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Purification and Characterization of a Low Molecular Weight Neutral Non-Starch Polysaccharide from Panax ginseng by Enzymatic Hydrolysis 人参低分子量中性非淀粉多糖的酶解纯化及性质研究
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/160179
Ying Ying, Chao Ma, Yajie Zhang, Xiaoping Li, Hongxin Wu
In this study, a novel neutral non-starch polysaccharide (GP1A) was extracted using hot water from ginseng roots. Chemical characteristics, monosaccharide compositions and structure of GP1A were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, gel permeation chromatography, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography with mass spectrometer, one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance. The results indicated that the lyophilized GP1A was a homogeneous polysaccharide with a low molecular weight of 1.03 kDa. The dominating monosaccharides of GP1A were d -glucose, d -galactose, d -mannose, d -xylose and d -arabinose. The structure analysis indicated the main chain residues sequence of GP1A was α- d -Glc p -(6 → 3)-α- d -Gal p -(1 → 1)-α- d -Glc p -(3 → 4)-β- d -Man p -(2 → 2)-β- d -Ara p with branch chains of α- d -Glc p substituted at α- d -Gal p and β- d -Xyl p substituted at β- d -Man p .
本研究采用热水法从人参根中提取了一种新型的中性非淀粉多糖(GP1A)。采用扫描电子显微镜、凝胶渗透色谱、X射线衍射、傅立叶变换红外光谱、质谱气相色谱、一维和二维核磁共振等方法研究了GP1A的化学特性、单糖组成和结构。结果表明,冻干的GP1A是一种低分子量为1.03kDa的均匀多糖。GP1A的主要单糖为d-葡萄糖、d-半乳糖、d-甘露糖、d-木糖和d-阿拉伯糖。结构分析表明,GP1A的主链残基序列为α-d-Glc p-(6→ 3) -α-d-Gal p-(1→ 1) -α-d-Glc p-(3→ 4) -β-d-Man p-(2→ 2) -β-d-Ara p,其支链为在α-d-Gal p处取代的α-d-Glc p和在β-d-Man p上取代的β-d-Xyl p。
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引用次数: 0
Use of Cashew Apple Pomace Powder in Pasta Making: Effects of Powder Ratio on the Product Quality 腰果渣粉在面食中的应用:粉料配比对产品质量的影响
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/159360
Thi-Phuong-Dung Nguyen, T. Tran, N. Ton, V. Le
The production of cashew apple juice generates fruit pomace which is rich in dietary fiber and phenolic compounds and shows high antioxidant capacity. In this research, the effects of different ratios of cashew apple pomace powder (CAPP) in the pasta formulation on the product quality were investigated. Increase in CAPP level in the pasta recipe from 0 to 20% enhanced the total dietary fiber and total phenolic content of the product by 4.1 times and 11.8 times, respectively, as well as improved the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power by 18.2 times and 28.6 times, respectively. Nevertheless, the increased level of CAPP in the pasta recipe resulted in decreased cooking quality, textural properties and overall acceptability of the pasta. Pasta sample with 10% CAPP level in the recipe was considered high-fiber food with acceptable sensory quality. Therefore, CAPP may be considered a promising source of dietary fiber and antioxidants for the development of healthy food products.
