Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1103/physreva.110.033310
Yeyang Zhang
Wave-function effects in uncorrelated systems are characterized by the Berry curvature and quantum metric. Beyond those, we propose gauge-independent tensors describing Bloch wave-function effects on local interaction between correlated particles. We derive an effective hydrodynamic theory for ultracold bosons in optical lattices. Ground states and collective modes of superfluids in isotropic harmonic traps are solved for highly symmetric lattices. In a dynamic process, the wave-function effects are featured by the eigenfrequency, amplitude, and phase shift of an excited breathing mode and can be observed in experiments. We also give a tight-binding model of a bipartite square lattice with nontrivial wave-function effects, where results are estimated with typical experimental parameters. Our discovery advances the connections between the modern band theory and quantum many-body physics.
{"title":"Lattice-induced wave-function effects on trapped superfluids","authors":"Yeyang Zhang","doi":"10.1103/physreva.110.033310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.110.033310","url":null,"abstract":"Wave-function effects in uncorrelated systems are characterized by the Berry curvature and quantum metric. Beyond those, we propose gauge-independent tensors describing Bloch wave-function effects on local interaction between correlated particles. We derive an effective hydrodynamic theory for ultracold bosons in optical lattices. Ground states and collective modes of superfluids in isotropic harmonic traps are solved for highly symmetric lattices. In a dynamic process, the wave-function effects are featured by the eigenfrequency, amplitude, and phase shift of an excited breathing mode and can be observed in experiments. We also give a tight-binding model of a bipartite square lattice with nontrivial wave-function effects, where results are estimated with typical experimental parameters. Our discovery advances the connections between the modern band theory and quantum many-body physics.","PeriodicalId":20146,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1103/physreva.110.033105
Shiming Song, Min Jiang, Yushu Qin, Ze Wu, Haowen Su, Ren-bao Liu, Dieter Suter, Xinhua Peng
Noise-induced synchronizations have led to diverse phenomena and applications. Here, we propose and demonstrate an approach towards inducing synchronizations between non-overlapping laser beams by intrinsic spin noise. Two linearly polarized and non-overlapping laser beams propagate through a vapor of flying unpolarized alkali atoms and capture their correlated noise properties by the atom-light interaction, resulting in synchronization between the two laser beams. Using correlation spectra, we demonstrate the nearly in phase synchronization at the atomic Larmor frequency between the two laser beams, which can easily be varied across a wide frequency range by the magnetic-field strength. Moreover, we show that the degree of synchronization increases with the atomic density, and the synchronization remains effective when the Larmor frequencies in the regions of the two laser beams are different. Our method may be useful for applications like secure key distribution and secure communication.
{"title":"Spin-noise-induced synchronization between non-overlapping laser beams","authors":"Shiming Song, Min Jiang, Yushu Qin, Ze Wu, Haowen Su, Ren-bao Liu, Dieter Suter, Xinhua Peng","doi":"10.1103/physreva.110.033105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.110.033105","url":null,"abstract":"Noise-induced synchronizations have led to diverse phenomena and applications. Here, we propose and demonstrate an approach towards inducing synchronizations between non-overlapping laser beams by intrinsic spin noise. Two linearly polarized and non-overlapping laser beams propagate through a vapor of flying unpolarized alkali atoms and capture their correlated noise properties by the atom-light interaction, resulting in synchronization between the two laser beams. Using correlation spectra, we demonstrate the nearly in phase synchronization at the atomic Larmor frequency between the two laser beams, which can easily be varied across a wide frequency range by the magnetic-field strength. Moreover, we show that the degree of synchronization increases with the atomic density, and the synchronization remains effective when the Larmor frequencies in the regions of the two laser beams are different. Our method may be useful for applications like secure key distribution and secure communication.","PeriodicalId":20146,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1103/physreva.110.032410
Elena R. Loubenets, Louis Hanotel
The geometric quantum discord of a two-qudit state has been studied in many papers; however, its exact analytical value in the explicit form is known only for a general two-qubit state, a general qubit-qudit state, and some special families of two-qudit states. Based on the general Bloch vectors formalism [E. R. Loubenets et al., J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.54, 195301 (2021)], we find the explicit exact analytical value of the geometric quantum discord for an arbitrary two-qudit state of any dimension via the parameters of its correlation matrix and the Bloch vectors of its reduced states. This general analytical result includes all the known exact results on the geometric quantum discord only as particular cases and proves rigorously that the lower bound on the geometric discord presented in [S. Rana et al., Phys. Rev. A85, 024102 (2012)] constitutes its exact value for each two-qudit state. Moreover, our general result allows us to find for an arbitrary two-qudit state, pure or mixed, the upper and lower bounds on its geometric quantum discord, expressed via the Hilbert space characteristics of this state.
