Optometry and Vision Science最新文献_第2页

Book review: Introduction to Visual Optics: A Light Approach. 书评：视觉光学入门：光的方法。

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Optometry and Vision Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000002190

Ben Balas

引用次数: 0

Moderate-severe peripheral neuropathy in diabetes associated with an increased risk of dry eye disease. 中重度糖尿病周围神经病变与干眼症风险增加有关。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Optometry and Vision Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000002178

Shyam Sunder Tummanapalli,Leiao Leon Wang,Roshan Dhanapalaratnam,Ann Poynten,Eric B Papas,Arun Vishwanathan Krishnan,Maria Markoulli

SIGNIFICANCEThis study establishes an increased risk of developing dry eye disease (DED) in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy using validated diagnostic criteria for both conditions.PURPOSEThe disruption of ocular surface homeostasis has been associated with diabetes. However, it remains unclear if this association is independently influenced by peripheral neuropathy secondary to diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the clinical signs and symptoms of DED and their association with the severity of peripheral neuropathy in participants with type 2 diabetes.METHODSThis prospective cross-sectional study recruited 63 participants with type 2 diabetes. All participants underwent a detailed assessment of DED using dry eye questionnaires (Ocular Surface Disease Index, Dry Eye Questionnaire-5), tear osmolarity, lipid layer thickness, noninvasive keratographic tear breakup time, phenol red thread test (PRT), and ocular surface staining. Corneal nerve morphology was imaged using corneal confocal microscopy. Based on the Total Neuropathy Scale, participants were stratified into no/mild (n = 48) and moderate/severe (n = 15) neuropathy groups.RESULTSDry eye disease was diagnosed in 31 participants (50%) of the total cohort, and the odds of developing DED in the moderate/severe neuropathy group were four times (95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 13.80; p=0.030) higher compared with the no/mild neuropathy group. The Dry Eye Questionnaire-5 scores were significantly higher (p=0.020), and PRT values (p=0.048) and corneal nerve fiber length (p<0.001) were significantly reduced in the moderate/severe neuropathy group compared with the no/mild neuropathy group. In regression analysis, neuropathy scores were independently associated with PRT measurements (β = -0.333, p=0.023) and nerve fiber length (β = -0.219, p=0.012) while adjusting for age, gender, hemoglobin A1c, and duration of diabetes.CONCLUSIONSType 2 diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy have a risk of developing DED, which increases with the severity of neuropathy. The observation that worsening peripheral neuropathy is associated with reduced tear secretion suggests that it may contribute to aqueous insufficiency.

意义本研究采用糖尿病周围神经病变的有效诊断标准，确定了糖尿病周围神经病变患者患干眼症（DED）的风险增加。目的眼表平衡的破坏与糖尿病有关。然而，这种关联是否会受到继发于糖尿病的周围神经病变的独立影响仍不清楚。本研究旨在调查 DED 的临床症状和体征及其与 2 型糖尿病患者周围神经病变严重程度的关系。所有参与者都接受了详细的 DED 评估，评估方法包括干眼问卷（眼表疾病指数、干眼问卷-5）、泪液渗透压、脂质层厚度、无创角膜造影泪液破裂时间、酚红线试验（PRT）和眼表染色。使用角膜共聚焦显微镜对角膜神经形态进行成像。结果31名参与者（50%）被诊断出患有干眼症，与无/轻度神经病变组相比，中度/重度神经病变组患干眼症的几率是无/轻度神经病变组的4倍（95%置信区间，1.10至13.80；P=0.030）。与无/轻度神经病变组相比，中度/重度神经病变组的干眼问卷-5 评分明显更高（p=0.020），PRT 值（p=0.048）和角膜神经纤维长度（p<0.001）明显减少。在回归分析中，神经病变评分与 PRT 测量值（β = -0.333，p=0.023）和神经纤维长度（β = -0.219，p=0.012）独立相关，同时调整了年龄、性别、血红蛋白 A1c 和糖尿病病程。外周神经病变的恶化与泪液分泌减少有关，这表明外周神经病变可能会导致眼水不足。

