Pub Date : 2021-02-05DOI: 10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I1.8874
Cynthia Devina, Dissa Chandra Iswari, G. Goñi, Devi Kimberly Lirungan
The existence of hoaxes in Indonesia has been around for a long time. However, the term hoax was widespread and became part of daily conversations in the media and the public during the 2014 and 2019 Presidential Election. The rapid development of social media use and the ease of information exchange accelerated the spread of hoax. Even in the COVID-19 pandemic, hoax news about the corona virus and matters related to it are widespread in the community. This hoax news, both during the Election and the Covid-19 Outbreak, caused much unrest in the community. Some of the hoax news spreaders were jailed for violations of the ITE Law. Various legal practitioners and academics have also suggested that hoax news creators and spreaders be criminalized. This article reviews normatively whether the criminalization of hoax news is feasible for reasons of maintaining stability or needs to be eliminated to maintain freedom of opinion. The author reviews the normative aspects of criminalizing the creation and dissemination of hoax news by using Habermas' theory of deliberative democracy. Through this theory, the writer finds that hoax news makes aspects of democracy such as dialogue that is full of awareness and accurate information unattainable. This is also in line with what the Indonesian constitution wants. However, it is necessary to ensure that the criminalization of hoaxes is not used as an instrument of abuse of power considering that the circulation of hoaxes is a symptom of a problem rather than the root of the problem itself.Keywords: Fake News, Criminalization, Stability, Freedom of Speech, Deliberative Democracy, Legal Revuew
{"title":"Tinjauan Hukum Kriminalisasi Berita Hoax: Menjaga Persatuan vs. Kebebasan Berpendapat","authors":"Cynthia Devina, Dissa Chandra Iswari, G. Goñi, Devi Kimberly Lirungan","doi":"10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I1.8874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I1.8874","url":null,"abstract":"The existence of hoaxes in Indonesia has been around for a long time. However, the term hoax was widespread and became part of daily conversations in the media and the public during the 2014 and 2019 Presidential Election. The rapid development of social media use and the ease of information exchange accelerated the spread of hoax. Even in the COVID-19 pandemic, hoax news about the corona virus and matters related to it are widespread in the community. This hoax news, both during the Election and the Covid-19 Outbreak, caused much unrest in the community. Some of the hoax news spreaders were jailed for violations of the ITE Law. Various legal practitioners and academics have also suggested that hoax news creators and spreaders be criminalized. This article reviews normatively whether the criminalization of hoax news is feasible for reasons of maintaining stability or needs to be eliminated to maintain freedom of opinion. The author reviews the normative aspects of criminalizing the creation and dissemination of hoax news by using Habermas' theory of deliberative democracy. Through this theory, the writer finds that hoax news makes aspects of democracy such as dialogue that is full of awareness and accurate information unattainable. This is also in line with what the Indonesian constitution wants. However, it is necessary to ensure that the criminalization of hoaxes is not used as an instrument of abuse of power considering that the circulation of hoaxes is a symptom of a problem rather than the root of the problem itself.Keywords: Fake News, Criminalization, Stability, Freedom of Speech, Deliberative Democracy, Legal Revuew","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116190699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-05DOI: 10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I1.9407
P. Setyowati
A contract forms a private entity between the parties involved, herein each party has the legal rights to demand the implementation or fulfillment of all elements contained in the contract. However, such legal relationship through the contract does not always fulfil the expectation and purpose. This might occur because the involved parties have committed breach of contract / default. Such condition can occur and be done by both parties because of coercion, error, fraud, or force majeure. In a more specific context, there are several causes of force majeure. The current condition of global pandemic of covid-19, including in Indonesia, has affected the implementation of an ongoing contract between involved parties becomes disrupted, even can result in null or not fulfilled the goals in the contract. Therefore, it is important for contract parties to understand more deeply about force majeure in responding to the latest condition. This normative legal research is intended to find out how the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the force majeure clause of the contracts in Indonesia.Keywords: national disaster, covid-19, Indonesia, force majeure
{"title":"Akibat Hukum Pandemi Covid-19 sebagai Bencana Non Alam Medis dalam Menetapkan Force Majeure di Indonesia","authors":"P. Setyowati","doi":"10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I1.9407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I1.9407","url":null,"abstract":"A contract forms a private entity between the parties involved, herein each party has the legal rights to demand the implementation or fulfillment of all elements contained in the contract. However, such legal relationship through the contract does not always fulfil the expectation and purpose. This might occur because the involved parties have committed breach of contract / default. Such condition can occur and be done by both parties because of coercion, error, fraud, or force majeure. In a more specific context, there are several causes of force majeure. The current condition of global pandemic of covid-19, including in Indonesia, has affected the implementation of an ongoing contract between involved parties becomes disrupted, even can result in null or not fulfilled the goals in the contract. Therefore, it is important for contract parties to understand more deeply about force majeure in responding to the latest condition. This normative legal research is intended to find out how the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the force majeure clause of the contracts in Indonesia.Keywords: national disaster, covid-19, Indonesia, force majeure ","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134643198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-19DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v20i1.6991