许多论文都研究了双量子比特态的几何量子不和谐现象；然而，我们只知道一般双量子比特态、一般量子比特-量子比特态和一些特殊的双量子比特态族的几何量子不和谐现象的精确分析值。基于一般布洛赫矢量形式主义[E. R. Loubenets et al., J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 54, 195301 (2021)]，我们通过任意维度的任意双量子比特态的相关矩阵参数及其还原态的布洛赫矢量，找到了几何量子不和谐的显式精确分析值。这个一般性的分析结果包括了所有已知的几何量子不和谐的精确结果，只是作为特例，并严格证明了[S. Rana 等，Phys. Rev. A 85, 024102 (2012)]中提出的几何不和谐的下界构成了每个双量子态的精确值。此外，我们的一般结果允许我们为任意的双偶态（纯态或混合态）找到其几何量子不和谐的上界和下界，并通过该态的希尔伯特空间特性来表示。
{"title":"Geometric quantum discord of an arbitrary two-qudit state: Exact value and general upper bounds","authors":"Elena R. Loubenets, Louis Hanotel","doi":"10.1103/physreva.110.032410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.110.032410","url":null,"abstract":"The geometric quantum discord of a two-qudit state has been studied in many papers; however, its exact analytical value in the explicit form is known only for a general two-qubit state, a general qubit-qudit state, and some special families of two-qudit states. Based on the general Bloch vectors formalism [E. R. Loubenets <i>et al.</i>, <span>J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.</span> <b>54</b>, 195301 (2021)], we find the explicit exact analytical value of the geometric quantum discord for an arbitrary two-qudit state of any dimension via the parameters of its correlation matrix and the Bloch vectors of its reduced states. This general analytical result includes all the known exact results on the geometric quantum discord only as particular cases and proves rigorously that the lower bound on the geometric discord presented in [S. Rana <i>et al.</i>, <span>Phys. Rev. A</span> <b>85</b>, 024102 (2012)] constitutes its exact value for each two-qudit state. Moreover, our general result allows us to find for an arbitrary two-qudit state, pure or mixed, the upper and lower bounds on its geometric quantum discord, expressed via the Hilbert space characteristics of this state.","PeriodicalId":20146,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1103/physreva.110.033311
Leonardo Badurina, Clara Murgui, Ryan Plestid
We study the decoherence of a system of noninteracting heavy particles (atoms) due to coherent scattering with a background gas. We introduce a framework for computing the induced phase shift and loss of contrast for arbitrary preparations of -particle quantum states. We find phase shifts that are inherently -body effects and may be searched for in future experiments. We analyze simple setups, including a two-mode approximation of an interferometer. We study fully entangled states, which resemble the correlated positions in a matter interferometer, as well as totally uncorrelated product states that are representative of a typical state in an atom interferometer. We find that the extent to which coherent enhancements increase the rate of decoherence depends on the observable of interest, state preparation, and details of the experimental design. In the context of future ultralow-recoil (e.g., light dark matter) searches with atom interferometers we conclude that (i) there exists a coherently enhanced scattering phase which can be searched for using standard (i.e., contrast/visibility and phase) interferometer observables; (ii) although decoherence rates of one-body observables are not coherently enhanced, a coherently enhanced loss of contrast can still arise from dephasing; and (iii) higher statistical moments (which are immediately accessible in a counting experiment) are coherently enhanced and may offer a new tool with which to probe the soft scattering of otherwise undetectable particles in the laboratory.
