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Influence of using history of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for neutropenia caused by combination therapy of ramucirumab and docetaxel. 使用免疫检查点抑制剂治疗史对ramucirumab和多西他赛联合疗法引起的中性粒细胞减少症的影响。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2022.2403
H Ohno, S Mano, N Katagiri, R Oguri, K Miyazaki, K Ito, Y Sekiya, K Inoue, A Masuda, A Tsuzuku, F Asano, T Hirashita, T Hayashi

Recently, pretreatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been shown to enhance the therapeutic effects of the combination therapy of ramucirumab (RAM) and docetaxel (DTX); however, its influence on the drug's side effects remains unclear. This study investigated the influence of pretreatment with ICIs on the incidence of neutropenia caused by RAM + DTX therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients with NSCLC who received RAM + DTX therapy at Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center between April 2016 and December 2020 were enrolled. Retrospective data regarding age, sex, performance status and detailed treatment history, among others, at treatment initiation were collected from the patients' electronic medical records. Additionally, data on the course number of RAM + DTX therapy, supportive therapy and blood biochemical parameters, including leukocyte and neutrocyte counts, during the treatment period were collected. We identified 41 patients receiving RAM + DTX therapy. Among the more than grade 3 adverse events caused by this therapy, neutropenia was the most common (78.1%). Despite the fact that all previous risk factors influencing this incidence rate had corresponded, the only factor influencing the incidence rate of neutropenia more than grade 3 was ICI treatment history. A difference in the incidence of neutropenia more than grade 3 in the Kaplan-Meier curve was observed between patients with and without ICI pretreatment history (p = 0.037). The pretreatment history of ICI therapy affects the incidence of neutropenia caused by RAM + DTX therapy in patients with NSCLC.

最近,免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)的预处理已被证明可增强雷莫芦单抗(RAM)和多西他赛(DTX)联合疗法的治疗效果;然而,其对药物副作用的影响仍不清楚。本研究调查了 ICIs 预处理对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者接受 RAM + DTX 治疗后中性粒细胞减少症发生率的影响。研究对象为2016年4月至2020年12月期间在岐阜县综合医疗中心接受RAM + DTX治疗的NSCLC患者。从患者的电子病历中收集了开始治疗时的年龄、性别、表现状态和详细治疗史等回顾性数据。此外,我们还收集了治疗期间 RAM + DTX 治疗的疗程数、支持疗法和血液生化指标(包括白细胞和中性粒细胞计数)的数据。我们确定了 41 名接受 RAM + DTX 治疗的患者。在该疗法引起的三级以上不良反应中,中性粒细胞减少症最为常见(78.1%)。尽管之前影响这一发病率的所有风险因素都是一致的,但影响中性粒细胞减少症3级以上发病率的唯一因素是ICI治疗史。在 Kaplan-Meier 曲线中,有 ICI 治疗史和没有 ICI 治疗史的患者中性粒细胞减少超过 3 级的发生率存在差异(p = 0.037)。ICI 治疗史会影响 RAM + DTX 治疗 NSCLC 患者中性粒细胞减少症的发生率。
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引用次数: 0
Cinchona bark and quinine in the Portuguese official pharmacopoeias (1794-2001). 葡萄牙官方药典中的金鸡纳树皮和奎宁(1794-2001)。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2022.2034
M G Semedo, A L Pereira, J R Pita

Cinchona bark (bark from plants of the genus Cinchona with antimalarial activity) and its alkaloid quinine were widely used to treat intermittent fevers. This paper aims to quantitatively analyze the presence of Cinchona bark, quinine and other Cinchona bark-derived substances in the Portuguese official pharmacopoeias published between 1794 and 2001. The analysis showed that the Pharmacopêa Portugueza (1876) is the Portuguese official pharmacopeia with the highest percentage of medicines containing Cinchona bark (2.61%). The Farmacopeia Portuguesa IV (1935) is the official pharmacopeia with the highest percentage of quinine-containing medicines (2.34%). Medicines made from Cinchona bark are present in the Portuguese official pharmacopoeias until the Farmacopeia Portuguesa IV (1946). Medicines made from quinine have been present in Portuguese official pharmacopoeias since the Codigo Pharmaceutico Lusitano (1835).

