Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.14097
Tri Septyanto, Dewi Susilowati
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the economy, and the banking industry is no exception. The impact of the pandemic on the banking industry, namely the decline in bank health. Various efforts have been made by the government to revive the banking industry, one of which is the issuance of OJK regulation Number 11/PJOK.03/2020 concerning "National Economic Stimulus as a Countercyclical Policy for the Impact of the 2019 Covid Spread". This study aims to compare the ratio of non-performing loans/financing (NPL/NPF) and banking profitability in Indonesia before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of the new normal. The object of this research is the banking industry, both conventional and sharia in Indonesia, with an observation period of 12 months from November 2019-November 2020. The sampling method uses purposive sampling, namely sampling according to the research objectives, and produces a sample of 38 conventional banking and 33 Islamic banking. The method of analysis used paired sample t-test. The results of the analysis show that: 1) there are significant differences in non-performing loans (NPL) before and after the covid 19 pandemic for conventional banking but for Islamic banking there is no significant difference. 2) There is no significant difference in the profitability of conventional banks before and after the pandemic or the implementation of the new normal. 3) there is no significant difference in NPL/NPF after the Covid 19 pandemic and after the implementation of the new normal. The results of this study provide empirical evidence that banking restructuring policies in Indonesia to anticipate the impact of COVID-19 have not run optimally.Keywords: comparison, performance, non-performing financing, profitability, banking
{"title":"Dampak Pandemi Covid dan Penerapan New Normal pada Kredit Bermasalah dan Profitabilitas Perbankan Di Indonesia","authors":"Tri Septyanto, Dewi Susilowati","doi":"10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.14097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.14097","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the economy, and the banking industry is no exception. The impact of the pandemic on the banking industry, namely the decline in bank health. Various efforts have been made by the government to revive the banking industry, one of which is the issuance of OJK regulation Number 11/PJOK.03/2020 concerning \"National Economic Stimulus as a Countercyclical Policy for the Impact of the 2019 Covid Spread\". This study aims to compare the ratio of non-performing loans/financing (NPL/NPF) and banking profitability in Indonesia before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of the new normal. The object of this research is the banking industry, both conventional and sharia in Indonesia, with an observation period of 12 months from November 2019-November 2020. The sampling method uses purposive sampling, namely sampling according to the research objectives, and produces a sample of 38 conventional banking and 33 Islamic banking. The method of analysis used paired sample t-test. The results of the analysis show that: 1) there are significant differences in non-performing loans (NPL) before and after the covid 19 pandemic for conventional banking but for Islamic banking there is no significant difference. 2) There is no significant difference in the profitability of conventional banks before and after the pandemic or the implementation of the new normal. 3) there is no significant difference in NPL/NPF after the Covid 19 pandemic and after the implementation of the new normal. The results of this study provide empirical evidence that banking restructuring policies in Indonesia to anticipate the impact of COVID-19 have not run optimally.Keywords: comparison, performance, non-performing financing, profitability, banking","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123962332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.13349
M. Taufik, Bha'iq Roza Rakhmatullah
The Tegal Regency Government under the leadership of Mrs. Umi Azizah created a program to be able to help overcome unemployment, especially among youth in Tegal Regency, by issuing a policy in the form of Regent Regulation Number 6 of 2019 concerning Facilitation of Entrepreneurship Growth and Development for Youth in Tegal Regency. This research is normative juridical research on issues relating to laws and other accompanying regulations regarding youth and entrepreneurship, this study aims to determine the implementation of the Tegal regent's regulation number 6 of 2019 concerning the facilitation of the growth and development of entrepreneurship. in this study using qualitative data analysis methods, namely normative juridical presented descriptively. Regent Regulation number 6 of 2019 made the main strategy, namely the commitment of Tegal Regency to improve the ranking of all indicators in youth and entrepreneurial policies in a better direction, structural improvements for all indicators, increasing independent entrepreneurs who can contribute to the community and the Tegal Regency Regional Government.Keywords: Implementation, Entrepreneurship, Economy of Tegal Regency.
