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Enhancing Virtual Teaching and Learning through Connectivism in University Classrooms 运用连接主义促进大学课堂虚拟教学
Pub Date : 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.5430/jct.v12n4p116
B. Omodan, Nomxolisi Mtsi, Pretty Thandiswa Mpiti
It is argued that teaching and learning in the 21st century rely heavily on technology, especially in university classrooms. This theoretical paper contends that for students to be successful in university classrooms in the 21st century, both lecturers and students should effectively resonate with technology. This paradigm shift is not without one or two challenges which must be addressed since teaching and learning through technology has come to stay. Therefore, this study presents the proponent of connectivism theory to enhance virtual teaching and learning in university classrooms. The study is located within a transformative worldview and derives its argument from a theoretical viewpoint by positioning connectivism as a tool to enhance teaching and learning in 21st-century university classrooms. Conceptual analysis was employed to argue the place of connectivism as a tool to enhance virtual classrooms in universities. The connectivism theory was presented, and its assumptions were argued in relation to how it could be integrated into university classrooms. The study concludes that the diversity of nodes' interconnections, coherence of things and adaptation to constant change are dimensions that could enhance virtual classrooms. Therefore, concerted efforts of both lecturers and students in universities to improve these dimensions to transform virtual space in university classrooms.
有人认为,21世纪的教与学在很大程度上依赖于技术,尤其是在大学课堂上。这篇理论论文认为,为了让学生在21世纪的大学课堂上取得成功,教师和学生都应该有效地与技术产生共鸣。这种模式的转变并非没有一两个必须解决的挑战,因为通过技术进行教学和学习已经成为现实。因此,本研究提出连结主义理论来提升大学课堂的虚拟教与学。本研究立足于变革的世界观,并从理论角度出发,将联结主义定位为21世纪大学课堂中加强教与学的工具。本文采用概念分析来论证连接主义作为增强大学虚拟课堂的工具的地位。提出了联系主义理论,并就如何将其融入大学课堂进行了论证。研究得出结论,节点互联的多样性、事物的一致性和对不断变化的适应性是可以增强虚拟教室的维度。因此,大学教师和学生共同努力,提高这些维度来改造大学课堂中的虚拟空间。
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引用次数: 0
The Billion Oyster Project and Curriculum and Community Enterprise for Restoration Science Curriculum: ITEST Program Impacts on NYC School Student Scientific Identity 十亿牡蛎项目、课程和社区企业恢复科学课程:ITEST计划对纽约市学生科学身份的影响
Pub Date : 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.5430/jct.v12n4p125
Lauren B. Birney, Brian R. Evans, Vibhakumari Solanki, Elmer-Rico Mojica, C. Scharff, Joyce Kong
The Billion Oyster Project and Curriculum and Community Enterprise for the Restoration of New York Harbor with New York City Public Schools (BOP-CCERS) program is a National Science Foundation (NSF) supported initiative that involves multiple stakeholder collaborations and is led by Pace University. Within Pace, the initiative crosses over three different schools and colleges and across multiple departments. Pace University’s NSF project of focus in this article is the Innovative Technology Experiences for Students and Teachers (ITEST) program. The purpose is to increase student motivation and preparation for pursuing STEM careers. This article presents results of programming to increase student scientific identity. Findings revealed that students in the 11th grade had the highest level of scientific identity compared to other high school grades. These findings indicate that 11th grade may be an ideal timeframe for interventions to improve scientific identity. Moreover, project participants had higher levels of engagement in STEM-related activities, were more likely to watch videos made by scientists, and read articles written by scientists than those in the control group.
