Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.1080/14786435.2023.2248041
Ying-Min Wang, Wantong Zhao, Jialin Song, Dianguo Ma, J. Qiang, C. Dong, S. Mi
ABSTRACT A new sort of nanoporous palladium has been synthesised by electrochemical dealloying icosahedral Al72Pd20Mn8 quasicrystal. A nanoporous cell-like pattern is formed in the dealloyed samples, with a mean pole size of 8 nm and a cell wall thickness of ∼ 5 nm. The quasicrystal grains decompose into randomly orientated FCC Pd(Al) nanocrystals in the initial stage of dealloying, which assumes a prior mechanism accounting for the final microstructure size. The nanoporous palladium exhibits evident electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of ethanol and methanol in alkaline environment, and demonstrates the possible application as a cathode material in Li-O2 batteries.
{"title":"Nanoporous palladium synthesised by dealloying Al72Pd20Mn8 quasicrystal for electrochemical applications","authors":"Ying-Min Wang, Wantong Zhao, Jialin Song, Dianguo Ma, J. Qiang, C. Dong, S. Mi","doi":"10.1080/14786435.2023.2248041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2023.2248041","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A new sort of nanoporous palladium has been synthesised by electrochemical dealloying icosahedral Al72Pd20Mn8 quasicrystal. A nanoporous cell-like pattern is formed in the dealloyed samples, with a mean pole size of 8 nm and a cell wall thickness of ∼ 5 nm. The quasicrystal grains decompose into randomly orientated FCC Pd(Al) nanocrystals in the initial stage of dealloying, which assumes a prior mechanism accounting for the final microstructure size. The nanoporous palladium exhibits evident electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of ethanol and methanol in alkaline environment, and demonstrates the possible application as a cathode material in Li-O2 batteries.","PeriodicalId":19856,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine","volume":"118 1","pages":"1842 - 1854"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81392940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-19DOI: 10.1080/14786435.2023.2224090
Yue Xu, Jiansheng Liu
ABSTRACT Hot deformation of 12%Cr USC rotor steel was investigated by hot compression testing over a temperature range of 900 °C to 1,200 °C at strain rates of 0.001 s−1–1 s−1 with the use of a Gleeble–1500D thermal-mechanical simulator. The true stress–strain curves were obtained and showed that the stress increased with a decrease in temperature, an increase in strain rate, or both. Based on the stress–strain curves, processing maps of 12%Cr USC rotor steel under various strains were established, and the Zener-Hollomon (Z) parameter was calculated, it increased with decreasing temperature or increasing strain rate. Combining the values of the Z parameter and the microstructure after thermal compression, it was found that dynamic recovery was the main softening mechanism at lnZ > 39.09, and dynamic recrystallisation (DRX) became the main softening mechanism at 39.09 > lnZ > 32.56. When lnZ < 32.56, DRX occurred completely, and a small amount of recrystallised grains formed. The deformed microstructures showed that 12%Cr USC rotor steel incurred a continuous dynamic recrystallisation mechanism, a discontinuous dynamic recrystallisation mechanism, and a geometric dynamic recrystallisation mechanism during the hot deformation process. The intrinsic workability of 12%Cr USC rotor steel was explored by analysing the processing maps. It was found that the best forging process parameters range of the material in the actual production process was a deformation temperature range of 1,100 °C to 1,200 °C and a strain-rate range of 0.01 s−1–0.1 s−1.
