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The diffusion of Fe from the shield into the in situ MgB2 material in superconducting wires 铁从屏蔽层向超导导线中原位MgB2材料中的扩散
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354816
Daniel Gajda , Michał Babij , Andrzej Zaleski , Dogan Avci , Hakan Yetis , Ibrahim Belenli , Fırat Karaboga , Damian Szymański , Tomasz Czujko
The findings of this study demonstrate that the morphology of in situ MgB2 wires examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is primarily influenced by the applied polishing method, rather than by intrinsic phenomena associated with the synthesis reaction. This observation is of paramount importance for all superconducting ceramic materials. Main purpose of using fractured surfaces is to significantly better characterize of the Fe2B layer microstructure and composition. Furthermore, our paper presents the influence of the annealing temperature and initial filling densities on the diffusion of Fe from the shield into the core of the MgB2 material. Our results show that two intermetallic layers are formed during the solid-state reaction of Mg with B and long annealing time in MgB2 wires in an Fe shield. The first layer is composed of Mg and Fe, which do not form chemical bonds, and the subsequent layer consists of iron borides. To the best of the present author's knowledge, results of this kind pertaining to in situ MgB2 wires within Fe shields have not hitherto been reported. Moreover, it was demonstrated that thermal treatment in the liquid state of Mg facilitates the formation of an iron boride layer between the MgB2 core and the Fe shields. Additionally, the X-ray powder diffraction showed that the initial filling densities strongly affect the boride phases formed in Fe-shielded MgB2 wires.
本研究的结果表明,扫描电子显微镜(SEM)检查的原位MgB2线的形貌主要受应用抛光方法的影响,而不是与合成反应相关的内在现象。这一发现对所有超导陶瓷材料都是至关重要的。利用断裂表面的主要目的是为了更好地表征Fe2B层的微观组织和成分。此外,本文还研究了退火温度和初始填充密度对Fe从屏蔽层向MgB2材料核心扩散的影响。结果表明,在Fe屏蔽层中,MgB2线在Mg与B的固相反应和较长的退火时间中形成了两层金属间层。第一层由不形成化学键的Mg和Fe组成,第二层由铁硼化物组成。就目前作者所知,这类关于铁屏蔽内原位MgB2导线的结果迄今尚未报道。此外,还证明了Mg液态热处理有利于在MgB2芯和Fe屏蔽层之间形成硼化铁层。x射线粉末衍射结果表明,初始填充密度对铁屏蔽MgB2丝中硼化物相的形成有较大影响。
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引用次数: 0
On the dynamics of the Meissner and the Becker-London effects 关于迈斯纳效应和贝克尔-伦敦效应的动力学
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354814
Peter Markoš, Richard Hlubina
It is generally accepted that the most fundamental property of a superconductor is that it exhibits the Meissner effect. Of similar importance is the Becker-London effect, i.e. generation of magnetic field inside a rotating superconductor. Hirsch has recently pointed out that, within the conventional theory of superconductivity, the question about how these effects are generated dynamically has not even been asked yet. Here we fill in this gap in the literature by a detailed study of the evolution of the electromagnetic field for both of these effects. To this end, we solve the Maxwell equations supplemented by the simplest conventional constitutive equation for a superconductor, namely the London equation. We demonstrate that, contrary to the expectations of Hirsch, the conventional theory does correctly describe the dynamics of both, the Meissner and the Becker-London effect. We find that the dynamics of the studied processes is quite rich and interesting even at this level of description.