{"title":"Implementasi Peraturan Bupati Tegal Nomor 6 Tahun 2019 Tentang Fasilitasi Penumbuhan dan Pengembangan Kewirausahaan di Kabupaten Tegal","authors":"M. Taufik, Bha'iq Roza Rakhmatullah","doi":"10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.13349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.13349","url":null,"abstract":"The Tegal Regency Government under the leadership of Mrs. Umi Azizah created a program to be able to help overcome unemployment, especially among youth in Tegal Regency, by issuing a policy in the form of Regent Regulation Number 6 of 2019 concerning Facilitation of Entrepreneurship Growth and Development for Youth in Tegal Regency. This research is normative juridical research on issues relating to laws and other accompanying regulations regarding youth and entrepreneurship, this study aims to determine the implementation of the Tegal regent's regulation number 6 of 2019 concerning the facilitation of the growth and development of entrepreneurship. in this study using qualitative data analysis methods, namely normative juridical presented descriptively. Regent Regulation number 6 of 2019 made the main strategy, namely the commitment of Tegal Regency to improve the ranking of all indicators in youth and entrepreneurial policies in a better direction, structural improvements for all indicators, increasing independent entrepreneurs who can contribute to the community and the Tegal Regency Regional Government.Keywords: Implementation, Entrepreneurship, Economy of Tegal Regency. ","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134022850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.13260
Tenang Haryanto, Sri Hartini, Muhammad Toufik, Krisnhoe Kartika
The organizational structure of the MPR based on the amendments to the 1945 Constitution consists of members of the DPR and members of the DPD. Membership of the MPR is similar to the membership of Congress in the United States, which consists of the House of Representatives (lower house) and the Senate (high house). The authority of the MPR after the amendment of Article 3 of the Constitution of the MPR is no longer the highest state institution, but is a state institution whose position is equal to other state institutions. The purpose of this paper is to examine the changes in the organizational structure and authority of the People's Consultative Assembly after the amendment to the 1945 Constitution and what are the implications for changes in the organizational structure and authority of the MPR after the amendment. This research uses a statue approach. Data sourced from primary and secondary legal materials were analyzed using qualitative normative analysis methods. The results of the study found that after the amendment to the 1945 Constitution, the concept of the MPR as the holder of people's sovereignty was abolished. The MPR no longer holds the highest power in the state administration system in Indonesia. The implications of changes after the amendment to the Constitution, the role of the MPR is only limited to carrying out the task of socializing the results of the amendments to the 1945 Constitution and inaugurating the President and Vice President.Keywords: Organizational structure, Authority, MPR
{"title":"Perubahan dan Implikasi Susunan Organisasi dan Kewenangan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Setelah Amandemen UUD 1945","authors":"Tenang Haryanto, Sri Hartini, Muhammad Toufik, Krisnhoe Kartika","doi":"10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.13260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.13260","url":null,"abstract":"The organizational structure of the MPR based on the amendments to the 1945 Constitution consists of members of the DPR and members of the DPD. Membership of the MPR is similar to the membership of Congress in the United States, which consists of the House of Representatives (lower house) and the Senate (high house). The authority of the MPR after the amendment of Article 3 of the Constitution of the MPR is no longer the highest state institution, but is a state institution whose position is equal to other state institutions. The purpose of this paper is to examine the changes in the organizational structure and authority of the People's Consultative Assembly after the amendment to the 1945 Constitution and what are the implications for changes in the organizational structure and authority of the MPR after the amendment. This research uses a statue approach. Data sourced from primary and secondary legal materials were analyzed using qualitative normative analysis methods. The results of the study found that after the amendment to the 1945 Constitution, the concept of the MPR as the holder of people's sovereignty was abolished. The MPR no longer holds the highest power in the state administration system in Indonesia. The implications of changes after the amendment to the Constitution, the role of the MPR is only limited to carrying out the task of socializing the results of the amendments to the 1945 Constitution and inaugurating the President and Vice President.Keywords: Organizational structure, Authority, MPR","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114749461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.14140