{"title":"Dynamic recrystallisation behaviour and intrinsic workability of 12%Cr USC rotor steel during hot deformation","authors":"Yue Xu, Jiansheng Liu","doi":"10.1080/14786435.2023.2224090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2023.2224090","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Hot deformation of 12%Cr USC rotor steel was investigated by hot compression testing over a temperature range of 900 °C to 1,200 °C at strain rates of 0.001 s−1–1 s−1 with the use of a Gleeble–1500D thermal-mechanical simulator. The true stress–strain curves were obtained and showed that the stress increased with a decrease in temperature, an increase in strain rate, or both. Based on the stress–strain curves, processing maps of 12%Cr USC rotor steel under various strains were established, and the Zener-Hollomon (Z) parameter was calculated, it increased with decreasing temperature or increasing strain rate. Combining the values of the Z parameter and the microstructure after thermal compression, it was found that dynamic recovery was the main softening mechanism at lnZ > 39.09, and dynamic recrystallisation (DRX) became the main softening mechanism at 39.09 > lnZ > 32.56. When lnZ < 32.56, DRX occurred completely, and a small amount of recrystallised grains formed. The deformed microstructures showed that 12%Cr USC rotor steel incurred a continuous dynamic recrystallisation mechanism, a discontinuous dynamic recrystallisation mechanism, and a geometric dynamic recrystallisation mechanism during the hot deformation process. The intrinsic workability of 12%Cr USC rotor steel was explored by analysing the processing maps. It was found that the best forging process parameters range of the material in the actual production process was a deformation temperature range of 1,100 °C to 1,200 °C and a strain-rate range of 0.01 s−1–0.1 s−1.","PeriodicalId":19856,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine","volume":"1 1","pages":"1603 - 1625"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83708478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.1080/14786435.2023.2246019
P. Dwivedi, R. Vinjamuri, K. Dutta
ABSTRACT Uniaxial ratcheting behaviours associated with microstructural development of unpeened and laser shock peened ASTM A 588 Grade D High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steel were studied in this investigation. The mechanism of plastic deformation and crystallographic texture evolution during ratcheting was also studied. For this, the primary experimental works involved were stress-controlled ratcheting fatigue tests (on unpeened/laser-peened specimens) at room temperature. Followed by this, microstructure and texture evolution on the surfaces and/or cross sections of the deformed specimens, using electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) were studied in detail. Additionally, the substructural evolution of some selected samples was also studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated that the average grain size of all the unpeened ratcheted specimens was marginally reduced after fatigue tests. The laser-peened specimen, however, showed a marginal increase in average grain size after ratcheting. Continuous dynamic recovery and recrystallisation (CDRR) during ratcheting was thought to be the cause of the observed reduction in average grain size in unpeened specimens, whereas continuous dynamic recrystallisation (CDRX) was believed to be the controlling factor for marginal accretion of grain size in laser-peened specimens. The plastic deformation of investigated steel was qualitatively explained by the observed dislocation patterns and their evolution.
{"title":"Microstructure-crystallographic texture and substructure evolution in unpeened and laser shock peened HSLA steel upon ratcheting deformation","authors":"P. Dwivedi, R. Vinjamuri, K. Dutta","doi":"10.1080/14786435.2023.2246019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2023.2246019","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Uniaxial ratcheting behaviours associated with microstructural development of unpeened and laser shock peened ASTM A 588 Grade D High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steel were studied in this investigation. The mechanism of plastic deformation and crystallographic texture evolution during ratcheting was also studied. For this, the primary experimental works involved were stress-controlled ratcheting fatigue tests (on unpeened/laser-peened specimens) at room temperature. Followed by this, microstructure and texture evolution on the surfaces and/or cross sections of the deformed specimens, using electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) were studied in detail. Additionally, the substructural evolution of some selected samples was also studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated that the average grain size of all the unpeened ratcheted specimens was marginally reduced after fatigue tests. The laser-peened specimen, however, showed a marginal increase in average grain size after ratcheting. Continuous dynamic recovery and recrystallisation (CDRR) during ratcheting was thought to be the cause of the observed reduction in average grain size in unpeened specimens, whereas continuous dynamic recrystallisation (CDRX) was believed to be the controlling factor for marginal accretion of grain size in laser-peened specimens. The plastic deformation of investigated steel was qualitatively explained by the observed dislocation patterns and their evolution.","PeriodicalId":19856,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78467276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-13DOI: 10.1080/14786435.2023.2240239
R. Alekberov, S. Mekhtiyeva, S. Mammadov
ABSTRACT The local structure and glass transition of Ge-As-Se, Ge-As-Se-Schalcogenide glasses have been studied by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. By applying the theory of topological constraints and considering chemically ordered network models, it has been determined that Ge10As20S10Se60 (average coordination number = 2.4), Ge25As10S25Se40 ( = 2.6) are the compositions associated with the more stable glasses. This result is related to the larger differences between the glass transition (Tg ) and crystallization-transition (Tcr ) temperatures (ΔTg-cr ∼ 38 and 43 K) at these compositions. Relatively high values of short-range (d∼5.7–6.34 Å) and medium-range (L∼26.59–33.74 Å) order parameters of the local structure in the glass compositions satisfying the mentioned conditions affect the glass-transition temperature (Tg ) and cause its value to increase (Tg ∼589–689 K). As a result of comparative analyses of X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry curves it has been determined that there is a correlation between the glass-transition temperature (Tg ) with the short range (d) and medium range order (L) parameters of the local structure.
