Campbell's theorem is a fundamental result in noise theory and is applied in many fields of science and engineering. It gives a simple but very powerful expression for the mean and standard deviation of a stationary random pulse train. We generalize Campbell's theorem to the non-stationary case where the random process is space and time dependent. We also generalize it to a pulse train of waves, acoustic and electromagnetic, where the intensity is defined as the absolute square of the pulse train.
{"title":"Generalization of Campbell's theorem to nonstationary noise","authors":"L. Cohen","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.44199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.44199","url":null,"abstract":"Campbell's theorem is a fundamental result in noise theory and is applied in many fields of science and engineering. It gives a simple but very powerful expression for the mean and standard deviation of a stationary random pulse train. We generalize Campbell's theorem to the non-stationary case where the random process is space and time dependent. We also generalize it to a pulse train of waves, acoustic and electromagnetic, where the intensity is defined as the absolute square of the pulse train.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123976134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The work presents an effective approach for subpixel motion estimation for Super-resolution (SR). The objective is to improve the quality of the estimated SR image by increasing the accuracy of the motion vectors used in the SR procedure. The correction of the motion vectors is based on appearance of error artifacts in the SR image, introduced due to registration errors. First, SR is performed using full pixel accuracy motion vectors obtained using full search block matching algorithm (FS-BMA). Then, machine learning based method is applied on the resulting images in order to detect and classify artifacts introduced due to missing subpixel components of the motion vectors. The outcome of the classification is a subpixel component of the motion vector. In the final step, SR process is repeated using the corrected (subpixel accuracy) motion vectors.
{"title":"Motion estimation for Super-resolution based on recognition of error artifacts","authors":"Ana Stojkovic, Z. Ivanovski","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.44208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.44208","url":null,"abstract":"The work presents an effective approach for subpixel motion estimation for Super-resolution (SR). The objective is to improve the quality of the estimated SR image by increasing the accuracy of the motion vectors used in the SR procedure. The correction of the motion vectors is based on appearance of error artifacts in the SR image, introduced due to registration errors. First, SR is performed using full pixel accuracy motion vectors obtained using full search block matching algorithm (FS-BMA). Then, machine learning based method is applied on the resulting images in order to detect and classify artifacts introduced due to missing subpixel components of the motion vectors. The outcome of the classification is a subpixel component of the motion vector. In the final step, SR process is repeated using the corrected (subpixel accuracy) motion vectors.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128638707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Phonocardiogram (PCG) is the graphical representation of acoustic energy due to the mechanical cardiac activity. Sometimes cardiac diseases provide pathological murmurs mixed with the main components of the Heart Sound Signal (HSs). The Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) allows decomposing a multicomponent signal into a set of monocomponent signals, called Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). Each IMF represents an oscillatory mode with one instantaneous frequency. The goal of this paper is to segment some pathological HSs by selecting the most appropriate IMFs using the correlation coefficient. Then we extract some time-frequency characteristics considered as useful parameters to distinguish different cases of heart diseases. The experimental results conducted on some real-life pathological HSs such as: Mitral Regurgitation (MR), Aortic Regurgitation (AR) and the Opening Snap (OS) case; revealed the performance of the proposed method.
{"title":"Segmentation and time-frequency analysis of pathological Heart Sound Signals using the EMD method","authors":"D. Boutana, M. Benidir, B. Barkat","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.43833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.43833","url":null,"abstract":"The Phonocardiogram (PCG) is the graphical representation of acoustic energy due to the mechanical cardiac activity. Sometimes cardiac diseases provide pathological murmurs mixed with the main components of the Heart Sound Signal (HSs). The Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) allows decomposing a multicomponent signal into a set of monocomponent signals, called Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). Each IMF represents an oscillatory mode with one instantaneous frequency. The goal of this paper is to segment some pathological HSs by selecting the most appropriate IMFs using the correlation coefficient. Then we extract some time-frequency characteristics considered as useful parameters to distinguish different cases of heart diseases. The experimental results conducted on some real-life pathological HSs such as: Mitral Regurgitation (MR), Aortic Regurgitation (AR) and the Opening Snap (OS) case; revealed the performance of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117324829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposes a multimodal approach to estimate the area function and the length of the vocal tract of oral vowels. The method is based on an iterative technique consisting in deforming an initial area function so that the output acoustic vector matches a specified target. The chosen acoustic vector is the formant frequency pattern. In order to regularize the ill-problem, several constraints are added to the algorithm. First, the lip termination area is estimated via a facial capture software. Then, the area function is constrained in such a way that it does not get too far from a neutral position, and it does not change too quickly from a temporal frame to the next, when dealing with dynamic inversion. The method proves to be efficient to approximate the area function and the length of the vocal tract for oral french vowels, both in static and dynamic configurations.
