Chelating gels may initially assist in root canal preparations to help establish a glide path. While irrigation surveys have investigated liquid chelators and gels to a minor extent, no endodontic survey has focused on EDTA gels and why clinicians use them. All 395 members of the Australian Society of Endodontology (ASE) were emailed an 11-question survey concerning chelation gel usage via Qualtrics. Paper copies were also distributed at ASE events. Descriptive statistics were performed for practitioner and chelating gel data. Cross-tabulations of the practitioner type with the case percentage usage of gels were analyzed with the chi square test (adjusted p value < 0.0083). The overall response rate was 181/395 (46%). For 174 eligible responses, those who never/rarely used a gel were as follows: endodontic residents 12/14 (86%), endodontists 53/71 (75%), general dentists 39/86 (45%), and other members 0% (0/3). Most gel users said that gels helped establish a glide path. Those who never/rarely used chelating gels commented that they held no benefits over liquid EDTA. Endodontists were less likely to use a chelation gel than general dentists (p < 0.0083). Older clinicians had higher gel usage than younger ASE members (p < 0.0083), indicating a possible trend to diminished gel usage over time amongst ASE members. In conclusion, most ASE members find no need for a chelating gel, raising questions about their clinical effectiveness. Studies would therefore be warranted to investigate gel efficacy and improved clinical outcomes.
螯合凝胶最初可能有助于根管预备，帮助建立滑行路径。虽然灌洗调查对液体螯合剂和凝胶进行了小范围的调查，但还没有一项牙髓学调查侧重于 EDTA 凝胶以及临床医生使用它们的原因。我们通过 Qualtrics 向澳大利亚牙髓病学学会 (ASE) 的所有 395 名会员发送了一份有关螯合凝胶使用情况的调查问卷，共 11 个问题。此外，还在 ASE 的活动中分发了纸质调查问卷。对从业人员和螯合凝胶数据进行了描述性统计。使用卡方检验对从业人员类型与凝胶使用案例百分比的交叉表进行了分析（调整后的 P 值小于 0.0083）。总回复率为 181/395（46%）。在 174 份符合条件的回复中，从未/很少使用凝胶的情况如下：牙髓科住院医师 12/14（86%），牙髓科医师 53/71（75%），普通牙医 39/86（45%），其他成员 0%（0/3）。大多数凝胶使用者表示，凝胶有助于建立滑行路径。那些从未/很少使用螯合凝胶的人认为，与液态乙二胺四乙酸相比，螯合凝胶没有任何益处。牙髓病学家使用螯合凝胶的可能性低于普通牙医（p < 0.0083）。年长的临床医师比年轻的 ASE 会员使用凝胶的比例更高（p < 0.0083），这表明随着时间的推移，ASE 会员使用凝胶的比例可能会呈下降趋势。总之，大多数 ASE 会员认为没有必要使用螯合凝胶，从而对其临床效果产生了疑问。因此，有必要对凝胶的功效和临床效果进行研究。
{"title":"Usage of Chelating Gels in Root Canal Preparation: A Survey of Australian Clinicians","authors":"Patricia P. Wright, Elise S. Diamond, OA Peters","doi":"10.3390/oral4030026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral4030026","url":null,"abstract":"Chelating gels may initially assist in root canal preparations to help establish a glide path. While irrigation surveys have investigated liquid chelators and gels to a minor extent, no endodontic survey has focused on EDTA gels and why clinicians use them. All 395 members of the Australian Society of Endodontology (ASE) were emailed an 11-question survey concerning chelation gel usage via Qualtrics. Paper copies were also distributed at ASE events. Descriptive statistics were performed for practitioner and chelating gel data. Cross-tabulations of the practitioner type with the case percentage usage of gels were analyzed with the chi square test (adjusted p value < 0.0083). The overall response rate was 181/395 (46%). For 174 eligible responses, those who never/rarely used a gel were as follows: endodontic residents 12/14 (86%), endodontists 53/71 (75%), general dentists 39/86 (45%), and other members 0% (0/3). Most gel users said that gels helped establish a glide path. Those who never/rarely used chelating gels commented that they held no benefits over liquid EDTA. Endodontists were less likely to use a chelation gel than general dentists (p < 0.0083). Older clinicians had higher gel usage than younger ASE members (p < 0.0083), indicating a possible trend to diminished gel usage over time amongst ASE members. In conclusion, most ASE members find no need for a chelating gel, raising questions about their clinical effectiveness. Studies would therefore be warranted to investigate gel efficacy and improved clinical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":19685,"journal":{"name":"Oral","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141802121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are a series of protocols regarding the placement of dental implants after tooth extraction. The advantages and disadvantages that determine the procedure and timing of each dental implant placement process are key to achieving success. The main objective of this study was to elucidate/establish/determine whether there are differences in the survival and marginal bone loss between implants placed immediately after placement and those placed following a delayed protocol. A search was conducted in Pubmed, BVS, and Cochrane. Eleven randomized clinical trials that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected, and a meta-analysis was carried out to compare the implant failures and marginal bone loss between study groups. The analysis showed that delayed implant placement had fewer failures (odds ratio, fixed effects: 3.47 [CI: 95% (1.17, 10.48)]). As regards marginal bone loss, there was a tendency towards less tissue loss in the delayed placement group (mean difference, random effects: 0.11 [CI: 95% (−0.10, 0.33)]); however, further research is needed to evaluate this variable.
