J. Maniraj, Arul Franco, Amala Mithin Minther Singh
Temperature has a significant impact on the properties and structures of materials. This research used boriding and subsequent induction hardening and tempering of AISI 1045 medium carbon steel rod samples in order to improve the hardness of the surface layer. Induction coils are used to add boron paste components to the steel rods' surfaces. Testing is used to assess the hardness and microstructure of the treated steel rods. A total of 30 samples are tested at different temperatures, dwell durations, and feed rates to determine the hardness of the treated specimens. As part of the tempering process, Taguchi Optimization is carried out in a furnace to determine the best parameter values for eliminating internal stresses. Two types of instruments are utilised to examine materials for their chemical composition as well as their microstructure: the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the Optical Microscope. As a result of the emergence of martensitic structures, hardness values have risen. Lower hardness values are obtained at temperatures between 800 °C and 850 °C, whereas 690 HV is the maximum hardness measured at 1208 °C. Increased temperature increases AISI 1045 steel's surface hardness, according to lab testing. According to the compared results, AISI 1045 steel that has been boron and induction treated has a higher hardness value than AISI 1045 steel that has been induction treated.
{"title":"Evaluation of Hardness of AISI 1045 Steel Rods Tested by Borided and Inducted","authors":"J. Maniraj, Arul Franco, Amala Mithin Minther Singh","doi":"10.37896/pd91.4/91456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37896/pd91.4/91456","url":null,"abstract":"Temperature has a significant impact on the properties and structures of materials. This research used boriding and subsequent induction hardening and tempering of AISI 1045 medium carbon steel rod samples in order to improve the hardness of the surface layer. Induction coils are used to add boron paste components to the steel rods' surfaces. Testing is used to assess the hardness and microstructure of the treated steel rods. A total of 30 samples are tested at different temperatures, dwell durations, and feed rates to determine the hardness of the treated specimens. As part of the tempering process, Taguchi Optimization is carried out in a furnace to determine the best parameter values for eliminating internal stresses. Two types of instruments are utilised to examine materials for their chemical composition as well as their microstructure: the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the Optical Microscope. As a result of the emergence of martensitic structures, hardness values have risen. Lower hardness values are obtained at temperatures between 800 °C and 850 °C, whereas 690 HV is the maximum hardness measured at 1208 °C. Increased temperature increases AISI 1045 steel's surface hardness, according to lab testing. According to the compared results, AISI 1045 steel that has been boron and induction treated has a higher hardness value than AISI 1045 steel that has been induction treated.","PeriodicalId":20006,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Di Mineralogia","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78692822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of online advertisements and its impact on the consumers","authors":"","doi":"10.37896/pd91.4/91457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37896/pd91.4/91457","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20006,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Di Mineralogia","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72900317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Shot Peening and Heat Treatment on Fatigue Strength and Microstructure of Stir Casted Al7075-SiC Composites","authors":"","doi":"10.37896/pd91.4/91455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37896/pd91.4/91455","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20006,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Di Mineralogia","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80019584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Received Signal Strength Indicator (Rssi) Based Car Theft Detection System","authors":"","doi":"10.37896/pd91.4/91453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37896/pd91.4/91453","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20006,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Di Mineralogia","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80344028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A New Diet Methodology: The Stevia Diet","authors":"","doi":"10.37896/pd91.4/91454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37896/pd91.4/91454","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20006,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Di Mineralogia","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73143490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HR Analytics- A Comparative Study on HRM Strategies","authors":"","doi":"10.37896/pd91.4/91452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37896/pd91.4/91452","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20006,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Di