人们普遍认为超导体最基本的性质是它表现出迈斯纳效应。同样重要的是贝克尔-伦敦效应,即在旋转超导体内部产生磁场。赫希最近指出,在传统的超导理论中,这些效应是如何动态产生的问题甚至还没有被问到。在这里,我们通过对这两种效应的电磁场演化的详细研究来填补这一文献空白。为此,我们用超导体最简单的传统本构方程即伦敦方程来求解麦克斯韦方程组。我们证明,与赫希的预期相反,传统理论确实正确地描述了迈斯纳效应和贝克尔-伦敦效应的动力学。我们发现,即使在这种描述水平上,研究过程的动态也是相当丰富和有趣的。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of periodically arranged La2Zr2O7 dots on the critical current density of Bi-2212 thin films La2Zr2O7点周期性排列对Bi-2212薄膜临界电流密度的影响
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354815
Jian Ju , Li Lei , Yan Zhang , Gaoyang Zhao , Minghu Shen
Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2O8+δ (Bi-2212) thin films were fabricated on LaAlO3 (LAO) substrates via the sol-gel method. La2Zr2O7 (LZO) circular dot arrays (25 μm in diameter) were patterned on LAO substrates using a photosensitive sol-gel technique, followed by the deposition of LZO/Bi-2212 composite films. The superconducting properties, including resistivity-temperature (R-T), critical current density-temperature (Jc-T), and critical current density versus magnetic field (Jc-H) curves, were systematically characterized. Results indicate that the composite film exhibits a slightly reduced critical temperature (Tc = 79 K) compared to the monolayer Bi-2212 film (Tc = 81 K), yet its Jc is significantly enhanced. By analyzing the scaling behavior of Jc /(1 + T/Tc)2 versus 1 - T/Tc, we propose that dislocations formed at the LZO/Bi-2212 interface act as effective flux pinning centers. This hypothesis is supported by the weakened in-plane/out-of-plane textures observed in composite films, which correlate with interfacial lattice distortions.
采用溶胶-凝胶法在LaAlO3 (LAO)衬底上制备了Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2O8+δ (Bi-2212)薄膜。采用光敏溶胶-凝胶技术在La2Zr2O7 (LZO)圆点阵列(直径为25 μm)上形成图案,然后沉积LZO/Bi-2212复合薄膜。系统表征了超导材料的电阻率-温度曲线(R-T)、临界电流密度-温度曲线(Jc-T)和临界电流密度-磁场曲线(Jc-H)。结果表明,与单层Bi-2212膜(Tc = 81 K)相比,复合膜的临界温度(Tc = 79 K)略有降低,但其Jc显著提高。通过分析Jc /(1 + T/Tc)2和1 - T/Tc的结垢行为,我们提出LZO/Bi-2212界面处形成的位错是有效的磁钉中心。在复合薄膜中观察到的与界面晶格畸变相关的面内/面外织构减弱支持了这一假设。
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引用次数: 0
Heat capacity and magnetic properties of NbTiN films in the bulk limit 体积极限下NbTiN薄膜的热容量和磁性能
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354813
Elena Cimpoiasu , Viorel Sandu , Karwan Rostem , Edward J. Wollack , Ari D. Brown , Kevin H. Miller , Vilem Mikula
Heat capacity and magnetic measurements were used to extract superconducting parameters for deposited NbTiN films in the bulk limit, including the critical temperature, the ratio of the superconducting gap to the critical temperature, the phase coherence length, and the upper critical field. We found that the film is a strong coupling superconductor, with a small phase coherence length, consistent with trends reported in the literature. Due to the large thickness, these materials correspond to 3D analogues of bulk NbTiN. The upper critical fields determined from heat capacity and magnetic field measurements are different, emphasizing the sensitivity of magnetic field measurements to defects. The Ginzburg number is much smaller compared to high-Tc superconductors, while magnetic relaxation measurements point towards a Kim-Anderson vortex creep regime.
