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Neck or Shoulder? Establishing Consensus for Spine Screening in Patients with Shoulder Pain: an International Modified Delphi Study. 颈部还是肩部?建立肩痛患者脊柱筛查共识:国际修正德尔菲研究
IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae133
Néstor Requejo-Salinas, Rubén Fernández-Matías, Angela Cadogan, Rachel Chester, Jean-Sébastien Roy, Filip Struyf, Marcus Bateman, Simon Balster, Melina Nevoeiro Haik, Amee L Seitz, Leanne Bisset, Paula Rezende Camargo, Jean-Michel Brismée, Stephen May, Tom Walker, Craig Wassinger, Ross Lenssen, Jared K Powell, Karen McCreesh, Jo Gibson, Paula M Ludewig, Roy La Touche, Enrique Lluch-Girbés

Objective: There is no established consensus for screening the spine in patients with shoulder pain. The aim of this study was to explore the role of the spine in shoulder pain and generate a set of recommendations for assessing the potential involvement of the spine in patients with shoulder pain.

Methods: A modified Delphi study was conducted through use of an international shoulder physical therapist's expert panel. Three domains (clinical reasoning, history, physical examination) were evaluated using a Likert scale, with consensus defined as Aiken Validity Index ≥0.7.

Results: Twenty-two physical therapists participated. Consensus was reached on a total of 30 items: clinical reasoning (n = 9), history (n = 13), and physical examination (n = 8). The statement that spinal and shoulder disorders can coexist, sometimes influencing each other and at other times remaining independent issues, along with the concept of radiating pain as an explanatory phenomenon for the spine contribution to shoulder pain, achieved the highest degree of consensus.

Conclusion: International physical therapists shoulder experts reached consensus on key aspects when screening the spine in people with shoulder pain, including consideration of the distal location of symptoms relative to the shoulder, the presence or previous history of neck pain, the changes in symptoms related to neck movements, and the presence of neuropathic-like symptoms. They also acknowledged the importance of assessing active cervical or cervicothoracic movements and the usefulness of the Spurling test and symptom modification techniques applied to the spine.

目的:对于肩痛患者的脊柱筛查,目前尚未达成共识。本研究旨在探讨脊柱在肩痛中的作用,并为评估肩痛患者脊柱可能受累的情况提出一套建议:方法:通过国际肩部物理治疗师专家小组进行了一项改良德尔菲研究。采用李克特量表对三个领域(临床推理、病史、体格检查)进行评估,艾肯有效性指数≥0.7即为达成共识:结果:22 名物理治疗师参加了此次活动。结果:22 名物理治疗师参加了此次调查,共就 30 个项目达成共识:临床推理(9 个)、病史(13 个)和体格检查(8 个)。脊柱疾病和肩部疾病可同时存在,有时相互影响,有时又各自独立,这一说法以及放射痛作为脊柱导致肩部疼痛的一种解释现象的概念获得了最高程度的共识:国际物理治疗师肩部专家在肩痛患者脊柱筛查的关键方面达成了共识,包括考虑症状相对于肩部的远端位置、颈部疼痛的存在或既往史、与颈部运动相关的症状变化以及神经病理性症状的存在。他们还承认评估颈椎或颈胸椎活动的重要性,以及应用于脊柱的斯普林测试和症状调整技术的实用性。
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引用次数: 0
"I Have Faith in God That I Will Get Better"-The Multidimensional Perceptions and Expectations of Patients with Chronic Shoulder Pain: A Qualitative Analysis of Common Sense. "我相信上帝,我会好起来的"--慢性肩痛患者的多维感知与期望:常识的定性分析。
IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae132
Letícia Jonas Freitas, Gisele Harumi Hotta, Rafael Krasic Alaiti, Leandro Fukusawa, Domingo Palacios-Ceña, Anamaria Siriani Oliveira

Objective: This descriptive qualitative study aimed to gain insights into the expectations of individuals with chronic shoulder pain and to investigate how different levels of disability may influence their beliefs and expectations regarding improvement.

Methods: This qualitative study utilized the Common Sense Model (CSM) as its theoretical framework. Conducted within a public physical therapist clinic, individuals with chronic shoulder pain who were awaiting the initiation of the treatment were included. Participants, female and male [aged 30 to 69 years], were purposefully sampled. Thirty participants, categorized into 2 groups based on the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) scores, underwent semi-structured interviews. Group 1, lower SPADI scores (0 to 60), had 10 participants, and Group 2, higher SPADI scores (61 to 100), had 20 participants. Thematic analysis and inductive coding were employed to analyze the interviews.

