的结果。快速熔融结晶形成了以大晶(斑岩)和干斑岩为代表的非均质岩浆结构。
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引用次数: 0
Diamonds of Russia's «midnight lands» 俄罗斯“午夜土地”的钻石
Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.47765/0869-5997-2021-10019
V. Karzhavin
Carbon and carbon-rich organics were identified throughout the Kola peninsula. Based on petrological and geochemical study of basic and ultrabasic rock metamorphism, diamond occurrences are assumed in the northwestern Kola peninsula.
整个科拉半岛都发现了碳和富碳有机物。通过对科拉半岛西北部基性岩和超基性岩变质作用的岩石学和地球化学研究,认为科拉半岛西北部存在金刚石。
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引用次数: 0
Polyphase nature of Grib pipe formation and its manifestation in paleomagnetic rock properties and sieve diamond characteristics Grib管地层多相性及其在古地磁岩石性质和筛金刚石特征中的表现
Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.47765/0869-5997-2021-10021
Roman Pendelyak
Paleomagnetic pipe rock properties and sieve diamond characteristics are discussed. To determine paleomagnetic characteristics, 59 samples (41 kimberlites and 18 xenotuff breccias) were taken from pipe rocks in 2019- 2020. Based on analysis results and the obtained data comparison, reasons of magnetic anomaly epicenter shift are validated and polyphase nature of Grib pipe formation is proved. The results suggest complex pipe structure with abnormally magnetized kimberlites. They could be the main anomaly, a focus of early prospecting, which resulted in the pipe discovery. Their location, mostly in the central and eastern pipe combined with primarily east-trending residual magnetization, can account for the eastward anomaly shift and partly beyond the pipe contour. Polyphase pipe nature is also confirmed by various sieve characteristics of diamonds from the orebody.
讨论了古磁管岩的性质和筛金刚石的特征。为确定古地磁特征,2019- 2020年从管岩中采集了59个样品(41个金伯利岩和18个xenotuff角砾岩)。根据分析结果与实测资料对比,验证了磁异常震中偏移的原因,证实了格里布管地层的多相性质。结果表明,该地区存在复杂的管状结构,并伴有异常磁化的金伯利岩。它们可能是主要异常,是早期勘探的重点,导致了管道的发现。它们的位置多在管道中部和东部,残余磁化主要向东,可以解释东移异常和部分超出管道等值线的原因。矿体中金刚石的各种筛分特征也证实了多相管性质。
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引用次数: 0
Ratio of structural impurity distribution in diamond crystals and kimberlite pipe diamond potentiak (case study of Arkhangelsk region and Yakutia) 钻石晶体中结构杂质分布与金伯利岩管状钻石电位的比值(以阿尔汉格尔斯克地区和雅库特地区为例)
Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.47765/0869-5997-2021-10023
G. Khachatryan, N. Anashkina
IR spectroscopy was used to compare diamonds from 12 pipes, Arkhangelsk region. Based on positive correlation between average N and H values in diamonds from various deposits, it was found that crystals from low-grade diamond pipes are relatively enriched in hydrogen compared with diamonds from Lomonosov and Grib deposits. In terms of structural impurity distribution, Arkhangelsk deposit diamonds differ from Yakutian diamonds; it could be due to various composition of compared diamonds’ source matter and thermodynamic conditions of their growth. It is shown that hydrogen is a negative factor of diamond potential in both Yakutian and Arkhangelsk diamonds. This can partly be explained by impuri-ty blocking effect on diamond crystal growth.
利用红外光谱对阿尔汉格尔斯克地区12根管道的钻石进行了比较。根据各矿床金刚石中N、H平均值的正相关关系,发现低品位金刚石管晶体中氢的含量相对于Lomonosov和Grib矿床的钻石要高。在结构杂质分布方面,阿尔汉格尔斯克矿床钻石与雅库特钻石不同;这可能是由于比较钻石的来源物质的不同组成和它们生长的热力学条件。结果表明,氢在雅库特和阿尔汉格尔斯克钻石中都是钻石电位的负因素。这可以部分解释为杂质对金刚石晶体生长的阻断作用。
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引用次数: 0
Drag folds in sedimentary rocks hosting kimberlites, West Yakutia 西雅库特,含金伯利岩的沉积岩中的拖曳褶皱
Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.47765/0869-5997-2021-10020
P. Ignatov, N. Zaripov, Konstantin Novikov, A. Tolstov
Drag folds were revealed in Lower Paleozoic sedimentary strata of Mirny, Nakyn and Syuldyukar diamondiferous fields, West Yakutia. They consist of minor anticlinal forms (3-5 to 15-20 cm thick) and cut marl, clayey limestone and dolomite bands located between monolith seams of carbonate rocks. Some folds as monocline, flexures and S- or Z-shaped folds reflect the degree of shearrelated interlayer offset. Drag folds are among shear zone occurrences including microfaults, slickensides with slip groove horizontal planes, and schistosity zones. Drag folds reflect local extension points while schistosity zones indicate compression points. For Syuldyukar field, detailed mapping results for drag folds and schistosity zones are provided at 3 scales: across 20 × 20 m observation grid within a local 2 km2 site; across 200 × 200 m grid within 20 km2 area; across 500 × 500 m grid within ~100 km2 territory. For all scales, drag fold halos are restricted to schistosity zones. Within a local site adjacent to kimberlites, drag folds mark ore-hosting fault controlling long axes of kimberlite areal projections. Within large areas, drag fold halos are 1,2-2 km, which compares with kimberlite group areal parameters. Drag fold halos reflect shear junctions, with some of them hosting kimberlites. Local occurrences of drag folds mark a major shear hosting a kimberlite body. Drag fold analysis combined with other evidence should be used as an indirect prospecting indicator of concealed shears and local extension areas controlling kimberlites.
