Effective stakeholder and risk management strategies are critical components for ensuring the success of large-scale international projects amidst diverse cultural, political, and economic landscapes. This paper examines strategic approaches that organizations employ to mitigate risks, foster stakeholder engagement, and achieve project objectives on a global scale. Large-scale international projects often face multifaceted challenges such as geopolitical uncertainties, cultural differences, regulatory complexities, and logistical hurdles. Successful management hinges on proactive identification and assessment of risks, coupled with robust mitigation strategies tailored to local and global contexts. Stakeholder management plays a pivotal role in navigating the complexities of international projects. It involves identifying key stakeholders, understanding their expectations and interests, and fostering open communication channels. Engaging stakeholders early and continuously throughout the project lifecycle enhances transparency, builds trust, and aligns project outcomes with stakeholder priorities. Risk management strategies for international projects encompass comprehensive risk assessment methodologies, scenario planning, and contingency planning. Organizations leverage advanced analytics, risk mitigation frameworks, and cross-functional collaboration to anticipate and mitigate potential disruptions. Flexibility and adaptability are crucial in adjusting strategies in response to evolving risks and external dynamics. Case studies highlight effective stakeholder and risk management practices across various industries and regions. Successful projects underscore the importance of local knowledge, strategic partnerships, and cultural sensitivity in navigating international landscapes. Organizations that prioritize stakeholder engagement and proactive risk mitigation not only enhance project resilience but also achieve sustainable outcomes that align with global business objectives. Looking ahead, the integration of technology-driven risk management tools, adoption of agile methodologies, and enhanced cross-cultural competence will continue to shape effective strategies for international project success. Embracing digital solutions and fostering a collaborative global mindset will enable organizations to navigate complexities, capitalize on opportunities, and drive successful outcomes in diverse international environments. In conclusion, effective stakeholder and risk management strategies are integral to achieving success in large-scale international projects. By prioritizing proactive risk mitigation, fostering stakeholder engagement, and embracing cultural diversity, organizations can navigate uncertainties and achieve sustainable success on a global scale.
{"title":"Effective stakeholder and risk management strategies for large-scale international project success","authors":"Osemeike Gloria Eyieyien, Courage Idemudia, Patience Okpeke Paul, Tochukwu Ignatius Ijomah","doi":"10.53294/ijfstr.2024.7.1.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53294/ijfstr.2024.7.1.0044","url":null,"abstract":"Effective stakeholder and risk management strategies are critical components for ensuring the success of large-scale international projects amidst diverse cultural, political, and economic landscapes. This paper examines strategic approaches that organizations employ to mitigate risks, foster stakeholder engagement, and achieve project objectives on a global scale. Large-scale international projects often face multifaceted challenges such as geopolitical uncertainties, cultural differences, regulatory complexities, and logistical hurdles. Successful management hinges on proactive identification and assessment of risks, coupled with robust mitigation strategies tailored to local and global contexts. Stakeholder management plays a pivotal role in navigating the complexities of international projects. It involves identifying key stakeholders, understanding their expectations and interests, and fostering open communication channels. Engaging stakeholders early and continuously throughout the project lifecycle enhances transparency, builds trust, and aligns project outcomes with stakeholder priorities. Risk