金鸡纳树皮(金鸡纳属植物的树皮,具有抗疟疾活性)及其生物碱奎宁被广泛用于治疗间歇性发烧。本文旨在定量分析1794 - 2001年葡萄牙官方药典中金鸡纳树皮、奎宁等金鸡纳树皮衍生物质的存在。分析结果表明,Pharmacopêa葡萄牙药典(1876年)是葡萄牙官方药典中金金纳树皮含量最高的药品(2.61%)。《葡萄牙药典IV》(1935年)是官方药典,其中奎宁含量最高(2.34%)。金鸡纳树皮制成的药物在葡萄牙官方药典中一直存在,直到1946年葡萄牙药典IV (Farmacopeia portuesa IV)。自葡萄牙官方药典Codigo Pharmaceutico Lusitano(1835)以来,奎宁制成的药物已经出现在葡萄牙官方药典中。
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引用次数: 0
BI6727, a polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor, synergizes with gefitinib to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma cells via a G2/M arrest mechanism. 多聚样激酶1抑制剂BI6727与吉非替尼协同作用,通过G2/M抑制机制抑制肝癌细胞。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2022.2392
Qian Zhou, Ting Chen

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer death, which indicates that efficient intervention agents or strategies against HCC are urgently needed. In the present study, we firstly found that a combination of gefitinib (an ep i dermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor) and B I 6727 (a pol o -like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor) could significantly inhibit cell proliferation of HCC cells, which attenuated acquired resistance of gefitinib in HCC cells. Interestingly, our results showed that these anti-tumor effects of gefitinib in combination with BI6727 were associated with G2/M arrest. Moreover, further study revealed that BI6727 could downregulate the protein levels of cell division cycle 25C (Cdc25C) via ubiquitination-dependent pathway, which subsequently induced G2/M arrest. Furthermore, two critical checkpoints proteins ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (p-ATM)/ ATM and Rad-3 related(p-ATR) and another hallmark phosphorylated H2AX (γ-H2AX ) of DNA damage were positively regulated in HCC cells exposed to gefitinib in combination with BI6727. These results indicated that co-treatment induced G2/M arrest was closely related to DNA damage. In summary, the present study discovered that gefitinib synergizing with BI6727 could significantly facilitate DNA damage and overcome acquired resistance of HCC cells to gefitinib. Our study provides a promising approach for the combination of EGFR inhibitors and PLK1 inhibitors in the clinical treatment for HCC.

肝细胞癌(HCC)是导致癌症死亡的第二大原因,这表明我们迫切需要高效的HCC干预药物或策略。在本研究中,我们首先发现吉非替尼(表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)抑制剂)和B I 6727(pol o-like激酶1(PLK1)抑制剂)联合用药能显著抑制HCC细胞的增殖,从而减轻HCC细胞对吉非替尼的获得性耐药。有趣的是,我们的研究结果表明,吉非替尼联合 BI6727 的抗肿瘤作用与 G2/M 停滞有关。此外,进一步研究发现,BI6727可通过泛素依赖途径下调细胞分裂周期25C(Cdc25C)的蛋白水平,从而诱导G2/M停滞。此外,在吉非替尼与BI6727联合治疗的HCC细胞中,两个关键的检查点蛋白ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (p-ATM)/ ATM and Rad-3 related(p-ATR)和DNA损伤的另一个标志物磷酸化H2AX (γ-H2AX)受到了正向调节。这些结果表明,联合治疗诱导的G2/M停滞与DNA损伤密切相关。综上所述,本研究发现吉非替尼与BI6727协同作用可显著促进DNA损伤,克服HCC细胞对吉非替尼的获得性耐药性。我们的研究为表皮生长因子受体抑制剂和PLK1抑制剂联合应用于HCC的临床治疗提供了一种很有前景的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Overview of Dioscorides' recipes in Croatian books of folk recipes. 克罗地亚民间食谱书中迪奥斯科里迪斯的食谱概述。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2022.2027
S Inić, P Gašparac

The aim of this paper is to present an overview of Dioscorides' recipes from his work De materia medica which are found in Croatian folk medicine preserved in books of folk recipes called ljekaruše. The particularities of five published and analysed Croatian books of folk recipes from the 17 th and 18 th century are examined. Recipes with drugs of herbal and animal origin, which are most often mentioned in Croatian books of folk recipes, and which were available in folk medicine at the time, are compared with those from Dioscorides' work. Many herbal drugs described in books of folk recipes are today used in contemporary phytotherapy, and modern biomedical research reveals new bioactive substances and confirms new and potential biological activities in medicinal plants used in folk medicine, which is the basis for further study of De materia medica by Dioscorides and ethnomedicinal collections. Croatian books of folk recipes are a valuable resource for multidisciplinary study, including for medicinal and pharmaceutical historians, philologists and ethnologists.