我们研究了 N 个非相互作用重粒子（原子）系统与背景气体相干散射引起的退相干现象。我们引入了一个框架，用于计算任意制备的 N 粒子量子态的诱导相移和对比度损失。我们发现相移本质上是（N≥2）体效应，可以在未来的实验中寻找。我们分析了简单的设置，包括干涉仪的双模近似。我们研究了完全纠缠的 N00N 状态（类似于物质干涉仪中的相关位置），以及完全不相关的乘积状态（代表原子干涉仪中的典型状态）。我们发现，相干增强能在多大程度上提高退相干率取决于感兴趣的观测指标、状态准备以及实验设计的细节。在未来利用原子干涉仪进行超低反响（如轻暗物质）搜索的背景下，我们得出以下结论：(i) 存在一个相干增强的散射相位，可以利用标准（即对比度/可见度和相位）进行搜索、(ii)虽然单体观测值的退相干率没有得到相干增强，但相干增强的对比度损失仍可能来自去相干；以及(iii)更高的统计矩（在计数实验中可以立即获得）得到了相干增强，这可能为探测实验室中原本无法探测到的粒子的软散射提供了一种新工具。
{"title":"Coherent collisional decoherence","authors":"Leonardo Badurina, Clara Murgui, Ryan Plestid","doi":"10.1103/physreva.110.033311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.110.033311","url":null,"abstract":"We study the decoherence of a system of <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi>N</mi></math> noninteracting heavy particles (atoms) due to coherent scattering with a background gas. We introduce a framework for computing the induced phase shift and loss of contrast for arbitrary preparations of <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi>N</mi></math>-particle quantum states. We find phase shifts that are inherently <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math>-body effects and may be searched for in future experiments. We analyze simple setups, including a two-mode approximation of an interferometer. We study fully entangled <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi>N</mi><mn>00</mn><mi>N</mi></mrow></math> states, which resemble the correlated positions in a matter interferometer, as well as totally uncorrelated product states that are representative of a typical state in an atom interferometer. We find that the extent to which coherent enhancements increase the rate of decoherence depends on the observable of interest, state preparation, and details of the experimental design. In the context of future ultralow-recoil (e.g., light dark matter) searches with atom interferometers we conclude that (i) there exists a coherently enhanced scattering phase which can be searched for using standard (i.e., contrast/visibility and phase) interferometer observables; (ii) although decoherence rates of one-body observables are <i>not</i> coherently enhanced, a coherently enhanced loss of contrast can still arise from dephasing; and (iii) higher statistical moments (which are immediately accessible in a counting experiment) <i>are</i> coherently enhanced and may offer a new tool with which to probe the soft scattering of otherwise undetectable particles in the laboratory.","PeriodicalId":20146,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1103/physreva.110.033312
Shou-Long Chen
In systems with periodic potential fields, building relatively local Wannier functions can significantly simplify the Hamiltonian and enhance our understanding of the system's ground state and dynamic properties. In this work, we improve the current method of building the Wannier functions of ultracold atomic systems, including the case in the presence or absence of interactions. In noninteracting systems, we propose a method to directly obtain the real-valued maximally localized Wannier functions (MLWFs) by using real-valued eigenstates, and verify the effectiveness of this method in a two-dimensional (2D) degenerate system. In interacting systems, we obtain the effect of high-energy bands on the lowest-energy band by using the accurate calculation results of the two-particle system. In the two-particle system, we consider the effect of the entanglement between the particles and obtain the optimal two-particle Wannier functions. These Wannier functions are then further utilized to obtain the parameters of the extended Bose-Hubbard model. The effectiveness of the method is verified by taking a one-dimensional (1D) system with contact interaction as an example. In the three-particle and four-particle systems, compared calculation results with the original system and the unmodified two-band Bose-Hubbard model, we find that the effective Hamiltonian is more accurate than the unmodified two-band model. This verifies the effectiveness of our method, and the parameters obtained can reflect the original system well, which provides an effective method for accurate modeling of interacting systems.