采用热容和磁测量方法提取了NbTiN薄膜在体积极限下的超导参数,包括临界温度、超导间隙与临界温度之比、相相干长度和上临界场。我们发现薄膜是一种强耦合超导体,具有较小的相相干长度,与文献报道的趋势一致。由于厚度大,这些材料对应于块状NbTiN的三维类似物。由热容和磁场测量确定的上临界场是不同的,强调了磁场测量对缺陷的敏感性。与高温超导体相比,金兹堡数要小得多,而磁松弛测量则指向金-安德森涡旋蠕变状态。
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引用次数: 0
Distinctive features of metal/superconductor-insulator transitions in doped La-based cuprates with large–radius impurities and their influence on enhancement of high-Tc superconductivity 掺杂大半径杂质的la基铜酸盐中金属/超导体-绝缘体跃迁的特征及其对高tc超导性增强的影响
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354802
U.T. Kurbanov , S. Dzhumanov , G.K. Zhumabaeva
We study the possibility of the localization of hole carriers and the distinctive features of the metal/ superconductor–insulator transitions in doped La-based cuprates with large-radius dopants (impurities) within the single–carrier cuprate superconductor model and obtain important insights in the role of large-radius impurities, strong electron–phonon interaction and polaronic (including also charge-density-wave (CDW) and pseudogap) effects in these electronic processes. We show that when the value of the high-frequency dielectric constant ɛ of the cuprates changes from 5 to 2.5 and the ratio η=ɛ/ɛ0 (where ɛ0 is the static dielectric constant of the cuprates) decreases from 0.14 down to 0.02 the new metal/superconductor–insulator transitions in doped cuprates La2xSrxCuO4 (LSCO) and La2xBaxCuO4 (LBCO) are caused by the strong hole–lattice interactions and polaronic effects and occur in a wide doping range from the lightly doped to overdoped regime. We find that such metal/superconductor–insulator transitions depending on the values of ɛ and η=ɛ/ɛ0 (e.g., for ɛ2.5 and η0.02) and the types of the ordering of polaronic carriers occur in these materials even in the overdoped regime (when the binding energy Ep of large polarons is increased significantly from 0.05 eV (at ɛ=5) up to 0.2 eV (at ɛ
我们研究了空穴载流子局部化的可能性,以及在单载流子铜超导体模型中掺杂大半径掺杂(杂质)的la基铜酸盐中金属/超导体-绝缘体跃迁的独特特征,并获得了大半径杂质、强电子-声子相互作用和极化(也包括电荷密度波(CDW)和赝隙)效应在这些电子过程中的作用的重要见解。我们表明,当高频介电常数的值ɛ∞铜酸盐的变化从5到2.5,比η=ɛ∞/ɛ0(ɛ0铜酸盐的静态介电常数)从0.14减少到0.02新/ superconductor-insulator过渡金属掺杂铜酸盐水为−xSrxCuO4 (LSCO)和水为−xBaxCuO4 (LBCO)引起的强烈hole-lattice交互和polaronic效果和出现的多种掺杂的轻掺杂overdoped政权。我们发现,在ARPES实验中观察到,即使在过掺杂状态下(当大极化子的束缚能Ep从0.05 eV(在η∞=5时)显著增加到0.2 eV(在η∞=2.5时),这些材料中也会发生依赖于η值和η= ε∞/ ε 0的金属/超导体-绝缘体跃迁(例如,当ε∞≥2.5时)和极化载流子的排序类型。我们关于掺杂la基铜酸盐中金属/超导体-绝缘体转变的理论结果与实验结果很好地吻合。我们研究了超导体-绝缘体跃迁和不同的紊乱(例如,极化子形成,CDWs和辐照引起的紊乱(阴离子空位))对欠掺杂和最佳掺杂铜酸盐中高tc超导性的可能影响。
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引用次数: 0
First-principles calculations of the stability and electronic properties of KHn under pressure 压力下KHn的稳定性和电子性质的第一性原理计算
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354811
Meng Wang , Zhi-Yuan Qiu , Zheng-Tang Liu , Juan Gao
In this paper, based on thermodynamic and dynamic stability, the stable KHn (n = 3, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12) systems and their range of stable intervals were determined. The pressure range for metallization has been determined. The formation enthalpy, band structure, density of states (DOS), and phonon spectrum were further studied. It is found that both KH3 and KH5 can be metallized in a monoclinic crystal system containing H3 units, which indicates that the appearance of H3 units is conducive to their metallization. Additionally, KH5 and KH10 possess a special layered structure similar to that of solid hydrogen—this similarity highlights the significant influence of hydrogen (H) on their structural composition. Through the specific analysis of KH5 and KH10, it is found that the density of states at the Fermi level is mainly contributed by hydrogen atoms, and the electron delocalization of hydrogen sublattice is the main reason for the metallization of the compound. This study has reference significance for the metallization mechanism of alkali metal hydrides.