Mineralogia","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90276658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The focus of this research is on cellular manufacturing systems based on group technology concepts. The primary goal of CM is to organize machines and parts into cells and families. The cell creation problem is the focus of the majority of suggested models, algorithms, and approaches. Only a few people have thought about the feasibility study and the cell formation issue. A new similarity coefficient strategy for handling cell formation challenges in cellular manufacturing is proposed along with operation sequence in this research. Three strategies are used to integrate a feasibility assessment with the cell formation challenge in this study. This study takes into account performance indicators such as the percentage of Exceptional Elements (PE), Machine Utilization (MU), Bond Efficiency (BE), Grouping Technology Efficiency (GTE), and Efficiency of Intra-cell Movements (EIM). The proposed similarity coefficient approach is used to identify the optimal number of cells before generating a cell formation. The proposed method has been tested on some of the most well-known cases in the literature, such as real-occasion industrialized data. The computational findings show that in the majority of the situations, the proposed similarity coefficient approach produces the best outcomes. The suggested technique is evaluated to two familiar clustering approaches, Rusell & Rao and the ROC algorithm, which were chosen from the literature. Five performance measures are used for comparison and evaluation. Finally, the data are analyzed to see if the proposed similarity coefficient approach can be tested and validated. The results show that using the novel similarity coefficient approach produces results that are on par with or better than those obtained using other clustering methods.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Integrating Feasibility Assessment and Cell Formation Problem Using Modified Similarity Coefficient Method","authors":"S. Raja","doi":"10.37896/pd91.3/9141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37896/pd91.3/9141","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this research is on cellular manufacturing systems based on group technology concepts. The primary goal of CM is to organize machines and parts into cells and families. The cell creation problem is the focus of the majority of suggested models, algorithms, and approaches. Only a few people have thought about the feasibility study and the cell formation issue. A new similarity coefficient strategy for handling cell formation challenges in cellular manufacturing is proposed along with operation sequence in this research. Three strategies are used to integrate a feasibility assessment with the cell formation challenge in this study. This study takes into account performance indicators such as the percentage of Exceptional Elements (PE), Machine Utilization (MU), Bond Efficiency (BE), Grouping Technology Efficiency (GTE), and Efficiency of Intra-cell Movements (EIM). The proposed similarity coefficient approach is used to identify the optimal number of cells before generating a cell formation. The proposed method has been tested on some of the most well-known cases in the literature, such as real-occasion industrialized data. The computational findings show that in the majority of the situations, the proposed similarity coefficient approach produces the best outcomes. The suggested technique is evaluated to two familiar clustering approaches, Rusell & Rao and the ROC algorithm, which were chosen from the literature. Five performance measures are used for comparison and evaluation. Finally, the data are analyzed to see if the proposed similarity coefficient approach can be tested and validated. The results show that using the novel similarity coefficient approach produces results that are on par with or better than those obtained using other clustering methods.","PeriodicalId":20006,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Di Mineralogia","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86114352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The well-known source of digital degradation is camera shake, photos under dim light and a handheld camera etc. Extensive research has taken place over the last decade in the field of retrieving a latent image from burry input; most of them work quite well, but very often incur to blur in edges. This paper has been proposed a new deblurring method in which the high-frequency layer is extracted from the blurred image using a 2D Haar wavelet transform in the luminance channel, then from the high-frequency layer, rich edge region is extracted using GLCM and sliding window concepts after the canny edge detection process. Finally, the extracted rich edge region is used to estimate the blur kernel using the elastic net regularization of singular value. Here regularization is used to avoid over-fitting of the data and reduces the blurring effects of the image. Experimental result demonstrates that the proposed deblurring algorithm achieves the better results on natural images which are evaluated using the parameter such as PSNR and SSIM.