本文的目的是介绍迪奥斯科里迪斯的食谱概述从他的工作De materia medica,这是在克罗地亚民间医学发现保存在民间食谱的书籍ljekaruše。从17和18世纪出版和分析克罗地亚民间食谱的五本书的特殊性进行了审查。克罗地亚民间食谱中最常提到的草药和动物源药物的食谱,在当时的民间医学中也有,与迪奥斯科里德斯作品中的食谱进行了比较。民间方书中所记载的许多草药如今被用于当代植物疗法,现代生物医学研究发现了新的生物活性物质,并证实了民间医学中所用药用植物中新的和潜在的生物活性,这为薯蓣科植物和民族医药收藏进一步研究本草提供了基础。克罗地亚民间食谱的书籍是多学科研究的宝贵资源,包括医药历史学家、语言学家和民族学家。
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引用次数: 0
Melatonin synergizes with the antinociceptive effect of N-palmitoylethanolamide and paracetamol. 褪黑素与n -棕榈酰乙醇酰胺和扑热息痛协同作用。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2022.2428
N Alavez-Pérez, I S Patiño-Camacho, V Granados-Soto, M Déciga-Campos

Melatonin has been shown to have an antinociceptive effect and its administration could enhance the antinociceptive effect of other drugs. This study assessed the antinociceptive effects of melatonin in combination with paracetamol and N-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) using the formalin test in mice. Melatonin, paracetamol, and PEA were administered intraplantarly (paw) alone or combined to mice. A concentration-response curve was generated to determine the concentration needed to reach 30% of the maximal antinociceptive effect (EC30). Melatonin, paracetamol and PEA induced a concentration-dependent antinociceptive effect in both phases of the formalin test, being PEA more potent (EC30 = 7.4±0.2 mg/paw) than melatonin (EC30 = 20.5±3.1 mg/paw) or paracetamol (EC30 = 41.8±2.6 mg/paw). Combinations of melatonin with paracetamol or PEA also induced a concentration-dependent antinociceptive effect in the formalin test. Isobolographic analysis showed that melatonin interacts synergistically with either paracetamol or PEA to reduce formalin-induced inflammatory pain. However, the experimental values of EC30 were significantly smaller than those calculated theoretically.

褪黑素已被证明具有抗痛觉作用,其施用可增强其他药物的抗痛觉作用。本研究通过福尔马林实验,评估褪黑素与扑热息痛和n -棕榈酰乙醇酰胺(PEA)联合使用对小鼠的抗伤感受作用。褪黑素、扑热息痛和PEA被单独或联合给予小鼠足底(爪)。生成浓度-反应曲线,以确定达到最大抗痛觉效应(EC30)的30%所需的浓度。褪黑素、扑热息痛和PEA在两个阶段的甲醛试验中均诱导了浓度依赖性的抗伤感觉作用,PEA (EC30 = 7.4±0.2 mg/paw)比褪黑素(EC30 = 20.5±3.1 mg/paw)或扑热息痛(EC30 = 41.8±2.6 mg/paw)更有效(EC30 = 20.5±3.1 mg/paw)。在福尔马林试验中,褪黑素与扑热息痛或PEA的组合也诱导了浓度依赖性的抗痛觉作用。等密度分析表明,褪黑素与扑热息痛或PEA协同作用,以减轻福尔马林引起的炎症性疼痛。但EC30的实验值明显小于理论计算值。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of adverse drug events in patients with bipolar disorders using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. 使用日本不良药物事件报告数据库分析双相情感障碍患者的药物不良事件。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2022.2386
Y Uwai, T Nabekura