Results: Common themes emerged in both groups: the use of medical terms for understanding the diagnosis and the multidimensional impact of pain. The last 2 themes differed between groups. Notable differences included Group 1's focus on resources for pain relief and positive expectations with physical therapy, while Group 2 emphasized rest, religion as a resource for pain relief, and God's role in improvement.

Conclusion: These findings highlight the complexity of beliefs and expectations among patients with chronic shoulder pain. Individuals with greater disability often incorporated religious beliefs into their coping strategies, but they held lower recovery expectations and reported negative treatment experiences. These insights have implications for tailoring patient-centered care approaches.

Impact: This study underscores the need for health care providers to consider the multidimensionality of recovery expectations, which can significantly influence patient outcomes. Clinicians can reflect on this knowledge to optimize treatment strategies and improve patient prognosis.

研究目的这项描述性定性研究旨在深入了解慢性肩痛患者的期望,并探讨不同程度的残疾会如何影响他们对改善的信念和期望:本定性研究采用常识模型(CSM)作为理论框架。这项定性研究以常识模型(CSM)为理论框架,在一家公共理疗师诊所内进行,研究对象包括正在等待开始治疗的慢性肩痛患者。我们有目的地抽取了女性和男性参与者(年龄在 30 岁至 69 岁之间)。根据肩部疼痛和残疾指数(SPADI)的评分,30 名参与者被分为两组,并接受了半结构化访谈。第一组,SPADI 分数较低(0 至 60 分),有 10 名参与者;第二组,SPADI 分数较高(61 至 100 分),有 20 名参与者。采用主题分析法和归纳编码法对访谈进行分析:结果:两组都出现了共同的主题:使用医学术语来理解诊断和疼痛的多方面影响。两组的后两个主题有所不同。值得注意的差异包括第一组侧重于缓解疼痛的资源和对物理治疗的积极期望,而第二组则强调休息、宗教作为缓解疼痛的资源以及上帝在改善中的作用:这些发现凸显了慢性肩痛患者信仰和期望的复杂性。残疾程度较高的患者通常将宗教信仰纳入其应对策略中,但他们对康复的期望较低,并报告了消极的治疗经历。这些见解对定制以患者为中心的护理方法具有重要意义:这项研究强调,医疗服务提供者需要考虑康复期望的多面性,因为康复期望会极大地影响患者的治疗效果。临床医生可以利用这些知识来优化治疗策略,改善患者的预后。
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引用次数: 0
Cognitive Functional Therapy for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 治疗慢性腰背痛的认知功能疗法:系统回顾与元分析》(Cognitive Functional Therapy for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae128
Lena Thiveos, Peter Kent, Natasha C Pocovi, Peter O'Sullivan, Mark J Hancock

Objective: The objective was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive functional therapy (CFT) in the management of people with chronic nonspecific low back pain (LBP) and explore the variability in available trials to understand the factors which may affect the effectiveness of the intervention.

Methods: A systematic review with meta-analyses was conducted. Four databases were searched from inception to October 12th 2023. Randomized controlled trials investigating CFT compared to any control group in patients with nonspecific LBP were included. Mean difference and 95% CIs were calculated for pain, disability, and pain self-efficacy. Certainty of evidence was evaluated with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Results: Seven trials were included. Low to moderate certainty of evidence was found that CFT was effective for disability at short, medium, and long term time points compared to alternate treatments, including usual care. Low to moderate certainty of evidence was found that CFT is effective for pain in the short and medium terms and probably in the long term. There was high certainty evidence CFT was effective in increasing pain self-efficacy in the medium and long terms. A single study found CFT was cost-effective compared to usual care. Variability was found in the training and implementation of CFT across the included trials, which may contribute to some heterogeneity in the results.

Conclusion: The results show promise in the use of CFT as an intervention likely to effectively manage disability, pain, and self-efficacy in people with chronic nonspecific LBP. The number of clinicians trained, their experience, and quality of training (including competency assessment) may be important in achieving optimal effectiveness.

Impact statement: This is the most comprehensive review of CFT to date and included investigation of between-trial differences. CFT is a promising intervention for chronic LBP and high-quality synthesis of evidence of its effectiveness is important for its clinical application.

