A. Kozulin, A. Vetrova, Y. Yasenchuk, M. A. Kovaleva
{"title":"Anisotropy of elastic properties of SHS-synthesized porous titanium nickelide","authors":"A. Kozulin, A. Vetrova, Y. Yasenchuk, M. A. Kovaleva","doi":"10.17580/nfm.2022.02.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17580/nfm.2022.02.09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19653,"journal":{"name":"Nonferrous Metals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44918140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Chepushtanova, Y. Merkibayev, B. Mishra, Y. I. Kuldeyev
{"title":"Processing of the zinc-lead-bearing flotation middlings by sulfidizing roasting with pyrrhotites production by predicted properties","authors":"T. Chepushtanova, Y. Merkibayev, B. Mishra, Y. I. Kuldeyev","doi":"10.17580/nfm.2022.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17580/nfm.2022.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19653,"journal":{"name":"Nonferrous Metals","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41836454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. A. Mazulevsky, F. Berdikulova, T. Kovzalenko, N. M. Seidakhmetova
{"title":"Production of fine-dispersed tungstic acid","authors":"E. A. Mazulevsky, F. Berdikulova, T. Kovzalenko, N. M. Seidakhmetova","doi":"10.17580/nfm.2022.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17580/nfm.2022.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19653,"journal":{"name":"Nonferrous Metals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45271791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. P. Tarasov, E. Gorelikov, A. Zykova, A. S. Bashkirova
{"title":"Review of modern scientific developments in the field of molybdenum recovery from spent catalysts","authors":"V. P. Tarasov, E. Gorelikov, A. Zykova, A. S. Bashkirova","doi":"10.17580/nfm.2022.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17580/nfm.2022.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19653,"journal":{"name":"Nonferrous Metals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47082307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Tarasov, E. Gorelikov, A. Zykova, K. O. Petrunin
A review of the scientific and technical literature on hydrometallurgical methods for extracting high-purity vanadium oxide from spent catalysts in the petrochemical industry has been carried out. Currently, high-purity vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ≥ 99.5%) is not produced in Russia. The main consumer of high-purity vanadium oxide is the rapidly developing production of vanadium-containing master alloys for the manufacture of titanium alloys. In the chemical industry, high-purity vanadium oxide is used to produce catalysts for the synthesis of phthalic and maleic anhydrides. One of the promising sources of vanadium is spent (deactivated) vanadium catalysts (SVC), in which the content of the valuable component in terms of pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) can reach 4–8%. It is much higher than in most processed ore raw materials. Spent catalysts are a secondary raw material, since during opera-tion there is a loss of catalytic properties (activity, conversion, selectivity). After several cycles of regene-ration, such a product is a subject of recycling to obtain valuable components. It should also be noted that there is an increase in demand for hydrotreating catalysts, which may cause an excess of spent catalysts in the future. In this regard, there is an urgent need to develop a highly efficient technology for processing catalysts in order to extract valuable components. The review of the scientific and technical literature shows that there are many methods for processing spent catalysts. The article describes the methods of acid, alkali, soda leaching, as well as the perfor-mance indicators of these processes. But the existing scientific developments in this area need further development in order to improve the efficiency of the vanadium oxide leaching process. DOI: 10.17580/nfm.2022.01.04
{"title":"Review of modern scientific developments in the field of extraction of vanadium oxide from petrochemical catalysts","authors":"V. Tarasov, E. Gorelikov, A. Zykova, K. O. Petrunin","doi":"10.17580/nfm.2022.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17580/nfm.2022.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"A review of the scientific and technical literature on hydrometallurgical methods for extracting high-purity vanadium oxide from spent catalysts in the petrochemical industry has been carried out. Currently, high-purity vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ≥ 99.5%) is not produced in Russia. The main consumer of high-purity vanadium oxide is the rapidly developing production of vanadium-containing master alloys for the manufacture of titanium alloys. In the chemical industry, high-purity vanadium oxide is used to produce catalysts for the synthesis of phthalic and maleic anhydrides. One of the promising sources of vanadium is spent (deactivated) vanadium catalysts (SVC), in which the content of the valuable component in terms of pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) can reach 4–8%. It is much higher than in most processed ore raw materials. Spent catalysts are a secondary raw material, since during opera-tion there is a loss of catalytic properties (activity, conversion, selectivity). After several cycles of regene-ration, such a product is a subject of recycling to obtain valuable components. It should also be noted that there is an increase in demand for hydrotreating catalysts, which may cause an excess of spent catalysts in the future. In this regard, there is an urgent need to develop a highly efficient technology for processing catalysts in order to extract valuable components. The review of the scientific and technical literature shows that there are many methods for processing spent catalysts. The article describes the methods of acid, alkali, soda leaching, as well as the perfor-mance indicators of these processes. But the existing scientific developments in this area need further development in order to improve the efficiency of the vanadium oxide leaching process. DOI: 10.17580/nfm.2022.01.04","PeriodicalId":19653,"journal":{"name":"Nonferrous Metals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42814503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Lebed’, R. I. Verkhodanov, Z. A. Lebed, D. Bludova