{"title":"Survival and Marginal Bone Loss in Immediate Post-Extraction Implants versus Delayed Implants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Alba Portal-Solera, Beatriz Pardal-Peláez","doi":"10.3390/oral4030027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral4030027","url":null,"abstract":"There are a series of protocols regarding the placement of dental implants after tooth extraction. The advantages and disadvantages that determine the procedure and timing of each dental implant placement process are key to achieving success. The main objective of this study was to elucidate/establish/determine whether there are differences in the survival and marginal bone loss between implants placed immediately after placement and those placed following a delayed protocol. A search was conducted in Pubmed, BVS, and Cochrane. Eleven randomized clinical trials that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected, and a meta-analysis was carried out to compare the implant failures and marginal bone loss between study groups. The analysis showed that delayed implant placement had fewer failures (odds ratio, fixed effects: 3.47 [CI: 95% (1.17, 10.48)]). As regards marginal bone loss, there was a tendency towards less tissue loss in the delayed placement group (mean difference, random effects: 0.11 [CI: 95% (−0.10, 0.33)]); however, further research is needed to evaluate this variable.","PeriodicalId":19685,"journal":{"name":"Oral","volume":"117 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141802056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Teeth are the anatomical tissue with the highest resistance to the action of chemical and physical agents. This is one of the reasons that make teeth particularly useful in the identification process of skeletonized and carbonized human remains. The aim of this research is to analyze the colorimetric changes in the enamel of teeth subjected to high temperatures to develop a reproducible colorimetric cataloging method. Methods: Six groups of 21 human teeth extracted from private clinics and from a Dental School for therapeutic reasons were used and subjected to three temperature ranges in a laboratory furnace: 400 °C, 700 °C, and 1000 °C. For each temperature, two time periods of 20 min and 60 min were chosen. Each group of dental elements was analyzed using a dental spectrophotometer to extract the colorimetric data of the crown. The obtained color coordinates were subsequently converted into Red–Green–Blue (RGB) values. The two predominant colors were also selected to create average colorimetric values, which demonstrate the change in color hue according to temperature. The groups of teeth subjected to 20 min at 400 °C exhibited a dark gray coloration, while the teeth subjected to 20 min at 700 °C showed a general increase in color brightness with beige–blueish hues. Results: The teeth subjected to 20 min at 1000 °C displayed progressively lighter shades with pinkish reflections. The teeth subjected to 60 min at the same temperatures demonstrated a general increase in brightness, making differentiation more challenging, except for the group of teeth burned at 400 °C, which showed light gray–blueish tones. Conclusion: This study further supports the existing literature on the correlation between colorimetric shifts in carbonized teeth and the maximum temperature reached, providing valuable assistance to forensic pathology and the forensic dental identification of burnt human remains. Additionally, this research has led to the development of a standardized colorimetric patented scale for the observation and examination of burnt human teeth.