目的目的是研究认知功能疗法(CFT)在治疗慢性非特异性腰背痛(LBP)患者方面的有效性,并探讨现有试验的差异性,以了解可能影响干预有效性的因素:方法:采用荟萃分析法进行了系统回顾。方法:进行了一项带有荟萃分析的系统性综述,检索了从开始到 2023 年 10 月 12 日的四个数据库。研究对象包括对非特异性腰痛患者进行 CFT 与任何对照组比较的随机对照试验。计算了疼痛、残疾和疼痛自我效能的平均差和 95% CI。采用建议评估、发展和评价分级法(GRADE)对证据的确定性进行评估:结果:共纳入七项试验。与包括常规护理在内的其他治疗方法相比,CFT在短期、中期和长期时间点上对残疾有效的证据确定性为中低。有中低度确定性证据表明,CFT在短期和中期对疼痛有效,长期可能有效。有高度确定性的证据表明,在中长期内,CFT 能有效提高疼痛自我效能。一项研究发现,与常规护理相比,CFT 具有成本效益。在纳入的各项试验中,CFT的培训和实施存在差异,这可能是导致试验结果不一致的原因之一:结论:研究结果表明,CFT 作为一种干预措施,有望有效控制慢性非特异性腰背痛患者的残疾、疼痛和自我效能。受训临床医生的数量、经验和培训质量(包括能力评估)可能对达到最佳效果非常重要:这是迄今为止对CFT最全面的综述,其中包括对试验间差异的调查。CFT是一种很有前景的慢性腰椎间盘突出症干预方法,对其有效性证据进行高质量的综述对其临床应用非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
Training an Anti-Ableist Physical Therapist Workforce: Critical Perspectives of Health Care Education That Contribute to Health Inequities for People With Disabilities. 培训一支反歧视的物理治疗师队伍:从批判的角度看待导致残疾人健康不平等的医疗保健教育。
IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae092
Cara N Whalen Smith, Susan M Havercamp, Leyla Tosun, Samantha Shetterly, Armin Munir, Winston Kennedy, Heather A Feldner, Deana Herrman, Bethany M Sloane, Faye H Weinstein

Americans with disabilities represent the largest historically underserved and marginalized health disparity population in the United States. This perspective piece will raise the awareness of physical therapist faculty and clinicians on gaps in health care provider knowledge about disability and provide actionable strategies, frameworks, and resources available to improve disability competence to make changes in clinical education and practice. In this perspective piece, 3 contributions are made. First, health disparities experienced by Americans with disabilities as a result of health care providers' biased assumptions about disability and lack of disability competence are described through an in-depth illustration of lived experiences of people with disabilities. Second, a discussion of disability competence in physical therapist education is provided. Finally, critical and evidence-based insights and actionable frameworks and resources to address disability competence training gaps and to promote anti-ableist practice are provided.

美国残疾人是美国历史上服务不足和边缘化程度最高的健康差异人群。本视角文章将提高物理治疗教师和临床医生对医疗服务提供者在残疾知识方面的差距的认识,并提供可行的策略、框架和资源,以提高残疾能力,从而改变临床教育和实践。在这篇观点文章中,我们做出了三点贡献。首先,通过深入阐述残障人士的生活经历,描述了美国残障人士因医疗服务提供者对残障的偏见假设和缺乏残障能力而经历的健康差异。其次,对物理治疗师教育中的残疾能力进行了讨论。最后,提供了重要的循证见解、可操作的框架和资源,以解决残障能力培训方面的差距,促进反残障主义实践。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to: Screening and Assessment of Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Clinical Practice Guideline for Health Care Providers. 更正:癌症相关疲劳的筛查与评估:医疗服务提供者临床实践指南》。
IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae126
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引用次数: 0
Health Disparities in Rehabilitation-Education Focus. 康复中的健康差异--教育焦点。
IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae111
Dawn Magnusson
{"title":"Health Disparities in Rehabilitation-Education Focus.","authors":"Dawn Magnusson","doi":"10.1093/ptj/pzae111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzae111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20093,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of a 4-Week Telerehabilitation Program for People With Post-COVID Syndrome on Physical Function and Symptoms: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. 为期 4 周的远程康复计划对后科静脉曲张综合征患者身体功能和症状的影响:随机对照试验方案》。
IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae080
Jack M Reeves, Lissa M Spencer, Ling-Ling Tsai, Andrew J Baillie, Yuna Han, Regina W M Leung, Joshua A Bishop, Lauren K Troy, Tamera J Corte, Alan K Y Teoh, Matthew Peters, Carly Barton, Lynette Jones, Jennifer A Alison