The aim of the present study was to survey adverse drug events (ADEs) in patients with bipolar disorders and identify risk factors using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database, a spontaneous reporting system. Data on patients with bipolar disorders were extracted from the JADER database. The Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) preferred terms (PT) and standardized MedDRA queries (SMQ) were used to define ADEs. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for ADEs. A total of 8653 reports of 1108 types of ADEs (PT) were registered in data collected on 3521 patients with bipolar disorders. Rash (PT) was the most frequently reported in 549 patients, followed by drug eruption (PT) in 387, fever (PT) in 364, toxicity to various agents (PT) in 291, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (PT) in 261. Among 24 ADEs (PT) that were reported in more than 50 patients, lamotrigine was associated with increased risks of 13 ADEs (PT), followed by carbamazepine with increased risks of 8 ADEs (PT). The majority of these ADEs belonged to hypersensitivity (SMQ) or hepatic disorder (SMQ). Lithium carbonate was associated with increased risks of rash (PT), drug interaction (PT), and tubulointerstitial diseases (SMQ). All antipsychotics increased the adjusted odds ratio for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (PT). The risk of hyperglycemia/new onset diabetes mellitus (SMQ) was increased by olanzapine, quetiapine fumarate, and risperidone. We are presenting the profiles of ADEs in patients with bipolar disorders using the JADER database, and propose risk factors for 19 ADEs (PT) and 4 ADEs (SMQ).

本研究的目的是调查双相情感障碍患者的药物不良事件(ADEs),并利用日本药物不良事件报告(JADER)数据库(一个自发报告系统)确定危险因素。双相情感障碍患者的数据从JADER数据库中提取。使用监管活动医学词典(MedDRA)首选术语(PT)和标准化MedDRA查询(SMQ)来定义ade。进行多元logistic回归分析以确定ade的危险因素。在收集的3521例双相情感障碍患者的数据中,共有8653例报告了1108种ade (PT)。以皮疹(549例)最为常见,其次为药疹(387例)、发热(364例)、各种药物毒性(291例)和史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征(261例)。在50多例患者中报告的24次ade (PT)中,拉莫三嗪与13次ade (PT)的风险增加相关,其次是卡马西平与8次ade (PT)的风险增加相关。这些不良事件大多属于超敏反应(SMQ)或肝功能紊乱(SMQ)。碳酸锂与皮疹(PT)、药物相互作用(PT)和小管间质疾病(SMQ)的风险增加有关。所有抗精神病药物均增加抗精神病药恶性综合征(PT)的校正优势比。奥氮平、富马酸喹硫平和利培酮增加了高血糖/新发糖尿病(SMQ)的风险。我们利用JADER数据库介绍了双相情感障碍患者的ade概况,并提出了19例ade (PT)和4例ade (SMQ)的危险因素。
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引用次数: 1
Hydrogen-deuterium (H/D) exchange reaction of acebutolol hydrochloride in D₂O and CD₃OD solution. 盐酸乙丁醇在D₂O和CD₃OD溶液中的氢-氘交换反应。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2022.2419
H Guesmi, J Ben Kraim, A Alatrache, U Holzgrabe

H/D exchange reactions can be observed by NMR spectroscopy of acebutolol (ACE). The results obtained showed deuterium incorporation at α-posi t ion of the carbonyl group of acebutolol, when using deuterium oxide or deuterated methanol as deuterium source and solvent. The spontaneous deuteration is proceeded by the following pathway CH₃→CH₂D→CHD→CD₃, through a keto-enol tautomerization reaction. Furthermore, LC-MS / QTOF analyses have confirmed the proposed H/D exchange. In order to reduce the time of total deuteration observed at the acetyl group alkaline catalysts were employed.

乙酰丁醇(ACE)的核磁共振光谱可以观察到H/D交换反应。结果表明,当使用氧化氘或氘化甲醇作为氘源和溶剂时,在乙酰丁醇羰基α-位上有氘的掺入。自发氘化是通过以下途径CH₃→CH₂D→CHD→CD₃,通过酮烯醇互变异构反应进行的。此外,LC-MS / QTOF分析证实了提出的H/D交换。为了缩短在乙酰基上观察到的总氘化时间,采用了碱性催化剂。
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引用次数: 1
ARID1A promotes chemosensitivity to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer through epigenetic silencing of RRM2. ARID1A 通过表观遗传沉默 RRM2 促进胰腺癌患者对吉西他滨的化疗敏感性。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2022.1881
Wenyi Li, Qiwei Chen, Weiwei Gao, Hui Zeng