Adhi Putra Satria
This study aims to provide knowledge about how to resolve village head election disputes in Indonesia after the issuance of Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. This research is qualitative research with a normative juridical approach. This research will focus on the discussion of how to resolve election disputes for Village Heads in Indonesia after the issuance of Law No. 6 of 2014, and how problems arise due to the settlement of disputes over the results of the Village Head election after the issuance of Law No. 6 of 2014. The results show that Law No. 6/2014 has mandated that the settlement of Village Head election disputes that are settled by the Regent / Mayor is no later than 30 days after the determination of the Village Head candidate elected by the Village Head election committee, however in its implementation there are still problems, these problems can be seen from not regulating changes and settling disputes over the results of the Village Head election. In addition, the problem with the authority given to the Regent / Mayor to resolve disputes over the results of the Village Head election is when the Regent / Mayor is a state institution that has the power of the state in the executive, not the judiciary, the Regent / Mayor is also a product of political parties, so that the authority is given It is feared that the authority to implement disputes over the results of the Village Head election will not be objective. The conclusion of this research is to form a special judicial institution for disputes over the results of village head elections.Keywords: Labor Social Security, Parking Attendants, Department of Transportation
{"title":"Analisis Penyelesaian Sengketa Pemilihan Kepala Desa di Indonesia","authors":"Adhi Putra Satria","doi":"10.30595/kosmikhukum.v20i1.6991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v20i1.6991","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to provide knowledge about how to resolve village head election disputes in Indonesia after the issuance of Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. This research is qualitative research with a normative juridical approach. This research will focus on the discussion of how to resolve election disputes for Village Heads in Indonesia after the issuance of Law No. 6 of 2014, and how problems arise due to the settlement of disputes over the results of the Village Head election after the issuance of Law No. 6 of 2014. The results show that Law No. 6/2014 has mandated that the settlement of Village Head election disputes that are settled by the Regent / Mayor is no later than 30 days after the determination of the Village Head candidate elected by the Village Head election committee, however in its implementation there are still problems, these problems can be seen from not regulating changes and settling disputes over the results of the Village Head election. In addition, the problem with the authority given to the Regent / Mayor to resolve disputes over the results of the Village Head election is when the Regent / Mayor is a state institution that has the power of the state in the executive, not the judiciary, the Regent / Mayor is also a product of political parties, so that the authority is given It is feared that the authority to implement disputes over the results of the Village Head election will not be objective. The conclusion of this research is to form a special judicial institution for disputes over the results of village head elections.Keywords: Labor Social Security, Parking Attendants, Department of Transportation","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133160974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-17DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v19i2.8217
Krisna Praditya Saputra, S. Wardani, Selamat Widodo
National Development in implementing social security is carried out in the framework of complete human development and to create a society that is prosperous, just, prosperous, and equitable, both physically and spiritually based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. This is regulated in Article 28H paragraph (3) which states that: "Every person has the right to social security which enables his complete development as a dignified human being." All workers should receive protection, both formal and informal, in this case, official parking attendants work for a living which is very vulnerable to the risk of work accidents. This research discusses how the implementation of the fulfillment of labor social security rights for official parking attendants in the Banyumas Regency and what are the obstacles in the fulfillment of the employment social security rights for official parking attendants in Banyumas Regency. The method used in this research, namely the normative juridical method, is carried out through a literature study which examines mainly secondary data in the form of laws and regulations, agreements/contracts, or other legal documents, as well as research results, assessment results, and other references. As for the implementation of the fulfillment of labor social security rights for official parking attendants in Banyumas Regency, namely the parking attendants' obligations to follow the BPJS Ketenagakerjaan so that social security is fulfilled for official parking attendants covered by the Transportation Agency. And what is an obstacle in the fulfillment of the employment social security rights for official parking attendants in Banyumas Regency is the low level of education which affects the level of awareness of workers in paying BPJS contributions, even though the Banyumas Regency Transportation Office requires every worker to participate in the social security program.Keywords: Labor Social Security, Parking Attendants, Department of Transportation