Objective: COVID-19 has led to significant morbidity and mortality globally. Post-COVID sequelae can persist beyond the acute and subacute phases of infection, often termed post-COVID syndrome (PCS). There is limited evidence on the appropriate rehabilitation for people with PCS. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect on exercise capacity, symptoms, cognition, anxiety, depression, health-related quality of life, and fatigue of a 4-week, twice-weekly supervised pulmonary telerehabilitation program compared with usual medical care for people with PCS with persistent respiratory symptoms.

Methods: The study will be a multi-site randomized controlled trial with assessor blinding. Participants with confirmed previous COVID-19 infection and persistent respiratory symptoms who attend a post-COVID respiratory clinic will be randomized 1:1 to either an intervention group of 4 weeks, twice-weekly pulmonary telerehabilitation or a control group of usual medical care. Participants in the control group will be invited to cross-over into the intervention group after the week 4 assessment. Primary outcome: exercise capacity measured by the 1-minute sit-to-stand test. Secondary outcomes: 5 repetition sit-to-stand test; Montreal Cognitive Assessment; COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Scale; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test; 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; Fatigue Severity Scale; and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. Outcomes will be collected at baseline, after 4-weeks intervention or control period, after intervention in the cross-over group, and at 12-month follow-up.

Impact: Research into effective rehabilitation programs is crucial given the substantial morbidity associated with PCS and the lack of long-term data for COVID-19 recovery. A short-duration pulmonary telerehabilitation program, if effective compared with usual care, could inform practice guidelines and direct future clinical trials for the benefit of individuals with persistent respiratory symptoms post-COVID.

目的:COVID-19 在全球范围内导致了严重的发病率和死亡率。COVID 后遗症可持续到感染的急性期和亚急性期之后,通常称为 COVID 后综合征 (PCS)。关于 PCS 患者的适当康复治疗,目前证据有限。本研究的目的是评估与常规医疗相比,为期四周、每周两次的肺部远程康复项目对有持续呼吸道症状的 PCS 患者的运动能力、症状、认知、焦虑、抑郁、健康相关生活质量(HRQoL)和疲劳的影响:该研究将是一项多地点随机对照试验(RCT),对评估者实行盲法。曾确诊感染过 COVID-19 并有持续呼吸道症状、在 COVID 后呼吸道门诊就诊的参与者将按 1:1 随机分配到干预组(IG)或对照组(CG),干预组将进行为期 4 周、每周两次的肺部远程康复训练,对照组将进行常规医疗护理。第 4 周评估结束后,CG 组的参与者将被邀请转入 IG 组。主要结果:通过 1 分钟坐立测试测量运动能力。次要结果5次重复坐立测试、蒙特利尔认知评估、COVID-19约克郡康复量表、慢性阻塞性肺病评估测试、36项短式健康调查、医院焦虑和抑郁量表、疲劳严重程度量表和凯斯勒心理压力量表。结果将在基线、4周干预或对照组、交叉组干预后以及12个月随访时收集:影响声明:鉴于与肺结核相关的发病率很高,且缺乏 COVID-19 康复的长期数据,因此研究有效的康复计划至关重要。如果短期肺部远程康复项目与常规护理相比效果显著,则可为实践指南提供参考,并指导未来的临床试验,从而使 COVID 后出现持续呼吸道症状的患者受益。
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引用次数: 0
Equitable Grading Practices in Physical Therapist Education: A Case Report. 物理治疗师教育中的公平评分实践:案例报告。
IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae084
Shannon Richardson, Monica Dial, Janet Kneiss, Nipaporn Somyoo, Kimberly Varnado

Objective: To optimize learning in physical therapist education, learners need opportunities to grow from their unique starting points. Traditional grading practices like A to F grades, zero grades, and grading on timeliness and professionalism hinder content mastery and accurate competency assessment. Grading should focus on mastery of skill and content, using summative assessments for final grades, a no-zero policy, and actionable feedback. Equitable grading supports learners from all backgrounds and identities and promotes academic success. This case study provides guidance and recommendations for implementing equitable grading practices in academic physical therapist programs.

