Pub Date : 2023-02-16DOI: 10.56310/pjns.v17i04.170
Muhammad Hassan, Fatima Mustafa, N. Khan, Taimoor Hassan, Mansoor Iqbal Chaudhry, M. Badshah
Among the most prevalent and least addressed symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection are myalgia, muscle weakness, and body aches. Only a few studies have reported polymyositis in patients with Covid-19 infection. At least one-third of patients with Covid-19 syndrome had elevated CPK levels. The cause of elevated CPK can be a cytokine storm or viral infection of the muscles. We present a case in which our patient developed features of myositis following the resolution of an acute viral prodrome caused by SARS-CoV-2. Our patient had both radiological and biopsy-proven neuromuscular manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 associated with polymyositis. Proximal muscle weakness began shortly after the resolution of the initial infection and progressed gradually over weeks or months, resulting in immobility. In the aftermath of investigations, the patient was diagnosed with polymyositis, appropriate treatment was started, and he showed signs of improvement.
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 infection with polymyositis- a case report","authors":"Muhammad Hassan, Fatima Mustafa, N. Khan, Taimoor Hassan, Mansoor Iqbal Chaudhry, M. Badshah","doi":"10.56310/pjns.v17i04.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56310/pjns.v17i04.170","url":null,"abstract":"Among the most prevalent and least addressed symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection are myalgia, muscle weakness, and body aches. Only a few studies have reported polymyositis in patients with Covid-19 infection. At least one-third of patients with Covid-19 syndrome had elevated CPK levels. The cause of elevated CPK can be a cytokine storm or viral infection of the muscles. We present a case in which our patient developed features of myositis following the resolution of an acute viral prodrome caused by SARS-CoV-2. Our patient had both radiological and biopsy-proven neuromuscular manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 associated with polymyositis. Proximal muscle weakness began shortly after the resolution of the initial infection and progressed gradually over weeks or months, resulting in immobility. In the aftermath of investigations, the patient was diagnosed with polymyositis, appropriate treatment was started, and he showed signs of improvement.","PeriodicalId":19818,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85147177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-16DOI: 10.56310/pjns.v17i04.199
Bushra Khalid, Soban Khan, M. Tariq, Sajid Ali, Ijaz Ali, Zaid Waqar
Background and objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cause of ischemic stroke. AF is usually paroxysmal and could escape detection via single lead electrocardiogram ECG recorder. Holter monitoring is useful in this scenario. The objective of this study was to assess the role of 48 hours Holter monitoring in identifying clinically inapparent AF in young patients with ischemic stroke Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with patient data from November 2019 to February 2021. It was conducted in Neurology department of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan. Study contained medical records of 60 patients which were admitted in this time period. Forty-eight hours Holter monitoring was carried out for all the patients. Patient medical records were examined according to predetermined risk factors and criteria. Statistical analysis was done on SPSS version 25.0. Results: Ten out of 60 cases had positive results for AF during Holter’s monitoring. Fifty cases had negative results for AF during Holter monitoring. While the p value of the data obtained remained non-significant, results depict efficacy of Holter’s monitoring in detection of AF to some extent. Conclusion: Holter monitoring can identify AF, providing aid in prevention of secondary ischemic stroke. However, instead of 48 hours monitoring, a through 72 hours or extended monitoring will increase the effectiveness of this monitoring. In future, a study could be conducted where a large number of cases should be included so that statistical significance of data could be increased.