{"title":"Study of correlations between glass-transition temperature and local structure of Ge-As-Se, Ge-As-Se-S chalcogenide glasses","authors":"R. Alekberov, S. Mekhtiyeva, S. Mammadov","doi":"10.1080/14786435.2023.2240239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2023.2240239","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The local structure and glass transition of Ge-As-Se, Ge-As-Se-Schalcogenide glasses have been studied by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. By applying the theory of topological constraints and considering chemically ordered network models, it has been determined that Ge10As20S10Se60 (average coordination number = 2.4), Ge25As10S25Se40 ( = 2.6) are the compositions associated with the more stable glasses. This result is related to the larger differences between the glass transition (Tg ) and crystallization-transition (Tcr ) temperatures (ΔTg-cr ∼ 38 and 43 K) at these compositions. Relatively high values of short-range (d∼5.7–6.34 Å) and medium-range (L∼26.59–33.74 Å) order parameters of the local structure in the glass compositions satisfying the mentioned conditions affect the glass-transition temperature (Tg ) and cause its value to increase (Tg ∼589–689 K). As a result of comparative analyses of X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry curves it has been determined that there is a correlation between the glass-transition temperature (Tg ) with the short range (d) and medium range order (L) parameters of the local structure.","PeriodicalId":19856,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine","volume":"32 1","pages":"1828 - 1841"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73483431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.1080/14786435.2023.2243831
T. Abe, N. Miyazawa, S. Onaka
ABSTRACT An impact test was conducted on a single crystal of an Fe–3mass%Al alloy with a bcc structure. Microstructural changes in the sheared regions resulting from the impact test were examined. Deformation twinning was observed, with the twinning plane and the twinning shear direction . The conjugate twinning direction of this mode was discussed. Considering the shear direction required to induce deformation twinning, it can be concluded that is appropriate for the twinning mode in the Fe–3mass%Al.
{"title":"Occurrence of {332}⟨113̅⟩ deformation twinning in a single crystal of an Fe–3mass%Al alloy","authors":"T. Abe, N. Miyazawa, S. Onaka","doi":"10.1080/14786435.2023.2243831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2023.2243831","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT An impact test was conducted on a single crystal of an Fe–3mass%Al alloy with a bcc structure. Microstructural changes in the sheared regions resulting from the impact test were examined. Deformation twinning was observed, with the twinning plane and the twinning shear direction . The conjugate twinning direction of this mode was discussed. Considering the shear direction required to induce deformation twinning, it can be concluded that is appropriate for the twinning mode in the Fe–3mass%Al.","PeriodicalId":19856,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine","volume":"40 1","pages":"1897 - 1910"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86560474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.1080/14786435.2023.2243451
E. S. Hakobyan, D. Baghdasaryan, E. Kazaryan, P. Mantashyan, D. Hayrapetyan
ABSTRACT This paper presents a theoretical investigation of nonlinear properties of coupled quantum dots in the peanut configuration. A complete Hamiltonian is formulated using the adiabatic method and the confinement energy is represented in a cylindrical coordinate system. The effective energy for the slow subsystem is analysed and graphed as a function of a fixed value of axial coordinate for both the asymmetric and symmetric peanut QD cases. The electron motion in the presence of an electric field in the vertical direction is considered, and the eigenfunctions and energy spectrum of electron motion are determined for the same direction utilising the finite element method. The dependence of the first three energy levels on the electric field is shown, and the electron probability density for the ground state and the first excited state is plotted. In addition, calculations for the nonlinear optical properties are presented, particularly optical rectification, second harmonic generation and third harmonic generation. The results demonstrate that these properties can be effectively controlled by varying the external electric field. The findings suggest that coupled peanut QDs hold significant potential for applications in high-performance optoelectronic devices.