Sapto Hermawan, Gatot Isnawanjati Budi Abiyudo
Following the We Are Social publication, the percentage of social media users in Indonesia in 2022 will be almost 90% of the total population of Indonesia. In a simple illustration, this factual condition has great potential and strength. However, the Government has not widely utilized the potential for social media in formulating and implementing policies, especially policies related to protecting and preserving the environment. This article aims to describe the relationship between social media platforms and their optimization to reduce marine plastic litter and the problems accompanying it. The research method used is socio-legal, which combines dogmatic research with empirical research through a theoretical critique approach. The results show that social media implementation has a positive impact, directly increasing awareness of the community's ability to fight for environmental protection and governance, especially efforts to combat the marine plastic issue. However, some significant difficulties are still visible; therefore, a proactive role is needed for the Government to optimize the use of social media in supporting efforts to preserve the environment, especially in campaigning for the reduction of marine plastic litter.Keywords: environmental protection, social media, marine plastic litter
根据《We Are Social》的发布，到2022年，印尼社交媒体用户的比例将接近印尼总人口的90%。简单地说，这一事实条件具有巨大的潜力和力量。然而，政府在制定和执行政策，特别是与保护和保存环境有关的政策方面，并没有广泛利用社会媒体的潜力。本文旨在描述社交媒体平台与其优化减少海洋塑料垃圾之间的关系以及随之而来的问题。采用的研究方法是社会法学，通过理论批判的方法将教条研究与实证研究相结合。结果表明，社交媒体的实施具有积极的影响，直接提高了社区对环境保护和治理能力的认识，特别是应对海洋塑料问题的努力。但是，仍然可以看到一些重大困难;因此，政府需要发挥积极主动的作用，优化利用社交媒体来支持保护环境的努力，特别是在减少海洋塑料垃圾的运动中。关键词:环境保护，社交媒体，海洋塑料垃圾
{"title":"Potensi Penggunaan Platform Sosial Media Guna Mengurangi Sampah Plastik di Lautan Indonesia","authors":"Sapto Hermawan, Gatot Isnawanjati Budi Abiyudo","doi":"10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.14140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.14140","url":null,"abstract":"Following the We Are Social publication, the percentage of social media users in Indonesia in 2022 will be almost 90% of the total population of Indonesia. In a simple illustration, this factual condition has great potential and strength. However, the Government has not widely utilized the potential for social media in formulating and implementing policies, especially policies related to protecting and preserving the environment. This article aims to describe the relationship between social media platforms and their optimization to reduce marine plastic litter and the problems accompanying it. The research method used is socio-legal, which combines dogmatic research with empirical research through a theoretical critique approach. The results show that social media implementation has a positive impact, directly increasing awareness of the community's ability to fight for environmental protection and governance, especially efforts to combat the marine plastic issue. However, some significant difficulties are still visible; therefore, a proactive role is needed for the Government to optimize the use of social media in supporting efforts to preserve the environment, especially in campaigning for the reduction of marine plastic litter.Keywords: environmental protection, social media, marine plastic litter","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116815659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-10DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i1.12619
S. Wardani, Selamat Widodo
AbstractThe purpose of this study is to analyze the appropriate employment policies for companies in overcoming the problems of workers who have been laid off or laid off due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Banyumas Regency. This research method is descriptive with a normative juridical research approach, known as a literature approach, and an empirical juridical process is carried out by looking at the reality in practice in the field analyzed qualitatively. The results show that the right employment policy for companies in overcoming the problems of workers who are laid off due to the Covid-19 pandemic refers to the provisions of Article 151 paragraph (2) of Law No. 13 of 2003, namely that layoffs must be negotiated by employers and trade unions. If it does not result in an agreement, the entrepreneur can only carry out a discharge after determining the industrial relations dispute settlement institution. For laid-off workers, refer to Item f of the Circular of the Minister of Manpower No. SE-907/MEN/PHI-PPHI/X/2004. The