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引用次数: 0

Longitudinal refractive errors over 36 months in Hispanic and Black children. 西班牙裔和黑人儿童 36 个月内的纵向屈光不正。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Optometry and Vision Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000002182

Yi Pang,Qiong Li,Sandra S Block,Jingyun Wang

SIGNIFICANCEThis study brings awareness of racial/ethnic difference of refractive error characteristics in clinics.PURPOSEThis study aimed to assess longitudinal change in refractive errors over a 36-month period in Hispanic and Black children.METHODSChildren (2.4 to 15 years old) were studied. Cycloplegic refraction was measured annually. Spherical equivalent was calculated. Astigmatism was evaluated by magnitude of cylinder and power vector (J0 and J45). Absolute value of interocular spherical equivalent difference was used to calculate anisometropia. Mixed-linear model was used to analyze longitudinal annual change in spherical equivalent, cylinder, J0, and J45 over 36 months.RESULTSA total of 485 participants (310 Black, 175 Hispanic) met the criteria. At the baseline examination, prevalence of myopia, emmetropia, and hyperopia was 39% (n = 187), 31% (n = 150), and 30% (n = 148), respectively. Spherical equivalent of Black children was not significantly different from that in Hispanic children (0.10 ± 2.92 vs. -0.37 ± 2.05 D, p=0.06); however, the Hispanic children had a significantly higher cylinder compared with Black children (Hispanic: 1.46 ± 1.57 D vs. Black: 0.92 ± 1.07 D; p<0.001). Both J0 (p<0.001) and J45 (p=0.01) were significantly different between two groups; the Hispanic children had more with-the-rule astigmatism and oblique astigmatism than the Black children. Prevalence of anisometropia (≥1 D) was higher in Black children (14%) compared with Hispanic children (5%, p=0.006). Over 36 months, spherical equivalent significantly decreased an average of 0.69 D (0.23 D/y, p<0.001) for both groups; neither astigmatism nor anisometropia changed significantly (p>0.05).CONCLUSIONSAstigmatism in the Hispanic children was significantly higher than in Black children. However, the Black children had a higher prevalence and degree of anisometropia than the Hispanic children.

本研究旨在评估西班牙裔儿童和黑人儿童在 36 个月内屈光不正的纵向变化。每年测量 Cycloplegic 屈光度。计算球面等效。通过圆柱度数和功率矢量（J0 和 J45）评估散光。眼球间球面等效差的绝对值用于计算散光。结果共有 485 名参与者（310 名黑人，175 名西班牙裔）符合标准。在基线检查中，近视、散光和远视的发生率分别为 39%（187 人）、31%（150 人）和 30%（148 人）。黑人儿童的球面等值与西班牙裔儿童的球面等值无显著差异（0.10 ± 2.92 vs. -0.37 ± 2.05 D，P=0.06）；但西班牙裔儿童的圆柱度明显高于黑人儿童（西班牙裔：1.46 ± 1.57 D vs. 黑人：0.92 ± 1.07 D；P0.05）。然而，黑人儿童的斜视发生率和程度均高于西班牙裔儿童。

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引用次数: 0

Ocular thermography and clinical measurements in symptomatic and asymptomatic soft contact lens wearers. 有症状和无症状软性隐形眼镜佩戴者的眼部热成像和临床测量。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Optometry and Vision Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000002177

Maryam Moghadas,Daniela S Nosch,Emanuele Käser,Jennifer Klostermeier,Verena Santer,Paul Demian,Giovanni Bertolini,Mouad Lamrani