management strategies for international projects encompass comprehensive risk assessment methodologies, scenario planning, and contingency planning. Organizations leverage advanced analytics, risk mitigation frameworks, and cross-functional collaboration to anticipate and mitigate potential disruptions. Flexibility and adaptability are crucial in adjusting strategies in response to evolving risks and external dynamics. Case studies highlight effective stakeholder and risk management practices across various industries and regions. Successful projects underscore the importance of local knowledge, strategic partnerships, and cultural sensitivity in navigating international landscapes. Organizations that prioritize stakeholder engagement and proactive risk mitigation not only enhance project resilience but also achieve sustainable outcomes that align with global business objectives. Looking ahead, the integration of technology-driven risk management tools, adoption of agile methodologies, and enhanced cross-cultural competence will continue to shape effective strategies for international project success. Embracing digital solutions and fostering a collaborative global mindset will enable organizations to navigate complexities, capitalize on opportunities, and drive successful outcomes in diverse international environments. In conclusion, effective stakeholder and risk management strategies are integral to achieving success in large-scale international projects. By prioritizing proactive risk mitigation, fostering stakeholder engagement, and embracing cultural diversity, organizations can navigate uncertainties and achieve sustainable success on a global scale.","PeriodicalId":199114,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research","volume":"9 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: 1.4–3% of malignant solid tumors metastases to the thyroid gland and these events are rare. When metastatic cancers present to thyroid gland, ultrasound images mimic of the thyroid parenchyma, and diagnosis is difficult. Breast cancer rarely metastasizes to the thyroid gland. Case: A 48-year-old woman was referred to endocrinologist clinic for enlargement of thyroid gland (goiter) with breast cancer history. Physical examination show multinodular goiter .Lymph nodes of cervical region were enlarged. Thyroid ultrasound (US) showed a multinodular goiter with maximum nodule size of 4 cm at the right thyroid lobe. This nodule was isoechoic and cystic degeneration areas with few coarse calcifications. There was a hypoechoic nodule up to 20 mm in left lobe, without any enlarged lymph nodes in the left cervical region. Thyroid and parathyroid hormone levels were normal. Cervical CT scan showed an enlarged thyroid gland and lymph nodes. An US-guided FNA was performed at the largest right and left thyroid lobe nodules, showed thyroid malignancy (Bethesda IV). The patient was monitored by US and thyroid hormone testing. Total thyroidectomy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of neoplastic infiltration of the right and left lobes with morphological and immunohystologica characteristics compatible with breast tissue origin: CK7 focally positive, CK20(-), TTFI(-)GATA-3(+),GCDFP15(-),Mammaglobin (-)PAX 8 (-),Chromogranin (-),Ki67 (15-20),ER (+),PR (+) Her -2 (-) . Conclusion: Metastases should be rolled out in a patient with breast cancer history and thyroid gland enlargement. FNA had been performed in the larger and calcified nodule that had the most suspicious. After total thyroidectomy, primary or secondary thyroid cancer could be diagnosed according to permanent pathology and immunohistolog findings.
导言1.4%-3%的恶性实体瘤会转移到甲状腺，这种情况非常罕见。当转移性癌症出现在甲状腺时，超声图像会与甲状腺实质相仿，因此诊断十分困难。乳腺癌很少转移到甲状腺。病例一名48岁的女性因甲状腺肿大（甲状腺肿大）和乳腺癌病史被转诊至内分泌科。体格检查显示多结节性甲状腺肿，颈部淋巴结肿大。甲状腺超声检查（US）显示，右侧甲状腺叶有一个最大结节，大小为 4 厘米，呈多结节性甲状腺肿。该结节为等回声，囊性变性区有少量粗大钙化。左叶有一个长达20毫米的低回声结节，左颈部没有任何肿大的淋巴结。甲状腺和甲状旁腺激素水平正常。宫颈 CT 扫描显示甲状腺和淋巴结肿大。在 US 引导下，对左右甲状腺叶最大的结节进行了 FNA 检查，结果显示为甲状腺恶性肿瘤（Bethesda IV）。患者接受了 US 和甲状腺激素检测。随后进行了全甲状腺切除术。组织病理学检查显示，左右两个甲状腺叶均有肿瘤浸润，形态学和免疫组织学特征与乳腺组织来源相符：CK7灶性阳性、CK20（-）、TTFI（-）GATA-3（+）、GCDFP15（-）、Mammaglobin（-）PAX 8（-）、Chromogranin（-）、Ki67（15-20）、ER（+）、PR（+）、Her-2（-）。结论有乳腺癌病史和甲状腺肿大的患者应排除转移灶。对可疑度最高的较大钙化结节进行了 FNA 检查。全甲状腺切除术后，可根据永久病理和免疫组织学结果诊断原发性或继发性甲状腺癌。