government, companies, took steps, and labor unions in dealing with laid-off workers, especially in the tourism, entertainment, hotel, restaurant, and industrial sectors, firstly, bipartite or tripartite negotiations to make agreements such as work systems, wages, safety In terms of work and working time, the Manpower Office and MSMEs have held various skills training activities, and provided tax relief incentives for entrepreneurs, relaxation of bank credit, and social incentives for laid-off workers.Keywords: Employment Policy, Termination of Employment, Layoff.AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kebijakan ketenagakerjaan yang tepat bagi perusahaan dalam mengatasi permasalahan pekerja yang di PHK atau dirumahkan akibat pandemi covid 19 di Kabupaten Banyumas. Metode Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan penelitian yuridis normatif atau dikenal dengan pendekatan kepustakaan dan pendekatan yuridis empiris yang dilakukan dengan melihat kenyataan yang ada dalam praktik di lapangan yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan yang Tepat Bagi Perusahaan Dalam Mengatasi Permasalahan Pekerja yang di PHK ataupun “Dirumahkan” Akibat Pandemi Covid 19 merujuk pada ketentuan Pasal 151 ayat (2) UU No 13 Tahun 2003 yakni PHK wajib dirundingkan oleh pengusaha dan serikat pekerja/pekerja. Apabila tidak menghasilkan persetujuan, pengusaha hanya dapat melakukan PHK setelah memperolah penetapan dari lembaga penyelesaian perselisihan hubungan industrial. Untuk pekerja yang dirumahkan merujuk pada Butir f Surat Edaran Menaker No. SE-907/MEN/PHI-PPHI/X/2004. Langkah-langkah yang Dilakukan Pemerintah , Perusahaan dan Serikat Pekerja dalam mengatasi pekerja yang di PHK/dirumahkan terutama di sektor pariwisata, hiburan, hotel, rumah makan, dan industri, pertama perundingan baik bipartit atau tripartit untuk melakukan kesepakatan seperti sistem kerj
摘要本研究的目的是分析Banyumas Regency因COVID-19大流行而被解雇或被解雇的工人的企业克服问题的适当就业政策。这种研究方法是描述性的，采用规范性的法律研究方法，称为文献法，并通过在定性分析的领域中观察实践中的现实来进行实证司法过程。结果表明，企业克服因新冠肺炎大流行而被解雇的工人问题的正确雇用政策参考了2003年第13号法律第151条第(2)款的规定，即裁员必须由雇主和工会协商。如果没有达成协议，企业家只能在确定劳资关系纠纷解决机构后进行解除。下岗职工，参照人力资源部长通告第(六)号。se - 907 /人/ PHI-PPHI / X / 2004。政府、企业和工会采取措施处理下岗工人，特别是在旅游、娱乐、酒店、餐饮和工业领域，首先是通过两方或三方谈判达成工作制度、工资、安全等协议。在工作和工作时间方面，人力厅和中小微企业举行了各种技能培训活动，并为企业家提供税收减免奖励，放宽银行信贷，以及对下岗工人的社会激励。关键词:就业政策，终止雇佣关系，裁员[摘要][摘要][中文摘要][中文摘要][中文摘要][中文摘要][中文摘要][中文摘要][中文摘要][中文摘要][中文摘要][中文摘要][中文摘要][中文][中文][中文][中文][中文][中文][中文]。方法penpentitian是一种基础分析，描述了penpentitian和penpentitian的关系，描述了penpentitian和penpentitian的关系，描述了penpentitian和penpentitian的关系，描述了penpentitian和penpentitian的关系，描述了penpentitian的关系。Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan yang Tepat Bagi Perusahaan Dalam Mengatasi Permasalahan Pekerja yang di PHK ataupun " Dirumahkan " Akibat大流行Covid - 19 merujuk paada kettuuan Pasal 151 (2) UU No . 13 Tahun 2003 yakni PHK wajib dirundingkan oleh pengusaha dan serikat Pekerja / Pekerja。Apabila tidak menghasilkan persetujuan, pengusaha hanya dapat melakukan PHK setelah memperolah penetapan dari lembaga penyelesaian perselisihan hubungan industrial。Untuk pekerja yang dirumahkan merujuk pada Butir, Surat Edaran Menaker No。se - 907 /人/ PHI-PPHI / X / 2004。槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城-槟城银行信贷，银行信贷，银行信贷，银行信贷，银行信贷，银行信贷，银行信贷，银行信贷。Kata kunci: Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan, Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja, Dirumahkan
{"title":"Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan yang Tepat bagi Perusahaan Terhadap Pekerja yang Di-PHK Atau Dirumahkan Akibat Pandemi Covid-19 di Kabupaten Banyumas","authors":"S. Wardani, Selamat Widodo","doi":"10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i1.12619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i1.12619","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe purpose of this study is to analyze the appropriate employment policies for companies in overcoming the problems of workers who have been laid off or laid off due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Banyumas Regency. This research method is descriptive with a normative juridical research approach, known as a literature approach, and an empirical juridical process is carried out by looking at the reality in practice in the field analyzed qualitatively. The results show that the right employment policy for companies in overcoming the problems of workers who are laid off due to the Covid-19 pandemic refers to the provisions of Article 151 paragraph (2) of Law No. 13 of 2003, namely that layoffs must be negotiated by employers and trade unions. If it does not result in an agreement, the entrepreneur can only carry out a discharge after determining the industrial relations dispute settlement institution. For laid-off workers, refer to Item f of the Circular of the Minister of Manpower No. SE-907/MEN/PHI-PPHI/X/2004. The government, companies, took steps, and labor unions in