腰果苹果汁生产过程中产生的果渣富含膳食纤维和酚类化合物,具有较高的抗氧化能力。本研究考察了在面食配方中添加不同比例的腰果苹果渣粉(CAPP)对面食品质的影响。将面食配方中CAPP水平从0提高到20%,产品总膳食纤维和总酚含量分别提高了4.1倍和11.8倍,对2,2-二苯基-1-苦味肼基自由基的清除能力和还原铁的抗氧化能力分别提高了18.2倍和28.6倍。然而,面食配方中CAPP水平的增加导致面食的烹饪质量、质地特性和整体可接受性下降。配方中CAPP含量为10%的面食样品被认为是高纤维食品,感官质量可以接受。因此,在健康食品的开发中,CAPP可能被认为是一种有前景的膳食纤维和抗氧化剂来源。
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引用次数: 2
Phenolic Compounds in Agro-Industrial Waste of Mango Fruit: Impact on Health and Its Prebiotic Effect – a Review 芒果农业工业废弃物中的酚类化合物:对健康的影响及其益生作用
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/159361
Mayra Nicolás García, Anahí Borrás Enríquez, Jorge González Escobar, Oscar Calva Cruz, Viridiana Pérez Pérez, Mayra Sánchez Becerril
A.C
A.C
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引用次数: 0
Effect of UV-C Postharvest Disinfection on the Quality of Fresh-Cut 'Tommy Atkins' Mango UV-C采后消毒对鲜切“汤米·阿特金斯”芒果品质的影响
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-16 DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/159290
Alba Mery Garzón-García, S. Ruiz-Cruz, Saúl Dussán-Sarria, J. I. Hleap-Zapata, E. Márquez‐Ríos, C. L. Del‐Toro‐Sánchez, J. A. Tapia-Hernández, D. F. Canizales-Rodríguez, V. Ocaño-Higuera
Mango cv. ‘Tommy Atkins’ is a highly appreciated fruit for its organoleptic characteristics and its resistance to minimal processing. However, some operations as peeling and cutting can generate microbial contamination and loss of bioactive compounds. Ultraviolet short wave (UV-C) is an alternative technology for fresh-cut products that leads to microbial inactivation and the increase of beneficial compounds. The effect of a UV-C dose of 6 kJ/m 2 was evaluated on quality attributes of fresh-cut ‘Tommy Atkins’ mango during days 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 of storage (5°C, relative humidity: 85-90%), and compared with a positive control (conventional method by immersion in 10 mg/L sodium hypochlorite solution) and a negative control (without treatment). Physicochemical analysis (titratable acidity, pH, total soluble solid content, and firmness), superficial color evaluation, determinations of microbial counts, contents of total carotenoids, phenolics and flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity assays were performed. The results showed that UV-C treatment allowed to preserve microbial safety and superficial color of stored fresh-cut mango, and to increase the content of total carotenoids, which was 19.34 and 26.50 mg β-carotene/100 g fresh weight (FW) for control and UV-C treated sample at day 12 of storage, respectively. The DPPH• scavenging activity of the UV-C treated mango was also higher (0.60 mM TE/g FW) compared to control (0.27 mM TE/g FW) at the end of storage. However, UV-C treatment caused loss of firmness. Some native microorganisms of mango adapted to the stress caused by the treatments and the storage.
芒果品种“Tommy Atkins”因其感官特性和对最少加工的耐受性而备受推崇。然而,一些操作,如去皮和切割,可能会产生微生物污染和生物活性化合物的损失。紫外线短波(UV-C)是鲜切产品的一种替代技术,可导致微生物失活和有益化合物的增加。在贮藏的第0、3、6、9和12天(5°C,相对湿度:85-90%),评价了6kJ/m2的UV-C剂量对鲜切“Tommy Atkins”芒果质量属性的影响,并与阳性对照(浸泡在10mg/L次氯酸钠溶液中的常规方法)和阴性对照(未经处理)进行了比较。进行了理化分析(可滴定酸度、pH值、总可溶性固形物含量和硬度)、表面颜色评估、微生物计数测定、总类胡萝卜素、酚类和类黄酮含量测定以及抗氧化能力测定。结果表明,UV-C处理可以保持新鲜芒果的微生物安全性和表面色泽,并提高总类胡萝卜素的含量,对照和UV-C处理样品在贮藏第12天的总类胡萝卜素含量分别为19.34和26.50 mgβ-胡萝卜素/100 g鲜重。在储存结束时,UV-C处理的芒果的DPPH•清除活性(0.60 mM TE/g FW)也高于对照(0.27 mM TE/g-FW)。然而,UV-C处理导致硬度损失。芒果的一些原生微生物适应了处理和贮藏所造成的胁迫。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of Different Cooking Methods on Lipid Content and Fatty Acid Profile of Red Mullet (Mullus barbatus) 不同烹饪方法对红Mullet(Mullus barbatus)脂肪含量和脂肪酸组成的影响
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-16 DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/159651
F. Biandolino, E. Prato, A. Grattagliano, I. Parlapiano