{"title":"Modification of the Bose-Hubbard model parameters in an optical lattice by two-particle Wannier functions","authors":"Shou-Long Chen","doi":"10.1103/physreva.110.033312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.110.033312","url":null,"abstract":"In systems with periodic potential fields, building relatively local Wannier functions can significantly simplify the Hamiltonian and enhance our understanding of the system's ground state and dynamic properties. In this work, we improve the current method of building the Wannier functions of ultracold atomic systems, including the case in the presence or absence of interactions. In noninteracting systems, we propose a method to directly obtain the real-valued maximally localized Wannier functions (MLWFs) by using real-valued eigenstates, and verify the effectiveness of this method in a two-dimensional (2D) degenerate system. In interacting systems, we obtain the effect of high-energy bands on the lowest-energy band by using the accurate calculation results of the two-particle system. In the two-particle system, we consider the effect of the entanglement between the particles and obtain the optimal two-particle Wannier functions. These Wannier functions are then further utilized to obtain the parameters of the extended Bose-Hubbard model. The effectiveness of the method is verified by taking a one-dimensional (1D) system with contact interaction as an example. In the three-particle and four-particle systems, compared calculation results with the original system and the unmodified two-band Bose-Hubbard model, we find that the effective Hamiltonian is more accurate than the unmodified two-band model. This verifies the effectiveness of our method, and the parameters obtained can reflect the original system well, which provides an effective method for accurate modeling of interacting systems.","PeriodicalId":20146,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1103/physreva.110.033514
Daniele B. Provenzano, Giuseppe C. la Rocca
We examine the features of electromagnetic bulk and surface modes in a one-dimensional photonic crystal made up of lossless gyroelectric and uniaxial layers. We find a configuration that supports the propagation of a type of surface mode that can have either positive or negative group velocity, depending on the signs of the uniaxial permittivities. We also show how the introduction of gyrotropy qualitatively alters the photonic band structure, making it possible to modify the allowed frequency ranges within the structure just by varying the value of an external magnetic field. Exploiting an Otto configuration, we provide the analysis of a finite system where near-zero reflectivity values correspond to large Goos-Hänchen shifts. We also explore low-symmetry configurations where waves exhibit nonreciprocal behaviors.
{"title":"Bulk and surface modes in a one-dimensional gyro-uniaxial photonic crystal","authors":"Daniele B. Provenzano, Giuseppe C. la Rocca","doi":"10.1103/physreva.110.033514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.110.033514","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the features of electromagnetic bulk and surface modes in a one-dimensional photonic crystal made up of lossless gyroelectric and uniaxial layers. We find a configuration that supports the propagation of a type of surface mode that can have either positive or negative group velocity, depending on the signs of the uniaxial permittivities. We also show how the introduction of gyrotropy qualitatively alters the photonic band structure, making it possible to modify the allowed frequency ranges within the structure just by varying the value of an external magnetic field. Exploiting an Otto configuration, we provide the analysis of a finite system where near-zero reflectivity values correspond to large Goos-Hänchen shifts. We also explore low-symmetry configurations where waves exhibit nonreciprocal behaviors.","PeriodicalId":20146,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1103/physreva.110.033104
Muhammad Waseem, Muzamil Shah, Gao Xianlong
In the photonic spin Hall effect (SHE), also known as the transverse shift, incident light photons with opposite spins are spatially separated in the transverse direction due to the spin-orbit interaction of light. Here, we propose a gain-assisted model to control the SHE in the reflected probe light. In this model, a probe light is incident on a cavity containing a three-level dilute gaseous atomic medium, where the interaction between the atom and the control field follows two-photon Raman transitions. We show that the direction of photonic spin accumulations can be switched between positive and negative values across the Brewster angle in both the anomalous and normal dispersion regimes. For the same magnitude of control fields, the peak value of the photonic SHE is higher in the anomalous dispersion region compared to the normal dispersion regime. Additionally, the angular range around the Brewster angle is wider in the normal dispersion regime than in the anomalous dispersion region. Furthermore, the peak value of the photonic SHE and the angular range can be controlled by changing the Rabi frequencies of the control fields and the probe field detuning. The measurement of photonic SHE based on gain assistance may enable spin-related applications such as optical sensing.