During the passage of atmospheric precipitates through the porous dump body, the products of oxidation of sulfide minerals are dissolved. As a result, underspoil waters with low pH values and a significant amount of dissolved metals are formed. For the most part, all types of the sewage produced by mining and processing enterprises (underspoil, colliery, pit, drainage) are combined before treatment, which leads to the formation of a common water yield with complex chemical composition. According to the existing practice, the combined flow is neutralized with lime milk, which leads to irretrievable losses of non-ferrous metals with mud after neutralization. The use of the sulfiding method as part of the tactics of locally autonomous processing makes it possible to obtain the copper and zinc commercial products suitable for further metallurgical processing. Previously, sulphides of biogenic or chemical nature, as well as hydrogen sulphide, have been used in extraction of metals in the form of sulphides. In this study, we have used sulfur solution in sodium hydroxide with a mass ratio of NaOH:S = 1:1 as an alternative to the old reagents. During the study, the sulfur consumption for copper and zinc extraction were determined. The impact of water pH on zinc extraction is shown. The pilot-scale tests have confirmed the results of laboratory studies. Proposed is a flow chart with the following main operations: copper extraction, zinc extraction and the zinc product conditioning. Copper concentrate with a copper content of 32.9% and zinc concentrate with a zinc content of 48% were obtained. In the resulting deposits, copper is in the form of covellite (CuS), and zinc is in the form of sphalerite (ZnS). Through metal extraction was 99.9% for copper and 99.5% for zinc. DOI:
{"title":"Copper and zinc extraction from underspoil waters using sulfur solution in sodium hydroxide","authors":"A. Lebed’, R. I. Verkhodanov, Z. A. Lebed, D. Bludova","doi":"10.17580/nfm.2022.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17580/nfm.2022.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"During the passage of atmospheric precipitates through the porous dump body, the products of oxidation of sulfide minerals are dissolved. As a result, underspoil waters with low pH values and a significant amount of dissolved metals are formed. For the most part, all types of the sewage produced by mining and processing enterprises (underspoil, colliery, pit, drainage) are combined before treatment, which leads to the formation of a common water yield with complex chemical composition. According to the existing practice, the combined flow is neutralized with lime milk, which leads to irretrievable losses of non-ferrous metals with mud after neutralization. The use of the sulfiding method as part of the tactics of locally autonomous processing makes it possible to obtain the copper and zinc commercial products suitable for further metallurgical processing. Previously, sulphides of biogenic or chemical nature, as well as hydrogen sulphide, have been used in extraction of metals in the form of sulphides. In this study, we have used sulfur solution in sodium hydroxide with a mass ratio of NaOH:S = 1:1 as an alternative to the old reagents. During the study, the sulfur consumption for copper and zinc extraction were determined. The impact of water pH on zinc extraction is shown. The pilot-scale tests have confirmed the results of laboratory studies. Proposed is a flow chart with the following main operations: copper extraction, zinc extraction and the zinc product conditioning. Copper concentrate with a copper content of 32.9% and zinc concentrate with a zinc content of 48% were obtained. In the resulting deposits, copper is in the form of covellite (CuS), and zinc is in the form of sphalerite (ZnS). Through metal extraction was 99.9% for copper and 99.5% for zinc. DOI:","PeriodicalId":19653,"journal":{"name":"Nonferrous Metals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42757008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Currently, there are problems with the operation of metallurgical furnaces at high process temperatures. In the melting zone, the destruction of the side lining and the hearth slab lining in the contact zone of the melt is especially common due to the chemical aggressive environment from the processes of interaction and reactions between the components and mechanical wear as a result of the impact of the tool during maintenance. In most cases, refractory materials do not provide stable operation of the metallurgical unit, they have low operational characteristics. Of scientific and technical interest is the use as a modifying additive for a refractory mixture of technogenic microsilica — waste in the production of metallurgical silicon. Microsilica is a unique finely dispersed composite material with high strength, low density, and with a highly developed particle surface, which further gives refractory products improved strength and durability properties. As part of the study, a series of experiments were conducted with microsilica waste in the production technology of general-purpose fireclay products, as well as in the production technology of refractory concrete mix for monolithic concrete linings and the manufacture of refractory products. It has been established that the optimal value of the content of microsilica in the total mass of general-purpose fireclay products is in the range from 3 to 7%, and in the composition of a dry refractory concrete mixture from 1 to 2%, which does not lead to a decrease in the quality charac- teristics of the products. Tests of samples have shown that the use of microsilica in the production of refractories can significantly improve properties such as heat resistance and fire resistance, while redu- cing the cost of production. The obtained results of experiments conducted with the initial microsilica and its behavior in refractory mixtures indicate that the proposed fine composite material can be used in refractory products and introduced into technical standards.
