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Production Sources and Potential Applications of Alkaline Water 碱性水的生产来源及潜在应用
Pub Date : 2023-05-29 DOI: 10.15228/2022.v13.i01-2.p06
S. Masood, A.U Nisa, P. Shahzad, H. Nisar, F. Sajjad, A. Hussain, H.U. Rehman, F. Khan, R. Kalsoom
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引用次数: 0
Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation 核糖和半乳糖作为环保型白色染料还原剂的比较动力学研究
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.15228/2022.v13.i01-2.p04
M. Yamin, F. Rehman, N. Rohman, K. Ahmed
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引用次数: 0
Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation 核糖和半乳糖作为环保型白色染料还原剂的比较动力学研究
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.15228/2023.v13.i01-2.p04
M. Yamin, F. Rehman, N. Rohman, K. Ahmed
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引用次数: 0
Alteration induced in the absorption of a photon by Pb in the chloroplast center of leaves of Vigna radiata L 铅对紫穗槐叶片叶绿体中心吸收光子的影响
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.15228/2023.v13.i01-2.p05
H. Nasreen
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引用次数: 0
Cd and Cr Metals Burden in Fruits and Vegetables of Southern European Countries: A Review 南欧国家水果和蔬菜中镉、铬金属负荷的研究进展
Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.15228/2022.v13.i01-2.p03
U. Islam, F. Taqdees, R. Zahoor, F. Asad, A. Gul, H. Batool, A. Mahmood
The Cadmium (Cd) and Chromium (Cr) burden in fruits and vegetables in Southern European countries such as Turkey, Spain, Italy, Kosovo, Croatia, Greece, and Romania are compared and analyzed in this review article to account for any significant differences. Potential sources of the metals and their health issues have been underlined. Various reasons for the extent of the metals' uptake are highlighted, including species' nature, soil pH and atmospheric conditions. In Croatia, the highest Cd burden was observed in lettuce (1.16±0.24 mg/kg), followed by carrot (0.49±0.18 mg/kg) and onion (0.28±0.08 mg/kg). The concentration of Cd in peppermint and spinach has been reported as 0.004±0.001 μg/g and 0.024±0.001 μg/g, respectively, in Turkey. Spain's strawberries, melon, and bananas have shown 0.0025 mg/kg, 0.0028 mg/kg, and 0.0005 mg/kg of Cd, respectively. The Cr level in Croatia's vegetables was less than the detection limit of the instrument. In Romania, its concentration in cabbage and potato root was 17.5 ± 0.7 mg/kg and 4.7 ± 0.3 mg/kg, respectively. Similarly, in Greece, the highest levels of Cr were found in green peas (0.21 ± 0.03 μg/g ), followed by onion (0.16 ± 0.07 μg/g) and cabbage (0 .13 ± 0.08 μg/g). The fruits and vegetables of most regions have shown a greater burden of Cd than Cr. Several strategies could be implemented to minimize the extent to which the plants take up these metals and reduce their environmental risks.
本文对南欧国家如土耳其、西班牙、意大利、科索沃、克罗地亚、希腊和罗马尼亚的水果和蔬菜中的镉(Cd)和铬(Cr)负担进行了比较和分析,以解释任何显著差异。强调了这些金属的潜在来源及其健康问题。强调了金属吸收程度的各种原因,包括物种的性质,土壤pH和大气条件。在克罗地亚,莴苣(1.16±0.24 mg/kg)、胡萝卜(0.49±0.18 mg/kg)和洋葱(0.28±0.08 mg/kg)的镉负荷最高。据报道,土耳其薄荷和菠菜中镉的浓度分别为0.004±0.001 μg和0.024±0.001 μg。西班牙的草莓、甜瓜和香蕉的镉含量分别为0.0025 mg/kg、0.0028 mg/kg和0.0005 mg/kg。克罗地亚蔬菜中的铬含量低于仪器的检测限。在罗马尼亚,其在白菜和马铃薯根中的浓度分别为17.5±0.7 mg/kg和4.7±0.3 mg/kg。同样,在希腊,绿豌豆中的铬含量最高(0.21±0.03 μg/g),其次是洋葱(0.16±0.07 μg)和卷心菜(0.13±0.08 μg/g)。大多数地区的水果和蔬菜显示出比铬更大的镉负担。可以实施几种策略来最大限度地减少植物吸收这些金属的程度并减少其环境风险。
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引用次数: 0
Cd and Cr Metals Burden in Fruits and Vegetables of Southern European Countries: A Review 南欧国家水果和蔬菜中镉、铬金属负荷的研究进展
Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.15228/2023.v13.i01-2.p03
U. Islam, F. Taqdees, R. Zahoor, F. Asad, A. Gul, H. Batool, A. Mahmood
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引用次数: 0
Constituents from Psorospermum guineense twigs, MDA-MB-231, lipoxygenase, antioxidant and Molecular Docking Studies 豚草细枝成分、MDA-MB-231、脂氧合酶、抗氧化剂及分子对接研究
Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.15228/2022.v13.i01-2.p02