SIGNIFICANCESymptoms of dryness and discomfort are the main reasons for contact lens dropout. Clinical tests for this purpose are invasive or subjective. Ocular thermography may help to assess the ocular discomfort and dryness in noninvasive and objective manner.PURPOSEThis study aimed to investigate the relationship of ocular thermography with clinical measurements in habitual symptomatic and asymptomatic soft contact lens wearers.METHODSForty habitual contact lens wearers were evaluated in two age- and gender-matched asymptomatic and symptomatic groups (Contact Lens Discomfort Questionnaire scores ≤8 and ≥14, respectively). Clinical measurements took place during visit 1 (with contact lens in situ and after contact lens removal) and at baseline after a 2-week washout period (visit 2). The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, noninvasive tear breakup time, bulbar conjunctival hyperemia, and corneal staining were assessed. Thermal cooling rate was computed in the central and lower cornea during natural blinking (30 s) and sustained eye opening (10 s).RESULTSDry eye symptoms (OSDI score) were significantly higher in the symptomatic group during contact lens wear (p<0.001) and at baseline (p = 0.001). Thermal cooling rate was significantly higher in the symptomatic group in the lower cornea (10 s, p=0.013) with the contact lens in situ and in the central cornea (30 s, p=0.045) after contact lens removal. At baseline, dry eye symptoms (OSDI score) significantly correlated with cooling rate in the central cornea region for the symptomatic group (30 s: r = -0.5, p=0.03; 10 s: r = -0.63, p=0.005). Noninvasive tear breakup time correlated with cooling rate in the central cornea region at baseline in the symptomatic group (30 s, r = 0.6, p=0.005; 10 s, r = 0.55, p=0.018). Cooling rate in the central cornea region (10-s duration, p<0.0001) and noninvasive tear breakup time (p<0.0001) were identified as significant predictor variables for dry eye symptoms at baseline.CONCLUSIONSNoninvasive tear breakup time and thermal cooling rate were identified as significant predictor variables for contact lens-induced dry eye. These findings may suggest the potential for the additional application of ocular thermography in the evaluation of contact lens discomfort.

意义干涩和不适症状是隐形眼镜脱落的主要原因。为此目的进行的临床测试都是侵入性或主观性的。本研究旨在调查有症状和无症状的习惯性软性隐形眼镜配戴者的眼部热成像与临床测量之间的关系。方法将 40 名习惯性隐形眼镜配戴者分为年龄和性别匹配的无症状组和有症状组（隐形眼镜不适感问卷评分分别为≤8 分和≥14 分）。临床测量在第 1 次检查（戴隐形眼镜时和摘除隐形眼镜后）和 2 周冲洗期后的基线（第 2 次检查）进行。对眼表疾病指数（OSDI）问卷、无创泪液破裂时间、球结膜充血和角膜染色进行了评估。计算自然眨眼（30 秒）和持续睁眼（10 秒）时角膜中央和下部的散热率。结果有症状组在佩戴隐形眼镜期间（p<0.001）和基线时（p = 0.001）的干眼症状（OSDI 评分）明显高于无症状组（p = 0.001）。有症状组在佩戴隐形眼镜时下部角膜（10 秒，p=0.013）和摘下隐形眼镜后中央角膜（30 秒，p=0.045）的热降温率明显更高。在基线时，干眼症状（OSDI 评分）与症状组角膜中央区域的冷却率显著相关（30 秒：r = -0.5，p=0.03；10 秒：r = -0.63，p=0.005）。无创泪液破裂时间与症状组角膜中央区域基线冷却率相关（30 秒：r = 0.6，p=0.005；10 秒：r = 0.55，p=0.018）。角膜中央区域的冷却率（10 秒持续时间，p＜0.0001）和无创泪液破裂时间（p＜0.0001）被确定为基线干眼症状的显著预测变量。这些发现可能表明，在隐形眼镜不适的评估中，眼部热成像技术还有进一步应用的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Spectral transmission of commercially available high-energy visible light-filtering spectacle lenses. 市售高能可见光过滤眼镜片的光谱透射率。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Optometry and Vision Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000002171