背景：牙齿是抗化学剂和物理剂作用能力最强的解剖组织。这也是牙齿在鉴定骨骼化和碳化人类遗骸过程中特别有用的原因之一。本研究的目的是分析高温下牙齿珐琅质的比色变化，以开发一种可重复的比色编目方法。研究方法研究人员使用了六组 21 颗从私人诊所和牙科学校因治疗原因拔出的人类牙齿，并在实验室熔炉中对其进行了三种温度范围的加热：400 °C、700 °C 和 1000 °C。在每个温度下，选择 20 分钟和 60 分钟两个时间段。使用牙科分光光度计对每组牙科元素进行分析，以提取牙冠的色度数据。随后将获得的颜色坐标转换为红绿蓝 (RGB) 值。此外，还选择了两种主要颜色来创建平均色度值，以显示色调随温度的变化。在 400 °C 下 20 分钟的牙齿组呈现出深灰色，而在 700 °C 下 20 分钟的牙齿组则呈现出米蓝色调，颜色亮度普遍提高。结果：在 1000 ℃ 下 20 分钟的牙齿颜色逐渐变浅，呈现粉红色。在相同温度下灼烧 60 分钟的牙齿显示出普遍的亮度增加，这使得区分变得更加困难，只有在 400 °C 下灼烧的一组牙齿显示出浅灰蓝色调。结论这项研究进一步证实了现有文献中关于碳化牙齿的色度变化与所达到的最高温度之间的相关性，为法医病理学和烧焦人类遗骸的法医牙科鉴定提供了宝贵的帮助。此外，这项研究还促成了用于观察和检查烧焦人类牙齿的标准化色度专利量表的开发。
{"title":"Colorimetric Study on Burnt Teeth and New Diagnostic Tool in Forensic Dental Identification: The Carbodent Scale","authors":"E. Nuzzolese, Matteo Aliberti, Giancarlo Di Vella","doi":"10.3390/oral4030025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral4030025","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Teeth are the anatomical tissue with the highest resistance to the action of chemical and physical agents. This is one of the reasons that make teeth particularly useful in the identification process of skeletonized and carbonized human remains. The aim of this research is to analyze the colorimetric changes in the enamel of teeth subjected to high temperatures to develop a reproducible colorimetric cataloging method. Methods: Six groups of 21 human teeth extracted from private clinics and from a Dental School for therapeutic reasons were used and subjected to three temperature ranges in a laboratory furnace: 400 °C, 700 °C, and 1000 °C. For each temperature, two time periods of 20 min and 60 min were chosen. Each group of dental elements was analyzed using a dental spectrophotometer to extract the colorimetric data of the crown. The obtained color coordinates were subsequently converted into Red–Green–Blue (RGB) values. The two predominant colors were also selected to create average colorimetric values, which demonstrate the change in color hue according to temperature. The groups of teeth subjected to 20 min at 400 °C exhibited a dark gray coloration, while the teeth subjected to 20 min at 700 °C showed a general increase in color brightness with beige–blueish hues. Results: The teeth subjected to 20 min at 1000 °C displayed progressively lighter shades with pinkish reflections. The teeth subjected to 60 min at the same temperatures demonstrated a general increase in brightness, making differentiation more challenging, except for the group of teeth burned at 400 °C, which showed light gray–blueish tones. Conclusion: This study further supports the existing literature on the correlation between colorimetric shifts in carbonized teeth and the maximum temperature reached, providing valuable assistance to forensic pathology and the forensic dental identification of burnt human remains. Additionally, this research has led to the development of a standardized colorimetric patented scale for the observation and examination of burnt human teeth.","PeriodicalId":19685,"journal":{"name":"Oral","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141658408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fariba Esperouz, D. Ciavarella, Andrea Santarelli, Mauro Lorusso, L. Lo Muzio, L. Laino, L. Lo Russo
(1) Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a major public health challenge worldwide, with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) being the predominant form. Despite advances in treatment, OSCC remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to delayed diagnosis and limited therapeutic efficacy. This study reviews omics technologies to assess new salivary biomarkers for the early detection of OSCC. (2) Methods: A comprehensive literature search in the last 20 years identified four relevant studies focusing on salivary biomarkers in OSCC. (3) Results: Proteomic and genomic analyses revealed significant changes in salivary composition between OSCC patients and healthy controls, suggesting promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. However, studies showed varying degrees of bias, indicating the need for further research and improved standardization. (4) Conclusions: Saliva, with its advantages of ease of collection, minimal invasiveness, and potential for large-scale screening, is an emerging promising substrate for non-invasive biomarker research. Nonetheless, there is a need for improved biomarker sensitivity and specificity; currently, histological examination remains the golden standard.
