Pub Date : 1999-10-01DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199910)55:10<1037::AID-PS45>3.0.CO;2-#
J. Doczi, I. Világi, I. Banczerowski-Pelyhe, F. Örsi, Z. Szentpétery
{"title":"In-vitro study on the effect of pesticides on neuronal activity","authors":"J. Doczi, I. Világi, I. Banczerowski-Pelyhe, F. Örsi, Z. Szentpétery","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199910)55:10<1037::AID-PS45>3.0.CO;2-#","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199910)55:10<1037::AID-PS45>3.0.CO;2-#","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19985,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"1037-1040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90857729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Communication to the editor piperonyl butoxide-mediated inhibition of cytochrome P450-catalysed insecticide metabolism: A rational approach","authors":"G. Keserü, I. Kolossváry, B. Bertók","doi":"10.1002/PS.2780551008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PS.2780551008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19985,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Science","volume":"102 1","pages":"1004-1006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80637116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review Methods of analysis of dithiocarbamate pesticides: A review","authors":"A. Malik, W. Faubel","doi":"10.1002/PS.2780551002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PS.2780551002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19985,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Science","volume":"57 1","pages":"965-970"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77036269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-05-01DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199905)55:5<563::AID-PS972>3.0.CO;2-#
T. Nitoda, H. Kurumatani, H. Kanzaki, K. Kawazu
A previously reported bioassay method for Spodoptera litura chitinase inhibitors has been improved by use of colloidal chitin powder with a uniform particle size. This improvement made the assay four times more sensitive. Detection of three active supernatants by screening of supernatants and cell extracts from 135 fermentation broths has proved the efficiency of this improved method.
{"title":"Improved bioassay method for Spodoptera litura chitinase inhibitors using a colloidal chitin powder with a uniform particle size as substrate","authors":"T. Nitoda, H. Kurumatani, H. Kanzaki, K. Kawazu","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199905)55:5<563::AID-PS972>3.0.CO;2-#","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199905)55:5<563::AID-PS972>3.0.CO;2-#","url":null,"abstract":"A previously reported bioassay method for Spodoptera litura chitinase inhibitors has been improved by use of colloidal chitin powder with a uniform particle size. This improvement made the assay four times more sensitive. Detection of three active supernatants by screening of supernatants and cell extracts from 135 fermentation broths has proved the efficiency of this improved method.","PeriodicalId":19985,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Science","volume":"58 1","pages":"563-565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88008748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-05-01DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199905)55:5<524::AID-PS937>3.0.CO;2-#
A. Johnson, Robert J Bettinson, Richard J. Williams
A laboratory experiment comparing the movement of 3 H 2 O and [ 14 C]isoproturon into and release from soil aggregates is described. Small aggregates (2.0-2.4mm) were prepared from a clay topsoil and maintained at three different initial moisture conditions. A small volume of the radioisotope solution was introduced prior to bathing the aggregates in a 2mM CaCl 2 solution to represent new rainwater. Whilst the 3 H 2 O was imbibed by the air-dry aggregates, the pesticide did not follow the water but remained on the surface of the aggregates. This may be related to its sorptive properties and an excess of sorption sites on the sorbent with respect to the sorbate. Increasing the length of exposure of the moist aggregates to [ 14 C]isoproturon reduced the initial release of the compound into the bathing solution, probably due to diffusion (retarded by sorption) into the aggregates. The diffusion model described by Crank and a non-equilibrium desorption model were used to analyse the 3 H 2 O and [ 14 C]isoproturon release curves. This showed that the release of 3 H 2 O from the dry aggregates was controlled by diffusion. The release of isoproturon was probably controlled by non-equilibrium sorption/desorption from air-dry aggregates and by a combination of non-equilibrium sorption/desorption and diffusion from wet aggregates.