十亿牡蛎项目和纽约市公立学校修复纽约港课程和社区企业(BOP-CCERS)计划是由美国国家科学基金会(NSF)支持的一项倡议,涉及多个利益相关者的合作,由佩斯大学领导。在佩斯大学,这项计划跨越了三所不同的学院和多个系。本文关注的佩斯大学国家科学基金项目是面向学生和教师的创新技术体验(ITEST)项目。目的是提高学生追求STEM职业的动力和准备。本文介绍了提高学生科学认同的编程结果。调查结果显示,与其他高中年级的学生相比,11年级的学生具有最高的科学认同感。这些发现表明,11年级可能是一个理想的时间框架进行干预,以提高科学认同。此外,与对照组相比,项目参与者对stem相关活动的参与度更高,更有可能观看科学家制作的视频,并阅读科学家撰写的文章。
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引用次数: 0
Curriculum Delivery Through Learning Technologies in Online Classrooms: Challenges and Prospects in Higher Education 通过在线课堂学习技术进行课程交付:高等教育的挑战与前景
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.5430/jct.v12n4p83
O. A. Ajani
Higher education institutions in most developing African nations have been classroom-based. This practice has been in place for decades in African countries, with many benefits for stakeholders. Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic experiences in the global space brought a new approach to curriculum delivery. Universities in most developed countries have expanded, using various digital technologies for teaching and learning. However, the case was a severe challenge in Africa, where many were cut off from teaching and learning activities for months. The study explored the transition from conventional classroom curriculum delivery to online learning as the only alternative approach during the pandemic. Although online learning encourages self-directed learning in students, the study explains the self-determination theory as it underpins online learning. A content analysis of various literature sources on the phenomenon was employed for this systematic review. Findings revealed that many universities in South Africa encountered severe challenges in fully adopting online classes for curriculum delivery. Teaching and learning activities were grounded for months until the Department of Higher Education and Training compelled all to embrace learning technologies to salvage the academic calendar. Rural-based students were reported to be significantly challenged in accessing online learning activities. affirmExtant literature sources affirmed that higher education institutions were unprepared for the sudden transition from conventional classrooms to online learning. Hence, they needed help to take rapid measures to integrate online learning into the system. Many challenges have been encountered in this technological transformation of the teaching and learning approach; the study, therefore, recommends, among others, adequate provision of learning technologies, provision of intense technical know-how support for lecturers for effective use of online learning.
大多数非洲发展中国家的高等教育机构都是以课堂为基础的。这种做法在非洲国家已经实行了几十年,给利益攸关方带来了许多好处。2019冠状病毒病大流行在全球范围内的经验教训为课程提供了新的方法。大多数发达国家的大学已经扩大,使用各种数字技术进行教学和学习。然而,这种情况在非洲是一个严峻的挑战,在那里,许多人被切断了数月的教学活动。该研究探讨了从传统课堂课程交付到在线学习作为大流行期间唯一替代方法的过渡。尽管在线学习鼓励学生自主学习,但该研究解释了自我决定理论,因为它是在线学习的基础。本文对这一现象的各种文献来源进行了内容分析。调查结果显示,南非的许多大学在全面采用在线课程方面遇到了严峻的挑战。教学和学习活动停摆了几个月,直到高等教育和培训部强迫所有人接受学习技术来挽救学术日历。据报道,农村学生在访问在线学习活动方面面临重大挑战。现存的文献资料证实,高等教育机构对从传统课堂到在线学习的突然转变毫无准备。因此,他们需要帮助采取快速措施将在线学习整合到系统中。在这种教学方法的技术变革中遇到了许多挑战;因此,该研究建议,除其他外,充分提供学习技术,为讲师提供有效利用在线学习的密集技术知识支持。
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引用次数: 0
Language Transfer in Chinese EFL Learners’ Receptive Vocabulary Knowledge of Delexical and Lexical Verb+Noun Collocations 中国英语学习者词语和动词+名词搭配接受性词汇知识的语言迁移
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.5430/jct.v12n4p47
Gu Min, Hajar Abdul Rahim, Ang Leng Hong
Restricted verb+noun collocations in English comprise delexical verb+noun collocations and lexical verb+noun collocations. The former are combinations containing verbs with ‘light’ meaning, such as make a mistake, take pictures, and have dinner, while lexical verb+noun collocations refer to combinations with technical meaning or figurative sense, such as draw a conclusion and hold discussions. Many studies have shown that these collocations are challenging to non-native English speakers, but to what extent and why one type is more challenging than the other has not received much research attention. The current study focuses on Chinese EFL learners’ receptive knowledge of delexical and lexical verb+noun collocation, particularly in relation to the influence of their first language (L1). To address this, the study measured Chinese EFL learners’ receptive knowledge of delexical and lexical verb+noun collocations using COLLEX5 collocation test and the extent to which their responses in the test were congruent or incongruent with their L1, i.e., Mandarin. The results show that Chinese EFL learners’ receptive delexical verb+noun collocation knowledge is higher than their lexical ones. The results also show that 92.3% of delexical verb+noun collocation errors are congruent with Mandarin. L1 influence is also evident in lexical verb+noun collocation errors but to a lesser extent, i.e., 72.6%. These findings indicate that L1-influenced errors account for a significant portion of the errors, suggesting that EFL learners' L1 influences how L2 collocations are processed in the mental lexicon.