在光子自旋霍尔效应（SHE）（也称为横移）中，由于光的自旋轨道相互作用，具有相反自旋的入射光光子在横向上发生空间分离。在这里，我们提出了一种增益辅助模型来控制反射探针光中的 SHE。在这个模型中，探测光入射到一个包含三电平稀释气态原子介质的腔体上，原子与控制场之间的相互作用遵循双光子拉曼跃迁。我们的研究表明，在反常色散和正常色散状态下，光子自旋累积的方向可以跨越布儒斯特角在正值和负值之间切换。在控制场大小相同的情况下，反常色散区的光子 SHE 峰值要高于正常色散区。此外，与反常色散区相比，正常色散区布儒斯特角附近的角度范围更大。此外，光子 SHE 的峰值和角度范围可以通过改变控制场的拉比频率和探针场的失谐来控制。基于增益辅助的光子 SHE 测量可实现自旋相关应用，如光学传感。
{"title":"Gain-assisted control of the photonic spin Hall effect","authors":"Muhammad Waseem, Muzamil Shah, Gao Xianlong","doi":"10.1103/physreva.110.033104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.110.033104","url":null,"abstract":"In the photonic spin Hall effect (SHE), also known as the transverse shift, incident light photons with opposite spins are spatially separated in the transverse direction due to the spin-orbit interaction of light. Here, we propose a gain-assisted model to control the SHE in the reflected probe light. In this model, a probe light is incident on a cavity containing a three-level dilute gaseous atomic medium, where the interaction between the atom and the control field follows two-photon Raman transitions. We show that the direction of photonic spin accumulations can be switched between positive and negative values across the Brewster angle in both the anomalous and normal dispersion regimes. For the same magnitude of control fields, the peak value of the photonic SHE is higher in the anomalous dispersion region compared to the normal dispersion regime. Additionally, the angular range around the Brewster angle is wider in the normal dispersion regime than in the anomalous dispersion region. Furthermore, the peak value of the photonic SHE and the angular range can be controlled by changing the Rabi frequencies of the control fields and the probe field detuning. The measurement of photonic SHE based on gain assistance may enable spin-related applications such as optical sensing.","PeriodicalId":20146,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1103/physreva.110.032409
Louis Schatzki, Linjian Ma, Edgar Solomonik, Eric Chitambar
Graph states play an important role in quantum information theory through their connection to measurement-based computing and error correction. Prior work revealed elegant connections between the graph structure of these states and their multipartite entanglement. We continue this line of investigation by identifying additional entanglement properties for certain types of graph states. From the perspective of tensor theory, we tighten both upper and lower bounds on the tensor rank of odd ring states () to read . Next we show that several multipartite extensions of bipartite entanglement measures are dichotomous for graph states based on the connectivity of the corresponding graph. Finally, we give a simple graph rule for computing the -tangle .
