Physica C-superconductivity and Its Applications最新文献

英文中文

A Pt-Ti thin-film heating method for de-fluxing SFQ circuits in superconducting computers 超导计算机中用于除磁SFQ电路的Pt-Ti薄膜加热方法

IF 1.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED

Physica C-superconductivity and Its Applications

Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354748

Zhichao Chen, Jian Zhou, Lingyun Li, Lixing You

This paper proposes a Platinum (Pt)-Ti (Titanium) thin-film heating method for de-fluxing Single Flux Quantum (SFQ) circuits, addressing key limitations of conventional hotspot-based approaches, such as non-uniform temperature distribution, low thermal efficiency, and delayed response. A comprehensive analysis and performance evaluation of different heating methods are conducted to investigate the impact of heat methods on Josephson junction (JJ) de-fluxing. Superconducting computers, which use SFQ logic for high-speed operation and ultra-low power consumption, suffer from logical errors caused by trapped magnetic flux in JJs. To de-flux an SFQ circuit after logic errors, the JJs must be heated above the threshold temperature and then cooled in the absence of a magnetic field. Our studies show that heating the JJs to 22 K or above reliably removes trapped flux. Pt thin-film resistive materials, known for their rapid thermal response and controllable diffusion, offer a more efficient solution for de-fluxing and thermal control in SFQ circuits. The thin-film method demonstrates superior performance, achieving a more uniform temperature distribution (standard deviation of 0.02 K), faster thermal response within 1.2 s, and an optimal heating power of 1500 mW with an effective heating duration of 2 s. These results demonstrate a reliable and efficient de-fluxing method, essential for restoring functionality and ensuring logical error recovery in large-scale superconducting computers.

本文提出了一种用于单通量量子（SFQ）电路解磁的铂(Pt)-钛（钛）薄膜加热方法，解决了传统基于热点的方法存在的温度分布不均匀、热效率低、响应延迟等关键缺陷。通过对不同加热方式的综合分析和性能评价，探讨了加热方式对Josephson结（JJ）脱熔剂的影响。超导计算机采用SFQ逻辑实现高速运行和超低功耗，但由于JJs中的磁通被捕获而导致逻辑错误。在逻辑错误后，为了消除SFQ电路的磁通，必须将JJs加热到阈值温度以上，然后在没有磁场的情况下冷却。我们的研究表明，将JJs加热到22 K或更高，可以可靠地去除捕获的通量。Pt薄膜电阻材料以其快速的热响应和可控的扩散而闻名，为SFQ电路中的除磁和热控制提供了更有效的解决方案。薄膜法具有优异的性能，温度分布更均匀（标准偏差为0.02 K）， 1.2 s内热响应更快，最佳加热功率为1500 mW，有效加热时间为2 s。这些结果证明了一种可靠和有效的除磁方法，对于恢复大型超导计算机的功能和确保逻辑错误恢复至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Something about the Mechanism of Induction Phenomena: The forgotten work of Berta de Haas-Lorentz on diamagnetism in superconductors 感应现象的机理：被遗忘的Berta de Haas-Lorentz关于超导体抗磁性的工作

IF 1.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED

Physica C-superconductivity and Its Applications

Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354762

Giulia Venditti , Carlo Beenakker , Louk Rademaker

In 1925, Dr. Geertruida Luberta “Berta” de Haas-Lorentz published the paper “Iets over het mechanisme van inductieverschijnselen” in the journal Physica. Her paper was the first to discuss perfect diamagnetism of superconductors, eight years before the discovery of the Meissner effect, when the essential difference between the two phenomena was not understood. Unfortunately, her work was almost forgotten by the scientific community. To counter this, we translate her seminal 1925 paper from Dutch into English. We provide an overview of the life of Dr. De Haas-Lorentz, and comment on her pioneering contribution to the theory of superconductivity.

1925年，Geertruida Luberta“Berta”de Haas-Lorentz博士在《物理学》杂志上发表了论文《et over the mechanism van inductieverschijnselen》。她的论文是第一个讨论超导体的完美抗磁性的，这比迈斯纳效应的发现早了八年，当时这两种现象之间的本质区别还没有被理解。不幸的是，她的工作几乎被科学界遗忘了。为了解决这个问题，我们将她1925年的开创性论文从荷兰语翻译成英语。我们概述了德哈斯-洛伦兹博士的一生，并评论了她对超导理论的开创性贡献。

引用次数: 0

Quantum fisher information reveals UV-IR mixing in the strange metal 量子费雪信息揭示了这种奇怪金属中的紫外-红外混合

IF 1.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED

Physica C-superconductivity and Its Applications

Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354750

David Bałut , Xuefei Guo , Niels de Vries , Dipanjan Chaudhuri , Barry Bradlyn , Peter Abbamonte , Philip W. Phillips