英语中的限定动词+名词搭配包括词性动词+名词搭配和词性动词+名词搭配。前者是包含“轻”意义动词的组合,如“犯错误”、“拍照”、“吃饭”等;词汇动词+名词的组合是指具有技术意义或比喻意义的组合,如“得出结论”、“举行讨论”等。许多研究表明,这些搭配对于非英语母语者来说是具有挑战性的,但是在多大程度上以及为什么一种类型比另一种类型更具挑战性并没有得到太多的研究关注。目前的研究重点是中国英语学习者对词汇动词+名词搭配的接受性知识,特别是与他们的母语(L1)的影响有关。为了解决这一问题,本研究使用COLLEX5搭配测试测量了中国英语学习者对词性和词性动词+名词搭配的接受性知识,以及他们在测试中的反应与母语即普通话的一致或不一致的程度。结果表明,中国英语学习者对动词+名词搭配的接受性词汇知识高于词汇知识。结果还表明,92.3%的动词+名词搭配错误与普通话一致。在词汇动词+名词搭配错误中,母语的影响也很明显,但程度较轻,为72.6%。这些发现表明,受L1影响的错误占了错误的很大一部分,这表明英语学习者的L1影响了L2搭配在心理词汇中的加工方式。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation of Visual Mind Mapping Strategy for Improving Students’ Performance 运用视觉思维导图策略提高学生学习成绩
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.5430/jct.v12n4p71
O. Tymofyeyeva, N. Shulha, Viktoriia Savishchenko, Halyna Klimova, Olena Bulavina
The aim of the article was to substantiate the implementation of the visual mind mapping (VMM) strategy for improving the effectiveness of students’ learning in the theoretical and experimental aspect. The focus was the use of VMM to organize learning of students of non-Humanities majors when studying the subjects of the Humanities curriculum, which are mandatory for the undergraduate level. Methods: the following methods were used to collect empirical data and interpret research results: online monitoring through questionnaires in Google Forms; testing with the involvement of the computer programme potential using the EdApp microlearning platform tools; Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI), classic methods of conducting scientific research and statistical data processing. The prospects of further research include a wider integration of VMM with the involvement of special software and determining its impact on the effectiveness of the students’ education.
本文旨在从理论和实验两方面证实视觉思维导图策略的实施对提高学生学习效率的作用。重点是利用VMM来组织非人文专业学生在学习本科阶段必修的人文课程科目时的学习。方法:采用以下方法收集实证数据并对研究结果进行解释:通过Google Forms问卷在线监测;使用EdApp微学习平台工具进行计算机程序潜能测试;计算机辅助个人访谈(CAPI),进行科学研究和统计数据处理的经典方法。进一步研究的前景包括更广泛地整合VMM与特殊软件的参与,并确定其对学生教育有效性的影响。
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引用次数: 0
An Activity for Building Teaching Potential Designed on Community of Practice Cooperated with Lesson Study 基于实践共同体与课堂学习相结合的教学潜能构建活动
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.5430/jct.v12n4p62
Kanyarat Cojorn, Kanyarat Sonsupap
This paper proposes the development of an activity based on the community of practice (CoP) approach in collaboration with lesson study to enhance teaching potential. The CoP approach is utilized to elicit teachers' experiences and facilitate the sharing of teaching guidelines, while the lesson study method enables small groups of teachers to collaboratively design, teach, reflect on, and refine a class lesson. Drawing from semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, documentation, expert field notes, and focus groups, the proposed activity consists of four key components: 1) principle, 2) activity objective, 3) learning activity, and 4) learning evaluation. The learning activity encompasses four steps: educating, innovating, implementing, and reflecting. Each step comprises several sub-activities, with the innovating and implementing steps being iterative. The activity demonstrates a content validity of 0.95 and a suitability rating of 4.88. Furthermore, the participating teachers in this study exhibit increased self-confidence in constructing classroom activities and gained additional pathways for designing effective learning activities. The paper suggests that this approach can effectively foster the acquisition of new knowledge, the development of innovative practices, and the application of effective instructional strategies in the classroom.
