Pharmacognosy Research最新文献

{"title":"Acacia nilotica Pod Extract has an Anti-cancer Effect on the U937 Cell Line","authors":"Halla Falih Bakheit, Sebastien Taurin, Elwaleed Mohamed Elamin, Moiz Bakhiet","doi":"10.5530/pres.15.4.081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/pres.15.4.081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19813,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Research","volume":"35 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135430248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Caffeine Products in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Reem Rara, Rahaf Alhindi, Majd Alotaibi, Yara Shaykhayn, Anwar Alnakhli, Halah Tariq Albar, Asim Muhammed Alshanberi, Yosra Zakariyya Alhindi, Safaa Mohammed Alsanosi","doi":"10.5530/pres.15.4.068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/pres.15.4.068","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacognosy Research,2023,15,4,653-657.DOI:10.5530/pres.15.4.068Published:October 2023Type:Review ArticleAuthors:Reem Rara, Rahaf Alhindi, Majd Alotaibi, Yara Shaykhayn, Anwar Alnakhli, Halah Tariq Albar, Asim Muhammed Alshanberi, Yosra Zakariyya Alhindi, and Safaa Mohammed Alsanosi Author(s) affiliations:Reem Rara1, Rahaf Alhindi1, Majd Alotaibi1, Yara Shaykhayn1, Anwar Alnakhli2, Halah Tariq Albar3, Asim Muhammed Alshanberi4, Yosra Zakariyya Alhindi5, Safaa Mohammed Alsanosi5 1Department of General Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, SAUDI ARABIA. 2Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nora Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, SAUDI ARABIA. 3Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAUDI ARABIA. 4Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAUDI ARABIA. 5Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAUDI ARABIA. Abstract:The most used psychoactive substance globally is caffeine. Recently, the introduction of numerous products containing caffeine, as well as shifts in the consumption of both natural and artificial sources of caffeine, has received the attention of health experts. However, there is a lack of information on the consumption patterns of coffee and caffeinated products in different regions of the Saudi population. Therefore, this review aims to identify gender differences, pharmacological effects and risk of toxicity among caffeine product users in Saudi Arabia. Although there are regulations from the Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA), there have been concerns about excessive caffeine consumption among the youth population. According to the available studies, the prevalence of coffee consumption is high among Saudi females. The extent of caffeine toxicity in Saudi Arabia is not well documented; however, given the widespread use of caffeine in the country, it is possible that instances of caffeine toxicity may arise. It should be emphasized that caffeine toxicity is not common and usually occurs only with extremely high levels of caffeine consumption. This review offers valuable insights into caffeine consumption patterns in Saudi Arabia, which can benefit a range of stakeholders, including scientists, healthcare providers and consumers. To ensure safe caffeine consumption and minimise the risk of negative outcomes arising from insufficient knowledge about its use, there is a need to educate individuals and raise public awareness about caffeine intake. Keywords:Caffeine Products, Caffeine Safety, Saudi ArabiaView:PDF (137.22 KB)","PeriodicalId":19813,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Research","volume":"35 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135430252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditonal Uses and Phytopharmacological Analysis of Ancient and Lucrative Traditional Plants Lavandula stoechas L. and Lavandula officinalis Chaix","authors":"Mohammad Jameel, Abuzer Ali, Wasim Ahmad, Faiyazuddin Md Faiyazuddin, Md Rafiul Haque, Rampratap Meena, Sadia Sultan, Kamran Ashraf","doi":"10.5530/pres.15.4.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/pres.15.4.064","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacognosy Research,2023,15,4,607-614.DOI:10.5530/pres.15.4.064Published:October 2023Type:Review ArticleAuthors:Mohammad Jameel, Abuzer Ali, Wasim Ahmad, Md. Faiyazuddin, Md Rafiul Haque, Rampratap Meena, Sadia Sultan, and Kamran Ashraf Author(s) affiliations:Mohammad Jameel1, Abuzer Ali2, Wasim Ahmad3, Md. Faiyazuddin4, Md Rafiul Haque4, Rampratap Meena5, Sadia Sultan6, Kamran Ashraf6,* 1Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, CCRUM, Ministry of AYUSH-Government of India, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA. 2Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA. 3Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, SAUDI ARABIA. 