{"title":"Nonlinear optical properties of coupled quantum dots in peanut configuration","authors":"E. S. Hakobyan, D. Baghdasaryan, E. Kazaryan, P. Mantashyan, D. Hayrapetyan","doi":"10.1080/14786435.2023.2243451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2023.2243451","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents a theoretical investigation of nonlinear properties of coupled quantum dots in the peanut configuration. A complete Hamiltonian is formulated using the adiabatic method and the confinement energy is represented in a cylindrical coordinate system. The effective energy for the slow subsystem is analysed and graphed as a function of a fixed value of axial coordinate for both the asymmetric and symmetric peanut QD cases. The electron motion in the presence of an electric field in the vertical direction is considered, and the eigenfunctions and energy spectrum of electron motion are determined for the same direction utilising the finite element method. The dependence of the first three energy levels on the electric field is shown, and the electron probability density for the ground state and the first excited state is plotted. In addition, calculations for the nonlinear optical properties are presented, particularly optical rectification, second harmonic generation and third harmonic generation. The results demonstrate that these properties can be effectively controlled by varying the external electric field. The findings suggest that coupled peanut QDs hold significant potential for applications in high-performance optoelectronic devices.","PeriodicalId":19856,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine","volume":"67 1","pages":"1911 - 1926"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89293360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.1080/14786435.2023.2241378
Xinghai Yang, Junsheng Wang, C. Xue, Shuo Wang, Guangyuan Tian, Xingxing Li, Yuxuan Zhang, X. Chang, Xiaoguang Liu
ABSTRACT It is well known that a Cu/Li ratio over 4.0 leads to significant precipitation hardening in the third generation of Al–Li alloys, which have been widely used in aerospace and aeronautic industries. However, increasing Cu levels not only cancels some gains in weight reduction but also results in reductions in ductility when the traditional age-hardening process is adopted. In this study, we show that higher strength and ductility can be achieved simultaneously by replacing traditional artificial aging with new creep aging and tailoring the entire process from casting to age hardening without changing any nominal chemical compositions. Surprisingly, the precipitation kinetics of AA2060 alloy is significantly enhanced through the combination of hot extrusion, creep aging, and pre-strain compared to traditional artificial aging. For example, at 160°C, it follows the transformation path of supersaturated solid solution (SSSS)→GP zones + δ′+T1 precursors which will further transform into T1 +S’; at 200°C, SSS→ GP zones, and they transform into T1 + S’ immediately. The precipitation of θ′ and δ′ phases is significantly inhibited at elevated temperatures due to the competing relationship with T1 and S’ phases at a peak-aged state. Contrary to traditional knowledge in Al–Li alloys, we have found that the greater extrusion ratio at 33.0 and higher aging temperature at 200°C can give a much higher peak aging strength with average ultimate tensile strength 659 MPa.