dealing with laid-off workers, especially in the tourism, entertainment, hotel, restaurant, and industrial sectors, firstly, bipartite or tripartite negotiations to make agreements such as work systems, wages, safety In terms of work and working time, the Manpower Office and MSMEs have held various skills training activities, and provided tax relief incentives for entrepreneurs, relaxation of bank credit, and social incentives for laid-off workers.Keywords: Employment Policy, Termination of Employment, Layoff.AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kebijakan ketenagakerjaan yang tepat bagi perusahaan dalam mengatasi permasalahan pekerja yang di PHK atau dirumahkan akibat pandemi covid 19 di Kabupaten Banyumas. Metode Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan penelitian yuridis normatif atau dikenal dengan pendekatan kepustakaan dan pendekatan yuridis empiris yang dilakukan dengan melihat kenyataan yang ada dalam praktik di lapangan yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan yang Tepat Bagi Perusahaan Dalam Mengatasi Permasalahan Pekerja yang di PHK ataupun “Dirumahkan” Akibat Pandemi Covid 19 merujuk pada ketentuan Pasal 151 ayat (2) UU No 13 Tahun 2003 yakni PHK wajib dirundingkan oleh pengusaha dan serikat pekerja/pekerja. Apabila tidak menghasilkan persetujuan, pengusaha hanya dapat melakukan PHK setelah memperolah penetapan dari lembaga penyelesaian perselisihan hubungan industrial. Untuk pekerja yang dirumahkan merujuk pada Butir f Surat Edaran Menaker No. SE-907/MEN/PHI-PPHI/X/2004. Langkah-langkah yang Dilakukan Pemerintah , Perusahaan dan Serikat Pekerja dalam mengatasi pekerja yang di PHK/dirumahkan terutama di sektor pariwisata, hiburan, hotel, rumah makan, dan industri, pertama perundingan baik bipartit atau tripartit untuk melakukan kesepakatan seperti sistem kerj","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131166824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.12029
Y. Saefudin, Gamalel Rifqi Samhudi
Cases of drugs abuse and illicit trafficking continue to rise along with the increasing number of addicts and abusers of narcotics. Addicts and Victims of Narcotics Abuse are often in a dilemma between the perpetrator or victim. Assessment integrated can clarify their position. The problems studied in this research is about how the concept of assessment integrated into the case of criminal acts of narcotics and how the mechanism of placement of victims of abuse of narcotics into institutions of rehabilitation. This research is a juridical-sociological, designed using survey method, observation, interview and literature study. The Data obtained were collected and analyzed qualitatively with the model of descriptive-analytical. Based on the results of research, assessment integrated designed to distinguish between addicts and victims of narcotics abuse with a drug dealer/courier narcotics. Assessment integrated to produce recommendations that contain a description of the involvement of the suspect with a network of illicit narcotics, the level of dependence on narcotics and a plan of rehabilitation of addicts and victims of narcotics abuse. Of the 15 cases studied, there were 8 cases of drug abuse and only 1 of 8 such cases that boil down to rehabilitation. The assessment integrated a mechanism that is able to avoid the victims of the abuse of narcotics from the threat of imprisonment. Avoiding the victims of drug abuse from a criminal to prison is expected to break the chain of problems of drug abuse and illicit trafficking. It can be realized through a pattern of different handling between the addict/abuser with a drug dealer/courier narcoticsKeywords: Integrated Assessment, the Narcotics Crime, the Victims of Drug Abuse
{"title":"Mencegah Second Victimization Melalui Asesmen Terpadu bagi Korban Penyalahgunaan Narkotika di Kabupaten Banyumas","authors":"Y. Saefudin, Gamalel Rifqi Samhudi","doi":"10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.12029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.12029","url":null,"abstract":"Cases of drugs abuse and illicit trafficking continue to rise along with the increasing number of addicts and abusers of narcotics. Addicts and Victims of Narcotics Abuse are often in a dilemma between the perpetrator or victim. Assessment integrated can clarify their position. The problems studied in this research is about how the concept of assessment integrated into the case of criminal acts of narcotics and how the mechanism of placement of victims of abuse of narcotics into institutions of rehabilitation. This research is a juridical-sociological, designed using survey method, observation, interview and literature study. The Data obtained were collected and analyzed qualitatively with the model of descriptive-analytical. Based on the results of research, assessment integrated designed to distinguish between addicts and victims of narcotics abuse with a drug