4School of Pharmacy, Al-Karim University, Katihar, Bihar, INDIA. 5Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of AYUSH-Government of India, New Delhi, INDIA. 6Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar, Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MALAYSIA. Abstract:Traditional medicines are still widely used because they contain notably unique therapeutically active metabolites in their native condition. This elevated the illustrious tradition of indigenous cultures and folklore claims to trace back the development of new therapeutic platforms and active leads that could meet the current needs with the minimum unforeseen health risks. Lavandula stoechas L. has the exclusive property to tutelage the brain, heart, and vital organs with unique pharmacodynamic action by expelling out brain impurity and purifying black bile. It is immensely used in insanity as a memory enhancer and nervine tonic, as per the classical Unani literature, and is termed a broom of the brain, but less erudition, improper documentation, and negligence emaciated its appreciation and recognition. While Lavandula officinalis Chaix is popularly used in modern practices in aromatherapy, mental rejuvenation, the cosmetic industry, and economic generation throughout the world due to more scientific unveiling. To corroborate the ancestral heritage and ancient therapeutic arguments with antiquated scriptures, these plants have been reviewed for their traditional uses and phytopharmacological activities. Keywords:Ancient medicine, Folkloric application, Pharmacology, Phytochemistry, Traditional plantView:PDF (569.3 KB)","PeriodicalId":19813,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Research","volume":"35 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135430254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitory Effect of Bioassay-Guided Fractionation of Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Extract on Fructose-induced Glycated Hemoglobin and Aggregation in vitro","authors":"Dipeksha Macwan, Hiteshkumar Vashrambhai Patel","doi":"10.5530/pres.15.4.082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/pres.15.4.082","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacognosy Research,2023,15,4,776-784.DOI:10.5530/pres.15.4.082Published:October 2023Type:Original ArticleAuthors:Dipeksha Macwan, and Hiteshkumar Vashrambhai Patel Author(s) affiliations:Dipeksha Macwan, Hiteshkumar Vashrambhai Patel* Department of Biochemistry, Shri Alpesh N. Patel P.G. Institute of Science and Research, Sardar Patel University, Anand, Gujarat, INDIA. Abstract:Background: Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus is a prominent inducer for free radical production which results in non-enzymatic protein glycation that cause the pathogenesis of diabetic complications and deleterious health-related issues. Since ancient times, people have consumed mushrooms as food and as a form of folk medicine. Mushrooms are becoming more and more popular due to their medicinal and nutritional advantages. Pleurotus ostreatus has considerable antioxidant properties to scavenge free radicals and is helpful to offer antiglycation activity. Objectives: The purpose of this research was to determine the inhibitory effect of bioassay-guided fractionation of Pleurotus ostreatus on formation of glycated hemoglobin and aggregation of glycated protein in vitro. Materials and Methods: Total phenolic and flavonoids were determined from the crude extract of P. ostreatus. Antioxidant capability of methanolic crude extract was determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) scavenging, and ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6 -sulfonic acid) radical cation scavenging activity. Inhibitory effect of bio-guided fractionations of crude P. ostreatus extract were measured using fructosamine formation, protein carbonyls, aggregation index, and fluorescence intensity. Results: Methanolic extract of P. ostreatus has significantly high levels of phenols (16.89 ± 1.44 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (9.40 ± 0.86 mg QE/g). Methanolic extract was found to have excellent antioxidant capacity indicates from IC50 values for DPPH radical scavenging (75.23 ± 2.32 μg/mL), H2O2 scavenging (96.54 ± 2.32 μg/mL), and ABTS radical cation (50.33± 1.82 μg/mL) scavenging activities. The analysis on fructose induced glycated hemoglobin model revealed that fraction F4 of methanolic extract of P. ostreatus is more potent to inhibit formation of glycated hemoglobin by (58.84 ± 2.36%), fructosamine (64.32 ± 3.74%) and protein carbonyls (51.35 ± 2.94%). It also showed an aggregation