本文提出了一种基于实践共同体(CoP)方法的活动,与课程研究相结合,以提高教学潜力。CoP方法用于收集教师的经验,促进教学指南的共享,而课程研究方法使教师小组能够协作设计、教学、反思和完善课堂课程。从半结构化访谈、课堂观察、文档、专家现场笔记和焦点小组中提取,拟议的活动由四个关键部分组成:1)原则,2)活动目标,3)学习活动,4)学习评估。学习活动包括四个步骤:教育、创新、实施和反思。每个步骤包括几个子活动,创新和实现步骤是迭代的。该活性的内容效度为0.95,适宜性评分为4.88。此外,参与本研究的教师在建构课堂活动时表现出更强的自信心,并获得设计有效学习活动的额外途径。本文认为,这种方法可以有效地促进新知识的获取、创新实践的发展以及有效教学策略在课堂上的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Developing Future Officers’ Analytical Thinking During Their Practical Sessions Based on Stem Technologies 以Stem技术为基础,培养未来军官的分析思维
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.5430/jct.v12n4p94
Andrii Kurashkevych, O. Reznik, R. Sych, A. Plekhanov, Anatolii Horbatiuk
The ability to think analytically is helpful for the military, as it allows you to find optimal solutions to difficult situations in extreme conditions. The aim of this article was to study the effect of STEM technologies used during practical sessions of future officers on the development of their analytical thinking. The method of numerical series and self-assessment by cadets was used to determine the level of analytical thinking. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. The case method, virtual and augmented reality, project method, simulation and business games were used during STEM training. It was found by using the numerical series method that the level of future officers' analytical thinking increased from satisfactory to the medium within one academic year using STEM technologies during practical sessions. Students of the experimental group also note the growth of interest in learning, improvement of professional training, and the possibility of individual development. They rated their level of analytical thinking at the beginning of the experiment at 3 points on average and after the experiment — at 4 points on a five-point scale. The difficulties of STEM education were also found: the complex stage of mastering new methods, lack of technical support, and lack of skills for discussing the situation in groups. The results of the work can be used in the planning and selection of effective forms, methods and approaches to the organisation of practical training for future officers. Teachers can use STEM technologies effectively in future officers' practical training, including developing analytical thinking.
分析思考的能力对军队很有帮助,因为它可以让你在极端条件下找到解决困难情况的最佳方案。本文的目的是研究未来军官在实践课程中使用的STEM技术对其分析思维发展的影响。采用数列法和学员自评法确定学员的分析思维水平。进行了半结构化访谈。在STEM培训中使用了案例法、虚拟和增强现实、项目法、模拟和商业游戏。通过数值序列法发现,在实践环节中,未来军官的分析思维水平在一学年内由满意提高到中等水平。实验组的学生也注意到学习兴趣的增长,专业训练的提高,以及个人发展的可能性。他们在实验开始时给自己的分析思维水平平均打分3分,实验结束后给自己打分4分(满分为5分)。我们还发现了STEM教育的困难:掌握新方法的复杂阶段,缺乏技术支持,缺乏小组讨论的技能。这项工作的结果可用于规划和选择有效的形式、方法和途径,为未来的人员组织实际培训。教师可以在未来军官的实践培训中有效地使用STEM技术,包括培养分析思维。
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引用次数: 0
A Proposed Theory for the Pedagogic Practices in Alternative Learning System (ALS) 另类学习系统(ALS)教学实践理论研究
Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.5430/jct.v12n4p40
Rufo A. Labarrete, Mariano D. Gillo
This study explored the pedagogic practices on modalities in facilitating instruction and assessing learning employed for the PDLs, IPs, and Non-Literate Adults as group of learners in the ALS and consequently propose a theory along these dimensions. Data were obtained from 18 purposively chosen programs-implementers through semi-structured, observations of class activities, and field notes. These were analyzed through Charmaz’ framework on grounded theory data analyses. Results of the findings showed that educational goods and services are delivered through flexible modalities specifically face-to-face aided with modern technologies and home visitation aided with traditional technologies. Assessment in learning, on the other hand, is realized in multi-modal fashion specifically trough performance-based, module-based, and portfolio assessment formats. These findings point towards a theoretical conception that the delivery of educational good and services is unique and dependent on the circumstance, condition, and situation of the target learners and assessing the learners’ learning is actualized in a multi-modal fashion in response and recognition of the learners’ diversity, diverse learning needs and teaching and learning environment. With these theoretical conceptions, the Granular Learning Theory is proposed. The basic tenet of the theory is that instructional delivery and assessment in learning are case-dependent.