Nishanee Rampersad,Anthony Carlson

SIGNIFICANCEHigh-energy visible (HEV) light-filtering spectacle lenses are being widely promoted despite limited evidence to support their use. The spectral transmission properties of commercially available lenses varied, particularly in the HEV light region, and they do not perform in the same way for transmission of ultraviolet (UV)-A and HEV light.PURPOSEAlthough HEV light is important for several visual and nonvisual functions, there are concerns over the potential adverse effects of increased HEV light exposure. High-energy visible light-filtering spectacle lenses are being widely marketed to promote ocular health and improve sleep by reducing exposure to HEV light. This study reports on the spectral transmission characteristics of commercially available HEV light-filtering spectacle lenses based on the recommendations of the Spectral Bands Task Force technical report.METHODSThe spectral transmission of light through nine afocal plastic lenses, including eight commercially available HEV light-filtering lenses and one clear uncoated control lens, was evaluated using a Cary 5000 UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer (Agilent Technologies, Johannesburg, South Africa) for wavelengths 250 to 780 nm. The percentage transmission values are reported for UV radiation and visible light, with emphasis for HEV light (380 to 500 nm) and the three subbands therein.RESULTSAll lenses blocked UV-C and UV-B radiation (250 to 315 nm). For UV-A radiation (315 to 380 nm), six lenses showed optimal 100% absorption, whereas three lenses allowed ≤12%. The transmission values for the HEV light-filtering lenses ranged from 55 to 90% and 75 to 95% for HEV light of wavelengths 400 to 455 nm and 455 to 500 nm, respectively. In contrast, the control lens showed 92 (400 to 455 nm) and 93% (455 to 500 nm) transmission.CONCLUSIONSThe HEV light-filtering spectacle lenses varied in their transmission properties and do not necessarily perform in the same way for transmission of UV-A and HEV light. Optometric personnel should consider these transmission properties, particularly for HEV light, when making recommendations to patients about HEV light-filtering spectacle lenses.

意义尽管支持使用高能可见光（HEV）过滤镜片的证据有限，但这种镜片仍被广泛推广。市售镜片的光谱透射性能各不相同，尤其是在 HEV 光区域，它们在透射紫外线 (UV)-A 和 HEV 光方面的表现也不尽相同。高能可见光过滤眼镜片正在市场上广泛销售，以通过减少 HEV 光的照射来促进眼部健康和改善睡眠。方法使用 Cary 5000 紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计（安捷伦科技公司，南非约翰内斯堡）对九种非焦距塑料镜片（包括八种市售的高能可见光过滤镜片和一种未镀膜的透明对照镜片）的光谱透射率进行了评估，波长为 250 至 780 纳米。结果所有镜片都能阻挡 UV-C 和 UV-B 辐射（250 至 315 纳米）。对于紫外线-A 辐射（315 至 380 纳米），六片镜片显示出最佳的 100% 吸收率，而三片镜片的吸收率≤12%。对于波长为 400 至 455 纳米和 455 至 500 纳米的 HEV 光，HEV 滤光镜片的透射率分别为 55% 至 90% 和 75% 至 95%。结论：HEV 滤光眼镜片的透光性能各不相同，对紫外线-A 和 HEV 光的透光性能也不一定相同。验光人员在向患者推荐 HEV 滤光眼镜时，应考虑这些透射性能，尤其是 HEV 光的透射性能。

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引用次数: 0

Running the enrollment numbers on ophthalmic clinical trials in the United States. 统计美国眼科临床试验的注册人数。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Optometry and Vision Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000002174