本文基于热力学稳定性和动力学稳定性,确定了稳定的KHn (n = 3、5、8、9、10、11、12)系统及其稳定区间范围。确定了金属化的压力范围。进一步研究了形成焓、能带结构、态密度(DOS)和声子谱。发现KH3和KH5都可以在含有H3⁻单位的单斜晶体体系中被金属化,这说明H3⁻单位的出现有利于它们的金属化。此外,KH5和KH10具有与固体氢相似的特殊层状结构,这种相似性突出了氢(H)对其结构组成的重要影响。通过对KH5和KH10的具体分析,发现费米能级的态密度主要由氢原子贡献,氢亚晶格的电子离域是化合物金属化的主要原因。本研究对探讨碱金属氢化物的金属化机理具有参考意义。
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引用次数: 0
Superconducting and pining vortex properties of mixed state in deuterated κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br organic superconductor 氘化κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br有机超导体混合态的超导和缩流特性
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354812
O. Sliman , A. Tirbiyine , J. Elqars , A. Bourdyme , M. Bellioua , N. El ghazal , H. Elouaddi , Y. Ait Ahmed , M. Id elamel , F. Bouzit
The analysis of the hysteresis loop at low and intermediate magnetic field, allows us to estimate the lower critical magnetic field Hc1 and the full penetration magnetic field Hf in deuterated κ-(ET)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br organic superconductors at temperature T = 2 K both in rapid and slow cooling of the sample, through the structural transformation that occurs near 80 K. The investigation of the hysteresis loop at intermediate magnetic fields reveals that the system does not undergo a vortex solid-to-liquid melting transition or a 3D–2D decoupling transition within the explored magnetic field range. The analysis of the pinning force at the same temperature shows that rapid cooling near 80 K dramatically reduces the pinning strength and completely alters the dominant pinning mechanism. Under slow cooling, the dominant mechanism is normal point pinning, whereas under rapid cooling it shifts to a surface pinning mechanism.
通过对低磁场和中磁场下的磁滞回线的分析,我们可以通过在80 K附近发生的结构转变,估算出氘化κ-(ET)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br有机超导体在温度T = 2 K时快速和慢速冷却样品的低临界磁场Hc1和全穿透磁场Hf。对中磁场下磁滞回线的研究表明,系统在探测磁场范围内不发生涡流固-液熔融转变和三维-二维解耦转变。同一温度下的钉紧力分析表明,80 K附近的快速冷却显著降低了钉紧强度,完全改变了主要的钉紧机制。在慢冷条件下,以点钉为主,而在快冷条件下,以面钉为主。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental study on fatigue properties of REBCO copper bonding joints under cyclic tensile loading at 77 K 77 K循环拉伸载荷下REBCO铜键合接头疲劳性能试验研究
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354798
Guoxiang Wang , Yuwei Zhou , Zequn Ke , Zhen Huang
In practical applications, second-generation (2G) high-temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes are inevitably subjected to cyclic loads caused by mechanical, thermal, and electromagnetic forces. As critical components in large-scale HTS magnets, joints are prone to fatigue failure under cyclic loading, making their fatigue performance a key factor for system reliability. Copper bonding joint is a novel joining technology that provides easy fabrication and low joint resistance, offering benefits for designing and manufacturing large-scale HTS magnets. Therefore, examining the fatigue properties of copper bonding joints is essential. This paper first examined the uniaxial tensile properties of the joints and determined their irreversible force based on the criterion of 95 % initial critical current recovery. Subsequently, the influence of maximum forces, stress ratios, and fatigue frequencies on the critical current degradation of the joints was studied at 77 K. Finally, fatigue performance was compared among the original tapes, copper bonding joints, and soldered joints under identical maximum forces. The results showed that copper bonding joints exhibited better fatigue performance compared to the soldered joints.