{"title":"Audiovisual to area and length functions inversion of human vocal tract","authors":"Benjamin Elie, Y. Laprie","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.43890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.43890","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a multimodal approach to estimate the area function and the length of the vocal tract of oral vowels. The method is based on an iterative technique consisting in deforming an initial area function so that the output acoustic vector matches a specified target. The chosen acoustic vector is the formant frequency pattern. In order to regularize the ill-problem, several constraints are added to the algorithm. First, the lip termination area is estimated via a facial capture software. Then, the area function is constrained in such a way that it does not get too far from a neutral position, and it does not change too quickly from a temporal frame to the next, when dealing with dynamic inversion. The method proves to be efficient to approximate the area function and the length of the vocal tract for oral french vowels, both in static and dynamic configurations.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117120184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aziz Kubilay Ovacikli, Patrik Pääjärvi, J. LeBlanc, J. Carlson
Blind adaptation with appropriate objective function results in enhancement of signal of interest. Skewness is chosen as a measure of impulsiveness for blind adaptation to enhance impacting sources arising from defective rolling bearings. Such impacting sources can be modelled with harmonically related sinusoids which leads to discovery of harmonic content with unknown fundamental frequency by skewness maximization. Interfering components that do not possess harmonic relation are simultaneously suppressed with proposed method. An experimental example on rolling bearing fault detection is given to illustrate the ability of skewness maximization in uncovering harmonic content.
{"title":"Uncovering harmonic content via skewness maximization - a Fourier analysis","authors":"Aziz Kubilay Ovacikli, Patrik Pääjärvi, J. LeBlanc, J. Carlson","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.44063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.44063","url":null,"abstract":"Blind adaptation with appropriate objective function results in enhancement of signal of interest. Skewness is chosen as a measure of impulsiveness for blind adaptation to enhance impacting sources arising from defective rolling bearings. Such impacting sources can be modelled with harmonically related sinusoids which leads to discovery of harmonic content with unknown fundamental frequency by skewness maximization. Interfering components that do not possess harmonic relation are simultaneously suppressed with proposed method. An experimental example on rolling bearing fault detection is given to illustrate the ability of skewness maximization in uncovering harmonic content.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121910999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryosuke Sugiura, Y. Kamamoto, N. Harada, H. Kameoka, T. Moriya
We have devised a method for representing frequency spectral envelopes with warped frequency resolution based on sparse non-negative matrices aiming at its use for frequency domain audio coding. With optimally prepared matrices, we can selectively control the resolution of spectral envelopes and enhance the coding efficiency. We show that the devised method can enhance the subjective quality of the state-of-the-art wide-band coder at 16 kbit/s at a cost of minor additional complexity. The method is therefore, expected to be useful for low-bit-rate and low-delay audio coder for mobile communications.
{"title":"Representation of spectral envelope with warped frequency resolution for audio coder","authors":"Ryosuke Sugiura, Y. Kamamoto, N. Harada, H. Kameoka, T. Moriya","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.43902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.43902","url":null,"abstract":"We have devised a method for representing frequency spectral envelopes with warped frequency resolution based on sparse non-negative matrices aiming at its use for frequency domain audio coding. With optimally prepared matrices, we can selectively control the resolution of spectral envelopes and enhance the coding efficiency. We show that the devised method can enhance the subjective quality of the state-of-the-art wide-band coder at 16 kbit/s at a cost of minor additional complexity. The method is therefore, expected to be useful for low-bit-rate and low-delay audio coder for mobile communications.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124966298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Piedade, Marco V. Bernardo, P. Fiadeiro, A. Pinheiro, Manuela Pereira
In this paper a study on the perceived quality that results of chromatic variations in 3D video is reported. The testing videos were represented in the CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) color space, and their colors were initially subdivided into clusters based on their similarity. Predefined chromatic errors were applied to these color clusters. These videos were shown to subjects that were asked to rank their quality based on the colors naturalness. The Mean Opinion Scores were computed and the sensibility to chromatic changes on 3D video was quantified. Moreover, attention maps were obtained and a short study on the changes of the visual saliency in the presence of these chromatic variations is also reported.
{"title":"Chromatic variations on 3D video and QoE","authors":"Daniel Piedade, Marco V. Bernardo, P. Fiadeiro, A. Pinheiro, Manuela Pereira","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.43931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.43931","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a study on the perceived quality that results of chromatic variations in 3D video is reported. The testing videos were represented in the CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) color space, and their colors were initially subdivided into clusters based on their similarity. Predefined chromatic errors were applied to these color clusters. These videos were shown to subjects that were asked to rank their quality based on the colors naturalness. The Mean Opinion Scores were computed and the sensibility to chromatic changes on 3D video was quantified. Moreover, attention maps were obtained and a short study on the changes of the visual saliency in the presence of these chromatic variations is also reported.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125065407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
George P. Kafentzis, Theodora Yakoumaki, A. Mouchtaris, Y. Stylianou
Processing of emotional (or expressive) speech has gained attention over recent years in the speech community due to its numerous applications. In this paper, an adaptive sinusoidal model (aSM), dubbed extended adaptive Quasi-Harmonic Model - eaQHM, is employed to analyze emotional speech in accurate, robust, continuous, timevarying parameters (amplitude, frequency, and phase). It is shown that these parameters can adequately and accurately represent emotional speech content. Using a well known database of narrowband expressive speech (SUSAS) we show that very high Signal-to-Reconstruction-Error Ratio (SRER) values can be obtained, compared to the standard sinusoidal model (SM). Formal listening tests on a smaller wideband speech database show that the eaQHM outperforms SM from a perceptual resynthesis quality point of view. Finally, preliminary emotion classification tests show that the parameters obtained from the adaptive model lead to a higher classification score, compared to the standard SM parameters.