{"title":"Saliva-Based Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using OMICS Technologies: A Systematic Review","authors":"Fariba Esperouz, D. Ciavarella, Andrea Santarelli, Mauro Lorusso, L. Lo Muzio, L. Laino, L. Lo Russo","doi":"10.3390/oral4030024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral4030024","url":null,"abstract":"(1) Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a major public health challenge worldwide, with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) being the predominant form. Despite advances in treatment, OSCC remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to delayed diagnosis and limited therapeutic efficacy. This study reviews omics technologies to assess new salivary biomarkers for the early detection of OSCC. (2) Methods: A comprehensive literature search in the last 20 years identified four relevant studies focusing on salivary biomarkers in OSCC. (3) Results: Proteomic and genomic analyses revealed significant changes in salivary composition between OSCC patients and healthy controls, suggesting promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. However, studies showed varying degrees of bias, indicating the need for further research and improved standardization. (4) Conclusions: Saliva, with its advantages of ease of collection, minimal invasiveness, and potential for large-scale screening, is an emerging promising substrate for non-invasive biomarker research. Nonetheless, there is a need for improved biomarker sensitivity and specificity; currently, histological examination remains the golden standard.","PeriodicalId":19685,"journal":{"name":"Oral","volume":"7 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141685755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A healthy 47-year-old woman consulted the Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit of the University Hospitals of Geneva with a request to treat her painful tooth 11 and replace the missing tooth 21. The dental history revealed that the patient had lost teeth 21 and 22 due to advanced caries. On clinical examination, tooth 11 showed an ill-fitting prosthetic crown with overhanging margins, an increased localized probing depth of 8 mm in the disto-vestibular area, and sensitivity to percussion. The edentulous site 21 showed horizontal bone atrophy. Radiological examination revealed a well-defined unilocular radiotransparent lesion surrounded by a thin radiolucent border, located at the apex of tooth 11 and measuring 10 × 8 mm. The treatment consisted of extraction of 11, enucleation of the apical lesion, and insertion of implants at sites 11 and 21 with simultaneous bone augmentation in a single surgical procedure, with aesthetic and functional results at 3-year follow-up without any complications. Our case highlights that immediate implant placement in cases of cystic periapical lesions represents a good valid alternative to standard treatment.
{"title":"Immediate Implant Placement at an Inflammatory Periapical Cyst Site in the Aesthetic Area","authors":"Alexandre Perez, Mathilde Layac, Tommaso Lombardi","doi":"10.3390/oral4020021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral4020021","url":null,"abstract":"A healthy 47-year-old woman consulted the Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit of the University Hospitals of Geneva with a request to treat her painful tooth 11 and replace the missing tooth 21. The dental history revealed that the patient had lost teeth 21 and 22 due to advanced caries. On clinical examination, tooth 11 showed an ill-fitting prosthetic crown with overhanging margins, an increased localized probing depth of 8 mm in the disto-vestibular area, and sensitivity to percussion. The edentulous site 21 showed horizontal bone atrophy. Radiological examination revealed a well-defined unilocular radiotransparent lesion surrounded by a thin radiolucent border, located at the apex of tooth 11 and measuring 10 × 8 mm. The treatment consisted of extraction of 11, enucleation of the apical lesion, and insertion of implants at sites 11 and 21 with simultaneous bone augmentation in a single surgical procedure, with aesthetic and functional results at 3-year follow-up without any complications. Our case highlights that immediate implant placement in cases of cystic periapical lesions represents a good valid alternative to standard treatment.","PeriodicalId":19685,"journal":{"name":"Oral","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Digital models and three-dimensional technology in orthodontics have become an integral part of everyday clinical practice. Nevertheless, there is currently no consensus regarding in which cases a digital model is really necessary. Therefore, this scoping review aims to identify and assess which orthodontic procedures require a digital model. This review’s reporting was based on PRISMA guidelines. A literature search was undertaken using five electronic databases on 17 February 2024. A total of 87 studies met the inclusion criteria and were qualitatively analyzed by three reviewers. The following aspects of orthodontic treatment were identified and discussed with regard to digital model application: diagnosis, treatment procedures, retention, and outcome evaluation in orthodontics. Based on the studies assessed, despite some limitations regarding radiation exposure justification and the accuracy of the integration methods of 3D data, there is evidence that digital models lead to more accurate orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. In cases of impacted canines, aligner treatment, mini-implants insertion (when angle definition and orientation are essential), and primary care for cleft lip and palate, a partial digital model produced by an integration of some of the 3D data (face scan, intraoral scan, CBCT) that we can acquire is beneficial. A full digital model that combines all the 3D information should be used in orthognathic surgery cases, in which prediction and accurate performance are highly advocated.