Andrew D Pucker,Nicole Derthick,Lanita Scott

SIGNIFICANCEThis is one of the first reports to summarize the enrollment metrics for ophthalmology trials completed in the United States (US).PURPOSEThis study aimed to describe US ophthalmology clinical trial enrollment metrics to facilitate planning and budgeting of US Food and Drug Administration-regulated ophthalmological drugs trials.METHODSA GlobalData PLC search was conducted on or before February 27, 2024, to evaluate the clinical trial landscape for completed ophthalmology clinical trials conducted in the US. The primary search contained only the term "ophthalmology," which was restricted to trials that were completed and were conducted within the US. Trials were classified as multicenter when trials included three sites or more, and when the enrollment search resulted in ≥30 multicenter trials for an individual indication, enrollment data were further broken down by Food and Drug Administration trial phase.RESULTThe search yielded 2229 trials, which analyzed 980 different drugs produced by 854 different sponsors. The most common indications evaluated in US trials were macular degeneration, glaucoma, macular edema, allergies, and keratoconjunctivitis. Multicenter trials by indication had an overall median enrollment period range of 4.8 to 35.1 months; number of subjects enrollment, range of 36 to 518 subjects; number of sites utilized, range of 4 to 74 sites; and enrollment rate, range of 0.11 to 4.04 subjects/sites per month. There were 17 indications with ≥30 multicenter trials, which allowed for enrollment metric calculation by trial phase.CONCLUSIONSThis study provides sponsors with an understanding of the number of subjects and sites needed to complete a trial while also setting realistic enrollment timelines. Although this work represents the US market, more work is needed to better understand other countries given that country-specific guidelines and subject beliefs may impact enrollment metrics.

本研究旨在描述美国眼科临床试验的入组指标，以促进美国食品药品管理局监管的眼科药物试验的规划和预算编制。方法在 2024 年 2 月 27 日或之前对 GlobalData PLC 进行了搜索，以评估在美国进行的已完成眼科临床试验的临床试验情况。主要搜索只包含 "眼科 "一词，仅限于在美国境内完成并进行的试验。当试验包括三个或三个以上的试验点时，试验被归类为多中心试验；当注册检索结果显示针对单个适应症的多中心试验≥30 项时，注册数据将按食品与药物管理局的试验阶段进一步细分。结果检索结果显示有 2229 项试验，分析了 854 个不同赞助商生产的 980 种不同药物。美国试验中最常见的适应症是黄斑变性、青光眼、黄斑水肿、过敏和角结膜炎。按适应症划分的多中心试验的总体中位注册期从4.8个月到35.1个月不等；注册受试者人数从36人到518人不等；使用的研究机构从4个到74个不等；注册率从每月0.11人到4.04人/研究机构不等。有 17 个适应症的多中心试验≥30 例，因此可以按试验阶段计算入组指标。虽然这项工作代表的是美国市场，但鉴于各国的指导方针和受试者的想法可能会影响入组指标，因此还需要做更多的工作来更好地了解其他国家。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of age and race on axial elongation in myopic children: A systematic review and meta-regression. 年龄和种族对近视儿童轴伸长的影响：系统回顾与元回归。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Optometry and Vision Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000002176

Noel A Brennan,Wright Shamp,Elizabeth Maynes,Xu Cheng,Mark A Bullimore

PURPOSEAxial elongation is the basis of progression in primary myopia and the preferred metric to monitor its evolution. We conducted a meta-regression to model axial elongation and its associated factors in children with low to moderate myopia.METHODSA comprehensive electronic systematic search was performed using Ovid Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials of studies conducted up until October 2021. The mean rate of axial elongation was analyzed using a multivariate linear mixed-effects meta-regression model, with backward stepwise elimination of nonsignificant covariates. The model included three levels of random effects, allowing both prediction and confidence intervals to be estimated.RESULTSA total of 64 studies with 83 subpopulations and 142 evaluations of mean axial change from baseline met our inclusion criteria and had no missing significant covariates in the final model. A separate analysis including all populations with axial length data (202 evaluations) but missing variance or covariate data produced a similar model to that for the analysis with complete data. The mean axial elongation is 38% greater in Asian children (95% confidence interval, 19 to 61%; p<0.01) compared with non-Asians, but both groups show a 15% decline per year as age increases (95% confidence interval, 12 to 17% p<0.0001). Prediction intervals indicate substantial variability around the axial elongation estimates.CONCLUSIONSThis analysis provides mean values of axial elongation for evaluation of efficacy of myopia control. The broad prediction intervals emphasize the large range of individual axial elongation rates in the population, illustrating the challenge in managing individual children. Interpretation of the analysis is limited by the use of aggregated data rather than individual subject data.