{"title":"Refractory materials of metallurgical furnaces with the addition of silicon production waste","authors":"V. Bazhin, M. Glazev","doi":"10.17580/nfm.2022.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17580/nfm.2022.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, there are problems with the operation of metallurgical furnaces at high process temperatures. In the melting zone, the destruction of the side lining and the hearth slab lining in the contact zone of the melt is especially common due to the chemical aggressive environment from the processes of interaction and reactions between the components and mechanical wear as a result of the impact of the tool during maintenance. In most cases, refractory materials do not provide stable operation of the metallurgical unit, they have low operational characteristics. Of scientific and technical interest is the use as a modifying additive for a refractory mixture of technogenic microsilica — waste in the production of metallurgical silicon. Microsilica is a unique finely dispersed composite material with high strength, low density, and with a highly developed particle surface, which further gives refractory products improved strength and durability properties. As part of the study, a series of experiments were conducted with microsilica waste in the production technology of general-purpose fireclay products, as well as in the production technology of refractory concrete mix for monolithic concrete linings and the manufacture of refractory products. It has been established that the optimal value of the content of microsilica in the total mass of general-purpose fireclay products is in the range from 3 to 7%, and in the composition of a dry refractory concrete mixture from 1 to 2%, which does not lead to a decrease in the quality charac- teristics of the products. Tests of samples have shown that the use of microsilica in the production of refractories can significantly improve properties such as heat resistance and fire resistance, while redu- cing the cost of production. The obtained results of experiments conducted with the initial microsilica and its behavior in refractory mixtures indicate that the proposed fine composite material can be used in refractory products and introduced into technical standards.","PeriodicalId":19653,"journal":{"name":"Nonferrous Metals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48231971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proposed is an algorithm for calculating heat and mass transfer in electrothermal ore recovery processes in non-ferrous metallurgy. To implement the algorithm, the finite element method was used, which allows to take into account complex configuration of the internal volume of the reactor. A finite element grid automatic construction algorithm was used. An iterative algorithm for the finite element equations implementation with the matrix width optimization and the use of symmetry properties is proposed. A set of programs that allows to calculate operating modes of electrothermal ore-smelting reactors of any design, including those used in the smelting of non-ferrous metal alloys, has been developed. The interface of the programs is user-friendly. The multi-document interface provides visualization of the calculation results in the form of isolines of temperature fields and velocity vectors.
