Shahrbanoo Hamel, N. Guyader, D. Pellerin, D. Houzet
Bottom-up saliency models have been developed to predict the location of gaze according to the low level features of visual scenes, such as intensity, color, frequency and motion. We investigate in this paper the contribution of color features in computing the bottom-up saliency. We incorporated a chrominance pathway to a luminance-based model (Marat et al. [1]). We evaluated the performance of the model with and without chrominance pathway. We added an efficient multi-GPU implementation of the chrominance pathway to the parallel implementation of the luminance-based model proposed by Rahman et al. [2], preserving real time solution. Results show that color information improves the performance of the saliency model in predicting eye positions.
自下而上的显著性模型是根据视觉场景的低层次特征，如强度、颜色、频率和运动来预测凝视的位置。本文研究了颜色特征在计算自底向上显著性中的作用。我们将色度途径纳入基于亮度的模型(Marat et al.[1])。我们评估了带有和不带有色度途径的模型的性能。我们在并行实现Rahman等人提出的基于亮度的模型的基础上增加了一种高效的多gpu色度路径实现，保持了实时解决方案。结果表明，颜色信息提高了显著性模型预测眼睛位置的性能。
{"title":"Color information in a model of saliency","authors":"Shahrbanoo Hamel, N. Guyader, D. Pellerin, D. Houzet","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.44191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.44191","url":null,"abstract":"Bottom-up saliency models have been developed to predict the location of gaze according to the low level features of visual scenes, such as intensity, color, frequency and motion. We investigate in this paper the contribution of color features in computing the bottom-up saliency. We incorporated a chrominance pathway to a luminance-based model (Marat et al. [1]). We evaluated the performance of the model with and without chrominance pathway. We added an efficient multi-GPU implementation of the chrominance pathway to the parallel implementation of the luminance-based model proposed by Rahman et al. [2], preserving real time solution. Results show that color information improves the performance of the saliency model in predicting eye positions.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114725572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we define a reversible tone mapping-operator (TMO) for efficient compression of High Dynamic Range (HDR) images using a Low Dynamic Range (LDR) encoder. In our compression scheme, the HDR image is tone mapped and encoded. The inverse tone curve is also encoded, so that the decoder can reconstruct the HDR image from the LDR version. Based on a statistical model of the encoder error and assumptions on the rate of the encoded LDR image, we find a closed form solution for the optimal tone curve with respect to the rate and the mean square error (MSE) of the reconstructed HDR image. It is shown that the proposed method gives superior compression performance compared to existing tone mapping operators.
{"title":"Rate distortion optimized tone curve for high dynamic range compression","authors":"Mikael Le Pendu, C. Guillemot, D. Thoreau","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.43894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.43894","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we define a reversible tone mapping-operator (TMO) for efficient compression of High Dynamic Range (HDR) images using a Low Dynamic Range (LDR) encoder. In our compression scheme, the HDR image is tone mapped and encoded. The inverse tone curve is also encoded, so that the decoder can reconstruct the HDR image from the LDR version. Based on a statistical model of the encoder error and assumptions on the rate of the encoded LDR image, we find a closed form solution for the optimal tone curve with respect to the rate and the mean square error (MSE) of the reconstructed HDR image. It is shown that the proposed method gives superior compression performance compared to existing tone mapping operators.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116939597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomas Dekens, Heidi Martens, Gwen Van Nuffelen, M. Bodt, W. Verhelst
In this paper we propose a new algorithm to detect vowels in a speech utterance and infer the rate at which speech was produced. To achieve this we determine a smooth trajectory that corresponds to a high frequency energy envelope, modulated by the low frequency energy content. Peak picking performed on this trajectory gives an estimate of the number of vowels in the utterance. To dispose of falsely detected vowels, a peak pruning post-processing step is incorporated. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is more accurate than the two speech rate determination algorithms on which it was inspired.
{"title":"Speech rate determination by vowel detection on the modulated energy envelope","authors":"Tomas Dekens, Heidi Martens, Gwen Van Nuffelen, M. Bodt, W. Verhelst","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.43864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.43864","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we propose a new algorithm to detect vowels in a speech utterance and infer the rate at which speech was produced. To achieve this we determine a smooth trajectory that corresponds to a high frequency energy envelope, modulated by the low frequency energy content. Peak picking performed on this trajectory gives an estimate of the number of vowels in the utterance. To dispose of falsely detected vowels, a peak pruning post-processing step is incorporated. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is more accurate than the two speech rate determination algorithms on which it was inspired.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124843854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The problem of correlation detection of multivariate Gaussian observations is considered. The problem is formulated as a binary hypothesis test, where the null hypothesis corresponds to a diagonal correlation matrix with possibly different diagonal entries, whereas the alternative would be associated to any other form of positive covariance. Using tools from random matrix theory, we study the asymptotic behavior of the Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) under both hypothesis, assuming that both the sample size and the observation dimension tend to infinity at the same rate. It is shown that the GLRT statistic always converges to a Gaussian distribution, although the asymptotic mean and variance will strongly depend the actual hypothesis. Numerical simulations demonstrate the superiority of the proposed asymptotic description in situations where the sample size is not much larger than the observation dimension.