{"title":"48 hours Holter monitoring in detecting occult atrial fibrillation in young patients with possible cardioembolic stroke","authors":"Bushra Khalid, Soban Khan, M. Tariq, Sajid Ali, Ijaz Ali, Zaid Waqar","doi":"10.56310/pjns.v17i04.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56310/pjns.v17i04.199","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: \u0000Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cause of ischemic stroke. AF is usually paroxysmal and could escape detection via single lead electrocardiogram ECG recorder. Holter monitoring is useful in this scenario. The objective of this study was to assess the role of 48 hours Holter monitoring in identifying clinically inapparent AF in young patients with ischemic stroke \u0000 Methods: \u0000A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with patient data from November 2019 to February 2021. It was conducted in Neurology department of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan. Study contained medical records of 60 patients which were admitted in this time period. Forty-eight hours Holter monitoring was carried out for all the patients. Patient medical records were examined according to predetermined risk factors and criteria. Statistical analysis was done on SPSS version 25.0. \u0000Results: \u0000Ten out of 60 cases had positive results for AF during Holter’s monitoring. Fifty cases had negative results for AF during Holter monitoring. While the p value of the data obtained remained non-significant, results depict efficacy of Holter’s monitoring in detection of AF to some extent. \u0000Conclusion: \u0000Holter monitoring can identify AF, providing aid in prevention of secondary ischemic stroke. However, instead of 48 hours monitoring, a through 72 hours or extended monitoring will increase the effectiveness of this monitoring. In future, a study could be conducted where a large number of cases should be included so that statistical significance of data could be increased.","PeriodicalId":19818,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86015474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-16DOI: 10.56310/pjns.v17i04.209
Ifrah Hambal, Samrah Nasir, Tania Nadeem
A 29-year-old male presented to Aga Khan University Hospital with complaints of fever, body-aches, vomiting and one episode of gum bleeding. A Dengue antigen test done prior to presentation was positive. He was admitted for medical management. During hospital stay, the patient developed manic symptoms including over-talkativeness, expansive mood, disinhibited behavior, excessive planning, paranoia and aggression. He remained oriented to time, place and person and neurological examination was unremarkable. He was managed with anti-psychotics and benzodiazepines, and his psychiatric symptoms improved with improvement in his medical condition. This case highlights the possibility of psychiatric manifestations occurring in context of a dengue infection.
{"title":"Psychiatric manifestations of dengue fever- a case report from Pakistan","authors":"Ifrah Hambal, Samrah Nasir, Tania Nadeem","doi":"10.56310/pjns.v17i04.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56310/pjns.v17i04.209","url":null,"abstract":"A 29-year-old male presented to Aga Khan University Hospital with complaints of fever, body-aches, vomiting and one episode of gum bleeding. A Dengue antigen test done prior to presentation was positive. He was admitted for medical management. During hospital stay, the patient developed manic symptoms including over-talkativeness, expansive mood, disinhibited behavior, excessive planning, paranoia and aggression. He remained oriented to time, place and person and neurological examination was unremarkable. He was managed with anti-psychotics and benzodiazepines, and his psychiatric symptoms improved with improvement in his medical condition. This case highlights the possibility of psychiatric manifestations occurring in context of a dengue infection.","PeriodicalId":19818,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"74 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73022610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-16DOI: 10.56310/pjns.v17i04.221
Sarah Razaq, F. Anwar, Wasim Wali
{"title":"Impairment-based multidisciplinary rehabilitation management in multiple sclerosis in Pakistan","authors":"Sarah Razaq, F. Anwar, Wasim Wali","doi":"10.56310/pjns.v17i04.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56310/pjns.v17i04.221","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19818,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86789999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.56310/pjns.v17i03.187
Muhammad Wasim, Mehr Musani, H. S. Siddiqi, Saara Muddasir, Bushra K. Amin, Fazal Arain
Background and objectives: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder in which the patient suffers with two or more unprovoked seizures. It is one of the most common neurological disorders worldwide, affecting more than 70 million people. Currently various modes of effective treatments are available, but still there are many cases that remain drug resistant. Hence, there is a need to explore herbal medications for the treatment of drug resistant epilepsy. Methods: Recent reviews and research articles (2000-2022) from PubMed and Google Scholar have been explored. Review: Based on etiology, there are six categories of epilepsy: Genetic, structural, metabolic, immune, infectious, and unknown epilepsy. Temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampus sclerosis (TLE-HS) is one of the most common forms of structural epilepsy. Even though several new anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) have been discovered, but the treatment of some cases especially TLE-HS remains resistant to them. Surgery is one of the most effective options for TLE-HS; however, this usually results in memory deficits, and occasionally, intracranial hematoma, delayed hydrocephalus, subdural empyema, and visual field defects in patients. Conclusion: Hence, to overcome drug resistance, new pharmacological and herbal therapies are required. Animal trials are first step in the development of new drugs, to study toxicity and efficacy of proposed drugs. Many herbs have anticonvulsant activity but remain an under-explored treatment option for epilepsy. Further research on herbal extracts as a possible treatment for epilepsy needs to be conducted.