{"title":"Simulation and algorithmization of analysis of heat and mass transfer processes in chemical electrothermy units in non-ferrous metallurgy","authors":"S. V. Pancnehko, M. Dli, A. Bykov","doi":"10.17580/nfm.2022.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17580/nfm.2022.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"Proposed is an algorithm for calculating heat and mass transfer in electrothermal ore recovery processes in non-ferrous metallurgy. To implement the algorithm, the finite element method was used, which allows to take into account complex configuration of the internal volume of the reactor. A finite element grid automatic construction algorithm was used. An iterative algorithm for the finite element equations implementation with the matrix width optimization and the use of symmetry properties is proposed. A set of programs that allows to calculate operating modes of electrothermal ore-smelting reactors of any design, including those used in the smelting of non-ferrous metal alloys, has been developed. The interface of the programs is user-friendly. The multi-document interface provides visualization of the calculation results in the form of isolines of temperature fields and velocity vectors.","PeriodicalId":19653,"journal":{"name":"Nonferrous Metals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44834874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. V. Muslimova, A. S. Bujnovskij, N. Karakchieva, V. Sachkov
Apatite and loparite are the main sources of rare earth elements (REE) in Russia. Loparite is a complex titanate and niobate containing up to 30% wt. of REE oxides predominantly of the cerium group. Extraction processing methods are used at the stages of group separation and separation of REE concentrates. Tributyl phosphate (TBP) is a widely used extracting agent for these purposes. Extraction technologies have a number of disadvantages, in particular, a large number of separation stages because of low separation coefficients of individual REE combined with difficulties in separating liquid phases. The use of TBP-containing sorbents allows to eliminate the latter disadvantage. Both organic polymers and inorganic compounds may be used as sorbent carriers; among inorganic ones, silica is widely used, and it was selected for this study. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of variations of the proposed methods for synthesis of silica and modified TBP based sorbents on their ability to extract REE from the solutions of loparite concentrate processing. The article briefly describes a procedure for sorbent samples synthesis. Tetraethoxysilane, tributyl phosphate, stannic chloride and nanotubes have been used as starting reagents for the synthesis. A number of physicochemical properties have been determined for the synthesized samples (pore volume and their average diam-eter, surface area and morphology, acid-base properties of the surface), and thermogravimetric analysis has been performed. The sorption properties of the samples have been tested by the example of REE extraction from process solutions of loparite working up. The separation coefficients of Sm/La pairs up to 3.7, Pr/Nd up to 1.8 were obtained; therefore, the studied samples may be potentially used for samarium isolation from the REE combination, as well as for Pr – Nd pair separation.
{"title":"Application of silica-based sorbents to extraction of rare earth elements from loparite processing products","authors":"A. V. Muslimova, A. S. Bujnovskij, N. Karakchieva, V. Sachkov","doi":"10.17580/nfm.2022.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17580/nfm.2022.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Apatite and loparite are the main sources of rare earth elements (REE) in Russia. Loparite is a complex titanate and niobate containing up to 30% wt. of REE oxides predominantly of the cerium group. Extraction processing methods are used at the stages of group separation and separation of REE concentrates. Tributyl phosphate (TBP) is a widely used extracting agent for these purposes. Extraction technologies have a number of disadvantages, in particular, a large number of separation stages because of low separation coefficients of individual REE combined with difficulties in separating liquid phases. The use of TBP-containing sorbents allows to eliminate the latter disadvantage. Both organic polymers and inorganic compounds may be used as sorbent carriers; among inorganic ones, silica is widely used, and it was selected for this study. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of variations of the proposed methods for synthesis of silica and modified TBP based sorbents on their ability to extract REE from the solutions of loparite concentrate processing. The article briefly describes a procedure for sorbent samples synthesis. Tetraethoxysilane, tributyl phosphate, stannic chloride and nanotubes have been used as starting reagents for the synthesis. A number of physicochemical properties have been determined for the synthesized samples (pore volume and their average diam-eter, surface area and morphology, acid-base properties of the surface), and thermogravimetric analysis has been performed. The sorption properties of the samples have been tested by the example of REE extraction from process solutions of loparite working up. The separation coefficients of Sm/La pairs up to 3.7, Pr/Nd up to 1.8 were obtained; therefore, the studied samples may be potentially used for samarium isolation from the REE combination, as well as for Pr – Nd pair separation.","PeriodicalId":19653,"journal":{"name":"Nonferrous Metals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44070216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper is devoted to revealing the regularities of the influence of titanium (0.91, 2.42, 3.19, 3.39, 4.32 and 8.81 wt.