{"title":"Accelerating the precipitation kinetics of nano-sized T1 and S’ phases in Al-Cu-Li alloys by hot-deformation and creep-aging","authors":"Xinghai Yang, Junsheng Wang, C. Xue, Shuo Wang, Guangyuan Tian, Xingxing Li, Yuxuan Zhang, X. Chang, Xiaoguang Liu","doi":"10.1080/14786435.2023.2241378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2023.2241378","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT It is well known that a Cu/Li ratio over 4.0 leads to significant precipitation hardening in the third generation of Al–Li alloys, which have been widely used in aerospace and aeronautic industries. However, increasing Cu levels not only cancels some gains in weight reduction but also results in reductions in ductility when the traditional age-hardening process is adopted. In this study, we show that higher strength and ductility can be achieved simultaneously by replacing traditional artificial aging with new creep aging and tailoring the entire process from casting to age hardening without changing any nominal chemical compositions. Surprisingly, the precipitation kinetics of AA2060 alloy is significantly enhanced through the combination of hot extrusion, creep aging, and pre-strain compared to traditional artificial aging. For example, at 160°C, it follows the transformation path of supersaturated solid solution (SSSS)→GP zones + δ′+T1 precursors which will further transform into T1 +S’; at 200°C, SSS→ GP zones, and they transform into T1 + S’ immediately. The precipitation of θ′ and δ′ phases is significantly inhibited at elevated temperatures due to the competing relationship with T1 and S’ phases at a peak-aged state. Contrary to traditional knowledge in Al–Li alloys, we have found that the greater extrusion ratio at 33.0 and higher aging temperature at 200°C can give a much higher peak aging strength with average ultimate tensile strength 659 MPa.","PeriodicalId":19856,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine","volume":"28 1","pages":"1927 - 1967"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83492620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.1080/14786435.2023.2241019
Vikesh Kumar, C. Pruncu, Yaping Wang, C. Figueroa, I. Singh, S. Hosmani
ABSTRACT The study investigates the impact of microstructure modifications on the corrosion, passivation, and plasma-nitriding behaviour of 316L steel. Microstructure modifications are achieved through the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process and surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). Three scanning strategies (concerning the orientation of the sample surface with scanning directions) are used in the L-PBF process, and the corresponding samples are labelled as HNS (0°), INS (45°), and VNS (90°). The scanning strategies have altered the average grain size (maximum for HNS and minimum for VNS) and porosity (HNS has the highest). Porosity disappears after SMAT. The surface of the SMATed specimen (VS) has equiaxed austenite nanograins (∼32 nm) with a fine distribution of α’-martensite, nanotwins, and high dislocation density. Microstructure affects the passivation, corrosion, and nitriding behaviour of the steel. The VNS has the lowest corrosion rate, decreasing further after SMAT. The SMATed sample exhibits the lowest nitrided layer thickness (∼65 μm). SMAT followed by nitriding causes a gradient-structured layer (with improved hardness) consisting of a nitrided layer, SMATed layer, and core. The nitrided HNS sample (∼78 μm thick nitrided layer) is dominated by γ’-Fe4N, while the nitrided VNS and VS samples have a relatively higher proportion of expanded austenite.
{"title":"The role of microstructure modifications on electrochemical and plasma-nitriding behaviour of 316L steel produced by laser powder bed fusion","authors":"Vikesh Kumar, C. Pruncu, Yaping Wang, C. Figueroa, I. Singh, S. Hosmani","doi":"10.1080/14786435.2023.2241019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2023.2241019","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study investigates the impact of microstructure modifications on the corrosion, passivation, and plasma-nitriding behaviour of 316L steel. Microstructure modifications are achieved through the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process and surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). Three scanning strategies (concerning the orientation of the sample surface with scanning directions) are used in the L-PBF process, and the corresponding samples are labelled as HNS (0°), INS (45°), and VNS (90°). The scanning strategies have altered the average grain size (maximum for HNS and minimum for VNS) and porosity (HNS has the highest). Porosity disappears after SMAT. The surface of the SMATed specimen (VS) has equiaxed austenite nanograins (∼32 nm) with a fine distribution of α’-martensite, nanotwins, and high dislocation density. Microstructure affects the passivation, corrosion, and nitriding behaviour of the steel. The VNS has the lowest corrosion rate, decreasing further after SMAT. The SMATed sample exhibits the lowest nitrided layer thickness (∼65 μm). SMAT followed by nitriding causes a gradient-structured layer (with improved hardness) consisting of a nitrided layer, SMATed layer, and core. The nitrided HNS sample (∼78 μm thick nitrided layer) is dominated by γ’-Fe4N, while the nitrided VNS and VS samples have a relatively higher proportion of expanded austenite.","PeriodicalId":19856,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine","volume":"501 1","pages":"1855 - 1896"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77821298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1080/14786435.2023.2238231