dealer/courier narcotics. Assessment integrated to produce recommendations that contain a description of the involvement of the suspect with a network of illicit narcotics, the level of dependence on narcotics and a plan of rehabilitation of addicts and victims of narcotics abuse. Of the 15 cases studied, there were 8 cases of drug abuse and only 1 of 8 such cases that boil down to rehabilitation. The assessment integrated a mechanism that is able to avoid the victims of the abuse of narcotics from the threat of imprisonment. Avoiding the victims of drug abuse from a criminal to prison is expected to break the chain of problems of drug abuse and illicit trafficking. It can be realized through a pattern of different handling between the addict/abuser with a drug dealer/courier narcoticsKeywords: Integrated Assessment, the Narcotics Crime, the Victims of Drug Abuse ","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124819249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.10613
Aryuni Yuliantiningsih
Cyberwarfare is a warfare with information technology that has developed. It has not been regulated in humanitarian law. Cyber attacks have been carried out by several countries by ignoring the Just War Theory. This article aims to analyze the implementation of the Just War theory in cyber warfare according to international humanitarian law in the case of conflict between the Russian and Georgia in 2008. The research method use the normative juridical and using secondary data sources. Qualitative data using deductive conclusion method. Based on the research results, it is known that the just war theory including jus ad bellum, jus in bello and jus post bellum is not applied in cyberwarfare. The Russian’s cyber attack against Georgia violates the distiction principle , the principle of proportionality and the principles of proportionality. The losses incurred as a result of cyberattacks are not compensated by Russia.Keywords: just war, cyber attack, Russia, Humanitarian law.
{"title":"Analisis Doktrin Perang Yang Adil (Just War ) dalam Kasus Serangan Siber Rusia Terhadap Georgia Tahun 2008","authors":"Aryuni Yuliantiningsih","doi":"10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.10613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.10613","url":null,"abstract":"Cyberwarfare is a warfare with information technology that has developed. It has not been regulated in humanitarian law. Cyber attacks have been carried out by several countries by ignoring the Just War Theory. This article aims to analyze the implementation of the Just War theory in cyber warfare according to international humanitarian law in the case of conflict between the Russian and Georgia in 2008. The research method use the normative juridical and using secondary data sources. Qualitative data using deductive conclusion method. Based on the research results, it is known that the just war theory including jus ad bellum, jus in bello and jus post bellum is not applied in cyberwarfare. The Russian’s cyber attack against Georgia violates the distiction principle , the principle of proportionality and the principles of proportionality. The losses incurred as a result of cyberattacks are not compensated by Russia.Keywords: just war, cyber attack, Russia, Humanitarian law.","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134375857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.12047
R. Putri, Idris Idris, R. Catur, Immamulhadi Immamulhadi
Nowadays marine pollution become a serious problem in the world espesially in Indonesia. Marine scientists have found harmful impact of marine pollution to marine environment, ecosystem and humans, there-quarter of all marine debris is plastic, a persistent and potentially hazardous pollutan. Plastic can be chemically harmful to wildlife, either because themselves potentially toxic or other toxic pollutan, the situation become worse when it come to marrine pollution caused by micro plastic, micro plastic is very dangerous for the ecosystem and the human in the world. Public awaarness to participate in maintaining the marine environment is decreasing day by day. Some people do not realise that microplastic are so danger to marine environment because most plastics in the ocean break up into very small particles, plastic is one of the kind of marine debris and it can come in all shapes and size, but those that are less than five millimeter in length. Indonesia is the second-biggest-contributor to ocean after China, with some estimates suggesting it is source of about 10% of global plastic pollution, if this problem can not be solved, there could be more plastic than fish in the ocean. Unfortunetly up to present we do not have any effective methode to clean up the ocean, the only thing that we can do is reduce the use of plastic in daily life. Marine pollution is become global problem so that is why we need some strategies to solved this problem, based on internatinal frame work Indonesia and others contries should do cooperation with others country and based on national legal frame works government should make special regulation to protect marine environment. Pollution from land-based sources, either direcly by urban or argiculuture discharger or indirecly through water. Keyword: Marrine, Pollution, ASEAN