Methods: Over a 2-year period, a doctor of physical therapy program began implementing 5 strategies to create more equitable grading practices: (1) eliminating zero grades, (2) allowing late assignment submissions without penalty, (3) using low-stakes formative assessments throughout the semester, (4) weighing end-of-course assessments more heavily than initial ones, and (5) offering a no-stakes anatomy prep course before matriculation.

Results: Outcomes from implementing equitable grading practices varied. Some learners felt increased stress from fewer points opportunities, while others appreciated the reduced anxiety from low-stakes assessments. Some saw multiple attempts for peers as unfair. Faculty faced higher workloads due to detailed feedback and remediation but believed it benefited learners. Median final grades improved in some courses, remained stable in others, and slightly decreased in one. Overall, the changes had minimal impact on most learners' grades but significantly improved outcomes and retention for struggling learners.

Conclusion: This case report documents the implementation of equitable grading practices in a Doctor of Physical Therapy program, offering valuable insights and recommendations for other institutions aiming to adopt similar practices.

Impact: Inequity in assessment widens the gap between learners entering professional programs. Equitable assessment practices level the playing field, enabling learners from diverse backgrounds and identities to succeed. Increased diversity benefits everyone, especially patients, by reducing health disparities for historically marginalized groups.

目的:为了优化理疗师教育中的学习,学习者需要有机会从其独特的起点开始成长。传统的评分方法,如从 A 到 F 的评分、零分,以及根据及时性和专业性评分等,都会阻碍学生对内容的掌握和准确的能力评估。评分应侧重于对技能和内容的掌握,采用终结性评价来评定最终成绩,实行无零分政策,并提供可操作的反馈。公平的评分能为来自各种背景和身份的学习者提供支持,促进学业成功。本案例研究为在物理治疗学术项目中实施公平评分实践提供了指导和建议:在为期两年的时间里,一个 DPT 项目开始实施 5 项策略,以建立更公平的评分方法:(1)取消零分;(2)允许迟交作业而不受惩罚;(3)在整个学期中使用低风险的形成性评估;(4)课程结束评估比初始评估更重要;(5)在入学前提供无风险的解剖预科课程:实施公平评分的结果各不相同。一些学生因得分机会减少而感到压力增大,而另一些学生则因低风险评估而减轻了焦虑。有些人认为对同伴的多次尝试是不公平的。由于要进行详细的反馈和补救,教师的工作量增加了,但他们认为这对学习者有利。一些课程的期末成绩中位数有所提高,另一些保持稳定,还有一门略有下降。总的来说,这些变化对大多数学习者的成绩影响甚微,但对有困难的学习者来说,却大大提高了学习成绩和保留率:本案例报告记录了在一个 DPT 项目中实施公平评分的实践,为其他旨在采用类似实践的机构提供了宝贵的见解和建议:影响:不公平的评估拉大了专业课程学习者之间的差距。公平的评估实践为来自不同背景和身份的学习者提供了公平的竞争环境,使他们能够取得成功。通过减少历史上被边缘化的群体在健康方面的差距,提高多样性对每个人都有好处,尤其是对病人。
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引用次数: 0
National Benchmarks to Understand How Doctor of Physical Therapy Learners From Minoritized Race and Ethnicity Groups Perceive Their Physical Therapist Education Program. 了解少数种族和族裔群体的理疗博士学员如何看待理疗师教育课程的国家基准。
IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae047
Richard K Shields, Julia Chevan, Kai Kennedy, Charlotte Bailey, Shauna Dudley-Javoroski

Objective: The demographic homogeneity of the physical therapist workforce and its educational pathway may undermine the profession's potential to improve the health of society. Building academic environments that support the development of all learners is fundamental to building a workforce to meet societal health care needs. The Benchmarking in Physical Therapy Education study uses the Physical Therapy Graduation Questionnaire to comprehensively assess learner perceptions of the physical therapist academic environment. The present report examined whether racial and ethnic minoritized (REM) physical therapist learners perceive their doctor of physical therapy education differently from their non-REM peers.

Methods: Five thousand and eighty graduating doctor of physical therapy learners in 89 institutions provided demographic data and perceptions of a range of learning environment domains. Analyses included REM versus non-REM comparisons as well as comparisons among individual race and ethnicity groups.