{"title":"Differentiating between physical and chemical constraints on pesticide and water movement into and out of soil aggregates","authors":"A. Johnson, Robert J Bettinson, Richard J. Williams","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199905)55:5<524::AID-PS937>3.0.CO;2-#","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199905)55:5<524::AID-PS937>3.0.CO;2-#","url":null,"abstract":"A laboratory experiment comparing the movement of 3 H 2 O and [ 14 C]isoproturon into and release from soil aggregates is described. Small aggregates (2.0-2.4mm) were prepared from a clay topsoil and maintained at three different initial moisture conditions. A small volume of the radioisotope solution was introduced prior to bathing the aggregates in a 2mM CaCl 2 solution to represent new rainwater. Whilst the 3 H 2 O was imbibed by the air-dry aggregates, the pesticide did not follow the water but remained on the surface of the aggregates. This may be related to its sorptive properties and an excess of sorption sites on the sorbent with respect to the sorbate. Increasing the length of exposure of the moist aggregates to [ 14 C]isoproturon reduced the initial release of the compound into the bathing solution, probably due to diffusion (retarded by sorption) into the aggregates. The diffusion model described by Crank and a non-equilibrium desorption model were used to analyse the 3 H 2 O and [ 14 C]isoproturon release curves. This showed that the release of 3 H 2 O from the dry aggregates was controlled by diffusion. The release of isoproturon was probably controlled by non-equilibrium sorption/desorption from air-dry aggregates and by a combination of non-equilibrium sorption/desorption and diffusion from wet aggregates.","PeriodicalId":19985,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Science","volume":"58 1","pages":"524-530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85379436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-04-01DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199904)55:4<467::AID-PS924>3.0.CO;2-#
F. Vercruysse, S. Drieghe, W. Steurbaut, W. Dejonckheere
In this study four different mixing/loading and application practices in potato fields were monitored for exposure of operators to pesticides. Each operation - mixing, loading, and application - was measured individually in order to assess its relative contribution to the total exposure value. Inhalation exposure was measured by trapping the pesticides with a sorbent tube while sampling the air around the operator's face. Dermal deposition, which was measured by means of cotton gloves on the hands and by attaching patches to the operator's clothing, was the main contributor to the total exposure. Dermal deposition on the hands during mixing and loading exceeded all other dermal values. The experimental results are compared with the results obtained by the exposure assessment model PHED V1.1. This model gives an underestimation of the levels of operator exposure during mixing, loading and application.
{"title":"Exposure assessment of professional pesticide users during treatment of potato fields","authors":"F. Vercruysse, S. Drieghe, W. Steurbaut, W. Dejonckheere","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199904)55:4<467::AID-PS924>3.0.CO;2-#","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199904)55:4<467::AID-PS924>3.0.CO;2-#","url":null,"abstract":"In this study four different mixing/loading and application practices in potato fields were monitored for exposure of operators to pesticides. Each operation - mixing, loading, and application - was measured individually in order to assess its relative contribution to the total exposure value. Inhalation exposure was measured by trapping the pesticides with a sorbent tube while sampling the air around the operator's face. Dermal deposition, which was measured by means of cotton gloves on the hands and by attaching patches to the operator's clothing, was the main contributor to the total exposure. Dermal deposition on the hands during mixing and loading exceeded all other dermal values. The experimental results are compared with the results obtained by the exposure assessment model PHED V1.1. This model gives an underestimation of the levels of operator exposure during mixing, loading and application.","PeriodicalId":19985,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Science","volume":"172 1","pages":"467-473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88025155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199901)55:1<47::AID-PS859>3.0.CO;2-#
G. D. Snoo, Nathalie M I Scheidegger, F. Jong
A survey was carried out to investigate terrestrial wildlife incidents with pesticides in 18 European countries over the period 1990-1994. Only in seven countries does a systematic incident registration system exist. Compared with the other countries, relatively high numbers of incidents were registered in France, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Over 1000 incidents were investigated to establish their causes: approved use, misuse or deliberate abuse, and the compounds, species and mode of application involved. It was found that most registered incidents are due to deliberate abuse. Approved use is responsible for only a minor fraction of the incidents, and these are due to particular practices such as use of treated seed, bait or wood preservatives and the spraying of grassland. Hardly any incidents were due to crop-spraying. The reason why so few incidents are registered for normal crop-spraying is discussed: do they not occur, or are the casualties not registered? It is doubtful whether incident registration is a reliable instrument for obtaining a proper understanding of the occurrence of the side-effects of agricultural pesticide use.
{"title":"Vertebrate wildlife incidents with pesticides: a european survey","authors":"G. D. Snoo, Nathalie M I Scheidegger, F. Jong","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199901)55:1<47::AID-PS859>3.0.CO;2-#","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199901)55:1<47::AID-PS859>3.0.CO;2-#","url":null,"abstract":"A survey was carried out to investigate terrestrial wildlife incidents with pesticides in 18 European countries over the period 1990-1994. Only in seven countries does a systematic incident registration system exist. Compared with the other countries, relatively high numbers of incidents were registered in France, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Over 1000 incidents were investigated to establish their causes: approved use, misuse or deliberate abuse, and the compounds, species and mode of application involved. It was found that most registered incidents are due to deliberate abuse. Approved use is responsible for only a minor fraction of the incidents, and these are due to particular practices such as use of treated seed, bait or wood preservatives and the spraying of grassland. Hardly any incidents were due to crop-spraying. The reason why so few incidents are registered for normal crop-spraying is discussed: do they not occur, or are the casualties not registered? It is doubtful whether incident registration is a reliable instrument for obtaining a proper understanding of the occurrence of the side-effects of agricultural pesticide use.","PeriodicalId":19985,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81384054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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