通过与基于测量的计算和纠错的联系，图态在量子信息论中发挥着重要作用。先前的研究揭示了这些态的图结构与其多方纠缠之间的优雅联系。我们将继续这一研究方向，为某些类型的图状态确定额外的纠缠特性。从张量理论的角度看，我们收紧了奇数环状态（|R2n+1〉）张量秩的上下限，读作 2n+1≤rank(|R2n+1〉)≤3×2n-1。接下来，我们证明了双方位纠缠度量的几个多方位扩展是基于相应图的连通性对图态进行二分的。最后，我们给出了计算 n 三角形 τn 的简单图规则。
{"title":"Tensor rank and other multipartite entanglement measures of graph states","authors":"Louis Schatzki, Linjian Ma, Edgar Solomonik, Eric Chitambar","doi":"10.1103/physreva.110.032409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.110.032409","url":null,"abstract":"Graph states play an important role in quantum information theory through their connection to measurement-based computing and error correction. Prior work revealed elegant connections between the graph structure of these states and their multipartite entanglement. We continue this line of investigation by identifying additional entanglement properties for certain types of graph states. From the perspective of tensor theory, we tighten both upper and lower bounds on the tensor rank of odd ring states (<math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mrow><mo>|</mo></mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>〉</mo></mrow></mrow></math>) to read <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><msup><mn>2</mn><mi>n</mi></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>rank</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mrow><mo>|</mo></mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>〉</mo></mrow></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>. Next we show that several multipartite extensions of bipartite entanglement measures are dichotomous for graph states based on the connectivity of the corresponding graph. Finally, we give a simple graph rule for computing the <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi>n</mi></math>-tangle <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><msub><mi>τ</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></math>.","PeriodicalId":20146,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1103/physreva.110.032805
N. D. Cariatore, S. Otranto
In this work, an improved classical trajectory Monte Carlo method is introduced to describe collisions of multiply charged ions with molecules by merging two hydrogenic three-body models, conceived to improve the H() electronic radial distribution, into the five-body treatment of Wood and Olson. Present results are contrasted against recently reported laboratory data and the multichannel Landau-Zener method for and projectiles at intermediate to low impact energies. A reasonable agreement with the data is obtained at the -state selective level when considering a hydrogenic model that relies on an expansion over different nuclear charges. Complementary results for and projectiles suggest that discrepancies among these models accentuate as the projectile charge is increased and the collision energy is lowered, and highlight the need for further joint experimental and theoretical studies.
{"title":"State-selective charge exchange in collisions of multiply charged ions with H2","authors":"N. D. Cariatore, S. Otranto","doi":"10.1103/physreva.110.032805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.110.032805","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, an improved classical trajectory Monte Carlo method is introduced to describe collisions of multiply charged ions with <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><msub><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> molecules by merging two hydrogenic three-body models, conceived to improve the H(<math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mn>1</mn><mi>s</mi></mrow></math>) electronic radial distribution, into the five-body treatment of Wood and Olson. Present results are contrasted against recently reported laboratory data and the multichannel Landau-Zener method for <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><msup><mrow><mi>Ne</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>9</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> and <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> projectiles at intermediate to low impact energies. A reasonable agreement with the data is obtained at the <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi>n</mi></math>-state selective level when considering a hydrogenic model that relies on an expansion over different nuclear charges. Complementary results for <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><msup><mrow><mi>He</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> and <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><msup><mrow><mi>Fe</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>26</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> projectiles suggest that discrepancies among these models accentuate as the projectile charge is increased and the collision energy is lowered, and highlight the need for further joint experimental and theoretical studies.","PeriodicalId":20146,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1103/physreva.110.033709
Colin Vendromin, Yan Liu, Zhenshan Yang, J. E. Sipe
We present a multimode theory of squeezed-state generation in resonant systems valid for arbitrary pump power and including pump depletion. The Hamiltonian is written in terms of asymptotic-in and -out fields from scattering theory, capable of describing a general interaction. As an example we consider the lossy generation of a highly squeezed state by an effective second-order interaction in a silicon nitride ring resonator point coupled to a waveguide. We calculate the photon number, the Schmidt number, and the second-order correlation function of the generated state in the waveguide. The treatment we present provides a path forward to study the deterministic generation of non-Gaussian states in resonant systems.
{"title":"Highly squeezed states in ring resonators: Beyond the undepleted-pump approximation","authors":"Colin Vendromin, Yan Liu, Zhenshan Yang, J. E. Sipe","doi":"10.1103/physreva.110.033709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.110.033709","url":null,"abstract":"We present a multimode theory of squeezed-state generation in resonant systems valid for arbitrary pump power and including pump depletion. The Hamiltonian is written in terms of asymptotic-in and -out fields from scattering theory, capable of describing a general interaction. As an example we consider the lossy generation of a highly squeezed state by an effective second-order interaction in a silicon nitride ring resonator point coupled to a waveguide. We calculate the photon number, the Schmidt number, and the second-order correlation function of the generated state in the waveguide. The treatment we present provides a path forward to study the deterministic generation of non-Gaussian states in resonant systems.","PeriodicalId":20146,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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