在西雅库特地区的Mirny、Nakyn和Syuldyukar钻石矿区下古生界沉积地层中发现了拖曳褶皱。它们由小背斜形式(3-5 ~ 15-20 cm厚)和位于碳酸盐岩整体缝间的泥灰岩、粘土灰岩和白云岩带组成。单斜褶皱、弯曲褶皱和S型或z型褶皱反映了与剪切相关的层间偏移程度。剪切带产状包括微断层、滑槽水平面滑面和片岩带。拖拽褶皱反映了局部的延伸点,而片理带则反映了局部的压缩点。对于Syuldyukar油田,在3个尺度上提供了拖曳褶皱和片理带的详细制图结果:在当地2平方公里的场地内,跨越20 × 20米的观测网格;在20平方公里范围内跨越200 × 200米网格;在约100平方公里的领土内跨越500 × 500米的网格。对于所有尺度,拖拽褶皱晕仅限于片岩带。在邻近金伯利岩的局部地点内,拖拽褶皱标志着控制金伯利岩区域投影长轴的含矿断层。在大范围内,与金伯利岩群的面积参数相比,拖拽褶皱晕为1.2 ~ 2 km。拖拉褶皱晕反映剪切结,其中一些含有金伯利岩。局部出现的拖拽褶皱标志着一个承载金伯利岩体的大剪切。牵引褶皱分析结合其他证据可作为隐伏剪切带和控制金伯利岩的局部伸展区的间接找矿标志。
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引用次数: 0
Prospects for diamond potential of the Charo-Sinskaya fault zone Charo-Sinskaya断裂带金刚石远景展望
Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.47765/0869-5997-2021-10017
A. Tolstov, L. Maksimkina, A. Kolesnik, Vadim Abramov, N. Antonova
New data on the geological structure of the CharoSinskaya zone of deep faults located on the southern side of the Vilyui syneclise are presented. Based on the processing of the seismic survey results, the deep structure of the territory has been analyzed, and graben-like structures similar to those found near the known kimberlite fi lds of Yakutia have been identifi d. Taking into account the results on the mineralogy of the indicator minerals of kimberlite, a new kimberlite field location is predicted.
本文介绍了位于Vilyui sysyise南侧的深断裂CharoSinskaya带的地质构造的新资料。在对地震勘探结果进行处理的基础上,分析了该地区深部构造,确定了与雅库特已知金伯利岩田附近类似的地堑构造,并结合金伯利岩指示矿物的矿物学分析结果,预测了新的金伯利岩田位置。
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引用次数: 0
Diamond study features in forecasting and prospecting (Siberian platform) 金刚石预测找矿研究特点(西伯利亚地台)
Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.47765/0869-5997-2021-100018
N. Zinchuk, L. Bardukhinov
Based on the completed research and data summary on diamonds specific features (an example from the Siberian platform), conclusions were made that indications exist at all levels of their location: from kimberlite-related provinces, subprovinces, fields, diatremes to ore shoots. Population of diamond varieties in kimberlite rocks forms parasteric, rather than paragenetic, associations related to their coexistence in kimberlites. Morphological criteria of kimberlite diamond potential were defined depending on rounded diamonds content in them. Significant differences in kimberlites diamond potential were not revealed to the explored depth of diatremes. A conclusion about the absence of horizontal concentric zonality in the change of diamond typomorphic features was made.
根据已完成的关于钻石具体特征的研究和数据摘要(以西伯利亚地台为例),得出的结论是,从与金伯利岩有关的省、分省、油田、地沟到矿脉,各级都有迹象表明它们的位置。金伯利岩中的金刚石品种种群形成了与它们在金伯利岩中共存有关的共生组合,而不是共生组合。根据金伯利岩中圆钻的含量确定了金伯利岩钻石潜力的形态判据。金伯利岩钻石潜力的显著差异未显示出对非极端岩的勘探深度。得出了金刚石标型特征变化中水平同心地带性缺失的结论。
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引用次数: 2
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Ores and metals
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