目的轴伸长是原发性近视发展的基础，也是监测其演变的首选指标。我们对中低度近视儿童的轴伸长及其相关因素进行了元回归建模。方法使用 Ovid Medline、EMBASE 和 Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials 对截至 2021 年 10 月的研究进行了全面的电子系统检索。采用多变量线性混合效应元回归模型对平均轴伸长率进行分析，并向后逐步剔除不显著的协变量。结果共有 64 项研究、83 个亚人群和 142 次对平均轴向基线变化的评估符合我们的纳入标准，并且在最终模型中没有缺失的重要协变量。一项单独的分析包括了所有有轴向长度数据（202 次评估）但缺失方差或协变量数据的人群，该分析得出的模型与完整数据分析得出的模型相似。与非亚洲人相比，亚洲儿童的平均轴向伸长率高出38%（95%置信区间，19%至61%；P<0.01），但随着年龄的增长，两组儿童的平均轴向伸长率每年均下降15%（95%置信区间，12%至17%；P<0.0001）。预测区间表明，轴向伸长率估计值周围存在很大的变异性。结论这项分析提供了轴向伸长率的平均值，用于评估近视控制的效果。广泛的预测区间强调了人群中个体轴向伸长率的巨大范围，说明了管理个体儿童所面临的挑战。由于使用的是综合数据而非个体数据，因此对分析结果的解释受到了限制。

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引用次数: 0

Changes in corneal epithelial irregularity following treatment with artificial tears. 人工泪液治疗后角膜上皮不规则性的变化。

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Optometry and Vision Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000002136

Jacqueline Tan, Ngozi Chidi-Egboka, Tianni Jia, Jared Showyin, Fiona Stapleton

Significance: Dry eye sufferers have a highly irregular corneal epithelial surface compared with those without dry eye. This study demonstrated that corneal epithelial thickness irregularity can be significantly reduced after as little as 48 hours following treatment with regular use of topical ocular lubricants.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare changes in corneal epithelial thickness irregularity factor (EIF) and ocular symptoms in a population with symptoms of dry eye before and up to 4 weeks after treatment with two commercially available lubricating eye drops versus saline.

Methods: We conducted a prospective single-center, investigator-masked, randomized, parallel-group dispensing study. Participants with moderate to severe symptoms of dry eye (Ocular Surface Disease Index score >23 at baseline) were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either 0.15% hyaluronic acid + hydroxypropyl guar, 0.2% hyaluronic acid, or saline (16 in each group). Corneal epithelial thickness measurements were obtained along vertical and horizontal CASIA SS-1000 Optical Coherence Tomography scans at baseline and after 48 hours, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks. The Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire was administered at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks.

Results: Forty-eight participants (male-to-female ratio, 17:31) completed the study. Horizontal EIF was significantly lower at all follow-up visits compared with baseline (p=0.001), but there were no significant differences between study eye drops (p=0.34). No significant difference in vertical EIF was observed over time (p=0.32) or between eye drops (p=0.08). Ocular symptoms significantly improved after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment compared with baseline (p<0.001), but no differences were observed between eye drops (p=0.46).

Conclusions: All treatments were effective for reducing EIF along the horizontal meridian 48 hours after initiation of treatment, and improvements were maintained for 4 weeks. Improvements in ocular symptoms were observed with all study treatments.