{"title":"Metastatic breast cancer to thyroid gland: Case report","authors":"Manouchehr Aghajanzadeh, Hamid Saeidi Saedi, Pedram Talebi, Hadi Hajizadeh Fallah, Zeinab Aghzadeh, Ehsan Hajipour Jafroudi, Omid Mosafaee Rad, Mohay Farzin","doi":"10.53294/ijfstr.2024.7.1.0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53294/ijfstr.2024.7.1.0077","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: 1.4–3% of malignant solid tumors metastases to the thyroid gland and these events are rare. When metastatic cancers present to thyroid gland, ultrasound images mimic of the thyroid parenchyma, and diagnosis is difficult. Breast cancer rarely metastasizes to the thyroid gland. Case: A 48-year-old woman was referred to endocrinologist clinic for enlargement of thyroid gland (goiter) with breast cancer history. Physical examination show multinodular goiter .Lymph nodes of cervical region were enlarged. Thyroid ultrasound (US) showed a multinodular goiter with maximum nodule size of 4 cm at the right thyroid lobe. This nodule was isoechoic and cystic degeneration areas with few coarse calcifications. There was a hypoechoic nodule up to 20 mm in left lobe, without any enlarged lymph nodes in the left cervical region. Thyroid and parathyroid hormone levels were normal. Cervical CT scan showed an enlarged thyroid gland and lymph nodes. An US-guided FNA was performed at the largest right and left thyroid lobe nodules, showed thyroid malignancy (Bethesda IV). The patient was monitored by US and thyroid hormone testing. Total thyroidectomy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of neoplastic infiltration of the right and left lobes with morphological and immunohystologica characteristics compatible with breast tissue origin: CK7 focally positive, CK20(-), TTFI(-)GATA-3(+),GCDFP15(-),Mammaglobin (-)PAX 8 (-),Chromogranin (-),Ki67 (15-20),ER (+),PR (+) Her -2 (-) . Conclusion: Metastases should be rolled out in a patient with breast cancer history and thyroid gland enlargement. FNA had been performed in the larger and calcified nodule that had the most suspicious. After total thyroidectomy, primary or secondary thyroid cancer could be diagnosed according to permanent pathology and immunohistolog findings.","PeriodicalId":199114,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.53294/ijfstr.2024.7.1.0042
F. Akpagher, Believe Amarachi Chituru, Abubakar Ibrahim Bawa, John Joel Iji, D. T. Shija, J. A. Bdliya, Abdulazis S Longwap
Introduction: Medicinal Plant with antimicrobial properties are of great significance in therapeutic treatments of disease caused by bacteria. Their antibacterial properties are due to compounds synthesized in their cell sap during secondary metabolism, their antibacterial activity has shown that plants represent a potential source of novel antibiotic prototypes. This study aims to investigate the antibacterial potential of three plant extracts on S. aureus and E. coli. Method: A comparative study of the antibacterial potentials of water and ethanolic leaf extracts of three plants, Parkia biglobosa, Khaya senegalensis and Daniellia oliveri, was carried out. Extracts at various regimes of concentrations, 0.2 g/ml, 0.4 g/ml, 0.6 g/ml, 0.8 g/ml and 1.0 g/ml were tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The disc diffusion method of Kirby Bauer with slight modification was adapted in determining zones of inhibition. Statistical significance was considered at (p<0.05). Results: Ethanolic leaf extract of P. biglobosa recorded the highest zone of inhibition (20.0 mm) at 1.0 g/ml on S. aureus, while ethanolic leaf extract of D. oliveri had the least zone of inhibition (6.33 mm) at 0.2 g/ml on E. coli. K. senegalensis was most effective on E. coli with grand mean inhibitory effect of (13.33 mm and 12.13 mm) on ethanol and water extract respectively, while P. biglobosa was most effective on S. aureus with grand mean inhibitory effect of (13.00 mm and 12.47 mm) on ethanol and water extracts respectively. No significant difference in the grand mean inhibitory effect of the three plants on test bacterial or the type of solvent used. Conclusion: The three plants are potential useful antibacterial agents, inhibiting bacterial growth at all concentrations of the study.