{"title":"Analysis of emotional speech using an adaptive sinusoidal model","authors":"George P. Kafentzis, Theodora Yakoumaki, A. Mouchtaris, Y. Stylianou","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.44181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.44181","url":null,"abstract":"Processing of emotional (or expressive) speech has gained attention over recent years in the speech community due to its numerous applications. In this paper, an adaptive sinusoidal model (aSM), dubbed extended adaptive Quasi-Harmonic Model - eaQHM, is employed to analyze emotional speech in accurate, robust, continuous, timevarying parameters (amplitude, frequency, and phase). It is shown that these parameters can adequately and accurately represent emotional speech content. Using a well known database of narrowband expressive speech (SUSAS) we show that very high Signal-to-Reconstruction-Error Ratio (SRER) values can be obtained, compared to the standard sinusoidal model (SM). Formal listening tests on a smaller wideband speech database show that the eaQHM outperforms SM from a perceptual resynthesis quality point of view. Finally, preliminary emotion classification tests show that the parameters obtained from the adaptive model lead to a higher classification score, compared to the standard SM parameters.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123156106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a new approximate Bayesian estimator for hidden Potts-Markov random fields, with application to fast K-class image segmentation. The estimator is derived by conducting a small-variance-asymptotic analysis of an augmented Bayesian model in which the spatial regularisation and the integer-constrained terms of the Potts model are decoupled. This leads to a new image segmentation methodology that can be efficiently implemented in large 2D and 3D scenarios by using modern convex optimisation techniques. Experimental results on synthetic and real images as well as comparisons with state-of-the-art algorithms confirm that the proposed methodology converges extremely fast and produces accurate segmentation results in only few iterations.
{"title":"Small-variance asymptotics of hidden Potts-MRFS: Application to fast Bayesian image segmentation","authors":"M. Pereyra, S. Mclaughlin","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.43882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.43882","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new approximate Bayesian estimator for hidden Potts-Markov random fields, with application to fast K-class image segmentation. The estimator is derived by conducting a small-variance-asymptotic analysis of an augmented Bayesian model in which the spatial regularisation and the integer-constrained terms of the Potts model are decoupled. This leads to a new image segmentation methodology that can be efficiently implemented in large 2D and 3D scenarios by using modern convex optimisation techniques. Experimental results on synthetic and real images as well as comparisons with state-of-the-art algorithms confirm that the proposed methodology converges extremely fast and produces accurate segmentation results in only few iterations.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123281693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ganesh Venkatraman, Antti Tölli, Janne Janhunen, M. Juntti
The paper addresses user scheduling schemes for the multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) transmission with the objective of sum rate maximization (SRM) and the weighted counterpart in a single cell scenario. We propose a low complex product of independent projection displacements (PIPD) scheduling scheme, which performs the user selection for the MU-MIMO system with significantly lower complexity in comparison with the existing successive projections (SP) based designs. The PIPD scheme uses series of independent vector projections to evaluate the decision metrics. In addition, we also propose a heuristic algorithm of weighted scheduling, addressing the weighted sum rate maximization (WSRM) objective, which can be used with any scheduling algorithm. The performance of the weighted scheduling schemes are studied with the objective of minimizing the queues.
{"title":"Low complexity multiuser MIMO scheduling for weighted sum rate maximization","authors":"Ganesh Venkatraman, Antti Tölli, Janne Janhunen, M. Juntti","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.43888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.43888","url":null,"abstract":"The paper addresses user scheduling schemes for the multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) transmission with the objective of sum rate maximization (SRM) and the weighted counterpart in a single cell scenario. We propose a low complex product of independent projection displacements (PIPD) scheduling scheme, which performs the user selection for the MU-MIMO system with significantly lower complexity in comparison with the existing successive projections (SP) based designs. The PIPD scheme uses series of independent vector projections to evaluate the decision metrics. In addition, we also propose a heuristic algorithm of weighted scheduling, addressing the weighted sum rate maximization (WSRM) objective, which can be used with any scheduling algorithm. The performance of the weighted scheduling schemes are studied with the objective of minimizing the queues.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131961862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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