K. Eyong, S. Y. Ghansenyuy, P. Yemback, L. Mehreen, G. Folefoc
Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, characterized by the irregular proliferation of malignant cells and increasing resistance to known drugs. The importance of developing new chemotherapeutic agents is necessary. The present study focuses on Psorospermum guineense , used in traditional medicine to treat cancer, and associated carcinogenic processes such as tumour cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. A study of the chemical constituents of the twigs of Psorospermum guineense has resulted in the isolation and characterization of eight known compounds, namely: 3-geranyloxyemodine 1 , 3-β-fridelanol 2 , 3-geranyloxyemodine anthrone 3 , 2-geranylemodine 4 , Acetylvismione D 5 , Betulinic acid 6 , Ursolic acid 7 and Emodine 8 through LC-MS and selected 1D and 2D–NMR experiments. Single crystal x-ray diffraction analysis was used to confirm the relative configuration and conformation of compound 1 . Preliminary cytotoxicity assays against the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell indicated that Ursolic acid 7 was the most active, with an IC 50 value of 9.88 μM and 95% CI of 9.03-10.5 μM. Acetylvismione D 5 exhibited better lipoxygenase inhibitory activity (19.8±0.16) and antioxidant activity (20.8±0.15) compared to the reference drugs baicalein (22.6  0.08 µM) and Beta hydroxyl acid (BHA) (44.2  0.07) respectively. Molecular docking studies were conducted to support lipoxygenase inhibitory activities of the test compounds.
癌症是世界范围内死亡的主要原因之一,其特点是恶性细胞的不规则增殖和对已知药物的耐药性增加。开发新的化疗药物的重要性是必要的。本研究主要关注传统医学中用于治疗癌症的豚鼠补骨乳及其相关的致癌过程,如肿瘤细胞增殖、分化和凋亡。通过LC-MS和选定的1D和2D-NMR实验,对大鼠肉苁茸(Psorospermum guineense)枝条的化学成分进行了研究,分离并鉴定了8个已知化合物,分别为:3-香叶氧基莫丁1,3 -β-fridelanol 2,3 -香叶氧基莫丁蒽酮3,2 -香叶氧基莫丁4、乙酰vismione d1 5、白桦酸6、熊果酸7和大黄素8。用单晶x射线衍射分析确定了化合物1的相对构型和构象。对MDA-MB-231乳腺癌细胞的初步细胞毒实验表明,熊果酸7活性最强,ic50值为9.88 μM, 95% CI为9.03 ~ 10.5 μM。与对照药黄芩素(22.60.08µM)和β -羟基酸(44.20.07)相比,乙酰vismione d5具有更好的脂氧合酶抑制活性(19.8±0.16)和抗氧化活性(20.8±0.15)。分子对接研究支持测试化合物的脂氧合酶抑制活性。
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引用次数: 0
Constituents from Psorospermum guineense twigs, MDA-MB-231, lipoxygenase, antioxidant and Molecular Docking Studies 豚草细枝成分、MDA-MB-231、脂氧合酶、抗氧化剂及分子对接研究
Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.15228/2023.v13.i01-2.p02
K.O. Eyong, S.Y. Ghansenyuy, P. Yemback, L. Mehreen, G.N. Folefoc
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引用次数: 0
Alteration induced in the absorption of a photon by Pb in the chloroplast center of leaves of Vigna radiata L 铅对紫穗槐叶片叶绿体中心吸收光子的影响
Pub Date : 2023-02-03 DOI: 10.15228/2022.v13.i01-2.p05
H. Nasreen
Vigna radiata L. is included in a dietary meal worldwide, especially in Asian countries, and is also a part of herbal medicine. It was selected to monitor the photon absorption under Pb metal on the chloroplasts center. The seedlings of Vigna radiata L. were cultured in nutrient solution for 15 days at several concentrations of Pb viz., 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 ppm. Then harvested, washed, homogenized in ethanol, centrifuged and the supernatants were subjected to spectrophotometric analysis. Results showed that a hypsochromic shift in wavelength was observed under Pb stress which was discussed as an alteration in the absorption of photon wavelength of different pigments observed in the early growing stages. It was observed that the alteration in photon absorption consequently appears in photosynthetic activities, followed by the formation of the excited state of the chlorophyll and the release of energy. Moreover, the shift in wavelength in the UV region showed the synthesis of secondary metabolites. It was concluded the effects of Pb on photon absorption of chloroplast center was strongly reliant on the distribution of pigment concentrations and their absorbance with the formation of compounds that absorb radiation in UV region.