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common malignancies with very poor prognosis due to its broad resistance to chemotherapy. ARID1A, a subunit of SWI/SNF complex, is involved in pancreatic carcinogenesis through epigenetic silencing of oncogenes. In this study, we aimed to explore whether ARID1A was implicated in the gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer patients via regulating RRM2. We examined the effect of ARID1A depletion on the gemcitabine sensitivity in pancreatic cancer cells and explored the role of RRM2 in ARID1A-mediated pancreatic cancer cells chemosensitivity to gemcitabine. We found that Knockout of ARID1A led to gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells, effect of which could be reversed by RRM2, a gemcitabine resistance related gene. ARID1A decreased the transcription of RRM2, and directly bound to the promoter of RRM2. Moreover, expression of RRM2 was negatively correlated with ARID1A in pancreatic cancer tissues. Thus, ARID1A-mediated RRM2 epigenetic suppression is crucial for enhancement of pancreatic cancer chemosensitivity to gemcitabine, and ARID1A could be used as a biomarker to guide the gemcitabine chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer.

胰腺癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,由于其对化疗的广泛耐药性,预后极差。ARID1A是SWI/SNF复合物的一个亚基,通过表观遗传沉默癌基因参与胰腺癌的发生。本研究旨在探讨 ARID1A 是否通过调节 RRM2 与胰腺癌患者的吉西他滨耐药性有关。我们研究了 ARID1A 缺失对胰腺癌细胞吉西他滨敏感性的影响,并探讨了 RRM2 在 ARID1A 介导的胰腺癌细胞对吉西他滨化学敏感性中的作用。我们发现,敲除 ARID1A 会导致胰腺癌细胞对吉西他滨产生耐药性,而吉西他滨耐药性相关基因 RRM2 可以逆转这种耐药性。ARID1A 可降低 RRM2 的转录,并直接与 RRM2 的启动子结合。此外,在胰腺癌组织中,RRM2的表达与ARID1A呈负相关。因此,ARID1A介导的RRM2表观遗传抑制是增强胰腺癌对吉西他滨化疗敏感性的关键,ARID1A可作为生物标志物指导胰腺癌的吉西他滨化疗。
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引用次数: 1
Adverse event profiles of hypomagnesemia caused by proton pump inhibitors using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) Database. 使用日本不良药物事件报告(JADER)数据库的质子泵抑制剂引起的低镁血症的不良事件概况。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2022.2416
K Yamashiro, K Hosomi, S Yokoyama, F Ogata, T Nakamura, N Kawasaki

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used for the prevention or treatment of gastric ulcers, but they can induce hypomagnesemia. Little is known about the onset duration and risk factors related to patient characteristics of this adverse event in Japanese patients. Therefore, we analyzed the time-to-onset of PPI-induced hypomagnesemia and evaluated the association between hypomagnesemia and PPIs using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database. We analyzed hypomagnesemia cases between 2004 and 2021. The time-to-onset analysis was performed using the Weibull distribution, and the adjusted reporting odds ratio (aROR) or 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated using a multiple logistic regression analysis. The analysis database comprised 236,525 cases, with 188 cases associated with hypomagnesemia. The median onset duration (interquartile range) of PPI-induced hypomagnesemia was 99.0 (51.8-285.5 ) days, which is considered the random failure type. The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that hypomagnesemia is significantly associated with male sex (aROR, 95% CI: 1.66, 1.23-2.25) , age < 60 (1.59, 1.14-2.21) , estimated body-mass index (eBMI) (0.94, 0.91-0.98) , PPIs (1.66, 1.18-2.30) , and the interaction of age (<60)*PPIs (1.58, 1.13-2.19) . However, diuretics were not significantly associated with hypomagnesemia. Our results suggest that serum magnesium levels should be measured regularly regardless of the duration of PPI use, especially in patients with male sex, age < 60, or low BMI. These findings will assist health professionals in the adequate use of PPIs. These findings need to be evaluated by cohort studies and long-term clinical investigations.