意义重大：与非干眼症患者相比，干眼症患者的角膜上皮表面极不规则。目的：本研究旨在比较有干眼症状的人群在使用两种市售润滑眼药水和生理盐水治疗前和治疗后 4 周内角膜上皮厚度不规则因子（EIF）和眼部症状的变化：我们进行了一项前瞻性的单中心、研究者掩蔽、随机、平行组配药研究。我们招募了具有中度至重度干眼症状的参与者（基线时眼表疾病指数评分大于 23 分），并将他们随机分配到 0.15% 透明质酸 + 羟丙基瓜尔胶、0.2% 透明质酸或生理盐水组（每组 16 人）。在基线和 48 小时后、2 周后和 4 周后，沿垂直和水平 CASIA SS-1000 光学相干断层扫描测量角膜上皮厚度。在基线、2周和4周时进行了眼表疾病指数问卷调查：结果：48 名参与者（男女比例为 17:31）完成了研究。在所有随访中，水平 EIF 与基线相比均明显降低（p=0.001），但不同研究滴眼液之间无明显差异（p=0.34）。随着时间的推移（p=0.32），或不同眼药水之间（p=0.08），垂直 EIF 没有明显差异。治疗 2 周和 4 周后，眼部症状与基线相比有明显改善（p 结论：所有治疗方法都能有效减少 EIF：在开始治疗 48 小时后，所有治疗方法都能有效减少沿水平经线的 EIF，且改善效果可维持 4 周。所有治疗方法都能改善眼部症状。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing the methodology for the assessment of bulbar conjunctival lissamine green staining. 优化球结膜利萨明绿染色的评估方法。

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Optometry and Vision Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000002173

Neema Ghorbani-Mojarrad, Marta Vianya-Estopa, Eilidh Martin, Laura E Sweeney, Louise Terry, Byki Huntjens, James S Wolffsohn

Significance: When using lissamine green for bulbar conjunctival evaluation, the most staining was observed with two applications of the same strip in the same eye, wetted with a drop of saline. The first application was 5 seconds after wetting the strip, and the second was 1 minute later, followed by immediate viewing. This suggests that bulbar staining should be viewed before the lid wiper region.

Purpose: This study aimed to optimize the assessment of lissamine green staining of the bulbar conjunctiva by investigating the application technique and subsequent observation period.

Methods: Twenty-two participants with dry eye (as defined by the Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society Dry Eye Workshop II) were recruited to trial five application methods in randomized order: (1) application immediately after wetting a single strip, (2) application 5 seconds after wetting a single strip, (3) application 10 seconds after wetting a single strip, (4) consecutive single application of sodium fluorescein followed by lissamine green 5 seconds after wetting, and (5) two applications using the same lissamine green strip 5 seconds after wetting, 1 minute apart. Slit-lamp photography of the conjunctiva was performed immediately following application and at 30, 60, 90, and 300 seconds after application. Three experienced (masked) practitioners independently quantified the visible punctate spots and graded the staining intensity within the images in a random order.

Results: Values for punctate spot count ( F = 6.29, p<0.0001) and lissamine green staining intensity ( F = 6.29, p<0.0001) varied significantly between the different application methods. Using two applications of the same lissamine green strip, 1 minute apart, in the same eye resulted in the greatest values for both punctate spot count and lissamine green staining intensity. Lissamine green staining decreased with time for both spot count ( F = 18.87, p<0.0001) and lissamine green staining intensity ( F = 11.33, p<0.0001), with the most staining found immediately after application followed by a gradual decline. There was no evidence of any interaction effect between time and application method for either measure (p>0.05 for both).

Conclusions: The optimal approach for assessing bulbar conjunctival lissamine green staining involves two applications of a whole infused drop resting on the same strip for 5 seconds, applied 1 minute apart. The ocular surface should be viewed immediately after application to maximize the conjunctival staining observed.