在世界范围内,尤其是在亚洲国家,维格纳是一种膳食,也是草药的一部分。选择它来监测叶绿体中心Pb金属对光子的吸收。在不同浓度的Pb(0、50、100、150和200 ppm)的营养液中培养辐射凤仙花幼苗15天。然后收获,洗涤,在乙醇中均质,离心,上清液进行分光光度分析。结果表明,在Pb胁迫下,不同色素对光子波长的吸收发生了变化,这可能是生长初期不同色素对光子波长的吸收发生了变化。我们观察到光子吸收的改变随之出现在光合活动中,随后是叶绿素激发态的形成和能量的释放。紫外区的波长变化表明次生代谢产物的合成。Pb对叶绿体中心光子吸收的影响很大程度上取决于色素浓度的分布及其在紫外区吸收辐射的化合物的形成。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of Dissolution of Ulexite in Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate 磷酸氢二钠溶出无绿石的优化研究
Pub Date : 2023-02-03 DOI: 10.15228/2022.v13.i01-2.p01
B. O. Kaya, S. Kuşlu, T. Çalban
The study aimed to investigate the optimization of the dissolution of ulexite minerals in disodium hydrogen phosphate solutions by using a factorial experimental design. The study used the solid-liquid ratio, reaction temperature, the concentration of disodium hydrogen phosphate solutions and reaction time as parameters. 2 n factorial experimental design and orthogonal central composite experimental design methods were used. The optimum conditions for maximum ulexite dissolution were: Solid-liquid ratio of 1/8 g mL -1 , a reaction temperature of 65 °C, a concentration of disodium hydrogen phosphate of 2 M, and a reaction time of 4 hours. Under these optimum conditions, the dissolute B 2 O 3 was 98.16 % in disodium hydrogen phosphate solutions. The complete model, including all parameters, was obtained using the 2. degree variables of the model experiment and internal interactions was found to be as follows. Ŷk.model = 80,45 + 11,31X 1 + 5,70X 2 – 1,10X 3 – 7,29X 4 – 11,27X 12 - 1,34X 22 + 2,37X 32 – 4,33X 42 + 3,25 X 1 X 2 – 7,45 X 1 X 3 + 14,00 X 1 X 4 + 4,30 X 2 X 3 - 7,80X 2 X 4 + 7,17X 3 X 4
采用析因试验设计,研究了无辉石矿物在磷酸氢二钠溶液中的溶出效果。研究以料液比、反应温度、磷酸氢二钠溶液浓度和反应时间为参数。采用2 n因子试验设计和正交中心复合试验设计方法。最佳溶出条件为:料液比为1/8 g mL -1,反应温度为65℃,磷酸氢二钠浓度为2 M,反应时间为4 h。在此条件下,b2o3在磷酸氢二钠溶液中的溶解率为98.16%。用2。模型实验和内部相互作用的程度变量如下:Ŷk。模型= 80、45 + 11,31 × 1 + 5,70 × 2 - 1,10 × 3 - 7,29 × 4 - 11,27 × 12 - 1,34 × 22 + 2,37 × 32 - 4,33 × 42 + 3,25 × 1 × 2 - 7,45 × 1 × 3 + 14,00 × 1 × 4 + 4,30 × 2 × 3 - 7,80 × 2 × 4 + 7,17 × 3 × 4
{"title":"Optimization of Dissolution of Ulexite in Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate","authors":"B. O. Kaya, S. Kuşlu, T. Çalban","doi":"10.15228/2022.v13.i01-2.p01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15228/2022.v13.i01-2.p01","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to investigate the optimization of the dissolution of ulexite minerals in disodium hydrogen phosphate solutions by using a factorial experimental design. The study used the solid-liquid ratio, reaction temperature, the concentration of disodium hydrogen phosphate solutions and reaction time as parameters. 2 n factorial experimental design and orthogonal central composite experimental design methods were used. The optimum conditions for maximum ulexite dissolution were: Solid-liquid ratio of 1/8 g mL -1 , a reaction temperature of 65 °C, a concentration of disodium hydrogen phosphate of 2 M, and a reaction time of 4 hours. Under these optimum conditions, the dissolute B 2 O 3 was 98.16 % in disodium hydrogen phosphate solutions. The complete model, including all parameters, was obtained using the 2. degree variables of the model experiment and internal interactions was found to be as follows. Ŷk.model = 80,45 + 11,31X 1 + 5,70X 2 – 1,10X 3 – 7,29X 4 – 11,27X 12 - 1,34X 22 + 2,37X 32 – 4,33X 42 + 3,25 X 1 X 2 – 7,45 X 1 X 3 + 14,00 X 1 X 4 + 4,30 X 2 X 3 - 7,80X 2 X 4 + 7,17X 3 X 4","PeriodicalId":19815,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Chemistry","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91310684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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Pakistan Journal of Chemistry
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