{"title":"Correlation test for high dimensional data with application to signal detection in sensor networks","authors":"X. Mestre, P. Vallet, W. Hachem","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.44037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.44037","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of correlation detection of multivariate Gaussian observations is considered. The problem is formulated as a binary hypothesis test, where the null hypothesis corresponds to a diagonal correlation matrix with possibly different diagonal entries, whereas the alternative would be associated to any other form of positive covariance. Using tools from random matrix theory, we study the asymptotic behavior of the Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) under both hypothesis, assuming that both the sample size and the observation dimension tend to infinity at the same rate. It is shown that the GLRT statistic always converges to a Gaussian distribution, although the asymptotic mean and variance will strongly depend the actual hypothesis. Numerical simulations demonstrate the superiority of the proposed asymptotic description in situations where the sample size is not much larger than the observation dimension.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129672973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A study of the effect of co-channel interference (CCI) on the performance of opportunistic multi-relay amplify-and-forward cooperative communication network is presented. Precisely, we consider the CCI exists at both relays and destination nodes. Exact equivalent end-to-end signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) is derived. Then, closed-form expressions for both cumulative distribution function (CDF) and probability density function (PDF) of the received SINR at the destination node are obtained. The derived expressions are used to measure the asymptotic outage probability of the system. Numerical results and Matlab simulations are also provided to sustain the correctness of the analytical calculations.
{"title":"Performance analysis of the opportunistic multi-relay network with co-channel interference","authors":"J. Hussein, S. Ikki, S. Boussakta, C. Tsimenidis","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.44111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.44111","url":null,"abstract":"A study of the effect of co-channel interference (CCI) on the performance of opportunistic multi-relay amplify-and-forward cooperative communication network is presented. Precisely, we consider the CCI exists at both relays and destination nodes. Exact equivalent end-to-end signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) is derived. Then, closed-form expressions for both cumulative distribution function (CDF) and probability density function (PDF) of the received SINR at the destination node are obtained. The derived expressions are used to measure the asymptotic outage probability of the system. Numerical results and Matlab simulations are also provided to sustain the correctness of the analytical calculations.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125312211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays, walkers are prescribed based on subjective standards that lead to incorrect indication of such devices to patients. This leads to the increase of dissatisfaction and occurrence of discomfort and fall events. Therefore, it is necessary to objectively evaluate the effects that walker can have on the gait patterns of its users, comparatively to non-assisted gait. A gait analysis, focusing on spatiotemporal and kinematics parameters, will be issued for this purpose. However, gait analysis yields redundant information and this study addresses this problem by selecting the most relevant gait features required to differentiate between assisted and non-assisted gait. In order to do this, it is proposed an approach that combines multi-objective genetic and support vector machine algorithms to discriminate differences. Results with healthy subjects have shown that the main differences are characterized by balance and joints excursion. Thus, one can conclude that this technique is an efficient feature selection approach.
{"title":"Gait feature selection in walker-assisted gait using NSGA-II and SVM hybrid algorithm","authors":"M. Martins, C. Santos, L. Costa, A. Frizera-Neto","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.43946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.43946","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, walkers are prescribed based on subjective standards that lead to incorrect indication of such devices to patients. This leads to the increase of dissatisfaction and occurrence of discomfort and fall events. Therefore, it is necessary to objectively evaluate the effects that walker can have on the gait patterns of its users, comparatively to non-assisted gait. A gait analysis, focusing on spatiotemporal and kinematics parameters, will be issued for this purpose. However, gait analysis yields redundant information and this study addresses this problem by selecting the most relevant gait features required to differentiate between assisted and non-assisted gait. In order to do this, it is proposed an approach that combines multi-objective genetic and support vector machine algorithms to discriminate differences. Results with healthy subjects have shown that the main differences are characterized by balance and joints excursion. Thus, one can conclude that this technique is an efficient feature selection approach.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127727595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With recent advances in surround sound technology, an increased interest is shown in the problem of virtual sound reproduction. However, the performance of existing surround sound systems are degraded by factors like room reverberation and listener movements. In this paper, we develop a novel approach to spatial sound reproduction in reverberant environments, where room reverberation is constructively incorporated with the direct source signals to recreate a virtual reality. We also show that the array of monopole loudspeakers required for reproduction can be clustered together in a small spatial region away from the listening area, which in turn enables the array's practical implementation via a single loudspeaker unit with multiple drivers.