The density-density response in optimally doped Bi

_{2}

_{2}

CaCu

_{2}

_{8 + x}

has recently been shown to exhibit conformal symmetry. Using, the experimentally inferred conformal dynamic susceptibility, we compute the resultant quantum Fisher information (QFI), a witness to multi-partite entanglement. For a Fermi liquid, we find that the QFI grows quadratically as the temperature increases, consistent then with the phase space available for scattering in the standard theory of metals. By contrast, the QFI in a strange metal increases as a power law at as the temperature decreases, but ultimately extrapolates to a constant at

T = 0

. The constant is of the form,

ω_{g}^{2 Δ}

, where

Δ

is the conformal dimension and

ω_{g}

is the UV cutoff which is on the order of the pseudogap. As this constant depends on both UV and IR properties, it illustrates that multipartite entanglement in a strange metal exhibits UV-IR mixing, a benchmark feature of doped Mott insulators as exemplified by dynamical spectral weight transfer. We conclude with a discussion of the implication of our results for low-energy reductions of the Hubbard model.

最佳掺杂Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x的密度-密度响应最近被证明具有保形对称性。利用实验推断的共形动态磁化率，我们计算了由此产生的量子费雪信息（QFI），这是多方纠缠的一个见证。对于费米液体，我们发现QFI随着温度的升高呈二次增长，这与金属标准理论中可用于散射的相空间一致。相比之下，在一种奇怪的金属中，QFI随着温度的降低呈幂律增加，但最终在T=0时外推为常数。该常数的形式为ωg2Δ，其中Δ是保形尺寸，ωg是与赝隙相同阶的UV截止值。由于该常数取决于紫外和红外特性，它说明了奇怪金属中的多部纠缠表现出紫外-红外混合，这是掺杂莫特绝缘体的基准特征，如动态光谱重量转移所示。最后，我们讨论了我们的结果对哈伯德模型的低能量减少的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Can dd excitations mediate pairing?” [Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications 613 (2023) 1354321] “添加激励可以调节配对吗？”[物理学报：C辑：超导及其应用]

IF 1.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED

Physica C-superconductivity and Its Applications

Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354753

Francesco Barantani , Christophe Berthod , Dirk van der Marel

引用次数: 0

Conductivity of strongly disordered ultra-thin MoC superconducting films investigated by transmission line spectroscopy 用传输线谱法研究强无序超薄MoC超导膜的电导率

IF 1.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED

Physica C-superconductivity and Its Applications

Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354749

Martin Baránek , Pavol Neilinger , Daniel Manca , Oleg G. Turutanov , Miroslav Grajcar

The technique of non-contact broadband transmission line flip-chip spectroscopy is utilized to probe resonances of mm-sized square resonators fabricated from strongly disordered molybdenum carbide films in the GHz frequency range. The temperature dependence of the resonances was modeled by the surface impedance of the thin films via the complex conductivity of disordered superconductors, which reflects the Dynes superconducting density of states of these superconductors. The obtained Dynes broadening parameters relate reasonably well to those known from scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements. The eigenmodes of the 2D resonator were visualized by EM model in Sonnet software.

利用非接触式宽带传输线倒装片光谱技术探测了由强无序碳化钼薄膜制成的毫米大小的方形谐振器在GHz频率范围内的共振。通过无序超导体的复合导电性，用薄膜表面阻抗来模拟共振的温度依赖性，反映了这些超导体状态的达因斯超导密度。所得的达因斯展宽参数与扫描隧道光谱测量结果相当吻合。利用Sonnet软件中的EM模型可视化了二维谐振腔的特征模态。

引用次数: 0

How do supercurrents die down when a superconductor goes normal? 当超导体正常时，超电流是如何消失的？

IF 1.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED

Physica C-superconductivity and Its Applications

Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354747

J.E. Hirsch

The supercurrent flowing near the surface of a type I superconducting body in the presence of an external magnetic field carries kinetic energy and angular momentum. When the macroscopic body transits into the normal state and magnetic field lines start penetrating it, Faraday’s law induces electric currents opposing the change in magnetic flux, that in the aggregate carry kinetic energy and angular momentum many orders of magnitude larger than the supercurrent in the initial state. These currents die down, and their angular momentum is transferred to the body as a whole, without generation of entropy. The conventional theory of superconductivity does not explain how this happens. The alternative theory of hole superconductivity does: it requires carriers with negative effective mass. Our theory also provides an explanation for why flux is generically trapped in type I superconductors under field cooling conditions.