Results: Compared with their non-minoritized peers, REM respondents expressed less satisfaction with their education and lower confidence in their preparedness for entry-level practice. REM respondents observed more faculty professionalism disconnects and demonstrated less agreement that their program had fostered their overall psychological well-being. REM respondents experienced higher rates of mistreatment than their peers and reported higher rates of exhaustion and disengagement, the 2 axes of academic burnout. Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino/a/x (Hispanic, Latino, Latina, and/or Latinx) respondents incurred significantly more educational debt than Asian and White respondents. REM respondents reported greater empathy and greater interest in working in underserved communities.

Conclusion: REM respondents perceived the physical therapist learning environment more negatively than their non-minoritized peers but expressed strong interest in serving people from underserved communities. These national benchmarks offer academic institutions the opportunity to self-assess their own environment and to work to improve the quality of the educational experience for all learners.

Impact: In a nationwide benchmarking study, learners from minoritized race and ethnicity backgrounds reported more negative experiences and outcomes during physical therapist education than their non-minoritized peers. These same learners demonstrated high empathy and interest in serving people from underserved (under-resourced) communities. Learning environments that permit all individuals to thrive may be an essential avenue to improve the health of a rapidly diversifying society.

目的:物理治疗师队伍及其教育途径的人口同质性可能会削弱该职业改善社会健康的潜力。建立支持所有学习者发展的学术环境,是培养满足社会医疗保健需求的人才队伍的基础。物理治疗教育基准研究使用物理治疗毕业问卷来全面评估学习者对物理治疗师学术环境的看法。本报告研究了少数种族和族裔(REM)理疗师学员对其理疗博士(DPT)教育的看法是否与非少数种族和族裔同龄人不同:方法:89 所院校的 580 名即将毕业的 DPT 学员提供了人口统计学数据以及对一系列学习环境领域的看法。分析包括快速眼动与非快速眼动的比较,以及不同种族和民族群体之间的比较:结果:与非轻视化的同龄人相比,轻视化受访者对自己所受教育的满意度较低,对自己为入门级实践所做准备的信心也较低。REM 受访者观察到更多的教师专业脱节现象,并且不太认同他们的课程促进了他们的整体心理健康。与同龄人相比,REM 受访者遭受虐待的比例较高,并且报告了较高的疲惫感和脱离感(学术倦怠的两个轴心)。黑人/非裔美国人和拉美裔/拉丁裔/a/x(西班牙裔、拉丁裔、拉美裔和/或拉丁裔)受访者的教育债务明显高于亚裔和白人受访者。REM受访者对在服务不足的社区工作表示出更大的同理心和兴趣:结论:少数民族受访者对理疗师学习环境的看法比非少数民族受访者更消极,但他们对为服务不足社区的人们提供服务表示出浓厚的兴趣。这些国家基准为学术机构提供了自我评估自身环境的机会,并努力提高所有学习者的教育体验质量:在一项全国性的基准研究中,来自少数种族和民族背景的学习者在接受理疗师教育期间所报告的负面经历和结果要多于非少数种族和民族背景的学习者。这些学员表现出高度的同理心,并有兴趣为来自服务不足(资源不足)社区的人们提供服务。让所有人都能茁壮成长的学习环境可能是改善快速多元化社会健康状况的重要途径。
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引用次数: 0
Frontloaded Home Health Physical Therapy Reduces Hospital Readmissions among Medicare Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries. 前置式家庭医疗物理治疗减少了医疗保险付费服务受益人的再住院率。
IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae127
Kevin McLaughlin, Joseph F Levy, Jenni S Reiff, Julia Burgdorf, Lisa Reider

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to determine a claims-based definition of frontloaded home health physical therapy (HHPT) and examine the effect of frontloaded HHPT visits on all-cause 30-day hospital readmissions.

Methods: This study used a retrospective analysis of Medicare fee-for-service claims from older adults (≥65 years) in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS; 2011-2017) with ≥1 HHPT visit within 30 days of a hospitalization (n = 1344 hospitalizations; weighted n = 7,727,384). An exploratory analysis of home health claim distribution was conducted to determine definitions of frontloaded HHPT. Generalized linear models were then used to examine the relationship between hospital readmission and each definition of frontloading.