index of 46.32 ±1.05% and a decline in fluorescence intensity (52.04%) which are important factor in many pathological processes. Conclusion: The fraction F4 obtained from P. ostreatus can be used for the identification of bioactive compounds that can be further considered as therapeutic agents for AGE-associated pathogenesis. Keywords:Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), Anti-glycation, Antioxidant, HbA1c, Pleurotus ostreatusView:PDF (292.08 KB)","PeriodicalId":19813,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Research","volume":"33 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135429979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Selectivity Index and Phytoconstituents Profile of Various Extracts from the Stem of Strychnos lucida R. Br. as Anti-malarial","authors":"Uswatun Khasanah, Alvan Febrian Shalas, Bachtiar Rifai Pratita Ihsan, Lung Ayu Asti Wulandari, Nadela Cintya Nurtyas, Waril Waril, Iin Alipiani, Ulfa Malihatus Sholiha","doi":"10.5530/pres.15.4.078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/pres.15.4.078","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacognosy Research,2023,15,4,733-750.DOI:10.5530/pres.15.4.078Published:October 2023Type:Original ArticleAuthors:Uswatun Khasanah, Alvan Febrian Shalas, Bachtiar Rifai Pratita Ihsan, Lung Ayu Asti Wulandari, Nadela Cintya Nurtyas, Waril, Iin Alipiani, and Ulfa Malihatus Sholiha Author(s) affiliations:Uswatun Khasanah1,*, Alvan Febrian Shalas1, Bachtiar Rifai Pratita Ihsan1, Lung Ayu Asti Wulandari2, Nadela Cintya Nurtyas2, Waril2, Iin Alipiani2, Ulfa Malihatus Sholiha2 1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, INDONESIA. 2Undergraduate Program of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, INDONESIA. Abstract:Introduction: Strychnos lucida R. Br. or Songga was empirically used as an anti-malarial and immunostimulant in the Tetun tribe, Indonesia. However, almost all plants from the genus Strychnos contain the alkaloid toxic compound strychnine. Objectives: The aims of this study are to determine in vitro/in vivo anti-malarial activity, to analyze the selectivity index, and to measure the phytoconstituents of various extracts (water, ethanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane) from S. lucida stem. Materials and Methods: In vitro anti-malarial study was conducted against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7-chloroquine-sensitive, and in vitro cytotoxic was performed against Monkey kidney Vero cell. Plasmodium berghei ANKA-chloroquine sensitive infected malaria mice were used as a model for evaluation of in vivo anti-plasmodial. Phytoconstituents profile was determined using Thermo scientific LC-HRMS, and the m/z data was analyzed using Compound Discoverer software with mzCloud MS/MS Library. Results: Water (W), Ethanol (E), and Ethyl Acetate (EA) extract exhibited more potential in vitro/in vivo anti-malarial activity than n-hexane (H) extract (IC50 2.48±0.09; 2.45±0.02; 2.90±0.07; 7.64±0.30 μg/mL, respectively). The selectivity index of water, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extract are 211.47, 78.46, 249.62, and 32.39, respectively). According to the LC-HRMS profile, water and ethanol extract mainly contain alkaloid and phenolic compounds. Ethyl acetate and n-hexane mostly contain terpenoids and fatty acids. Conclusion: According to the result, we conclude that ethanol and water extract from S. lucida R. Br. display potential anti-malarial. Alkaloids and phenolic compounds probably have the most contribution to their anti-malarial activity. Keywords:Anti-malarial, LC-HRMS, Selectivity index, Strycnos lucida R. Br., Vero cellView:PDF (702.98 KB)","PeriodicalId":19813,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Research","volume":"33 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135429984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Short Consized Note of Current Trends and Future Prospects on Herbal Medicine","authors":"Heera Battu, Nimmathota Madhavi","doi":"10.5530/pres.15.4.065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/pres.15.4.065","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacognosy Research,2023,15,4,615-622.DOI:10.5530/pres.15.4.065Published:October 2023Type:Review ArticleAuthors:Heera Battu, and Nimmathota Madhavi Author(s) affiliations:Heera Battu1,*, Nimmathota Madhavi2 1Department of Pharmaceutics, Adikavi Nannaya University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tadepaliigudem, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA. 2Department of Pharmaceutics, CMR College of Pharmacy, Medchal, Hyderabad, Telangana, INDIA. Abstract:Now a days the usage of allopathic medicine is in large-scale, however the phenomenal