本研究探讨了在促进教学和评估学习的模式上的教学实践,这些模式适用于pdl、IPs和不识字的成年人作为ALS学习者群体,并因此提出了一个关于这些维度的理论。通过半结构化的课堂活动观察和实地记录,从18个有目的地选择的项目实现者那里获得数据。这些都是通过Charmaz的扎根理论数据分析框架进行分析的。调查结果表明,教育产品和服务是通过灵活的方式提供的,特别是在现代技术的辅助下面对面的教育和传统技术辅助下的家访教育。另一方面,学习中的评估以多模式的方式实现,特别是通过基于绩效、基于模块和组合的评估格式。这些发现指向一个理论概念,即教育产品和服务的提供是独特的,取决于目标学习者的环境、条件和处境,评估学习者的学习是在响应和承认学习者的多样性、不同的学习需求和教学环境中以多模式方式实现的。在这些理论概念的基础上,提出了颗粒学习理论。该理论的基本原则是学习中的教学交付和评估是个案依赖的。
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引用次数: 0
Fostering University Students’ Motivation through Dialogic Classroom Practices: A Conceptual Model 通过对话式课堂实践培养大学生学习动机:一个概念模型
Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.5430/jct.v12n4p31
B. Omodan
This conceptual paper presents a model for engaging students and promoting motivation through dialogic classroom practices. The author argues that fostering dialogic teaching and learning in the classroom can positively impact student motivation and learning outcomes. The proposed model highlights the importance of creating a classroom environment where students feel comfortable sharing their ideas and engaging in meaningful discussions. This conceptual article is lensed within transformative paradigm, presenting dialogic pedagogy as a concept analysed using conceptual analysis. Dialogic pedagogy was presented, and the key assumptions, such as promoting classroom dialogue, valuing all voices, emphasising social knowledge construction, and instructors acting as facilitators of learning, were discussed vis-à-vis its correctional tendencies with student motivation and learning outcomes. The paper also highlights the potential benefits of dialogic classroom practices for diverse and borderless student populations. The conclusion is that promoting classroom dialogue, valuing all voices, emphasising social knowledge construction, and acting as facilitators of learning are dimensions to enhance student motivation towards learning outcomes. The paper offers a valuable contribution to the literature by providing a comprehensive framework for educators to effectively engage and motivate their students through dialogic practices.
这篇概念性论文提出了一个通过对话课堂实践吸引学生和促进动机的模式。作者认为,在课堂上培养对话式教学可以对学生的学习动机和学习成果产生积极的影响。提出的模式强调了创造一个课堂环境的重要性,让学生感到舒适地分享他们的想法,并参与有意义的讨论。这篇概念性的文章是在变革范式的视角下,将对话教学法作为一个使用概念分析分析的概念来呈现。提出了对话教学法,并讨论了对话教学法的关键假设,如促进课堂对话、重视所有声音、强调社会知识建设和教师作为学习促进者,并在-à-vis上讨论了对话教学法对学生动机和学习成果的矫正倾向。本文还强调了对话课堂实践对多样化和无国界学生群体的潜在好处。结论是,促进课堂对话,重视所有声音,强调社会知识建设,并充当学习的促进者是提高学生学习成果动机的维度。本文为教育工作者提供了一个全面的框架,通过对话练习有效地吸引和激励学生,为文献提供了宝贵的贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Attitudes towards Pedagogical Reflection among a Group of Pre-Service English Teachers 职前英语教师对教学反思的态度
Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.5430/jct.v12n4p20
Lucía Ubilla Rosales, Andrea Cocio Seguel, O. Lasekan
Reflective practice is an essential component of teacher training programs. Moreover, the experience of reflection in pedagogy students led to a deeper understanding of their teaching practices and increased confidence in their teaching skills. This article aimed to determine pre-service English teachers' attitudes towards reflective practice, focusing on their cognitive, affective, and behavioral components. The population of the study was 88 pre-service English pedagogy students, and the study used a quantitative methodology. A validated questionnaire was used to gather the data and treat it statistically. The results show that all participants had a favorable attitude toward the reflective practice, though there are significant differences among each group of participants. It is concluded that attitude towards reflection increases as students gain sufficient experience and knowledge conducting pedagogical reflection practices. The findings suggest the need for a framework to improve attitude components in the English pre-service program and to focus on reflective practice in the early stages of teaching practice to motivate and induce pedagogical reflection from the beginning of the program. This study might be beneficial for tertiary education to foster a positive reflective attitude towards reflection.
反思性实践是教师培训项目的重要组成部分。此外,教育学学生的反思经验使他们对自己的教学实践有了更深的理解,并增加了对自己教学技能的信心。本文旨在确定职前英语教师对反思性实践的态度,重点关注他们的认知、情感和行为成分。研究对象为88名职前英语教育学专业的学生,研究采用了定量方法。使用有效的问卷收集数据并进行统计处理。结果显示,所有被试对反思练习持正面态度,但各被试之间存在显著差异。结论是,学生在教学反思实践中获得了足够的经验和知识,对反思的态度也随之提高。研究结果表明,需要建立一个框架来改善英语职前课程中的态度成分,并在教学实践的早期阶段注重反思性实践,从课程开始就激发和诱导教学反思。本研究可能有助于高等教育培养积极的反思态度。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Curriculum and Teaching
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