在实际应用中,第二代(2G)高温超导(HTS)磁带不可避免地要承受机械力、热力和电磁力引起的循环载荷。接头作为大型高温超导磁体的关键部件,在循环载荷作用下容易发生疲劳失效,其疲劳性能是影响系统可靠性的关键因素。铜连接是一种新型的连接技术,具有制造简单、连接阻力小等优点,为设计和制造大型高温超导磁体提供了有利条件。因此,研究铜连接接头的疲劳性能是必要的。本文首先测试了接头的单轴拉伸性能,并根据95%初始临界电流恢复准则确定了接头的不可逆力。随后,在77 K下研究了最大力、应力比和疲劳频率对接头临界电流退化的影响。最后,比较了相同最大受力条件下原始带、铜键合接头和焊接接头的疲劳性能。结果表明,铜键合接头的疲劳性能优于焊接接头。
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引用次数: 0
Study on the levitation height dynamic performance under the current variation starting mode in pinning maglev 固定磁悬浮列车电流变化启动方式下悬浮高度动态性能研究
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354797
Wei Hong , Changqi Wang , Wenxin Li
The self-stabilizing characteristics of magnetic pinning levitation offer significant potential for near-ground high-speed transportation systems. This article focuses on levitation height regulation during the starting procedure using the Current Variation Starting Mode (CVSM) within electromagnetic guideway (EMG). Through quasi-static experiments examining excitation current, initial levitation position, and load mass influences, the study establishes fundamental principles governing levitation height. A predictive mathematical model derived via empirical curve fitting yields a generalized analytical expression for levitation height calculation. The validated framework demonstrates applicability to static control strategies in maglev systems, particularly for height correction of train body at stations and the starting height estimation.
磁钉悬浮的自稳定特性为近地面高速运输系统提供了巨大的潜力。本文研究了电磁导轨启动过程中,利用电流变化启动模式(CVSM)调节悬浮高度的方法。通过准静态实验考察激励电流、初始悬浮位置和负载质量的影响,建立了控制悬浮高度的基本原理。通过经验曲线拟合建立了一个预测数学模型,得到了计算悬浮高度的广义解析表达式。验证的框架证明了磁悬浮系统静态控制策略的适用性,特别是在车站列车车身高度校正和起始高度估计方面。
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引用次数: 0
Measurement and analysis on the levitation and guidance force of HTS bulks under permanent magnet guideway fluctuating magnetic field 永磁导轨波动磁场作用下高温超导体的悬浮力和导向力的测量与分析
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354800
Boyi Zhao, Hao Yang, Bo Yang, Zhichuan Huang, Yiming Zhou, Zigang Deng
High-temperature superconducting (HTS) pinning maglev technology has attracted considerable attention in the field of high-speed maglev transportation. In practical applications, HTS bulks are subjected to a complex electromagnetic environment due to various external excitations, including the unevenness of permanent magnet guideway (PMG), aerodynamic effects, and normal disturbance of the motor etc. These factors induce variations in the levitation performance of the bulks. In this paper, an air cylinder vibration table with adjustable amplitude and frequency was constructed, and the SCML-01 system was employed to conduct real-time force measurements on the HTS bulks. Experimental results indicate that the levitation force attenuation of HTS bulks increases nonlinearly with the amplitude and frequency of the fluctuating magnetic field (FMF). A resonance phenomenon emerges at 8 Hz, where the levitation force attenuation rate reaches 9.51 %—significantly higher than that at other frequencies. In comparison with the control group, after exposure to the FMF of the PMG, the guidance force of HTS bulks increases significantly, while the unrecoverable distance decreases. This work clarifies the laws governing the influence of the amplitude and frequency of the FMF on the electromagnetic force characteristics of HTS bulks. These findings provide valuable insights for guiding the future development and application of HTS pinning maglev technology.
高温超导(HTS)钉钉式磁悬浮技术在高速磁悬浮运输领域备受关注。在实际应用中,由于各种外部激励,包括永磁导轨(PMG)的不均匀性、气动效应和电机的正常扰动等,高温超导体受到复杂的电磁环境。这些因素引起了船体悬浮性能的变化。本文构建了幅值和频率可调的气缸振动台,并利用SCML-01系统对高温超导体进行了实时力测量。实验结果表明,高温超导体的悬浮力衰减随波动磁场的幅值和频率呈非线性增加。在8 Hz处出现共振现象,悬浮力衰减率达到9.51%,显著高于其他频率。与对照组相比,暴露于PMG的FMF后,HTS体的制导力明显增加,不可恢复距离减小。本文阐明了FMF振幅和频率对高温超导体电磁力特性影响的规律。这些研究结果为指导高温超导钉住磁悬浮技术的未来发展和应用提供了有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
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Physica C-superconductivity and Its Applications
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