{"title":"Pelaksanaan Pemenuhan Jaminan Sosial Ketenagakerjaan Bagi Juru Parkir Resmi di Kabupaten Banyumas","authors":"Krisna Praditya Saputra, S. Wardani, Selamat Widodo","doi":"10.30595/kosmikhukum.v19i2.8217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v19i2.8217","url":null,"abstract":"National Development in implementing social security is carried out in the framework of complete human development and to create a society that is prosperous, just, prosperous, and equitable, both physically and spiritually based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. This is regulated in Article 28H paragraph (3) which states that: \"Every person has the right to social security which enables his complete development as a dignified human being.\" All workers should receive protection, both formal and informal, in this case, official parking attendants work for a living which is very vulnerable to the risk of work accidents. This research discusses how the implementation of the fulfillment of labor social security rights for official parking attendants in the Banyumas Regency and what are the obstacles in the fulfillment of the employment social security rights for official parking attendants in Banyumas Regency. The method used in this research, namely the normative juridical method, is carried out through a literature study which examines mainly secondary data in the form of laws and regulations, agreements/contracts, or other legal documents, as well as research results, assessment results, and other references. As for the implementation of the fulfillment of labor social security rights for official parking attendants in Banyumas Regency, namely the parking attendants' obligations to follow the BPJS Ketenagakerjaan so that social security is fulfilled for official parking attendants covered by the Transportation Agency. And what is an obstacle in the fulfillment of the employment social security rights for official parking attendants in Banyumas Regency is the low level of education which affects the level of awareness of workers in paying BPJS contributions, even though the Banyumas Regency Transportation Office requires every worker to participate in the social security program.Keywords: Labor Social Security, Parking Attendants, Department of Transportation","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123192062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-22DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v20i2.6449
Reza Hikmatulloh, Evy Nurmiati
Cybercrime can be defined as illegal activities with computer intermediaries that can be carried out through global electronic networks. In computer networks such as the internet, the problem of crime is becoming increasingly complex due to its wide scope. The purpose of this study is to see what strategies are suitable for preventing cybercrime actions via cell phones based on the ITE Law in Indonesia. The data analysis method used in this study is to use routine activity theory. Cohen and Felson's incidence that crime against crime is related to three variables, namely someone who is motivated, the target who is the target, and the absence of protection from the target (absence of a capable guard). The suggestion is that Gojek provides education about awareness in this fraud case. Gojek appeals to users on their social media to be more careful in trusting information. In addition, the government should not only give warnings to its users as a form of vigilance, but the government should be more optimal in giving more effort.Keywords: Cybercrime, ITE Law, Routine Activity Theory
{"title":"Analisis Strategi Pencegahan Cybercrime Berdasarkan UU ITE Di Indonesia (Studi Kasus: Penipuan Pelanggan Gojek)","authors":"Reza Hikmatulloh, Evy Nurmiati","doi":"10.30595/kosmikhukum.v20i2.6449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v20i2.6449","url":null,"abstract":"Cybercrime can be defined as illegal activities with computer intermediaries that can be carried out through global electronic networks. In computer networks such as the internet, the problem of crime is becoming increasingly complex due to its wide scope. The purpose of this study is to see what strategies are suitable for preventing cybercrime actions via cell phones based on the ITE Law in Indonesia. The data analysis method used in this study is to use routine activity theory. Cohen and Felson's incidence that crime against crime is related to three variables, namely someone who is motivated, the target who is the target, and the absence of protection from the target (absence of a capable guard). The suggestion is that Gojek provides education about awareness in this fraud case. Gojek appeals to users on their social media to be more careful in trusting information. In addition, the government should not only give warnings to its users as a form of vigilance, but the government should be more optimal in giving more effort.Keywords: Cybercrime, ITE Law, Routine Activity Theory","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130761398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Notary is a public official who has the authority to make authentic deeds and has other powers as referred to in this Law or based on other laws, as described in Article 1 number 1 of the Law on the Position of Notary Public. In carrying out his position, a Notary is required to act trustworthy, honest, thorough, independent, impartial, and safeguarding