{"title":"Digital Model in Orthodontics: Is It Really Necessary for Every Treatment Procedure? A Scoping Review","authors":"Ioanna Pouliezou, Anastasia Panagiota Gravia, Michail Vasoglou","doi":"10.3390/oral4020020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral4020020","url":null,"abstract":"Digital models and three-dimensional technology in orthodontics have become an integral part of everyday clinical practice. Nevertheless, there is currently no consensus regarding in which cases a digital model is really necessary. Therefore, this scoping review aims to identify and assess which orthodontic procedures require a digital model. This review’s reporting was based on PRISMA guidelines. A literature search was undertaken using five electronic databases on 17 February 2024. A total of 87 studies met the inclusion criteria and were qualitatively analyzed by three reviewers. The following aspects of orthodontic treatment were identified and discussed with regard to digital model application: diagnosis, treatment procedures, retention, and outcome evaluation in orthodontics. Based on the studies assessed, despite some limitations regarding radiation exposure justification and the accuracy of the integration methods of 3D data, there is evidence that digital models lead to more accurate orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. In cases of impacted canines, aligner treatment, mini-implants insertion (when angle definition and orientation are essential), and primary care for cleft lip and palate, a partial digital model produced by an integration of some of the 3D data (face scan, intraoral scan, CBCT) that we can acquire is beneficial. A full digital model that combines all the 3D information should be used in orthognathic surgery cases, in which prediction and accurate performance are highly advocated.","PeriodicalId":19685,"journal":{"name":"Oral","volume":"36 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141270134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Oral health (OH) has evolved beyond dental concerns to encompass psychosocial dimensions and overall well-being. This study reviews OH strategies within a public health framework to identify key elements for effective OH promotion. Methods: A literature review following PRISMA guidelines identified 42 relevant articles from 62 screened. Five themes emerged: group-level, individual-level, policy-level (emphasizing devising OH policies), healthcare delivery, and communication. Common components included OH education, behaviour change, access to OH services, and policy integration. Results: Thematic analysis identified five overarching themes in oral health (OH) promotion strategies, with a focus on tailored approaches for specific populations and components such as education, access to services, interventions, and policy, emphasizing the multifaceted nature of OH promotion. Conclusion: Effective OH promotion requires a multifaceted approach and tailored strategies with interprofessional collaboration. Future research should focus on cost-effectiveness and user-friendly resources for OH professionals and policymakers.