This study investigated the effect of five in-house cooking methods (grilling, oven-cooking, frying, microwaving, and boiling) on lipid content and fatty acid composition in red mullet ( Mullus barbatus ). Moreover, the nutritional quality of the lipid fraction was evaluated by determining a number of lipid nutritional quality indices (LNQI). Moisture content of red mullet decreased after cooking, with the exception of boiled fish, while the lipid content significantly increased after microwave treatment and frying. After the latter, a ten-fold increase in lipid content was noted compared to fresh fish (from 2.1 to 21.1 g/100 g wet matter). All cooking methods caused significant changes in the fatty acid (FA) profile of M. barbatus . The content of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) varied significantly between raw and cooked fish with the lowest values determined for fried sample. Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content increased after oven cooking and frying, while polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content showed an opposite trend. The eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) were the dominant fatty acids among n 3 acids in all samples. EPA+DHA contribution in total FAs was significantly lower in the samples after oven cooking (19.6% total FAs) and frying (4.99% total FAs) than in the raw (25.5% of total FAs) fish. The n 3/ n 6 ratio (range 1.25–3.65) decreased significantly after cooking; however, it remained above the recommended values for a healthy human nutrition (1:5). The PUFA/SFA ratio was between 0.69 in fried and 1.02 in boiled fish, both being greater than those recommended by the WHO/FAO [2003]. Atherogenicity index value decreased significantly after the cooking particularly in fried fish. The polyene index (PI), as a measure of PUFA damage, was in the range of 0.42–1.18. Although all cooking methods affected the FA profile, based on LNQI, it can be concluded that barbecue-grilling and boiling were the best cooking methods for healthy eating, due to their lowest effect on essential FAs.
本研究研究了五种室内烹饪方法(烧烤、烤箱烹饪、油炸、微波和煮沸)对红鲻鱼脂质含量和脂肪酸组成的影响。此外,通过测定一系列脂质营养品质指数(LNQI)来评价脂质部分的营养品质。除水煮鱼外,红鲻鱼蒸煮后水分含量降低,而微波处理和油炸后脂肪含量显著增加。在后者之后,与鲜鱼相比,脂质含量增加了10倍(从2.1 g/100 g湿物质增加到21.1 g)。所有烹饪方法对barbatus的脂肪酸谱都有显著的影响。饱和脂肪酸(sfa)的含量在生鱼和熟鱼之间有显著差异,其中油炸鱼的含量最低。单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)含量在烤炉和油炸后增加,而多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量则相反。在所有样品的3种脂肪酸中,二十二碳六烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)是优势脂肪酸。经烤箱蒸煮(19.6%)和油炸(4.99%)的样品中EPA+DHA对总FAs的贡献显著低于生鱼(25.5%)。n3 / n6比值(1.25 ~ 3.65)经蒸煮后显著降低;然而,它仍然高于健康人类营养的推荐值(1:5)。炸鱼的PUFA/SFA比值为0.69,水煮鱼的PUFA/SFA比值为1.02,均高于WHO/FAO的推荐值[2003]。经蒸煮后的动脉粥样硬化指数显著降低,特别是在煎鱼中。多烯指数(PI)在0.42-1.18之间,是PUFA损伤的衡量指标。虽然所有的烹饪方法都会影响FA分布,但基于LNQI,可以得出结论,烧烤和煮沸是健康饮食的最佳烹饪方法,因为它们对必需FA的影响最小。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of Mbuja Oil Consumption Compare to Palm Olein and Corn Oils on Lipid Parameters in Rats 棕榈油和玉米油对大鼠脂质参数的影响
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-02-14 DOI: 10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.13
Doumta Charles Falang, Bebbe Fadimatou, Ghomdim Nzali Horliane, Ngangoum Eric Serge
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Packaging on Microbial Quality of Edible Flowers During Refrigerated Storage 包装对食用花卉冷藏期间微生物品质的影响
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/159037
A. Wilczyńska, A. Kukułowicz, A. Lewandowska
Edible flowers are food products that are usually eaten fresh without prior heat treatment. Due to their chemical composition and low degree of processing, they can be an excellent breeding ground for microorganisms, and thus a source of infection. Methods of their preservation include proper packaging and storage at low temperatures. Therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of type of packaging (vacuum-sealed polyamide/polyethylene bag and polyethylene terephthalate box) on the microbial contamination of edible flowers including nasturtium, calendula, and daisy during refrigerated storage. The counts of selected pathogenic bacteria, total yeasts and moulds on the day of harvesting and after 1–3 days of refrigerated storage were determined. The results showed that the edible flowers did not contain Salmonella sp. or Escherichia coli (except nasturtiums), while all flowers contained both yeast and moulds at counts about 4–5 log cfu/g, and Staphylococcus aureus at numbers ranging from 1.89 to 2.72 log cfu/g. The differences in the counts of moulds and S. aureus were statistically significant depending on the type of flower. Neither the type of packaging nor storage time under refrigerated conditions influenced the degree of microbial contamination of the flowers.