the interests of the parties concerned as well as making a Deed in the form of a Minute Deed. In addition, a Notary is required to issue a Grosse Akta, a Copy of the Deed, or a Quotation of the Deed based on the Minuta Deed. These matters are regulated in Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary Public. By looking at these provisions, it is fitting for a Notary to carry out his obligations. But in reality, you can still find Notaries who do not carry out the obligations as stipulated in the Law on Notary Position. Starting from negligence in maintaining the Minuta Akta to differences between the Deed of Copy and the Minuta Akta. Of course, the difference between the Deed of Copy and the Minuta of the Deed will give losses to the parties who entered into an agreement. Regarding the responsibilities of a Notary Public, in general, it can be reviewed on a civil, criminal basis, the Law on the Position of Notary Public, and the responsibility for carrying out his / her duties based on the Notary's code of ethics. By looking at this raises a problem regarding, "What is the responsibility of the Notary for the non-conformity of the Copy Deed with the Minuta Deed?". The method used in this research is a normative or juridical legal research method.Keywords: Notary, Deed, and Notary Responsibilities
{"title":"Tanggung Jawab Notaris terhadap Ketidaksesuaian Akta Salinan Dengan Minuta Akta","authors":"Yoefanca Halim, Fricky Sudewo, Tyas Fidelia","doi":"10.31289/jiph.v6i2.2962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31289/jiph.v6i2.2962","url":null,"abstract":"Notary is a public official who has the authority to make authentic deeds and has other powers as referred to in this Law or based on other laws, as described in Article 1 number 1 of the Law on the Position of Notary Public. In carrying out his position, a Notary is required to act trustworthy, honest, thorough, independent, impartial, and safeguarding the interests of the parties concerned as well as making a Deed in the form of a Minute Deed. In addition, a Notary is required to issue a Grosse Akta, a Copy of the Deed, or a Quotation of the Deed based on the Minuta Deed. These matters are regulated in Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary Public. By looking at these provisions, it is fitting for a Notary to carry out his obligations. But in reality, you can still find Notaries who do not carry out the obligations as stipulated in the Law on Notary Position. Starting from negligence in maintaining the Minuta Akta to differences between the Deed of Copy and the Minuta Akta. Of course, the difference between the Deed of Copy and the Minuta of the Deed will give losses to the parties who entered into an agreement. Regarding the responsibilities of a Notary Public, in general, it can be reviewed on a civil, criminal basis, the Law on the Position of Notary Public, and the responsibility for carrying out his / her duties based on the Notary's code of ethics. By looking at this raises a problem regarding, \"What is the responsibility of the Notary for the non-conformity of the Copy Deed with the Minuta Deed?\". The method used in this research is a normative or juridical legal research method.Keywords: Notary, Deed, and Notary Responsibilities","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125648547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Illegal trade in protected animals, including orangutans, is still rife in Indonesia, resulting in a decline in population from year to year. This study aims to analyze the legal protection of orangutans from illegal trade, based on Law Number 5 of 1990 concerning Conservation of Living Natural Resources and their Ecosystems and their inhibiting factors. The approach to the problem that will be used in this research is a normative juridical approach. The results of the study show that first, the number of orangutan populations has decreased due to illegal trade and there are several factors that hinder the protection of the orangutan population, such as logging, encroachment and road network expansion. The illegal trade in orangutans is something that must be considered because the punishment imposed on the perpetrators is still too light, with what they are doing. Therefore, the punishment and fines can be heavier so that the perpetrators are deterred. Stop forest hunting by tightening forest guarding and providing education about protected animals to the community. Likewise in protecting animals in the country of Indonesia.Keywords: protection, orangutans, illegal trade
{"title":"Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Orang Utan Dari Perdagangan Ilegal","authors":"Firman Bagus Prasetyo, Rahtami Susanti, Bayu Setiawan","doi":"10.30595/kosmikhukum.v19i2.8628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v19i2.8628","url":null,"abstract":"Illegal trade in protected animals, including orangutans, is still rife in Indonesia, resulting in a decline in population from year to year. This study aims to analyze the legal protection of orangutans from illegal trade, based on Law Number 5 of 1990 concerning Conservation of Living Natural Resources and their Ecosystems and their inhibiting factors. The approach to the problem that will be used in this research is a normative juridical approach. The results of the study show that first, the number of orangutan populations has decreased due to illegal trade and there are several factors that hinder the protection of the orangutan population, such as logging, encroachment and road network expansion. The illegal trade in orangutans is something that must be considered because the punishment imposed on the perpetrators is still too light, with what they are doing. Therefore, the punishment and fines can be heavier so that the perpetrators are deterred. Stop forest hunting by tightening forest guarding and providing education about protected animals to the community. Likewise in protecting animals in the country of Indonesia.Keywords: protection, orangutans, illegal trade","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125051684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-22DOI: 10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V19I1.4082