{"title":"Temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampus sclerosis: prevalence, etiology, and treatment options with herbal medicines","authors":"Muhammad Wasim, Mehr Musani, H. S. Siddiqi, Saara Muddasir, Bushra K. Amin, Fazal Arain","doi":"10.56310/pjns.v17i03.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56310/pjns.v17i03.187","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: \u0000Epilepsy is a neurological disorder in which the patient suffers with two or more unprovoked seizures. It is one of the most common neurological disorders worldwide, affecting more than 70 million people. Currently various modes of effective treatments are available, but still there are many cases that remain drug resistant. Hence, there is a need to explore herbal medications for the treatment of drug resistant epilepsy. \u0000Methods: \u0000Recent reviews and research articles (2000-2022) from PubMed and Google Scholar have been explored. \u0000Review: \u0000Based on etiology, there are six categories of epilepsy: Genetic, structural, metabolic, immune, infectious, and unknown epilepsy. Temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampus sclerosis (TLE-HS) is one of the most common forms of structural epilepsy. Even though several new anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) have been discovered, but the treatment of some cases especially TLE-HS remains resistant to them. Surgery is one of the most effective options for TLE-HS; however, this usually results in memory deficits, and occasionally, intracranial hematoma, delayed hydrocephalus, subdural empyema, and visual field defects in patients. \u0000Conclusion: \u0000Hence, to overcome drug resistance, new pharmacological and herbal therapies are required. Animal trials are first step in the development of new drugs, to study toxicity and efficacy of proposed drugs. Many herbs have anticonvulsant activity but remain an under-explored treatment option for epilepsy. Further research on herbal extracts as a possible treatment for epilepsy needs to be conducted.","PeriodicalId":19818,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76398933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and objective: Radial nerve is injured due to a variety of reasons. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical spectrum, risk factors and electrophysiologic aspect of radial nerve injury presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Lahore. Methods: This descriptive prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at department of Neurology, Mayo hospital Lahore from July 2022 to December 2022 and comprised patients with isolated radial nerve injury on the basis of history and clinical examination regardless of their gender, above 15 years of age. NCS/EMG was done on a Japanese machine Nihon Kohden by an expert as per recommended protocol for electrodiagnostic evaluation of a suspected radial nerve injury and interpreted by consultant neurologist. Results: Of 75 patients, 52(69.3%) were males and 23(30.7%) were females. The most common etiology turned out to be misplaced intramuscular injection in 45(60%) of the patients. The site of lesion in most cases was in the spiral groove in 36 (40%) of the patient. Most of the patients i.e. 71(94.7%) had a wrist drop. Evidence of reinnervation was present in 30(40%) of patients. Conclusion: Most cases of radial nerve injury presented with a wrist drop in which the commonest etiology was misplaced intramuscular injection. The site of lesion in most cases turned out to at the level of spiral groove, and the nature of lesion was primarily axonal loss followed by secondary demyelination.
{"title":"Clinical spectrum, risk factors and electrophysiologic aspect of radial nerve injury","authors":"Arfah Kanwal, Safia Bano, Ubaid Ullah, Ahsan Numan","doi":"10.56310/pjns.v17i03.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56310/pjns.v17i03.218","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: \u0000Radial nerve is injured due to a variety of reasons. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical spectrum, risk factors and electrophysiologic aspect of radial nerve injury presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Lahore. \u0000Methods: \u0000This descriptive prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at department of Neurology, Mayo hospital Lahore from July 2022 to December 2022 and comprised patients with isolated radial nerve injury on the basis of history and clinical examination regardless of their gender, above 15 years of age. NCS/EMG was done on a Japanese machine Nihon Kohden by an expert as per recommended protocol for electrodiagnostic evaluation of a suspected radial nerve injury and interpreted by consultant neurologist. \u0000Results: \u0000Of 75 patients, 52(69.3%) were males and 23(30.7%) were females. The most common etiology turned out to be misplaced intramuscular injection in 45(60%) of the patients. The site of lesion in most cases was in the spiral groove in 36 (40%) of the patient. Most of the patients i.e. 71(94.7%) had a wrist drop. Evidence of reinnervation was present in 30(40%) of patients. \u0000Conclusion: \u0000Most cases of radial nerve injury presented with a wrist drop in which the commonest etiology was misplaced intramuscular injection. The site of lesion in most cases turned out to at the level of spiral groove, and the nature of lesion was primarily axonal loss followed by secondary demyelination.","PeriodicalId":19818,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87047479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-12DOI: 10.56310/pjns.v17i03.226
None Editorial Team
Retraction Notice
Khan MI, Khan JI, Ahmed SI, Ali S. The epidemiology of stroke in a developing country (Pakistan). Pak J Neurol Sci. 2018;13(3):30-44.