{"title":"A comparative study of antibacterial potentials of leaf extracts of some selected trees from Benue State University Campus on Staphylococcus aureus AND Escherichia coli","authors":"F. Akpagher, Believe Amarachi Chituru, Abubakar Ibrahim Bawa, John Joel Iji, D. T. Shija, J. A. Bdliya, Abdulazis S Longwap","doi":"10.53294/ijfstr.2024.7.1.0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53294/ijfstr.2024.7.1.0042","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Medicinal Plant with antimicrobial properties are of great significance in therapeutic treatments of disease caused by bacteria. Their antibacterial properties are due to compounds synthesized in their cell sap during secondary metabolism, their antibacterial activity has shown that plants represent a potential source of novel antibiotic prototypes. This study aims to investigate the antibacterial potential of three plant extracts on S. aureus and E. coli. Method: A comparative study of the antibacterial potentials of water and ethanolic leaf extracts of three plants, Parkia biglobosa, Khaya senegalensis and Daniellia oliveri, was carried out. Extracts at various regimes of concentrations, 0.2 g/ml, 0.4 g/ml, 0.6 g/ml, 0.8 g/ml and 1.0 g/ml were tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The disc diffusion method of Kirby Bauer with slight modification was adapted in determining zones of inhibition. Statistical significance was considered at (p<0.05). Results: Ethanolic leaf extract of P. biglobosa recorded the highest zone of inhibition (20.0 mm) at 1.0 g/ml on S. aureus, while ethanolic leaf extract of D. oliveri had the least zone of inhibition (6.33 mm) at 0.2 g/ml on E. coli. K. senegalensis was most effective on E. coli with grand mean inhibitory effect of (13.33 mm and 12.13 mm) on ethanol and water extract respectively, while P. biglobosa was most effective on S. aureus with grand mean inhibitory effect of (13.00 mm and 12.47 mm) on ethanol and water extracts respectively. No significant difference in the grand mean inhibitory effect of the three plants on test bacterial or the type of solvent used. Conclusion: The three plants are potential useful antibacterial agents, inhibiting bacterial growth at all concentrations of the study.","PeriodicalId":199114,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-30DOI: 10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0027
Isac Mella-Méndez, Rafael Flores-Peredo, Juan David Amaya-Espinel, Ariadna Rangel-Negrín, M. Cristina Mac Swiney G, Christian Delfín-Alfonso
Cats are an invasive alien species that can negatively affect wildlife. However, information regarding their impact on Neotropical wildlife is scattered and limited. We conducted a systematic review to identify studies specifically exploring the impact of cats on wildlife in the Neotropics. In particular, we aimed: 1) to identify the temporal evolution of studies on the impact of cats, as well as bias and gaps that have occurred as a result of their spatial distribution (per country) and the typology of their impact; 2) to identify the Neotropical wildlife species directly affected by cat predation and to categorize these according to their taxonomic groups; 3) to describe the research techniques employed; and 4) to compare the environments evaluated (urban, rural, natural, mixed), as well as the different categories of cats (feral, stray, owned, mixed) involved. We found a total of 55 studies conducted in seven Neotropical countries, with Brazil presenting the most research, but found no research at all in 26 countries. Evaluation of pathogens in cats was the main topic addressed. In total, 215 taxa were reported to be affected by cat predation, with birds being the most frequent. Nine techniques were used in these studies, with blood analysis presented as the most commonly used methodology. Owned cats in urban environments were the most frequently evaluated, and stray cats in mixed environment were the least frequently evaluated. Our results show that cats have a significant negative effect on Neotropical wildlife, and increased studies are therefore a priority.
{"title":"A preliminary systematic review of the impact of cats on wildlife in the Neotropics","authors":"Isac Mella-Méndez, Rafael Flores-Peredo, Juan David Amaya-Espinel, Ariadna Rangel-Negrín, M. Cristina Mac Swiney G, Christian Delfín-Alfonso","doi":"10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Cats are an invasive alien species that can negatively affect wildlife. However, information regarding their impact on Neotropical wildlife is scattered and limited. We conducted a systematic review to identify studies specifically exploring the impact of cats on wildlife in the Neotropics. In particular, we aimed: 1) to identify the temporal evolution of studies on the impact of cats, as well as bias and gaps that have occurred as a result of their spatial distribution (per country) and the typology of their impact; 2) to identify the Neotropical wildlife species directly affected by cat predation and to categorize these according to their taxonomic groups; 3) to describe the research techniques employed; and 4) to compare the environments evaluated (urban, rural, natural, mixed), as well as the different categories of cats (feral, stray, owned, mixed) involved. We found a total of 55 studies conducted in seven Neotropical countries, with Brazil presenting the most research, but found no research at all in 26 countries. Evaluation of pathogens in cats was the main topic addressed. In total, 215 taxa were reported to be affected by cat predation, with birds being the most frequent. Nine techniques were used in these studies, with blood analysis presented as the most commonly used methodology. Owned cats in urban environments were the most frequently evaluated, and stray cats in mixed environment were the least frequently evaluated. Our results show that cats have a significant negative effect on Neotropical wildlife, and increased studies are therefore a priority.","PeriodicalId":199114,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research","volume":"38 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140362107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Launching AI products presents unique challenges for start-ups, requiring a deep understanding of market dynamics and effective strategic planning. This paper explores theoretical frameworks and practical approaches to help start-ups navigate the complexities of AI product launches. We begin by analyzing market challenges, including competitive landscapes, market segmentation, and regulatory considerations. Drawing from theoretical models such as lean startup methodology, crossing the chasm theory, and blue ocean strategy, we propose a comprehensive framework for AI product launch strategies. Tactical approaches such as MVP development, customer-centricity, strategic partnerships, and scalability considerations are discussed to facilitate successful product launches. Implementation challenges, including talent acquisition, resource allocation, and investor management, are addressed alongside ethical considerations in AI deployment. Case studies and practical examples offer insights from both successful and failed AI product launches. Through this exploration, we aim to equip start-ups with the theoretical insights necessary to navigate market challenges and drive successful AI product launches in an ever-evolving landscape.