development in advanced science and technology came up with new therapies for various disease remedies furthermore the practice is happening and even then, we couldn’t improve or to provide better healthcare system. Among the available traditional system of medicine, herbal medicine is considered as one of the rapidly growing healthcare systems around the globe particularly in rural and remote areas. Majorly available Indian traditional systems such as Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy had a long-lasted history for their effectiveness in the treatment of various diseases. Herbal medicines often provide guidelines in large for the formulation of herbal product in the treatment and control of ailments. As a result, there may be a chance to increase in analysis about the safety, standardization, efficacy, quality, adverse drug reactions, drug interactions, stability testing and preservation of herbal products. The current review focused on the importance of traditional herbal medicine in treating various diseases. Keywords:Disease, Health care, Herbal, Nature, TraditionalView:PDF (268.4 KB)","PeriodicalId":19813,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Research","volume":"34 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135430125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GC-MS, FT-IR, and ICP-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds in the Methanolic Leaves Extract of Thalictrum foliolosum","authors":"Sushila Rani, Richa Puri, Pooja Boora, Abul Qasim, Dechan Angmo, Monika Mehta","doi":"10.5530/pres.15.4.075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/pres.15.4.075","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacognosy Research,2023,15,4,705-715.DOI:10.5530/pres.15.4.075Published:October 2023Type:Original ArticleAuthors:Sushila Rani, Richa Puri, Pooja Boora, Abul Qasim, Dechan Angmo, and Monika Mehta Author(s) affiliations:Sushila Rani*, Richa Puri, Pooja Boora, Abul Qasim, Dechan Angmo, Monika Mehta Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, INDIA. Abstract:Background: There are many therapeutic effects of medicinal plants that are used in treating and preventing a variety of diseases. Recently medicinal plants contain many bioactive compounds which are playing an important role in the health sector. The use of herbal medicine is based on the fact that herbal medicines are safe without any ill effects on human health and are easily accessible at minimum cost. However, there is an urgent need to assure the quality and efficacy of the product. Objectives: The main objective of current study directed to characterize possible the phytochemical compounds and mineral elements present in the methanolic leaves extract of the Thalictrum foliolosum plant by using GC-MS, FTIR, and ICP-MS analysis to ensure quality of this medicinally important herb and for a better understanding of its pharmacological claim. Materials and Methods: Thalictrum foliolosum was collected in July and August from the Hatu peak at an elevation of 3400 m in the Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh, India. The fine powder of the plant leaf was extracted with methanol at room temperature for 8 hr. The chemical analysis of bioactive compounds of Thalictrum foliolosum has been evaluated using GC-MS, FTIR and ICP-MS. Results: GC-MS analysis disclosed the presence of 48 compounds which shows various medicinal activities. The major phytoconstituents were Octacosanol (22.37%), Diethyl Phthalate (22.32%), Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, ethyl ester (6.14%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (4.11%) and many more which exhibited antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. The compounds found in the extract were compared with mass spectra from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The crude extract was analyzed in a spectrometer Perkin Elmer Spectrum 400 and characteristic peaks were recorded indicating various functional groups such as phenol, alkanes, alcohol, amides, and amines are present. The ICP-MS technique was simultaneously used to trace the mineral element and the result revealed the presence of important micronutrients including manganese (1,770.517 ppb), ferrous (22,604.753ppb), zinc (4,322.423 ppb), chromium (491.231), copper (7,048.321ppb) and potassium (450,067.837ppb). These mineral element acts as cofactors for more than 3000 enzymes that regulate various metabolic pathways in the living system. Hence our study provides a huge platform to screen out these bioactive compounds and mineral elements which are used to treat various lethal and lifestyle diseases. Conclusion: The current study reveals that the methanolic leaves