{"title":"Blind Image Deblurring using GLCM and ElasticNet Regularization","authors":"Jothi Lakshmi, Ramesh Kumar","doi":"10.37896/pd91.4/91451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37896/pd91.4/91451","url":null,"abstract":"The well-known source of digital degradation is camera shake, photos under dim light and a handheld camera etc. Extensive research has taken place over the last decade in the field of retrieving a latent image from burry input; most of them work quite well, but very often incur to blur in edges. This paper has been proposed a new deblurring method in which the high-frequency layer is extracted from the blurred image using a 2D Haar wavelet transform in the luminance channel, then from the high-frequency layer, rich edge region is extracted using GLCM and sliding window concepts after the canny edge detection process. Finally, the extracted rich edge region is used to estimate the blur kernel using the elastic net regularization of singular value. Here regularization is used to avoid over-fitting of the data and reduces the blurring effects of the image. Experimental result demonstrates that the proposed deblurring algorithm achieves the better results on natural images which are evaluated using the parameter such as PSNR and SSIM.","PeriodicalId":20006,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Di Mineralogia","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79104075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neem biodiesel is enriched with antioxidant Piper nigrum ethyl acetate extract as a corrosion inhibitor for copper metal surface. The corrosion rate and corrosion inhibition efficiency at different acid values and temperature were evaluated and analysed. Notably, ASTM D130 evaluation reveals 98.0% corrosion inhibition efficiency in biodiesel. Impulsive adsorption of inhibitors on the metal surface was substantiated by negative free energy and heat of adsorption values. SEM surface morphological recordings were employed to study the surface changes of copper subjected for corrosion inhibition studies that revealed the protective nature of the inhibitor. Engine performance evaluations are found to be on par with the results of neem biodiesel alone and conventional diesel itself. Based on the above results, a new environmental-harmless corrosion inhibitor for copper corrosion in biodiesel is unearthed for practical purpose. Hence, this enriched biodiesel can be used as an alternative fuel that not only has good fuel value but also corrosion inhibition.
{"title":"Enriched Neem Biodiesel With Piper Nigrum Ethyl Acetate Extract For Corrosion Inhibition Of Copper","authors":"S. Iyyappan, P. Kannan, K. V. Kumar, V. Nagarajan","doi":"10.37896/pd91.3/9144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37896/pd91.3/9144","url":null,"abstract":"Neem biodiesel is enriched with antioxidant Piper nigrum ethyl acetate extract as a corrosion inhibitor for copper metal surface. The corrosion rate and corrosion inhibition efficiency at different acid values and temperature were evaluated and analysed. Notably, ASTM D130 evaluation reveals 98.0% corrosion inhibition efficiency in biodiesel. Impulsive adsorption of inhibitors on the metal surface was substantiated by negative free energy and heat of adsorption values. SEM surface morphological recordings were employed to study the surface changes of copper subjected for corrosion inhibition studies that revealed the protective nature of the inhibitor. Engine performance evaluations are found to be on par with the results of neem biodiesel alone and conventional diesel itself. Based on the above results, a new environmental-harmless corrosion inhibitor for copper corrosion in biodiesel is unearthed for practical purpose. Hence, this enriched biodiesel can be used as an alternative fuel that not only has good fuel value but also corrosion inhibition.","PeriodicalId":20006,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Di Mineralogia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83082604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Babu, S. Dhamotharan, R. Jayaram, P. Saravanamuthukumar
In the twenty-first century, a new and advanced technology is being developed: miniaturization of gadgets. Miniaturization of devices is necessitated in several fields by the development of micro- and nano-scale components. From sub micron to several hundred microns, these components offer a high tolerance for a range of technical materials. A few examples of these fields include: optics, electrical devices, medicine, biotechnology, and aviation. As part of this study, researchers looked at the most current advances in micro cutting, micro electrical discharge, laser, and focused Ion Beam Machining (FIBM) technologies. During the comparison of four distinct machining methods, other criteria such as the material of the work piece, the minimum feature size, the maximum aspect ratio, and the surface polish were also taken into consideration.
{"title":"A Summary of Recent Breakthroughs in Micro- and Nano-Machining Technologies","authors":"B. Babu, S. Dhamotharan, R. Jayaram, P. Saravanamuthukumar","doi":"10.37896/pd91.4/91450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37896/pd91.4/91450","url":null,"abstract":"In the twenty-first century, a new and advanced technology is being developed: miniaturization of gadgets. Miniaturization of devices is necessitated in several fields by the development of micro- and nano-scale components. From sub micron to several hundred microns, these components offer a high tolerance for a range of technical materials. A few examples of these fields include: optics, electrical devices, medicine, biotechnology, and aviation. As part of this study, researchers looked at the most current advances in micro cutting, micro electrical discharge, laser, and focused Ion Beam Machining (FIBM) technologies. During the comparison of four distinct machining methods, other criteria such as the material of the work piece, the minimum feature size, the maximum aspect ratio, and the surface polish were also taken into consideration.","PeriodicalId":20006,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Di Mineralogia","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89241921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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