{"title":"Strategies to Overcome Marine Pollution Caused by Plastic Waste to Protect Marine Environment in Indonesia","authors":"R. Putri, Idris Idris, R. Catur, Immamulhadi Immamulhadi","doi":"10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.12047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.12047","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays marine pollution become a serious problem in the world espesially in Indonesia. Marine scientists have found harmful impact of marine pollution to marine environment, ecosystem and humans, there-quarter of all marine debris is plastic, a persistent and potentially hazardous pollutan. Plastic can be chemically harmful to wildlife, either because themselves potentially toxic or other toxic pollutan, the situation become worse when it come to marrine pollution caused by micro plastic, micro plastic is very dangerous for the ecosystem and the human in the world. Public awaarness to participate in maintaining the marine environment is decreasing day by day. Some people do not realise that microplastic are so danger to marine environment because most plastics in the ocean break up into very small particles, plastic is one of the kind of marine debris and it can come in all shapes and size, but those that are less than five millimeter in length. Indonesia is the second-biggest-contributor to ocean after China, with some estimates suggesting it is source of about 10% of global plastic pollution, if this problem can not be solved, there could be more plastic than fish in the ocean. Unfortunetly up to present we do not have any effective methode to clean up the ocean, the only thing that we can do is reduce the use of plastic in daily life. Marine pollution is become global problem so that is why we need some strategies to solved this problem, based on internatinal frame work Indonesia and others contries should do cooperation with others country and based on national legal frame works government should make special regulation to protect marine environment. Pollution from land-based sources, either direcly by urban or argiculuture discharger or indirecly through water. Keyword: Marrine, Pollution, ASEAN","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116323821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.9175
Mustika Prabaningrum Kusumawati, Ahmad Khairun Hamrany, Ariyati Rahman
The development of digital technology in the industrial era 4.0 distorts tax cuts and collections in the e-commerce marketplace. This study provides an overview of conditions in the field of compliance and voluntary intentions of e-commerce marketplace platform providers and individuals and / or entities to register as PPN PMSE taxpayers and tax collectors. In addition, it can also find out a review of the juridical aspects of the applicable regulations if the taxpayer provides the domestic e-commerce marketplace platform application if it is determined as a PMSE VAT Collector. The method used is qualitative research using an ethnographic approach which is considered appropriate for social science research based on questionnaire data, interviews and other documentary data. The level of compliance of companies providing the e-commerce marketplace platform is divided 1) the level of compliance based on deductions, deposits and reporting related to corporate tax itself where there is an attempt to comply as a form of obligation of the taxpayer. 2) the level of compliance based on the voluntary intention to register to be appointed as a PPN PMSE collector, which is still very low. In the juridical aspect, it is only found that the additional obligation lies in the collection of PPN PMSE on intangible Taxable Goods or Taxable Services from outside the Customs area whose transactions are carried out within the Customs area.Keywords: Compliance; e-commerce marketplace; PPN; PMSE; Taxpayer