extr","PeriodicalId":19813,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Research","volume":"35 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135430251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative Effect of Rutin against Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) Nanoparticle induced Behavioural, Biochemical and Tissue Morphological Changes in Danio rerio","authors":"Briska Jifrina Premnath, Bichandarkoil Jayaram Pratima, Ragunath Ravichandiran, Manoj Kumar Srinivasan, Namasivayam Nalini","doi":"10.5530/pres.15.4.083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/pres.15.4.083","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacognosy Research,2023,15,4,785-795.DOI:10.5530/pres.15.4.083Published:October 2023Type:Original ArticleAuthors:Briska Jifrina Premnath, Bichandarkoil Jayaram Pratima, Ragunath Ravichandiran, Manoj Kumar Srinivasan, and Namasivayam Nalini Author(s) affiliations:Briska Jifrina Premnath, Bichandarkoil Jayaram Pratima, Ragunath Ravichandiran, Manoj Kumar Srinivasan, Namasivayam Nalini* Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, INDIA. Abstract:Background: Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) is one of the most widely used metal oxide nanoparticles with unique features that permit its usage in various medical applications, including drug delivery, targeting, labelling, and loading. Rutin is a bioflavonoid found in various natural sources and has diverse biological activities and pharmaceutical applications. Some studies have evaluated the impacts of ZrO2 NPs on aquatic creatures, but little is known about their ability to recover after exposure. Since the toxicity of ZrO2 nanoparticles is not known, it would be crucial to investigate their toxicity using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism. Objectives: In the present work, the toxicity of ZrO2 was investigated in Danio rerio using behavioural alterations, biomarkers of oxidative stress and cellular damage. The morphology of the gill tissues, as well as the optimal amount of rutin for mitigating deleterious effects was evaluated. Materials and Methods: Fish were treated for 14 days, and seven study groups were examined: control, ZrO2 exposure alone at three distinct concentrations (5 mg/L, 10 mg/L, and 20 mg/L), and combined with rutin (100 mg/L). Results: Compared to control groups, Danio rerio treated with ZrO2 alone or in combination with rutin produced worse outcomes. However, rutin-supplemented groups exhibited greater improvement than ZrO2 alone groups. ZrO2 affects cells by causing oxidative stress and decreasing the antioxidants SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, and Vitamin C. Enhanced oxidative stress induces behavioural and morphological modifications. The structural examination of the gill tissues revealed hyperplasia, lamellar fusion, filament erosion, and a dilated marginal channel or epithelial lifting. Conclusion: According to our data, the sub-lethal concentration of ZrO2 NPs for Danio rerio is 10 mg/L. Although ZrO2 was detrimental to the groups exposed to it, supplementing 100 mg/L of rutin was able to protect against its toxicity. Keywords:Antioxidants, Behavioural changes, Histology, Nanoparticles, Oxidative stress, Zebrafish, ZrO2 - NPsView:PDF (3.45 MB)","PeriodicalId":19813,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Research","volume":"34 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135430123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatoprotective Assessment of Copper Calx against Anti-Tubercular Drug-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats","authors":"Mohammad Sharique, Hariprasad Hariprasad MG, Moqbel Ali Moqbel Redhwan, Ashish Jain, Shambhavi Shambhavi S, Mamatha Mamatha A, Niranjana Niranjana N","doi":"10.5530/pres.15.4.085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/pres.15.4.085","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacognosy Research,2023,15,4,806-812.DOI:10.5530/pres.15.4.085Published:October 2023Type:Original ArticleAuthors:Mohammad Sharique, Hariprasad M.G, Moqbel Ali Moqbel Redhwan, Ashish Jain, Shambhavi S, Mamatha A, and Niranjana Author(s) affiliations:Mohammad Sharique1, Hariprasad M.G1,2,*, Moqbel Ali Moqbel Redhwan1,2, Ashish Jain1, Shambhavi S1, Mamatha A3, Niranjana4 1Department of Pharmacology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, INDIA. 2Basic Science Research Center (Off-Campus), KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, INDIA. 3Department of Pharmacognosy, KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, INDIA. 