A reader brought to our attention that the article titled “The epidemiology of stroke in a developing country (Pakistan)”, published in Volume 13, Issue 3, of Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS) was a redundant (duplicate) publication. We investigated this complaint and found out that prior to its submission to PJNS on February 11 2018, this article had already been published almost verbatim in Journal of Neurology & Stroke on January 23, 2018.
Reference of the prior publication:
Khan MI, Khan JI, Ahmed SI, Haq U. The epidemiology of stroke in a developing country (Pakistan). J Neurol Stroke 2018;8(1):32-40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15406/jnsk.2018.08.00275
The authors were contacted multiple times for their input prior to this retraction, but they did not offer any possible justification for their action. The editorial team of PJNS has, therefore, retracted this article. We are thankful to the reader who brought this matter to our attention and apologize for the oversight that resulted in publication of this article in PJNS. We regret any inconvenience caused by the publication and retraction of this article.
The retracted article link: https://ecommons.aku.edu/pjns/vol13/iss3/9/
撤销通知# x0D;Khan MI, Khan JI, Ahmed SI, Ali S.发展中国家(巴基斯坦)中风的流行病学。中华神经科学杂志,2018;13(3):30-44.
& # x0D;一位读者提请我们注意,《巴基斯坦神经科学杂志》(PJNS)第13卷第3期发表的题为“发展中国家(巴基斯坦)中风流行病学”的文章是一篇重复出版物。我们调查了这一投诉,发现在2018年2月11日提交给PJNS之前,这篇文章已经在Journal of Neurology上几乎一字不差地发表了。2018年1月23日笔划
& # x0D;先前出版物的参考文献:
Khan MI, Khan JI, Ahmed SI, Haq U.发展中国家(巴基斯坦)中风的流行病学。中华脑卒中杂志,2018;8(1):32-40。DOI: https://doi.org/10.15406/jnsk.2018.08.00275& x0D;& # x0D;在此次撤稿之前,我们曾多次联系作者征求他们的意见,但他们没有为自己的行为提供任何可能的理由。因此,PJNS编辑团队撤回了这篇文章。我们感谢让我们注意到这件事的读者,并为导致这篇文章发表在PJNS上的疏忽道歉。对于这篇文章的发表和撤回给您带来的不便,我们深表歉意。
& # x0D;撤稿链接:https://ecommons.aku.edu/pjns/vol13/iss3/9/
{"title":"Retraction Notice","authors":"None Editorial Team","doi":"10.56310/pjns.v17i03.226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56310/pjns.v17i03.226","url":null,"abstract":"Retraction Notice
 Khan MI, Khan JI, Ahmed SI, Ali S. The epidemiology of stroke in a developing country (Pakistan). Pak J Neurol Sci. 2018;13(3):30-44.
 
 A reader brought to our attention that the article titled “The epidemiology of stroke in a developing country (Pakistan)”, published in Volume 13, Issue 3, of Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS) was a redundant (duplicate) publication. We investigated this complaint and found out that prior to its submission to PJNS on February 11 2018, this article had already been published almost verbatim in Journal of Neurology & Stroke on January 23, 2018.
 
 Reference of the prior publication:
 Khan MI, Khan JI, Ahmed SI, Haq U. The epidemiology of stroke in a developing country (Pakistan). J Neurol Stroke 2018;8(1):32-40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15406/jnsk.2018.08.00275
 
 The authors were contacted multiple times for their input prior to this retraction, but they did not offer any possible justification for their action. The editorial team of PJNS has, therefore, retracted this article. We are thankful to the reader who brought this matter to our attention and apologize for the oversight that resulted in publication of this article in PJNS. We regret any inconvenience caused by the publication and retraction of this article.