在外加磁场作用下，在I型超导体表面附近流动的超电流携带动能和角动量。当宏观物体过渡到正常状态，磁力线开始穿透它时，法拉第定律就会产生与磁通量变化相反的电流，这些电流总的携带的动能和角动量比初始状态下的超电流大许多个数量级。这些电流逐渐消失，它们的角动量被传递给整个身体，而不产生熵。传统的超导理论并不能解释这是如何发生的。空穴超导的另一种理论是：它需要具有负有效质量的载流子。我们的理论还解释了为什么在场冷却条件下，通量通常被困在I型超导体中。

引用次数: 0

Enhancing Hastelloy tape surfaces flattening efficiency via autonomously designed SDP system derived Y2O3 coatings 通过自主设计的SDP系统衍生的Y2O3涂层，提高哈氏合金带表面平坦化效率

IF 1.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED

Physica C-superconductivity and Its Applications

Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354744

Mingyuan Zhao , Bowan Tao , Ruipeng Zhao , Xi Chen , Zhenzhe Li , Tian Xie , Qichen Wang , Silong Fang , Ziwen Jin , Yudong Xia

The widespread application of second-generation high-temperature superconducting (2G HTS) tapes has elevated demand for surface smoothing of long-length Hastelloy tapes utilizing simple and low-cost strategies. Amorphous Y₂O₃ has been used to flatten the long-length Hastelloy tape surfaces via solution deposition planarization (SDP). In this work, the autonomously designed SDP system is applied to flatten the Hastelloy surface while significantly increasing progress rate. As a result, lifting speed up to 75 m/h, while the root mean square (RMS) roughness on Hastelloy tape surfaces was reduced from 28.13 nm to 0.76 nm over 5 × 5 μm² areas. These are superior to those of the state-of-the-art SDP lifting speeds. Additionally, the surface flattening process was elaborated through power spectral density (PSD). The Hastelloy tape surfaces have been confirmed to form a well-biaxially textured MgO buffer layer. The autonomously designed SDP system shed light on an effective strategy for flattening long-length Hastelloy tape surfaces.

随着第二代高温超导（2G HTS）带的广泛应用，对采用简单、低成本的方法实现长哈氏合金带的表面平滑提出了更高的要求。采用溶液沉积平面化（SDP）技术将非晶Y2O3用于长哈氏合金带表面的平面化。在这项工作中，自主设计的SDP系统应用于哈氏合金表面的平整，同时显著提高了进度速度。结果，提升速度可达75 m/h，而哈氏合金带表面在5 × 5 μm²面积上的均方根粗糙度（RMS）从28.13 nm降至0.76 nm。这些都优于那些国家的最先进的SDP起重速度。此外，通过功率谱密度（PSD）对表面平坦化过程进行了阐述。哈氏合金带表面已被证实形成良好的双轴织构MgO缓冲层。自主设计的SDP系统揭示了一种有效的策略，使长哈氏合金胶带表面变平。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of the suspension current of a magnetically levitated superconducting rotor structure 磁悬浮超导转子结构悬浮电流分析

IF 1.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED

Physica C-superconductivity and Its Applications

Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354730

Xian Yi , Chunyan Cui , Xinning Hu , Yuan Zhang , Xu Cui , Hao Li , Qiuliang Wang , Quansheng Sun

The high precision of the superconducting magnetic levitation device relies on the rotor's high-speed rotation and disturbance resistance. In actual work, the appropriate support current is conducive to realizing the high-speed driving of the superconductor rotor and improving its anti-disturbance ability. A comprehensive analysis of suspension current characteristics in superconducting magnetic levitation systems is therefore essential. This study analyzes the suspension current characteristics in superconducting magnetic levitation systems. The structure is first introduced, followed by a finite element model based on the vector magnetic potential equation to investigate electromagnetic relationships. A suspension current adjustment method is then proposed and validated through experimental tests. In conclusion, an analysis was conducted to determine the influence law of the change in suspension current on the drift speed. This analysis was based on the change in interference torque caused by the change in suspension current. The results establish a framework for optimizing suspension current adjustment and serve as a benchmark for improving device accuracy.