{"title":"Theoretical insights into AI product launch strategies for start-ups: Navigating market challenges","authors":"Damilola Oluwaseun Ogundipe, Emmanuel Adeyemi Abaku","doi":"10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0032","url":null,"abstract":"Launching AI products presents unique challenges for start-ups, requiring a deep understanding of market dynamics and effective strategic planning. This paper explores theoretical frameworks and practical approaches to help start-ups navigate the complexities of AI product launches. We begin by analyzing market challenges, including competitive landscapes, market segmentation, and regulatory considerations. Drawing from theoretical models such as lean startup methodology, crossing the chasm theory, and blue ocean strategy, we propose a comprehensive framework for AI product launch strategies. Tactical approaches such as MVP development, customer-centricity, strategic partnerships, and scalability considerations are discussed to facilitate successful product launches. Implementation challenges, including talent acquisition, resource allocation, and investor management, are addressed alongside ethical considerations in AI deployment. Case studies and practical examples offer insights from both successful and failed AI product launches. Through this exploration, we aim to equip start-ups with the theoretical insights necessary to navigate market challenges and drive successful AI product launches in an ever-evolving landscape.","PeriodicalId":199114,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140362538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-30DOI: 10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0029
Ehizogie Paul Adeghe, Chioma Anthonia Okolo, Olumuyiwa Tolulope Ojeyinka
Children with special healthcare needs face significant barriers to accessing dental care, resulting in higher rates of untreated dental disease and poorer oral health outcomes compared to their peers. Optimizing dental screening protocols tailored to the unique needs of this population is crucial to enhancing access to care and preventing dental disease. This paper explores the challenges in accessing dental care for children with special healthcare needs, reviews current screening protocols, and proposes strategies for optimization. The literature review highlights the multifactorial nature of barriers to care, including socioeconomic factors, physical and cognitive limitations, and cultural considerations. Despite existing challenges, success stories and emerging technologies offer promising avenues for improvement. Multidisciplinary collaboration, tailored screening protocols, technology integration, community outreach, and policy advocacy are identified as key strategies for optimization. The proposed strategies are underpinned by the principles of equity, inclusivity, and person-centered care. Implementation plans include pilot programs, professional training, and integration with existing healthcare systems. Evaluation metrics will assess the effectiveness and sustainability of optimized screening protocols. Expected outcomes include increased access to dental care, reduced prevalence and severity of dental disease, improved oral health-related quality of life, and cost-effectiveness. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of ongoing evaluation and adaptation to meet the evolving needs of children with special healthcare needs. This paper calls for concerted efforts from stakeholders across healthcare, education, policy, and advocacy sectors to implement and support the proposed strategies. By optimizing dental screening protocols, we can make significant strides towards enhancing access to care and improving oral health outcomes for children with special healthcare needs.