{"title":"The Public Health Approach to Oral Health: A Literature Review","authors":"Mariel Cabrera, R. Bedi, M. Lomazzi","doi":"10.3390/oral4020019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral4020019","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oral health (OH) has evolved beyond dental concerns to encompass psychosocial dimensions and overall well-being. This study reviews OH strategies within a public health framework to identify key elements for effective OH promotion. Methods: A literature review following PRISMA guidelines identified 42 relevant articles from 62 screened. Five themes emerged: group-level, individual-level, policy-level (emphasizing devising OH policies), healthcare delivery, and communication. Common components included OH education, behaviour change, access to OH services, and policy integration. Results: Thematic analysis identified five overarching themes in oral health (OH) promotion strategies, with a focus on tailored approaches for specific populations and components such as education, access to services, interventions, and policy, emphasizing the multifaceted nature of OH promotion. Conclusion: Effective OH promotion requires a multifaceted approach and tailored strategies with interprofessional collaboration. Future research should focus on cost-effectiveness and user-friendly resources for OH professionals and policymakers.","PeriodicalId":19685,"journal":{"name":"Oral","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The influence of medical and dental factors on jaw clicking within the South Australian population remains unexplored, and there is a lack of research on the impact of occlusal therapy on dynamic jaw movement parameters in this population. Purpose: This study investigated the potential significant associations between specific aspects of patient histories, occlusal therapy, and self-reported or observed jaw clicking in a population from the state of South Australia. Methods: Seventy individuals aged 18 to 65 participated in a cross-sectional study. Data collection included comprehensive medical, social, and dental histories, followed by evaluations of jaw function. Twenty-six out of the seventy individuals reported jaw clicking. Electrognathography assessed maximum mouth opening, surface electromyography evaluated masticatory muscle function, and joint vibration analysis measured individual joint vibration amplitudes and integrals. Logistic regression models analysed overall variable effects, while sub-models focused on predictors related to occlusal therapy, specifically orthodontic intervention. Independent t-tests and Mann–Whitney U tests compared jaw functions between participants who received occlusal therapy and those who did not. Results: The number of third molars extracted, vitamin D deficiency, and self-reported mental health disorders (R2 = 0.414, p = 0.048) emerged as significant predictors for jaw clicking. Factors associated with occlusal therapy showed no significant association with jaw clicking (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.027). Furthermore, there were no significant differences observed in mouth opening (t-stat = −0.439, p = 0.662), muscle activity, and joint vibration analysis between participants who underwent occlusal therapy and those who did not. Conclusions: Within the selected study population and limited sample size, the number of third molars extracted, vitamin D deficiency, and self-reported mental health disorders were associated with jaw clicking.
背景：在南澳大利亚州的人群中，医疗和牙科因素对下颌咔嗒声的影响仍未得到探讨，而且缺乏有关咬合治疗对该人群下颌动态运动参数影响的研究。目的：本研究调查了南澳大利亚州人群中患者病史的特定方面、咬合治疗和自我报告或观察到的下颌咔嗒声之间的潜在重要关联。研究方法年龄在 18 岁至 65 岁之间的 70 人参与了一项横断面研究。数据收集包括全面的医疗、社会和牙科病史，然后对颌骨功能进行评估。七十人中有二十六人报告了下颌咔嗒声。电图形学评估了最大张口度，表面肌电图评估了咀嚼肌功能，关节振动分析测量了单个关节的振动幅度和积分。逻辑回归模型分析了总体变量效应，而子模型则侧重于与咬合治疗（特别是正畸干预）相关的预测因素。独立 t 检验和 Mann-Whitney U 检验比较了接受咬合治疗和未接受咬合治疗的参与者的颌骨功能。结果显示第三磨牙拔除数量、维生素 D 缺乏症和自我报告的心理健康障碍（R2 = 0.414，p = 0.048）成为颌骨咔嗒作响的重要预测因素。与咬合治疗相关的因素与下颌咔嗒声无明显关联（R2 = 0.59，p = 0.027）。此外，在张口（t-stat = -0.439，p = 0.662）、肌肉活动和关节振动分析方面，接受咬合治疗的参与者与未接受咬合治疗的参与者之间没有观察到明显差异。结论在选定的研究人群和有限的样本量中，拔除第三磨牙的数量、维生素 D 缺乏症和自我报告的心理健康障碍与下颌咔嗒声有关。