%) on structure formation, nature of element distribution and microhardness of structural components in Al – Ni – Ti alloys by aluminothermy during SHS metallurgy. As the initial composition of the charge were selected the following materials in fractional parts: Al:NiO 2 :CaF 2 :NaNO 3 :TiO 2 = 10:10:12:6: X , where X = 1.5, 4.5, 5.0, 7.0, 10.0. X The structural components in Al – Ni – Ti alloys have been identified by electron microscopy and X -ray spectral analysis XX of elements. In the alloys with 0.91–4.32 wt.% Ti the following phases crystallize: β′ -phase (solid solution of Ni in the nickel aluminide AlNi) Al 3 Ni 2 , Al 3 Ti, Al 3 Ni and α -solid solution of Ni and Ti in aluminum. In an alloy with 8.81 wt.% Ti the β′ -phase turns into a titanium-doped nickel aluminide Al(NiTi) (composition in at.%: 50.53 Al; 1.47 Ti; 48.0 Ni). The increase of titanium content in Al – Ni – Ti alloys increases the solubility of Ni in the β′ -phase and at titanium concentra- tion in the alloy 8.81 wt.% in the aluminide Al(NiTi) up to 48 at.% Ni is dissolved compared to the solubility of nickel (38 at.%) in the alloy with 0.91 wt.% Ti. Increasing the nickel content in the above phases contributes to their microhard- ness from 13 GPa to 14.8 GPa at 8.81 wt.% Ti. Increasing the titanium content in Al – Ni – Ti alloys to 4.32 wt.% increases the solubility of nickel in the nickel aluminide Al 3 Ni, with a higher concentration of titanium (8.81 wt.%) in the nickel aluminide with titanium Al(NiTi) dissolves up to 48.53 at.% Ni, while in the alloy with 0.91 wt.% Ti – only about 1.0 at.% Ni. At the same time, the Al and Ti content in titanium aluminide Al 3 Ti decreases and its microhardness increases. It was not possible to determine the microhardness of Al(NiTi) aluminide because of the formation of a porous structure. In nickel aluminide Al 3 Ni, an increase in titanium content leads to an increase in nickel concentration to 4.32 wt.% Ti followed by a slight increase to 8.81 wt.% Ti. Despite increasing the nickel content and decreasing the aluminum concentration, the microhardness of the nickel aluminide decreases. Apparently, this circumstance is caused by the formation of a porous structure in this phase.
{"title":"Influence of titanium on structure formation, liquation processes and microhardness of structural components of Al – Ni – Ti alloys synthesized from the oxide phases by SHS metallurgy","authors":"E. H. Ri, Hosen Ri, K. Doroshenko, E. D. Kim","doi":"10.17580/nfm.2022.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17580/nfm.2022.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is devoted to revealing the regularities of the influence of titanium (0.91, 2.42, 3.19, 3.39, 4.32 and 8.81 wt.%) on structure formation, nature of element distribution and microhardness of structural components in Al – Ni – Ti alloys by aluminothermy during SHS metallurgy. As the initial composition of the charge were selected the following materials in fractional parts: Al:NiO 2 :CaF 2 :NaNO 3 :TiO 2 = 10:10:12:6: X , where X = 1.5, 4.5, 5.0, 7.0, 10.0. X The structural components in Al – Ni – Ti alloys have been identified by electron microscopy and X -ray spectral analysis XX of elements. In the alloys with 0.91–4.32 wt.% Ti the following phases crystallize: β′ -phase (solid solution of Ni in the nickel aluminide AlNi) Al 3 Ni 2 , Al 3 Ti, Al 3 Ni and α -solid solution of Ni and Ti in aluminum. In an alloy with 8.81 wt.% Ti the β′ -phase turns into a titanium-doped nickel aluminide Al(NiTi) (composition in at.%: 50.53 Al; 1.47 Ti; 48.0 Ni). The increase of titanium content in Al – Ni – Ti alloys increases the solubility of Ni in the β′ -phase and at titanium concentra- tion in the alloy 8.81 wt.% in the aluminide Al(NiTi) up to 48 at.% Ni is dissolved compared to the solubility of nickel (38 at.%) in the alloy with 0.91 wt.% Ti. Increasing the nickel content in the above phases contributes to their microhard- ness from 13 GPa to 14.8 GPa at 8.81 wt.% Ti. Increasing the titanium content in Al – Ni – Ti alloys to 4.32 wt.% increases the solubility of nickel in the nickel aluminide Al 3 Ni, with a higher concentration of titanium (8.81 wt.%) in the nickel aluminide with titanium Al(NiTi) dissolves up to 48.53 at.% Ni, while in the alloy with 0.91 wt.% Ti – only about 1.0 at.% Ni. At the same time, the Al and Ti content in titanium aluminide Al 3 Ti decreases and its microhardness increases. It was not possible to determine the microhardness of Al(NiTi) aluminide because of the formation of a porous structure. In nickel aluminide Al 3 Ni, an increase in titanium content leads to an increase in nickel concentration to 4.32 wt.% Ti followed by a slight increase to 8.81 wt.% Ti. Despite increasing the nickel content and decreasing the aluminum concentration, the microhardness of the nickel aluminide decreases. Apparently, this circumstance is caused by the formation of a porous structure in this phase.","PeriodicalId":19653,"journal":{"name":"Nonferrous Metals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47104025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：