Results: Four definitions of frontloaded HHPT were identified: ≥2 HHPT visits in the first week after discharge; ≥3 visits in the first week; ≥4 visits in the first 2 weeks; and ≥ 5 visits in the first 2 weeks. The adjusted risk of readmission was lower for older adults receiving frontloaded HHPT in the first week: (risk ratio [RR] for ≥2 vs <2 visits = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.41-0.79; RR for ≥3 vs <3 visits = 0.39; 95% CI = 0.22-0.72). The reduction in risk of readmission was even greater for older adults receiving ≥4 versus <4 HHPT visits (RR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.21-0.48) and ≥ 5 versus <5 HHPT visits (RR = 0.27; 95% CI = 0.14-0.50) within the first 2 weeks. The effect of HHPT frontloading was greater for patients hospitalized with surgical versus medical diagnoses and for patients with diagnoses targeted by the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program.

Conclusion: Frontloaded HHPT reduces 30-day hospital readmissions among Medicare beneficiaries. Additional research is needed to determine the optimal number of visits and those most likely to benefit from frontloaded HHPT.

Impact: Frontloaded HHPT can be an effective approach for reducing 30-day hospital readmissions among Medicare beneficiaries.

目的:本文旨在确定基于索赔的前置家庭健康理疗(HHPT)定义,并研究前置 HHPT 就诊对全因 30 天再入院的影响:本文旨在确定基于理赔的前置家庭健康理疗(HHPT)定义,并研究前置家庭健康理疗就诊对全因 30 天再入院率的影响:本研究采用了一项回顾性分析,分析对象是 "全国健康与老龄化趋势研究"(NHATS;2011-2017 年)中住院 30 天内接受过一次 HHPT 治疗的老年人(≥65 岁)(n = 1344 次住院;加权 n = 7,727,384 人)。对家庭医疗索赔分布进行了探索性分析,以确定前置 HHPT 的定义。然后使用广义线性模型来检验再入院与每种前置负荷定义之间的关系:结果:确定了四种前置 HHPT 定义:出院后第一周内 HHPT 就诊次数≥2 次;第一周内就诊次数≥3 次;前两周内就诊次数≥4 次;前两周内就诊次数≥5 次。在第一周接受前置 HHPT 治疗的老年人的调整后再入院风险较低:(风险比[RR]≥2 vs 结论:前置 HHPT 可降低老年人再次入院的风险:前置 HHPT 可降低医疗保险受益人的 30 天再入院率。需要开展更多研究,以确定最佳就诊次数以及最有可能从前负荷 HHPT 中受益的人群:影响:前置 HHPT 可以有效降低医疗保险受益人的 30 天再入院率。
{"title":"Frontloaded Home Health Physical Therapy Reduces Hospital Readmissions among Medicare Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries.","authors":"Kevin McLaughlin, Joseph F Levy, Jenni S Reiff, Julia Burgdorf, Lisa Reider","doi":"10.1093/ptj/pzae127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzae127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this paper is to determine a claims-based definition of frontloaded home health physical therapy (HHPT) and examine the effect of frontloaded HHPT visits on all-cause 30-day hospital readmissions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a retrospective analysis of Medicare fee-for-service claims from older adults (≥65 years) in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS; 2011-2017) with ≥1 HHPT visit within 30 days of a hospitalization (n = 1344 hospitalizations; weighted n = 7,727,384). An exploratory analysis of home health claim distribution was conducted to determine definitions of frontloaded HHPT. Generalized linear models were then used to examine the relationship between hospital readmission and each definition of frontloading.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four definitions of frontloaded HHPT were identified: ≥2 HHPT visits in the first week after discharge; ≥3 visits in the first week; ≥4 visits in the first 2 weeks; and ≥ 5 visits in the first 2 weeks. The adjusted risk of readmission was lower for older adults receiving frontloaded HHPT in the first week: (risk ratio [RR] for ≥2 vs <2 visits = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.41-0.79; RR for ≥3 vs <3 visits = 0.39; 95% CI = 0.22-0.72). The reduction in risk of readmission was even greater for older adults receiving ≥4 versus <4 HHPT visits (RR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.21-0.48) and ≥ 5 versus <5 HHPT visits (RR = 0.27; 95% CI = 0.14-0.50) within the first 2 weeks. The effect of HHPT frontloading was greater for patients hospitalized with surgical versus medical diagnoses and for patients with diagnoses targeted by the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Frontloaded HHPT reduces 30-day hospital readmissions among Medicare beneficiaries. Additional research is needed to determine the optimal number of visits and those most likely to benefit from frontloaded HHPT.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Frontloaded HHPT can be an effective approach for reducing 30-day hospital readmissions among Medicare beneficiaries.</p>","PeriodicalId":20093,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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Physical Therapy
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