{"title":"Variables Associated with Jaw Clicking in a South Australian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"T. H. Farook, Lameesa Ramees, James Dudley","doi":"10.3390/oral4020018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral4020018","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The influence of medical and dental factors on jaw clicking within the South Australian population remains unexplored, and there is a lack of research on the impact of occlusal therapy on dynamic jaw movement parameters in this population. Purpose: This study investigated the potential significant associations between specific aspects of patient histories, occlusal therapy, and self-reported or observed jaw clicking in a population from the state of South Australia. Methods: Seventy individuals aged 18 to 65 participated in a cross-sectional study. Data collection included comprehensive medical, social, and dental histories, followed by evaluations of jaw function. Twenty-six out of the seventy individuals reported jaw clicking. Electrognathography assessed maximum mouth opening, surface electromyography evaluated masticatory muscle function, and joint vibration analysis measured individual joint vibration amplitudes and integrals. Logistic regression models analysed overall variable effects, while sub-models focused on predictors related to occlusal therapy, specifically orthodontic intervention. Independent t-tests and Mann–Whitney U tests compared jaw functions between participants who received occlusal therapy and those who did not. Results: The number of third molars extracted, vitamin D deficiency, and self-reported mental health disorders (R2 = 0.414, p = 0.048) emerged as significant predictors for jaw clicking. Factors associated with occlusal therapy showed no significant association with jaw clicking (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.027). Furthermore, there were no significant differences observed in mouth opening (t-stat = −0.439, p = 0.662), muscle activity, and joint vibration analysis between participants who underwent occlusal therapy and those who did not. Conclusions: Within the selected study population and limited sample size, the number of third molars extracted, vitamin D deficiency, and self-reported mental health disorders were associated with jaw clicking.","PeriodicalId":19685,"journal":{"name":"Oral","volume":" 76","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
João Carlos Ramos, Alfredo Marinho, Ana Messias, Gabriela Almeida, A. Vinagre, R. Dias
The widespread application of CAD/CAM technology in contemporary dentistry led to the development of promising restorative materials, such as resin composite blocks (RCBs). Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the mechanical properties of RCBs, comparing this material to the direct composite resin from the same manufacturer. Samples retrieved from three CAD/CAM resin composite blocks (Tetric CAD (TC), Ivoclar Vivadent, Grandio blocs (GB), VOCO GmbH and Brilliant Crios (BC), Coltene/Whaledent) and four direct composite resins (Tetric EvoCeram (TEC), Ivoclar Vivadent, GrandioSO (GS), VOCO GmbH, Brilliant EverGlow Translucent (BET) and Universal Shade (BEU), Coltene/Whaledent) were submitted to three-point bending flexural test and Vickers microhardness test. The resulting data of the flexural strength were analyzed using one-way ANOVA considering Bonferroni correction for post hoc tests (α = 0.05). The flexural modulus and Vickers microhardness results were analyzed using Welch’s ANOVA considering Games–Howell correction for post hoc tests (α = 0.05). Regarding results, flexural strength and flexural modulus values ranged from 81.1 MPa (BEU) to 246.5 MPa (GB) and 10.6 GPa (BEU) to 20.3 GPa (GB), respectively. GS (121.2) and GB (136.2) groups were associated with the highest microhardness values. According to the post hoc tests, statistically significant differences in flexure strength were found in RCBs (BC, GB, and TC) compared to all direct composite resins. Flexural modulus and Vickers microhardness of RCBs (BC, GB, TC) were also significantly different from the direct composite resin (BET, BED, and TEC), except when comparing GS and GB for microhardness. In conclusion, differences between RCBs and direct composite resins were observed regarding flexural strength, flexural modulus, and microhardness, revealing that RCBs have enhanced mechanical properties compared to direct composite resins.