{"title":"Optimizing dental screening protocols for children with special healthcare needs: Enhancing access and prevention","authors":"Ehizogie Paul Adeghe, Chioma Anthonia Okolo, Olumuyiwa Tolulope Ojeyinka","doi":"10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0029","url":null,"abstract":"Children with special healthcare needs face significant barriers to accessing dental care, resulting in higher rates of untreated dental disease and poorer oral health outcomes compared to their peers. Optimizing dental screening protocols tailored to the unique needs of this population is crucial to enhancing access to care and preventing dental disease. This paper explores the challenges in accessing dental care for children with special healthcare needs, reviews current screening protocols, and proposes strategies for optimization. The literature review highlights the multifactorial nature of barriers to care, including socioeconomic factors, physical and cognitive limitations, and cultural considerations. Despite existing challenges, success stories and emerging technologies offer promising avenues for improvement. Multidisciplinary collaboration, tailored screening protocols, technology integration, community outreach, and policy advocacy are identified as key strategies for optimization. The proposed strategies are underpinned by the principles of equity, inclusivity, and person-centered care. Implementation plans include pilot programs, professional training, and integration with existing healthcare systems. Evaluation metrics will assess the effectiveness and sustainability of optimized screening protocols. Expected outcomes include increased access to dental care, reduced prevalence and severity of dental disease, improved oral health-related quality of life, and cost-effectiveness. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of ongoing evaluation and adaptation to meet the evolving needs of children with special healthcare needs. This paper calls for concerted efforts from stakeholders across healthcare, education, policy, and advocacy sectors to implement and support the proposed strategies. By optimizing dental screening protocols, we can make significant strides towards enhancing access to care and improving oral health outcomes for children with special healthcare needs.","PeriodicalId":199114,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research","volume":"36 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140362131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0085
Yaji Mnena E, Aernan Paulyn T., Aondofa Janet T.
Background: Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium which causes chronic bacterial infections such as gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric cancers and gastric malt lymphoma. The severity of these diseases may be related to sex and age. The vacuolating cytotoxin A gene is a key virulence factor and exhibits genetic diversity most especially in its signal regions. The aim of the study was to assess the distribution of Helicobacter pylori signal regions of vavA from infected patients of Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi in Relation to Sex and Age. Methods: A total of 80 patients referred for endoscopy were enrolled, and gastric biopsies taken from the antrum of the patients and tested by PCR then genotyped using standard techniques to identify the signal regions of the vacA gene. Demographic information, including age and sex, was recorded for each participant. Results: The frequency of H. pylori alleles of signal regions of vacA detected in biopsies showed that s1 had the highest frequency of 24 (100%) followed by s1c 22 (92%) while the least were s2 s1+s2. s1a was not detected. Presence of subspecie genotypes was not significantly associated with sex (Chi-square=6.511; p=0.089). However, the occurrence of the different subspecie was found to be significantly associated with age (Chi-square=21.343; p=0.011). Conclusion: The findings of this study show a relationship between H. pylori vacA sigma regions and demographic characteristics. The variations may be due to genetic variations, environmental factors, or a combination of both. H. pylori infection in the study was found not to be associated with gender but was significantly associated with age. Understanding this is crucial for discovering the complexity of H. pylori infections and developing targeted therapeutic strategies.
{"title":"Distribution of Helicobacter pylori signal regions of vacA from infected patients of Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi in relation to sex and age","authors":"Yaji Mnena E, Aernan Paulyn T., Aondofa Janet T.","doi":"10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0085","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium which causes chronic bacterial infections such as gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric cancers and gastric malt lymphoma. The severity of these diseases may be related to sex and age. The vacuolating cytotoxin A gene is a key virulence factor and exhibits genetic diversity most especially in its signal regions. The aim of the study was to assess the distribution of Helicobacter pylori signal regions of vavA from infected patients of Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi in Relation to Sex and Age. Methods: A total of 80 patients referred for endoscopy were enrolled, and gastric biopsies taken from the antrum of the patients and tested by PCR then genotyped using standard techniques to identify the signal regions of the vacA gene. Demographic information, including age and sex, was recorded for each participant. Results: The frequency of H. pylori alleles of signal regions of vacA detected in biopsies showed that s1 had the highest frequency of 24 (100%) followed by s1c 22 (92%) while the least were s2 s1+s2. s1a was not detected. Presence of subspecie genotypes was not significantly associated with sex (Chi-square=6.511; p=0.089). However, the occurrence of the different subspecie was found to be significantly associated with age (Chi-square=21.343; p=0.011). Conclusion: The findings of this study show a relationship between H. pylori