意义重大：在使用利萨明绿进行球结膜评估时，在同一只眼睛中滴入一滴生理盐水并使用两次相同的条带可观察到最多的染色。第一次涂抹是在润湿条带后 5 秒钟，第二次是在 1 分钟后，然后立即观察。目的：本研究旨在通过研究涂抹技术和随后的观察时间，优化对球结膜利萨明绿染色的评估：招募了 22 名干眼症患者（根据泪膜与眼表学会干眼症研讨会 II 的定义），按随机顺序试用五种涂抹方法：(1) 润湿单条后立即涂抹；(2) 润湿单条后 5 秒涂抹；(3) 润湿单条后 10 秒涂抹；(4) 润湿 5 秒后连续涂抹荧光素钠和利萨明绿；(5) 润湿 5 秒后使用同一条利萨明绿涂抹两次，每次间隔 1 分钟。涂抹后立即对结膜进行裂隙灯摄影，并在涂抹后 30、60、90 和 300 秒进行摄影。三位经验丰富（蒙面）的医师独立量化可见的点状斑点，并以随机顺序对图像内的染色强度进行分级：点状斑点计数值（F = 6.29，两者的 P0.05）：评估球结膜利萨明绿染色的最佳方法是在同一条带上滴入两滴完整的利萨明绿染色液，每次滴入 5 秒钟，间隔 1 分钟。滴眼后应立即观察眼球表面，以最大限度地观察结膜染色。

{"title":"Optimizing the methodology for the assessment of bulbar conjunctival lissamine green staining.","authors":"Neema Ghorbani-Mojarrad, Marta Vianya-Estopa, Eilidh Martin, Laura E Sweeney, Louise Terry, Byki Huntjens, James S Wolffsohn","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002173","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002173","url":null,"abstract":"Significance: When using lissamine green for bulbar conjunctival evaluation, the most staining was observed with two applications of the same strip in the same eye, wetted with a drop of saline. The first application was 5 seconds after wetting the strip, and the second was 1 minute later, followed by immediate viewing. This suggests that bulbar staining should be viewed before the lid wiper region.Purpose: This study aimed to optimize the assessment of lissamine green staining of the bulbar conjunctiva by investigating the application technique and subsequent observation period.Methods: Twenty-two participants with dry eye (as defined by the Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society Dry Eye Workshop II) were recruited to trial five application methods in randomized order: (1) application immediately after wetting a single strip, (2) application 5 seconds after wetting a single strip, (3) application 10 seconds after wetting a single strip, (4) consecutive single application of sodium fluorescein followed by lissamine green 5 seconds after wetting, and (5) two applications using the same lissamine green strip 5 seconds after wetting, 1 minute apart. Slit-lamp photography of the conjunctiva was performed immediately following application and at 30, 60, 90, and 300 seconds after application. Three experienced (masked) practitioners independently quantified the visible punctate spots and graded the staining intensity within the images in a random order.Results: Values for punctate spot count ( F = 6.29, p<0.0001) and lissamine green staining intensity ( F = 6.29, p<0.0001) varied significantly between the different application methods. Using two applications of the same lissamine green strip, 1 minute apart, in the same eye resulted in the greatest values for both punctate spot count and lissamine green staining intensity. Lissamine green staining decreased with time for both spot count ( F = 18.87, p<0.0001) and lissamine green staining intensity ( F = 11.33, p<0.0001), with the most staining found immediately after application followed by a gradual decline. There was no evidence of any interaction effect between time and application method for either measure (p>0.05 for both).Conclusions: The optimal approach for assessing bulbar conjunctival lissamine green staining involves two applications of a whole infused drop resting on the same strip for 5 seconds, applied 1 minute apart. The ocular surface should be viewed immediately after application to maximize the conjunctival staining observed.","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":" ","pages":"589-594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in Ocular Surface Research Feature Issue. 眼表研究进展》特刊。

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Optometry and Vision Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000002188

Jennifer P Craig, James S Wolffsohn

引用次数: 0