超导磁悬浮装置的高精度依赖于转子的高速旋转和抗干扰能力。在实际工作中，适当的支撑电流有利于实现超导体转子的高速驱动，提高其抗干扰能力。因此，对超导磁悬浮系统的悬浮电流特性进行全面分析是必要的。本文分析了超导磁悬浮系统的悬浮电流特性。首先介绍了结构，然后建立了基于矢量磁势方程的有限元模型来研究电磁关系。提出了一种悬架电流调节方法，并通过实验验证了该方法的有效性。最后，分析了悬架电流变化对漂移速度的影响规律。该分析基于悬架电流变化引起的干涉转矩变化。研究结果为优化悬架电流调节建立了框架，并为提高器件精度提供了基准。

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引用次数: 0

Design and analysis of cold mass support system for superconducting magnets without transport protection 无传输保护超导磁体冷质量支撑系统的设计与分析

IF 1.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED

Physica C-superconductivity and Its Applications

Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354700

Zuda Fan , Ce Xu , Wei Zou , Hui Wang , Yichuan Zheng , Shunzhong Chen , Junsheng Cheng , Qiuliang Wang

For the superconducting magnets that require high environmental adaptability during unprotected long-distance transportation, the cold mass support structure must have sufficient rigidity to minimize the variation of coaxiality between the cold mass and the warm bore after transportation. Based on the T700 carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) with low thermal conductivity and high mechanical strength, a three-dimensional adjustable cold mass support structure is constructed. To monitor the tension forces of the rods and the displacement of the cold mass, the tension sensors and the displacement sensors are integrated into this structure. The support structure is analysed for conductive heat leak, structural strength and stability under vibration. The effects of highway transportation on the displacement of the cold mass and the stress of the rods are studied by vibration experiment. Additionally, the situation of the cold mass may still change under the long-term accumulation of transportation. An adjustment method of the displacement is proposed to solve this problem. The result shows that the displacement of the cold mass is less than 0.01 mm after the vibration experiment. The coaxiality error can be adjusted within 0.1 mm. The rods can support the stress during vibration. The design of the support structure is reasonable and reliable.

对于远距离无保护运输对环境适应性要求较高的超导磁体，冷质量支撑结构必须具有足够的刚度，以使冷质量与暖孔之间的同轴度变化最小。基于低导热系数、高机械强度的T700碳纤维增强塑料（CFRP），构建了三维可调冷质量支撑结构。为了监测杆的拉力和冷质量的位移，在该结构中集成了张力传感器和位移传感器。对支撑结构进行了导热漏、结构强度和振动稳定性分析。通过振动试验研究了公路运输对冷质量位移和杆应力的影响。此外，在长期的运输积累下，冷团的情况仍可能发生变化。针对这一问题，提出了一种位移调整方法。结果表明，振动试验后冷质量的位移小于0.01 mm。同轴度误差可在0.1 mm内调节。杆能在振动时承受应力。支撑结构设计合理、可靠。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of chemical etching of copper stabilization layer on the performance and microstructure of REBa2Cu3O7-x coated conductors 化学蚀刻铜稳定层对REBa2Cu3O7-x涂层导体性能和微观结构的影响

IF 1.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED

Physica C-superconductivity and Its Applications

Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.physc.2025.1354715

Ziming Wang , Hao Liang , Zhenchuang Zhang , Xintao Zhang , Shuowei Gao , Han Yang , Zhan Zhang , Huan Jin , Chao Zhou , Jinggang Qin , Huajun Liu , Fang Liu

The etching of metallic layers is a critical step in the preparation of superconducting joints and in the study of the degradation mechanism of the superconducting performance of REBa₂Cu₃O_7-x (REBCO) coated conductors (CCs). The copper stabilization layer and the silver cap layer need to be completely removed from the specified area and retain excellent superconductivity and microstructure. Since REBCO CCs are sensitive to most inorganic solutions, the etching conditions can severely affect the performance and microstructure when using a wet etching process. We have systematically investigated the effects of ferric chloride (FeCl₃) solutions on the crystal structure, microscopic morphology, critical current (I_c) and n-values of REBCO CCs when etching copper stabilization layers, and have obtained etching parameters that hardly degrade I_c of CCs. However, when the etching conditions were varied, we found a significant degradation of I_c and investigated the underlying causes of this degradation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed that the main cause of the superconducting performance degradation is the delamination of the superconducting layer and the increase of oxygen defects in the lattice.

金属层的刻蚀是制备超导接头和研究REBa2Cu3O7-x （REBCO）涂层导体（CCs）超导性能退化机理的关键步骤。铜稳定层和银帽层需要从指定区域完全去除，并保持优异的超导性和微观结构。由于REBCO cc对大多数无机溶液敏感，因此采用湿法蚀刻工艺时，蚀刻条件会严重影响其性能和微观结构。我们系统地研究了氯化铁（FeCl3）溶液在刻蚀铜稳定层时对REBCO cc晶体结构、微观形貌、临界电流（Ic）和n值的影响，并获得了几乎不会降解cc Ic的刻蚀参数。然而，当蚀刻条件发生变化时，我们发现了Ic的显著降解，并研究了这种降解的根本原因。扫描电镜（SEM）、拉曼光谱（Raman）和x射线衍射（XRD）分析表明，导致超导性能下降的主要原因是超导层的分层和晶格中氧缺陷的增加。

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