Gyan Shankar, S. Sanandiya, L. Barrales-Mora, S. Suwas
ABSTRACT The present work is aimed at examining the effect of solid solution on the development of recrystallization microstructure and texture in FCC materials where SFE remains unchanged on alloying addition. To elucidate the mechanisms of texture formation during recrystallization, pure Ni and Ni-Fe (20 and 40 wt.% Fe) alloys were investigated. After recrystallization, pure Ni showed a cube and a non-uniform α-fibre texture, whereas the Ni-Fe alloys showed a texture characterised by the rotated cube component, brass recrystallization (BR) orientation, and a non-uniform α-fibre. Addition of Fe to pure Ni has led to some fine differences in the recrystallization texture that have been attributed to the role of highly heterogeneous deformed microstructure in the Ni-Fe system because of alloying. However, in all the cases Cu-oriented grains are prone to early recrystallization due to relatively more heterogeneously deformed regions, whereas deformed grains having orientation <110> || ND have shown slow recrystallization. In all cases, the entire stage of recrystallization is dominated by the formation of annealing twin (Σ3) boundary. The mobility of these twin boundaries plays an important role in the evolution of the recrystallization texture, which in turn, depends on its coherency, i.e. grain boundary plane (K1) of twin boundaries. The mechanism of evolution of recrystallization texture and the role of different deformation features during recrystallization is investigated. The cellular automata simulation technique was used to simulate the recrystallization behaviour of the alloys. The simulation results were used to discuss experimental observations.
{"title":"Evolution of recrystallization texture in nickel-iron alloys: experiments and simulations","authors":"Gyan Shankar, S. Sanandiya, L. Barrales-Mora, S. Suwas","doi":"10.1080/14786435.2023.2238231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2023.2238231","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present work is aimed at examining the effect of solid solution on the development of recrystallization microstructure and texture in FCC materials where SFE remains unchanged on alloying addition. To elucidate the mechanisms of texture formation during recrystallization, pure Ni and Ni-Fe (20 and 40 wt.% Fe) alloys were investigated. After recrystallization, pure Ni showed a cube and a non-uniform α-fibre texture, whereas the Ni-Fe alloys showed a texture characterised by the rotated cube component, brass recrystallization (BR) orientation, and a non-uniform α-fibre. Addition of Fe to pure Ni has led to some fine differences in the recrystallization texture that have been attributed to the role of highly heterogeneous deformed microstructure in the Ni-Fe system because of alloying. However, in all the cases Cu-oriented grains are prone to early recrystallization due to relatively more heterogeneously deformed regions, whereas deformed grains having orientation <110> || ND have shown slow recrystallization. In all cases, the entire stage of recrystallization is dominated by the formation of annealing twin (Σ3) boundary. The mobility of these twin boundaries plays an important role in the evolution of the recrystallization texture, which in turn, depends on its coherency, i.e. grain boundary plane (K1) of twin boundaries. The mechanism of evolution of recrystallization texture and the role of different deformation features during recrystallization is investigated. The cellular automata simulation technique was used to simulate the recrystallization behaviour of the alloys. The simulation results were used to discuss experimental observations.","PeriodicalId":19856,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine","volume":"1 1","pages":"1787 - 1827"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81068463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1080/14786435.2023.2236043
M. Nejati, M. Solaimani, Sanaz Azizi
ABSTRACT In this work, we study the electromagnetic bandgaps and passbands of some fixed-length Thue-Morse plasma/dielectric/superconductor photonic band multilayers. we consider vanadium (V) as a low-temperature superconductor and investigate the effect of the refractive index of the dielectric, the length of the photonic crystal length, the number of layers, plasma density, and the temperature of the superconductor on the transmission spectrum of the photonic crystal. In the second part, we consider copper oxide calcium barium mercury as a high-temperature superconductor, and similar to the first part, we examine the effect of the mentioned factors on the transmission spectrum. Finally, we investigate the high and low-temperature superconductivities by comparing and examining the above-mentioned parameters for these structures in a fixed-length configuration.
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