食用花是指通常未经热处理就新鲜食用的食品。由于它们的化学成分和低加工程度,它们可以成为微生物的良好繁殖地,从而成为感染源。它们的保存方法包括适当的包装和低温储存。因此,本研究的目的是评估包装类型(真空密封聚酰胺/聚乙烯袋和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯盒)对冷藏期间包括旱金莲、金盏花和雏菊在内的可食用花卉的微生物污染的影响。测定收获当天和冷藏1-3天后所选致病菌、总酵母和霉菌的计数。结果表明,可食用的花朵不含沙门氏菌或大肠杆菌(旱金莲除外),而所有花朵均含有酵母和霉菌,数量约为4–5 log cfu/g,金黄色葡萄球菌数量为1.89至2.72 log cfu/g。霉菌和金黄色葡萄球菌计数的差异在统计学上是显著的,这取决于花的类型。包装类型和冷藏条件下的储存时间都不影响花朵的微生物污染程度。
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引用次数: 1
Oxidative Stability and Quality Parameters of Veal During Ageing Veal在老化过程中的氧化稳定性和质量参数
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/157248
M. Lušnic Polak, M. Kuhar, Iva Zahija, L. Demšar, T. Polak
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the ageing period (1, 7, 14, and 21 days) on the quality parameters, sensory attributes, and oxidative stability of loins ( longissimuss lumborum muscle) obtained from twelve Simmental calves less than 8 months old and slaughtered in a commercial processing plant. After 21 days, the colour of veal samples became yellower (increase in b* colour parameter value), and the instrumentally-measured texture improved (Warner-Bratzler shear force decreased from 84.61 N to 56.79 N). Ageing time enhanced sensory-evaluated tenderness, juiciness, aroma, and flavour. The amount of the lipid oxidation products determined as thiobarbituric acid reactive substance content remained unchanged; in contrast, the amount of protein carbonyls increased, without compromising veal quality.
本研究的目的是评估老化期(1、7、14和21天)对从12头小于8个月大的西门塔尔小牛身上获得并在商业加工厂屠宰的腰部(腰最长肌)的质量参数、感官属性和氧化稳定性的影响。21天后,小牛肉样品的颜色变黄(b*颜色参数值增加),并且仪器测量的质地改善(Warner-Bratzler剪切力从84.61N降低到56.79N)。陈化时间增强了感官评估的嫩度、多汁性、香气和风味。脂质氧化产物的量测定为硫代巴比妥酸反应物质的含量保持不变;相比之下,蛋白质羰基的含量增加了,而不影响小牛肉的品质。
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引用次数: 1
Meal Pattern and Micro Nutrient Adequacy of Food Consumed by Secondary School Female Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria 尼日利亚奥约州伊巴丹市中学女青少年膳食模式和食物中微量营养素的充足性
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11
Olanike Olubunmi Balogun, Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin, Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of Nutritional Knowledge, Dietary Habits and Oral Health Practices of Undergraduate Students in Lead City University Ibadan, Nigeria 尼日利亚伊巴丹铅城市大学本科生营养知识、饮食习惯和口腔健康实践评估
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.12
Aleru Elizabeth Oluwafolakemi, Mosuro Aderonke, Balogun Francis Adeniyi, Ogundele, Abimbola Eniola, Akinrefe Olanrewaju Ayopo, Bodunde Ifeoluwa Omolara
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
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