vacA sigma regions and demographic characteristics. The variations may be due to genetic variations, environmental factors, or a combination of both. H. pylori infection in the study was found not to be associated with gender but was significantly associated with age. Understanding this is crucial for discovering the complexity of H. pylori infections and developing targeted therapeutic strategies.","PeriodicalId":199114,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140422469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Colletotrichum capsici is a highly destructive anthracnose pathogen, causing significant losses in chili plants. Trichoderma, an antagonistic fungus commonly mass-cultured, is employed to control anthracnose disease. This research aims to evaluate the efficacy of adding starch for conidia deposition in liquid Trichoderma cultures and to assess the antifungal activity of the sediment on the colony growth of C. capsici. The study utilized a factorial experiment with three types of liquid culture medium (5% tannin, 5% yeast, and 5% yeast + 5% tannin), three types of starch (rice, corn, and tapioca), and three concentrations (5%, 10%, and 20%), each with five repetitions and one control. Liquid culture, composed of a mixture of 2% sucrose with either yeast or tannin from the gambir plant (Uncaria gambir), was inoculated with a blend of three Trichoderma isolates and incubated for 14 days at 150 rpm. Starch was added according to the treatment and then centrifuged at 3000 rpm. The results indicated a significant 8.9–17.8 times log10 increase in conidia concentration after the settling treatment. The type of liquid culture medium and starch concentration significantly influenced the conidia concentration after deposition. The yeast liquid culture exhibited the highest conidia density at 4.96×1010/mL. The starch concentration that produced the highest conidia density after settling was 20%, yielding 4.51×1010/mL. The type of starch did not significantly influence the conidia concentration in the sediment. The methanol extract of sedimented liquid culture, after the addition of 5-20% rice flour from tannin medium, exhibited antifungal activity against C. capsici.
{"title":"Conidia deposition in liquid culture of Trichoderma using starch flour and antifungal activity of the precipitate against Colletotrichum capsici","authors":"Artika Eka Saputri, Suwandi Suwandi, Harman Hamidson, Ahmad Muslim, Chandra Irsan","doi":"10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0082","url":null,"abstract":"Colletotrichum capsici is a highly destructive anthracnose pathogen, causing significant losses in chili plants. Trichoderma, an antagonistic fungus commonly mass-cultured, is employed to control anthracnose disease. This research aims to evaluate the efficacy of adding starch for conidia deposition in liquid Trichoderma cultures and to assess the antifungal activity of the sediment on the colony growth of C. capsici. The study utilized a factorial experiment with three types of liquid culture medium (5% tannin, 5% yeast, and 5% yeast + 5% tannin), three types of starch (rice, corn, and tapioca), and three concentrations (5%, 10%, and 20%), each with five repetitions and one control. Liquid culture, composed of a mixture of 2% sucrose with either yeast or tannin from the gambir plant (Uncaria gambir), was inoculated with a blend of three Trichoderma isolates and incubated for 14 days at 150 rpm. Starch was added according to the treatment and then centrifuged at 3000 rpm. The results indicated a significant 8.9–17.8 times log10 increase in conidia concentration after the settling treatment. The type of liquid culture medium and starch concentration significantly influenced the conidia concentration after deposition. The yeast liquid culture exhibited the highest conidia density at 4.96×1010/mL. The starch concentration that produced the highest conidia density after settling was 20%, yielding 4.51×1010/mL. The type of starch did not significantly influence the conidia concentration in the sediment. The methanol extract of sedimented liquid culture, after the addition of 5-20% rice flour from tannin medium, exhibited antifungal activity against C. capsici.","PeriodicalId":199114,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0079
Ankit Kumar, Somenath Ghosh
Increasing human population trends from 1.5 to 6.4 billion, with a projected growth to 9 billion by 2050, necessitates production diversification, which has been estimated at 840 million, in order to prevent malnutrition. The natural resources, particularly the fish reserves in lakes, rivers, and oceans, are negatively impacted by the population's exponential development. In order to encourage sustainable farming, aquaculture production must be increased without significantly utilizing the necessary natural resources. Sustainable fish farming is a method of managing suitable benthic conditions and water quality in a culture system while having a low environmental impact. In order to provide a nutrient-balanced diet, particularly one high in protein, animal husbandry and fishing are the two sources of animal protein. Fish products are the safest group of muscle protein, which contains all needed amino acids, essential fatty acids. Since very few literatures is available in the Biofloc technology (BFT), the present dissertation encompasses the research work from a very grass-root level i.e. from water analysis of BioFloc system to study of different rearing techniques and their effects on the growth of Clarias batrachus. The Biofloc aquaculture system is an eco-friendly one that produces using organic debris and recycled nutrients including phytoplankton, bacteria, dead organic matter by manipulating the C/N ratio to transform harmful nitrogenous wastes into beneficial microbial protein. which aids in water quality improvement in a zero-water exchange system. It may serve as a comprehensive supply of nourishment for aquatic species, as well as some bioactive substances that will improve growth, survival, and defense mechanisms, and it may serve as a unique way to aquaculture health management by boosting animals' innate immune systems.