 
 The retracted article link: https://ecommons.aku.edu/pjns/vol13/iss3/9/","PeriodicalId":19818,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136007257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-05DOI: 10.56310/pjns.v17i03.203
Nurose Karim
{"title":"Tele-stroke care in Pakistan","authors":"Nurose Karim","doi":"10.56310/pjns.v17i03.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56310/pjns.v17i03.203","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19818,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"284 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76854913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-05DOI: 10.56310/pjns.v17i03.207
Sarah Razaq, Fahim Anwar
{"title":"Multiple Sclerosis in Pakistan: Collaborative working to Improve Care","authors":"Sarah Razaq, Fahim Anwar","doi":"10.56310/pjns.v17i03.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56310/pjns.v17i03.207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19818,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82702029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-05DOI: 10.56310/pjns.v17i03.206
Maryam Khalil, Sumaira Nabi, Amjad Mehmood Khan, Zeeshan Munawar, Samar Naik, Zaid Waqar, Malik Muhammad Adil, Mazhar Badshah
Background and objective: Not much is known about the prevalence and significance of hypodensities within hematoma after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypodensities within hematoma after spontaneous ICH and their significance to predict poor outcome after ICH. Methods: This observational cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, from October 2021 to June 2022. Total 140 patients of acute stroke were included. Inclusion criteria was any patient of >20 years of age with confirmed diagnosis of ICH on imaging, non-traumatic, who presented within 24 hours after onset of symptoms. Data was analyzed by SPSS ver.23.0. Results: Total 150 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 52.28 ± 1.29 years. There were 100 (71.4%) males and 40 (28.6%) females. Hypertension was the most common comorbid present in 87 patients (62.1%).55% of patients had on presentation National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale score of moderate severity. The mean ICH score on presentation was 2.64 +1.26. Hematoma expansion was present in 55(39.3%) patients while interventricular extension was seen in 100(71.4%) patients. Hypodensities were seen in 125(89.3%) patients( p value 0.001). When hematoma volume were compared in both groups it was also significant (p value 0.002). Conclusion: We conclude that hypodensities within hematoma are a reliable marker of hematoma expansion after spontaneous ICH. Such reliable marker can be easily employed in resource-poor countries where CT angiography is not available everywhere. The higher NIHSS score and low GCS are significantly associated with hypodensities within hematoma.
{"title":"Hypodensities within hematoma predict outcome after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage","authors":"Maryam Khalil, Sumaira Nabi, Amjad Mehmood Khan, Zeeshan Munawar, Samar Naik, Zaid Waqar, Malik Muhammad Adil, Mazhar Badshah","doi":"10.56310/pjns.v17i03.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56310/pjns.v17i03.206","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: \u0000Not much is known about the prevalence and significance of hypodensities within hematoma after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypodensities within hematoma after spontaneous ICH and their significance to predict poor outcome after ICH. \u0000Methods: \u0000This observational cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, from October 2021 to June 2022. Total 140 patients of acute stroke were included. Inclusion criteria was any patient of >20 years of age with confirmed diagnosis of ICH on imaging, non-traumatic, who presented within 24 hours after onset of symptoms. Data was analyzed by SPSS ver.23.0. \u0000Results: \u0000Total 150 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 52.28 ± 1.29 years. There were 100 (71.4%) males and 40 (28.6%) females. Hypertension was the most common comorbid present in 87 patients (62.1%).55% of patients had on presentation National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale score of moderate severity. The mean ICH score on presentation was 2.64 +1.26. Hematoma expansion was present in 55(39.3%) patients while interventricular extension was seen in 100(71.4%) patients. Hypodensities were seen in 125(89.3%) patients( p value 0.001). When hematoma volume were compared in both groups it was also significant (p value 0.002). \u0000Conclusion: \u0000We conclude that hypodensities within hematoma are a reliable marker of hematoma expansion after spontaneous ICH. Such reliable marker can be easily employed in resource-poor countries where CT angiography is not available everywhere. The higher NIHSS score and low GCS are significantly associated with hypodensities within hematoma.","PeriodicalId":19818,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81544065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}