Yusma Dewi, Trisno Raharjo
Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis aspek hukum bahaya plastik terhadap kesehatan dan lingkungan serta solusinya. Sejalan dengan permasalahan penelitian ini, maka jenis penelitian hukum yang digunakan bersifat penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Penelitian ini akan menjadikan pengelolaan sampah di Kabupaten Sleman sebagai model. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Undang-undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2008 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah tidak secara jelas mengatur mengenai sampah plastik dan larangan untuk menghasilkan sampah plastik. Oleh karena itu Undang-undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2008 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah belum dapat mencegah penggunaan plastik yang dapat menimbulkan sampah plastik yang berbahaya bagi manusia dan lingkungan; (2) Sampai saat ini belum ada peraturan perundang-undangan yang melarang penggunaan plastik yang membahayakan bagi kesehatan manusia dan lingkungan; dan (3) Solusi belum diaturnya larangan penggunaan plastik yang membahayakan kesehatan dan lingkungan maka sampah plastik bisa digunakan sebagai bahan untuk membuat kerajinan seperti aneka jenis tas, dompet, topi tempat koran, map, dan sebagainya seperti yang telah dilakukan oleh masyarakat Desa Sukunan, Kabupaten Sleman selama ini. Kata kunci: Sampah, Plastik, Bahaya, Kesehatan, Lingkungan
{"title":"Aspek Hukum Bahaya Plastik Terhadap Kesehatan dan Lingkungan Serta Solusinya","authors":"Yusma Dewi, Trisno Raharjo","doi":"10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V19I1.4082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V19I1.4082","url":null,"abstract":"Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis aspek hukum bahaya plastik terhadap kesehatan dan lingkungan serta solusinya. Sejalan dengan permasalahan penelitian ini, maka jenis penelitian hukum yang digunakan bersifat penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Penelitian ini akan menjadikan pengelolaan sampah di Kabupaten Sleman sebagai model. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Undang-undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2008 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah tidak secara jelas mengatur mengenai sampah plastik dan larangan untuk menghasilkan sampah plastik. Oleh karena itu Undang-undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2008 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah belum dapat mencegah penggunaan plastik yang dapat menimbulkan sampah plastik yang berbahaya bagi manusia dan lingkungan; (2) Sampai saat ini belum ada peraturan perundang-undangan yang melarang penggunaan plastik yang membahayakan bagi kesehatan manusia dan lingkungan; dan (3) Solusi belum diaturnya larangan penggunaan plastik yang membahayakan kesehatan dan lingkungan maka sampah plastik bisa digunakan sebagai bahan untuk membuat kerajinan seperti aneka jenis tas, dompet, topi tempat koran, map, dan sebagainya seperti yang telah dilakukan oleh masyarakat Desa Sukunan, Kabupaten Sleman selama ini. Kata kunci: Sampah, Plastik, Bahaya, Kesehatan, Lingkungan","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125079197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-22DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v19i1.4083
Soediro Soediro
Sebagaimana tujuan awal pidana yaitu untuk melindungi masyarakat dari tindak pidana, sistem peradilan pidana dibangun untuk menanggulangi masalah kejahatan agar tidak menggangu stabilitas masyarakat. Dengan melihat sistem hukum yang berlaku di negara lain merupakan upaya positif untuk memperbandingkannya dengan sistem hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia. Berdasarkan analisis diperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat perbedaan mendasar dari sistem peradilan pidana di Amerika Serikat dengan di Indonesia yang bersumber dari perbedaan sistem hukum common law dan civil law. Sedangkan pada segi teknis, terdapat perbedaan dari model hukum acara pidana yang berlaku di Amerika Serikat dengan di Indonesia. Selain itu, dari struktur hukum yang ada juga terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara Amerika Serikat dengan Indonesia. Kata kunci: Sistem Peradilan Pidana, Due Process Model, Crime Process Model
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Pub Date : 2019-02-22DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v19i1.4086
Amelia Arief
Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tentang penjatuhan hukuman pidana mati dalam kaitannya dengan Hak Asasi Manusia dan hukum Pidana. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan penelitian hukum yuridis-normatif, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pertama, masalah hukuman mati, terdapat berbagai pandangan dari pemikiran para ahli hukum. Kedua, Hukuman mati dalam pandangan Hak Asasi Manusia yang ada dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia, dan Undang-undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia berusaha mengadopsi piagam Hak Asasi Manusia Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa untuk menghapuskan hukuman mati. Ketiga, dalam Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana dan beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia, ancaman pidana mati masih tetap dipertahankan, walaupun mendapat kritikan dari para aktifis Hak Asasi Manusia, karena itu dalam Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana yang baru ada semacam kompromi (penal policy), dengan menjadikan hukuman mati bukan sebagai pidana pokok tetapi sebagai pidana altematif yang diperlakukan hanya bagi kejahatan luar biasa. Kata kunci: Hukuman Mati, Hak Asasi Manusia, Hukum Pidana
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