{"title":"Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Penyedia Platform Marketplace E-Commerce Sebagai Pemungut Pajak Pertambahan Nilai Perdagangan Melalui Sistem Elektronik","authors":"Mustika Prabaningrum Kusumawati, Ahmad Khairun Hamrany, Ariyati Rahman","doi":"10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.9175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.9175","url":null,"abstract":"The development of digital technology in the industrial era 4.0 distorts tax cuts and collections in the e-commerce marketplace. This study provides an overview of conditions in the field of compliance and voluntary intentions of e-commerce marketplace platform providers and individuals and / or entities to register as PPN PMSE taxpayers and tax collectors. In addition, it can also find out a review of the juridical aspects of the applicable regulations if the taxpayer provides the domestic e-commerce marketplace platform application if it is determined as a PMSE VAT Collector. The method used is qualitative research using an ethnographic approach which is considered appropriate for social science research based on questionnaire data, interviews and other documentary data. The level of compliance of companies providing the e-commerce marketplace platform is divided 1) the level of compliance based on deductions, deposits and reporting related to corporate tax itself where there is an attempt to comply as a form of obligation of the taxpayer. 2) the level of compliance based on the voluntary intention to register to be appointed as a PPN PMSE collector, which is still very low. In the juridical aspect, it is only found that the additional obligation lies in the collection of PPN PMSE on intangible Taxable Goods or Taxable Services from outside the Customs area whose transactions are carried out within the Customs area.Keywords: Compliance; e-commerce marketplace; PPN; PMSE; Taxpayer","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123967208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.11255
Nany Suryawati, Wahyu Krisnanto
Sistem religi dan upacara keagamaan merupakan salah satu unsur keberagaman masyarakat Indonesia, sebagai bagian dari konfigurasi kultural yang terfokus pada nilai dan norma religious yang mempengaruhi perilaku dalam pelaksanaan upacara keagamaan. Perbedaan budaya inilah yang terintegrasi dalam Bhinneka Tunggal Ika dan dijamin dalam Pasal 28E ayat (1) dan Pasal 29 ayat (2) UUD NRI 1945. Hal ini menegaskan bahwa Negara Indonesia dengan sistem hukumnya, telah memberikan kemerdekaan kepada setiap warga negaranya untuk beribadat dengan menggunakan tata cara sesuai dengan budaya masing-masing daerah. Konsep ‘Ketuhanan’ dari Sila pertama Pancasila, adalah konsep ‘Ketuhanan yang Berkebudayaan ‘bukan ‘keagamaan yang institusional’. Konsep ‘Ketuhanan yang Berkebudayaan’ ini memiliki keterbukaan dan penerimaan terhadap cita rasa religius yang plural, menyebar dan hidup di hati masyarakat Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian sosio-legal, data dikumpulkan dari tiap agama dan kepercayaan yang hidup dalam masyarakat Indonesia. Proses Sosial dalam struktur sosial termasuk perubahan sosial merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku dalam berbagai segi kehidupan bersama, khususnya keagamaan. Perlu adanya kesadaran akan keragaman budaya yang melengkapi dinamika dalam norma religius, sehingga terwujudlah keserasian dalam kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia yang heterogen, melalui inkulturisasi keagamaan dan kepercayaan di Indonesia.
{"title":"Perlindungan Hukum Inkulturisasi Keagamaan dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional","authors":"Nany Suryawati, Wahyu Krisnanto","doi":"10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.11255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30595/KOSMIKHUKUM.V21I3.11255","url":null,"abstract":"Sistem religi dan upacara keagamaan merupakan salah satu unsur keberagaman masyarakat Indonesia, sebagai bagian dari konfigurasi kultural yang terfokus pada nilai dan norma religious yang mempengaruhi perilaku dalam pelaksanaan upacara keagamaan. Perbedaan budaya inilah yang terintegrasi dalam Bhinneka Tunggal Ika dan dijamin dalam Pasal 28E ayat (1) dan Pasal 29 ayat (2) UUD NRI 1945. Hal ini menegaskan bahwa Negara Indonesia dengan sistem hukumnya, telah memberikan kemerdekaan kepada setiap warga negaranya untuk beribadat dengan menggunakan tata cara sesuai dengan budaya masing-masing daerah. Konsep ‘Ketuhanan’ dari Sila pertama Pancasila, adalah konsep ‘Ketuhanan yang Berkebudayaan ‘bukan ‘keagamaan yang institusional’. Konsep ‘Ketuhanan yang Berkebudayaan’ ini memiliki keterbukaan dan penerimaan terhadap cita rasa religius yang plural, menyebar dan hidup di hati masyarakat Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian sosio-legal, data dikumpulkan dari tiap agama dan kepercayaan yang hidup dalam masyarakat Indonesia. Proses Sosial dalam struktur sosial termasuk perubahan sosial merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku dalam berbagai segi kehidupan bersama, khususnya keagamaan. Perlu adanya kesadaran akan keragaman budaya yang melengkapi dinamika dalam norma religius, sehingga terwujudlah keserasian dalam kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia yang heterogen, melalui inkulturisasi keagamaan dan kepercayaan di Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":197254,"journal":{"name":"Kosmik Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132203823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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