{"title":"Room reflections assisted spatial sound field reproduction","authors":"P. Samarasinghe, T. Abhayapala, M. Poletti","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.44211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.44211","url":null,"abstract":"With recent advances in surround sound technology, an increased interest is shown in the problem of virtual sound reproduction. However, the performance of existing surround sound systems are degraded by factors like room reverberation and listener movements. In this paper, we develop a novel approach to spatial sound reproduction in reverberant environments, where room reverberation is constructively incorporated with the direct source signals to recreate a virtual reality. We also show that the array of monopole loudspeakers required for reproduction can be clustered together in a small spatial region away from the listening area, which in turn enables the array's practical implementation via a single loudspeaker unit with multiple drivers.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116731274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a well suited and widely used method for monaural sound source separation. It has been shown, that an additional cost term supporting temporal continuity can improve the separation quality [1]. We extend this model by adding a cost term, that penalizes large variations in the spectral dimension. We propose two different cost terms for this purpose and also propose a new cost term for temporal continuity. We evaluate these cost terms on different mixtures of samples of pitched instruments, drum sounds and other acoustical signals. Our results show, that penalizing large spectral variations can improve separation quality. The results also show, that our alternative temporal continuity cost term leads to better separation results than the temporal continuity cost term proposed in [1].
{"title":"NMF with spectral and temporal continuity criteria for monaural sound source separation","authors":"J. Becker, Christian Sohn, Christian Rohlfing","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.43854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.43854","url":null,"abstract":"Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a well suited and widely used method for monaural sound source separation. It has been shown, that an additional cost term supporting temporal continuity can improve the separation quality [1]. We extend this model by adding a cost term, that penalizes large variations in the spectral dimension. We propose two different cost terms for this purpose and also propose a new cost term for temporal continuity. We evaluate these cost terms on different mixtures of samples of pitched instruments, drum sounds and other acoustical signals. Our results show, that penalizing large spectral variations can improve separation quality. The results also show, that our alternative temporal continuity cost term leads to better separation results than the temporal continuity cost term proposed in [1].","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125724800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Ayllón, R. Gil-Pita, M. Utrilla-Manso, M. Rosa-Zurera
A computationally-efficient single-channel speech enhancement algorithm to improve intelligibility in monaural hearing aids is presented in this paper. The algorithm combines a novel set of features with a simple supervised machine learning technique to estimate the frequency-domain Wiener filter for noise reduction, using extremely low computational resources. Results show a noticeable intelligibility improvement in terms of PESQ score and SNRESI, even for low input SNR, using only a 7% of the computational resources available in a state-of-the-art commercial hearing aid. The performance of the algorithm is comparable to the performance of current algorithms that use more computationally complex features and learning schemas.
{"title":"A computationally-efficient single-channel speech enhancement algorithm for monaural hearing aids","authors":"D. Ayllón, R. Gil-Pita, M. Utrilla-Manso, M. Rosa-Zurera","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.43843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.43843","url":null,"abstract":"A computationally-efficient single-channel speech enhancement algorithm to improve intelligibility in monaural hearing aids is presented in this paper. The algorithm combines a novel set of features with a simple supervised machine learning technique to estimate the frequency-domain Wiener filter for noise reduction, using extremely low computational resources. Results show a noticeable intelligibility improvement in terms of PESQ score and SNRESI, even for low input SNR, using only a 7% of the computational resources available in a state-of-the-art commercial hearing aid. The performance of the algorithm is comparable to the performance of current algorithms that use more computationally complex features and learning schemas.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134215751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Elwekeil, M. Alghoniemy, O. Muta, A. A. El-Rahman, H. Furukawa, H. Gačanin
In this paper, an optimization model for solving the channel assignment problem in multi-cell WLANs is proposed. This model is based on maximizing the minimum distance between access points (APs) that work on the same channel. The proposed model is formulated in the form of a mixed integer linear program (MILP). The main advantage of the proposed algorithm is that it ensures non-overlapping channel assignment with no overhead power measurements. The proposed channel assignment algorithm can be implemented within practical time frames for different topology sizes. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm exhibits better performance than that of the pick-first greedy algorithm and the single channel assignment method.
{"title":"A maxmin model for solving channel assignment problem in IEEE 802.11 networks","authors":"Mohamed Elwekeil, M. Alghoniemy, O. Muta, A. A. El-Rahman, H. Furukawa, H. Gačanin","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.43948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.43948","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an optimization model for solving the channel assignment problem in multi-cell WLANs is proposed. This model is based on maximizing the minimum distance between access points (APs) that work on the same channel. The proposed model is formulated in the form of a mixed integer linear program (MILP). The main advantage of the proposed algorithm is that it ensures non-overlapping channel assignment with no overhead power measurements. The proposed channel assignment algorithm can be implemented within practical time frames for different topology sizes. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm exhibits better performance than that of the pick-first greedy algorithm and the single channel assignment method.","PeriodicalId":198408,"journal":{"name":"2014 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130955441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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