{"title":"Biofloc technology (BFT) for indoor rearing of Clarias batrachus (Linn)","authors":"Ankit Kumar, Somenath Ghosh","doi":"10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.1.0079","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing human population trends from 1.5 to 6.4 billion, with a projected growth to 9 billion by 2050, necessitates production diversification, which has been estimated at 840 million, in order to prevent malnutrition. The natural resources, particularly the fish reserves in lakes, rivers, and oceans, are negatively impacted by the population's exponential development. In order to encourage sustainable farming, aquaculture production must be increased without significantly utilizing the necessary natural resources. Sustainable fish farming is a method of managing suitable benthic conditions and water quality in a culture system while having a low environmental impact. In order to provide a nutrient-balanced diet, particularly one high in protein, animal husbandry and fishing are the two sources of animal protein. Fish products are the safest group of muscle protein, which contains all needed amino acids, essential fatty acids. Since very few literatures is available in the Biofloc technology (BFT), the present dissertation encompasses the research work from a very grass-root level i.e. from water analysis of BioFloc system to study of different rearing techniques and their effects on the growth of Clarias batrachus. The Biofloc aquaculture system is an eco-friendly one that produces using organic debris and recycled nutrients including phytoplankton, bacteria, dead organic matter by manipulating the C/N ratio to transform harmful nitrogenous wastes into beneficial microbial protein. which aids in water quality improvement in a zero-water exchange system. It may serve as a comprehensive supply of nourishment for aquatic species, as well as some bioactive substances that will improve growth, survival, and defense mechanisms, and it may serve as a unique way to aquaculture health management by boosting animals' innate immune systems.","PeriodicalId":199114,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-30DOI: 10.53294/ijfstr.2023.5.1.0069
K. P. Gaikwad, Priyanka S Lande, Chanchal S Chandak, Jaya P. Ambhore, Nikita A. Deshmukh, Rucha M. Chopade
The contamination of cough syrups manufactured in Haryana was recently reported. The four cough and cold syrups so contaminated as to be banned by the WHO are Promethazine Oral Solution, Kofexmalin Baby Cough Syrup, Makoff Baby Cough Syrup, and Magrip N Cold Syrup. India-made cough and cold syrups are "potentially linked with acute kidney injuries and 70 children`s deaths" and will be distributed in The Gambia in 2022. According to the WHO, diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol are toxic to humans when consumed and can be fatal. This incident includes the prevalent proportion of cases with neurotoxic signs and symptoms
{"title":"Ban Cough Syrup 2022 Review","authors":"K. P. Gaikwad, Priyanka S Lande, Chanchal S Chandak, Jaya P. Ambhore, Nikita A. Deshmukh, Rucha M. Chopade","doi":"10.53294/ijfstr.2023.5.1.0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53294/ijfstr.2023.5.1.0069","url":null,"abstract":"The contamination of cough syrups manufactured in Haryana was recently reported. The four cough and cold syrups so contaminated as to be banned by the WHO are Promethazine Oral Solution, Kofexmalin Baby Cough Syrup, Makoff Baby Cough Syrup, and Magrip N Cold Syrup. India-made cough and cold syrups are \"potentially linked with acute kidney injuries and 70 children`s deaths\" and will be distributed in The Gambia in 2022. According to the WHO, diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol are toxic to humans when consumed and can be fatal. This incident includes the prevalent proportion of cases with neurotoxic signs and symptoms","PeriodicalId":199114,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research","volume":" November","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139136938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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