4Pentacare Ayur Pharma, Malleshwaram, Bengaluru, Karnataka, INDIA. Abstract:Background: Anti-Tubercular Drugs (ATDs), while effective in treating tuberculosis, are associated with hepatotoxicity, leading to liver damage and complications. Calx of Copper, a traditional Ayurvedic preparation, has shown potential hepatoprotective properties. Objectives: To investigate the potential hepatoprotective role of Calx of Copper in mitigating ATD-induced hepatotoxicity and to examine its impact on liver function markers and histopathological changes in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=6 per group): control, ATD, Calx of Copper, ATD+Calx of Copper, and silymarin (used as a standard hepatoprotective agent). Hepatotoxicity was induced in the ATD, ATD+Calx of Copper, and silymarin groups by administering a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide for 25 days. Calx of Copper and silymarin were orally administered at doses of 6.17 mg/kg and 12.33 mg/kg, and 300 mg/kg b.w, respectively, in their respective groups. Liver function markers, including serum transaminase and alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), were measured at the end of the study. A histopathological examination of liver tissues was also performed. Results: ATDinduced hepatotoxicity was evident through elevated serum SGPT, SGOT, ALT, and ALP levels and histopathological alterations in liver tissue. Co-administration of Calx of Copper significantly reduced SGPT, SGOT, ALT, and ALP (p<0.05) and improved liver histopathological changes compared to the ATD group. The hepatoprotective effect of Calx of Copper was comparable to that of silymarin. Conclusion: Copper calx demonstrated significant hepatoprotective activity against ATD-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, as evidenced by normalizing liver function markers and histopathological improvements. These findings suggest that Calx of Copper may be a promising adjuvant therapy for mitigating liver damage associated with anti-tubercular drug treatment. Keywords:Anti-Tubercular, Antioxidant, Copper Calx, Hepatotoxicity, RatView:PDF (959.22 KB)","PeriodicalId":19813,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Research","volume":"32 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135430804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kapikacchu: The Brain Medicine","authors":"Rupali Patil, Gautam P Vadnere, Kundan Patil, Nalini More","doi":"10.5530/pres.15.4.063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/pres.15.4.063","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacognosy Research,2023,15,4,601-606.DOI:10.5530/pres.15.4.063Published:October 2023Type:Review ArticleAuthors:Rupali Patil, Gautam P. Vadnere, Kundan Patil, and Nalini More Author(s) affiliations:Rupali Patil*, Gautam P. Vadnere, Kundan Patil, Nalini More Department of Pharmaceutics, Smt. Sharadchandrika Suresh Patil College of Pharmacy, Chopda, Maharashtra, INDIA. Abstract:Ancient civilizations throughout the world have survived for so many years, on the wisdom of nature in every field. Natural ways of living and managing disease have been the mainstay of all these cultures. In today’s era too almost 80% of the world population relies on herbal medicine to sustain their health care needs. Herbal medication in the form of folklore medicine or home remedies is the mainstay of disease cure in Asian, African continents as continues to be the first line of treatment in mild to moderately severe illnesses.[1,2] Kapikacchu (Mucuna pruriens Linn.) is an important herb mentioned in the Ayurvedic medical literature.[3] The plant is beneficial in parkinsonism, male infertility, neurological disorders etc. The negative effects are caused due to the exposure to the pod hair that’s known to cause skin allergy, basically irritation and itching. That explains the name Kapikacchu. M. pruriens is widely used to manage impotency. The aphrodisiac properties of this herb are known to improve the semen quality in terms count and quality, motility etc.,[4] and is also useful in the management of diabetes mellitus and known to possess antitumour properties too. The seeds exhibit multi-systemic functions like inflammatory arthritis, diabetes mellitus, neurological disorders like parkinson’s disease, fever and inflammations.[5,6] This review study is an attempted to provide detailed information about this herb collected from various Ayurvedic texts and its corelative studies through the lens of pharmacology in terms of its phytoconstituents and pharmacological actions. Keywords:Kapikacchu, Mucuna pruriens, Neurotransmitter, PhytoconstituentsView:PDF (216.61 KB)","PeriodicalId":19813,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Research","volume":"31 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135430807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}