{"title":"Mechanical Properties of Direct Composite Resins and CAD/CAM Composite Blocks","authors":"João Carlos Ramos, Alfredo Marinho, Ana Messias, Gabriela Almeida, A. Vinagre, R. Dias","doi":"10.3390/oral4020017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral4020017","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread application of CAD/CAM technology in contemporary dentistry led to the development of promising restorative materials, such as resin composite blocks (RCBs). Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the mechanical properties of RCBs, comparing this material to the direct composite resin from the same manufacturer. Samples retrieved from three CAD/CAM resin composite blocks (Tetric CAD (TC), Ivoclar Vivadent, Grandio blocs (GB), VOCO GmbH and Brilliant Crios (BC), Coltene/Whaledent) and four direct composite resins (Tetric EvoCeram (TEC), Ivoclar Vivadent, GrandioSO (GS), VOCO GmbH, Brilliant EverGlow Translucent (BET) and Universal Shade (BEU), Coltene/Whaledent) were submitted to three-point bending flexural test and Vickers microhardness test. The resulting data of the flexural strength were analyzed using one-way ANOVA considering Bonferroni correction for post hoc tests (α = 0.05). The flexural modulus and Vickers microhardness results were analyzed using Welch’s ANOVA considering Games–Howell correction for post hoc tests (α = 0.05). Regarding results, flexural strength and flexural modulus values ranged from 81.1 MPa (BEU) to 246.5 MPa (GB) and 10.6 GPa (BEU) to 20.3 GPa (GB), respectively. GS (121.2) and GB (136.2) groups were associated with the highest microhardness values. According to the post hoc tests, statistically significant differences in flexure strength were found in RCBs (BC, GB, and TC) compared to all direct composite resins. Flexural modulus and Vickers microhardness of RCBs (BC, GB, TC) were also significantly different from the direct composite resin (BET, BED, and TEC), except when comparing GS and GB for microhardness. In conclusion, differences between RCBs and direct composite resins were observed regarding flexural strength, flexural modulus, and microhardness, revealing that RCBs have enhanced mechanical properties compared to direct composite resins.","PeriodicalId":19685,"journal":{"name":"Oral","volume":"176 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141015041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicola Derton, A. Bellocchio, Elia Ciancio, Serena Barbera, Andrea Caddia, Niki Arveda, Riccardo Nucera
Background: To analyze the anatomical characteristics of a posterior area in the mandible localized distally to the second molars and extending in the vestibular direction toward the bony step, which we define as “buccal step”, in a patient with different skeletal patterns for mini-screw insertion. Methods: The sample included 85 CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) records selected from the digital archive. Analysis focused on the buccal step area. Sections were obtained in axial view using reference lines, and measurements of cortical and total bone were taken at specific points M0 (starting point, 6 mm apical from CEJc—cementoenamel junction crest), M2 (located 2 mm posterior to M0 in the apical direction), and M4 (positioned 4 mm posterior to M0 in the apical direction) in both directions. Six measurements were recorded for each scan root plane, assessing cortical and total bone depth. Results: The thickness of the bone increases toward the inside of the mouth at all tested sites (M0, M2, M4), which is good for placing mini-screws. Cortical bone thickness decreases toward the inside of the mouth, with no significant differences among the sites except for M0 vs. M4. People with a particular jaw shape (hypo-divergent) have a thicker cortical bone, indicating that facial structure affects bone thickness. Conclusions: The posterior buccal step insertion site has biomechanical advantages and reduces the risk of damaging roots during mini-screw insertions.
{"title":"Anatomical Bone Characteristics of the Buccal Step Insertion Site for Mini-Screw Placement in Orthodontic Treatment: A CBCT Study","authors":"Nicola Derton, A. Bellocchio, Elia Ciancio, Serena Barbera, Andrea Caddia, Niki Arveda, Riccardo Nucera","doi":"10.3390/oral4020016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral4020016","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To analyze the anatomical characteristics of a posterior area in the mandible localized distally to the second molars and extending in the vestibular direction toward the bony step, which we define as “buccal step”, in a patient with different skeletal patterns for mini-screw insertion. Methods: The sample included 85 CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) records selected from the digital archive. Analysis focused on the buccal step area. Sections were obtained in axial view using reference lines, and measurements of cortical and total bone were taken at specific points M0 (starting point, 6 mm apical from CEJc—cementoenamel junction crest), M2 (located 2 mm posterior to M0 in the apical direction), and M4 (positioned 4 mm posterior to M0 in the apical direction) in both directions. Six measurements were recorded for each scan root plane, assessing cortical and total bone depth. Results: The thickness of the bone increases toward the inside of the mouth at all tested sites (M0, M2, M4), which is good for placing mini-screws. Cortical bone thickness decreases toward the inside of the mouth, with no significant differences among the sites except for M0 vs. M4. People with a particular jaw shape (hypo-divergent) have a thicker cortical bone, indicating that facial structure affects bone thickness. Conclusions: The posterior buccal step insertion site has biomechanical advantages and reduces the risk of damaging roots during mini-screw insertions.","PeriodicalId":19685,"journal":{"name":"Oral","volume":"68 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141045698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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