质子泵抑制剂(PPIs)通常用于预防或治疗胃溃疡,但它们会引起低镁血症。在日本患者中,对这种不良事件的发病时间和与患者特征相关的危险因素知之甚少。因此,我们分析了ppi诱导的低镁血症的发病时间,并使用日本不良药物事件报告(JADER)数据库评估了低镁血症与PPIs之间的关系。我们分析了2004年至2021年间的低镁血症病例。发病时间分析采用威布尔分布,调整报告优势比(aROR)或95%置信区间(95% CI)采用多元logistic回归分析计算。该分析数据库包括236,525例,其中188例与低镁血症相关。ppi诱导的低镁血症的中位发病持续时间(四分位数范围)为99.0(51.8-285.5)天,被认为是随机失效类型。多元logistic回归分析显示,低镁血症与男性(aROR, 95% CI: 1.66, 1.23-2.25)、年龄< 60岁(1.59,1.14-2.21)、估计身体质量指数(eBMI)(0.94, 0.91-0.98)、ppi(1.66, 1.18-2.30)和年龄(
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引用次数: 1
High-alert medications for hospitalised paediatric patients - a two-step survey among paediatric clinical expert pharmacists in Germany. 住院儿科患者的高警戒药物-在德国儿科临床专家药剂师的两步调查。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2022.12025
S Schilling, J A Koeck, U Kontny, T Orlikowsky, H Erdmann, A Eisert

Paediatric patients are more vulnerable to be harmed by medication errors compared to adults due to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes in their development, individual dosing calculations, and manipulation of ready to-use products intended for adult patients. According to the Institute of Safe Medication Practices, there are some "drugs that bear a heightened risk of causing significant patient harm when they are used in error"; these drugs are called high-alert medications (HAM). The two-step survey among paediatric clinical expert pharmacists presented here aimed to compile a nation-wide HAM list. To provide detailed guidance, this survey followed a drugbased approach, resulting in specific potential drug related problems (DRPs) and associated recommendations for prevention. In contrast to this approach, in the first round of the survey two drug classes were included that both were rated as HAM (i.e.chemotherapy and parenteral nutrition). Twenty single drugs were identified as HAM, 65% of which were cardiovascular or neurological drugs. The paediatric expert pharmacists mentioned in total 216 potential DRPs; in particular, they identified potential administration-related problems (28% of all DRPs), dosing-related problems (26%), and drug-choice-related problems (18%, e.g.drug confusion and drug monitoring). Moreover, they suggested 275 potential interventions to address these DRPs. Two thirds of all interventions dealt with the preparation by the hospital pharmacy, standardisation of processes (e.g.labelling), and education or training. In conclusion, this survey provided a German paediatric high-alert medication list from a paediatric pharmacist point of view. Moreover, the experts mentioned for the first time specific potential DRPs and associated interventions to guide a local multidisciplinary approach for preventing medication-related harm in children.

由于发育过程中的药代动力学和药效学变化、个体剂量计算以及针对成人患者的现成产品的操作,与成人相比,儿科患者更容易受到用药错误的伤害。根据安全用药实践研究所的说法,有一些“药物在错误使用时对患者造成重大伤害的风险更高”;这些药物被称为高度警戒药物(HAM)。在儿科临床专家药师中提出的两步调查旨在编制全国范围内的HAM清单。为了提供详细的指导,本调查采用基于药物的方法,得出具体的潜在药物相关问题(DRPs)和相关的预防建议。与此方法相反,在第一轮调查中,包括两种药物类别,均被评为HAM(即化疗和肠外营养)。20种单一药物被鉴定为HAM,其中65%为心血管或神经系统药物。216名潜在drp中提到的儿科专家药师;特别是,他们确定了潜在的管理相关问题(占所有drp的28%)、剂量相关问题(26%)和药物选择相关问题(18%,例如药物混淆和药物监测)。此外,他们提出了275项潜在的干预措施来解决这些drp。所有干预措施的三分之二涉及医院药房的配制、流程标准化(例如标签)以及教育或培训。总之,本调查从儿科药师的角度提供了一份德国儿科高度警惕药物清单。此外,专家们首次提到了具体的潜在风险预防措施和相关干预措施,以指导当地预防儿童药物相关伤害的多学科方法。
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引用次数: 2
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Pharmazie
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